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Harsono Harsono
Universitas Gadjah Mada
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PENGARUH PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF MELALUI METODE PROBLEM SOLVING DAN PEMBERIAN TUGAS DITINJAU DARI KREATIVITAS SISWA Harsono, Harsono; Sunarno, Widha
PROSIDING : Seminar Nasional Fisika dan Pendidikan Fisika Vol 1, No 5 (2012)
Publisher : PROSIDING : Seminar Nasional Fisika dan Pendidikan Fisika

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Abstract

“Pengaruh Pembelajaran Kooperatif Melalui Metode Problem Solving dan Pemberian Tugas ditinjau dari Kreativitas Siswa.”(Studi Kasus Pembelajaran Fisika Pada Pokok Bahasan Gravitasi Bumi Siswa kelas XI IPA Semester 1 Tahun Pelajaran 2008/2009 SMA Taruna Nusantara ). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui : 1) apakah ada pengaruh pembelajaran fisika dengan pembelajaran kooperatif melalui metode problem solving dan metode pemberian tugas terhadap prestasi belajar Fisika siswa pada kompetensi dasar gravitasi bumi. 2)  Apakah ada pengaruh siswa yang mempunyai kreativitas tinggi, sedang, dan siswa yang mempunyai kreativitasnya rendah terhadap prestasi belajar fisika siswa pada kompetensi dasar gravitasi bumi. 3)  Apakah ada interaksi antara metode problem solving dan metode pemberian tugas dengan kreativitas siswa terhadap prestasi belajar fisika pada kompetensi dasar gravitasi bumi.Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dari bulan Agustus 2008 sampai dengan bulan Januari 2009. Populasi penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XI-IA SMA Taruna Nusantara tahun pelajaran 2008/2009 yang terdiri dari 8 kelas dengan jumlah siswa 245 siswa. Sampel berjumlah 122 siswa. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik uji matcing kelas mulai dari kelas XI-IA-1 sampai dengan XI-IA-8. Sebagai variabel bebas dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan pembelajaran (pembelajaran kooperatif melalui metode problem solving dan pemberian tugas). Untuk variabel atribut adalah kreativitas siswa. Variabel terikatnya adalah prestasi belajar fisika pada ranah kognitif dan afektif. Data penelitian untuk prestasi belajar kognitif diperoleh dengan menggunakan metode tes setelah siswa mengikuti pembelajaran dalammkompetensi dasar Gravitasi Bumi. Ranah afektif diperoleh dengan mengobservasi sikap siswa dalam mengikuti pelaaran di kelas serta kreativitas diperoleh dengan memberikan angket.Analisis data menggunakan teknik Analysis of Varian (Anava). Dari hasil analisis data didapat : 1)  Terdapat perbedaan pengaruh pembelajaran kooperatif yang menggunakan metode problem solving dan pembelajaran kooperatif dengan metode pemberian tugas terhadap prestasi belajar fisika pada pengajaran gravitasi bumi yang memiliki taraf signifikansi 0,05 (p = 0,085).  2)  Tidak terdapat perbedaan pengaruh tingkat kreativitas siswa tinggi, sedang dan kreativitas rendah terhadap prestasi belajar fisika. Hal ini dapat diamati melalui tes normalitas Anderson-Darling didapat masing-masing p-value diatas dari taraf signifikansi (p > 0,05) baik metode problem solving maupun metode pemberian tugas untuk masing-masing tingkat kreativitasnya. 3)  Tidak terdapat interaksi antara metode problem solving dan metode pemberian tugas dengan kreativitas siswa terhadap prestasi belajar fisika pada  kompetensi dasar gravitasi bumi pada taraf signifikansi 0,05. Kata Kunci : pembelajaran kooperatif, metode problem solving, metode pemberian tugas,kreativitas siswa.
Catamenial epilepsy Harsono, Harsono
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 34, No 01 (2002)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

The true frequency of menstrually related seizures (catamenial epilepsy) is unclear. This is due in part to the fact that at present there is no universally accepted definition of this entity. Because of such arbitrary definition, a variety of therapeutic strategies for controlling seizures related to hormonal fluctuations have been recommended. With respect to the uncertainty of catamenial epilepsy criteria, the principles of physiologic changes related to hormonal fluctuations in women with epilepsy should be understood. Based on the knowledge of hormonal changes and characteristics of epilepsy, a detailed history taking should be carried out properly. This strategy will be useful for establishing diagnosis and planning appropriate treatment.Keywords: catamenial epilepsy - definition - seizure - therapeutic strategy - hormonal fluctuations.
Therapy of epilepsy Harsono, Harsono
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 27, No 02 (1995)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Effective treatment of epilepsy requires accurate diagnosis. This relies heavily on proper identification of seizure type. Successful drug therapy requires a proper understanding of medication half-life and indications.Accurate diagnosis cannot be established easily since diagnosis of epilepsy relies on history taking and most of the patients do not show any clinical abnormality. Furthermore, diagnosis of epilepsy needs details of seizure type. This may be more difficult to be identified because information on the patients/their relatives are insufficient. Meanwhile, problems related to anti-epileptic drugs comprise poor understanding of the drugs, anticonvulsant interactions, development of adverse drug reactions, boring and poor compliance in taking medicine. Continuing medical education is one of the methods to solve the problems.Psychosocial conditions may interfere the treatment. In addition, any physician who cares epileptic patients should have comprehensive understanding of the patients condition including his/her family. On the other hand, the patients and/or their relatives should have proper information concerning the diagnosis, therapy, and prognosis of epilepsy.Health Centers, particularly ,in the rural areas, should have sufficient competence to manage epileptic patients. Good referral system will improve the competence and the patients will get some advantages.Key words: epilepsy - correct diagnosis - continuing medical education - psychosocial conditions - health center 
Epilepsi refrakter Harsono, Harsono
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 28, No 03 (1996)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

In most patients with epilepsy the prognosis for seizure control is very good. However, about 10-20% of patients develop chronic or refractory epilepsy despite the advent of new antiepileptic drugs and intensive monitoring. Meanwhile, the definition of refractory or intractable epilepsy may vary, and a correct diagnostic work-up is of the utmost importance for the choice of treatment. Refractory epilepsy represents a challenge for both experimental and clinical research to obtain knowledge about why and how it develops and whether the condition can be prevented by early and adequate treatment. Definitions and epidemiology, experimental models, diagnostic evaluation, consequences, risk and costs, medical management, neurosurgery, and vagus stimulation are all important elements in managing refractory epilepsy. When dealing with therapy-resistant patients, a systemic step-by-step evaluation is essential. This includes: diagnosis, seizure/syndrome classification, aetiological considerations, review of drug treatment hitherto given, and evaluation of significant learning and psychosocial problems.Key words : refractory epilepsy - seizure - diagnostic evaluation - medical management - aetiological consideration
Management of epilepsy in elderly Harsono, Harsono
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol 12, No 1 (2003): January-March
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (168.865 KB) | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v12i1.88

Abstract

Management of epilepsy in elderly requires understanding the unique biochemical and pharmacological characteristics of these patients. Management decisions must be based on accurate classification of seizures or epilepsy syndromes, a thorough neurological assessment to define etiology, and a comprehensive assessment of the patient’s health and living situation. Concomitant illnesses such as neurological, psychiatric, metabolic, or cardiac disorders will require individualization of plans and instructions. Specific problems of treatment of epilepsy in the elderly compared to childhood patients are as follows: distinctive range of causes of epilepsy, distinctive differential diagnosis, concurrent pathologies unrelated to epilepsy, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic differences, and distinctive psychosocial effects. (Med J Indones 2003; 12: 40-7) Keywords:  epilepsy, elderly, management, concomitant illness, pharmacokinetic
Prognosis Epilepsi Harsono, Harsono
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 30, No 03 (1998)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Prognosis is defined as the chance of recovery from a certain condition. Strictly, in epilepsy this means the chance of terminal remission once a patient has established a pattern of recurrent epileptic seizures. Questions concerning duration of treatment and long-term prognosis in childhood epilepsy are often raised by parents whose children are starting therapy with antiepileptic drugs. Many studies have focused on those issues and have examined the risk factors for poor prognosis as well as the risk of recurrence of seizures. The wide variation found in the risk of recurrence among those who have had a first seizure seems to be explained by differences In study design or differences in the characteristics of the study groups. In addition, the study of the prognosis of epilepsy has been confounded because of the fact that epilepsy is an expression of so many different underlying etiologies and syndromes.Prognosis of epilepsy should be informed clearly to the patients and/or parents. The clear information will improve the patient compliance in taking medication for a long time.Key Words : prognosis of epilepsy - remission - antiepileptic drugs - risk factors - recurrent epileptic seizures
Multiple Sclerosis in the Tropics: four Additional Cases Harsono, Harsono
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 22, No 02 (1990)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Multiple sclerosis merupakan penyakit yang bersifat kronis progresif, yang dalam perjalanan kliniknya dicirikan oleh sifat yang khas, yaitu remisi dan eksaserbasi. Sampai dengan saat ini multiple sclerosis masih dianggap sebagai suatu penyakit auto-imun atau suatu penyaldtyang disebabkan oleh infeksi virus.Prevalensi multiple sclerosis di Indonesia belum diketahui. Pada umumnya prevalensi multiple sclerosis di negara-negara Asia sangatrendah, kurang dari 5 per 100 000; bahkan ada anggapan bahwa multiple sclerosis tidak diremukan di negara tropic.Dilaporkan empat kasus multiple sclerosis yang ditemukan di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta dalam kurun waktu 9 tahun terakhir. Di Indonesia laporan kasus ini merupakan laporan yang kedua. Pada tahun 1987 untuk pertama kali telah dilaporkan 3 kasus multiple sclerosis yang dirawat di RSUP Dr. Soetomo, Surabaya.Key Words: multiple sclerosis - atuoimmune disease - echovirus type II - latitude and disease -Schumacher criteria
Post-traumatic syndrome Harsono, Harsono
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 25, No 01 (1993)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Post-traumatic syndrome is a constellation of symptoms that developed in a person usually following a relatively minor head injury. It can grossly in capacitating for the patient and can develop a chronicity that makes it almost a change in personality. The commonest symptoms are headache, and dizziness; but impairment of sleep, decreased concentration and libido, anxiety, depression, irritability and sensitivity to noise are also seen.The cause of the syndrome is a ,contentious issue. The question whether it is primarily of psychological or organic origin remains unanswered in many cases. Organic or phychogenic, each symptom by itself is of little consequence, but in combination they may be disabling enough to prevent useful employment. Furthennore, the development of the syndrome of any head injury is not easy to be predicted.Key Words: post-traumatic syndrome headache neurotic personality depression amnesia
Stroke rehabilitation Harsono, Harsono
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 26, No 01 (1994)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Patients with stroke, particularly during the hours following the acute episode, are in evolution, undergo various stages of pathophysiological readjustment. The brain lesion plays an important role in this process. In addition to affecting the central nervous system function, it keeps a close pathophysiological relationship with the respiratory system, the circulatory system, and all systems that participate in keeping the internal milieu in balance. These systems are often altered secondary to the brain lesion, but in other cases they are directly or indirectly responsible for the brain lesion or are worsening.The pathophysiological interrelation in all seriously ill or potentially seriously ill patients is of great importance, and of course, the same is true in stroke patient. Hence management is required that the treatment should be integrated and not divided by systems or according to the various medical specialties. The importance of comprehensive rehabilitation for the stroke patients with complex physical, psychic and social problems should be underlined. Medical, social, psychological and vocational measures must start early. They must be coordinated and usually applied more or less simultaneously.Key Words: stroke- internal milieu-medical specialty-management of treatment- comprehensive rehabilitation
Seizure threshold, hormones and anti epileptic drugs Harsono, Harsono
Universa Medicina Vol 27, No 1 (2008)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2008.v27.18-28

Abstract

The concept of seizure threshold holds that everyone has a certain balance between excitatory and inhibitory forces in the brain. A low seizure threshold makes it easier for epilepsy to develop and easier for someone to elicit single seizure. The opposing effects of estrogen (proconvulsant) and progesterone (anticonvulsant) on seizure threshold have been noted in animal and human studies. Estrogen has been shown to lower the seizure threshold. In contrast to estrogen, several studies have confirmed the anticonvulsive effects of progesterone and its metabolite. Anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) are used to prevent or interrupt seizures. Limitation of sustained repetitive neuronal firing via blockade of voltage-dependent sodium channels, enhancement of GABA-mediated inhibition, and blockade of glutamatergic excitatory neurotransmission are the mechanisms of anti-epileptic drugs in preventing seizures. AEDs that induce hepatic cytochrome (CY) P450 enzymes can increase the metabolism of sex hormones and make hormonal contraception ineffective. In addition, AEDs may even increase seizure frequency or severity or change the seizure type.
Co-Authors , Rahima Br Purba - FACHRURROZIE Abd. Syakur Achmad Fathoni, Achmad Agus Efendi Agus Sunaryo Agus Supriyoko Ahmad Asmedi Ahmad Nurkhin Ali Musyafa Ali, Qudsi Amalia, Laili Ambawani, Cettra Shandilia Latunusa Amin Husni Amin Suyitno Amirul Mukminin Andi Rahmadiansah Andriani Chondro Retno Andriyani, Santi Anggoro Pudyastowo, Purbo Anjarani, Devie Reztia Aris Catur Bintoro Ashiddiqi, Muhammad Roy Asiati, Diah Isnaini Asrori Asrori Asyari, Muhammad Khamim Bakhtiar, Yuriz Bambang Ikwanto Bambang Sumardjoko Budi Murtiyasa Chairul Anam, Chairul Chairul Imron, Chairul Choiriyah Choiriyah Choiriyah Widyasari Choirul Anam AM Diponegoro Citra, Dela Kurniawati Daniel Yudistya Wardhana, Daniel Yudistya Deswijaya, Adi Deswijaya, R Adi Deswijaya, R.Adi Dwi Ristina Efi Miftah Faridli, Efi Efi Miftah Faridli, Efi Miftah Endang Fauziati Fahma, Naomi Fajriyah, Desi Susanti Fauzati, Endang Fauziyati, Endang Gumgum Gumilar Hafsi, Ainur Rofiq Hapsari, Pradnya Paramita Hargianti Dini Iswandari Harun Joko Prayitno Haryanto, Loo Haryono Umar Heri Susanto Hesti Hesti Hudaningrum, Laila Puji Husni Mubarok Husni Mubarok Imam Abadi Imam Suyitno Indaryanti, Rosita Budi Iswandhari, Hargianti Dini Iwan Setiawan Jarot Tri Bowo Santoso Joko Pratomo, Joko Karlowe, Vega Karyaningsih, Karyaningsih Kusmiati, Eti Endang Kusubakti Andajani Kusuma, Anton Adi Suryo Kusuma, Thitha Meista Mulya Kusumaningrum, Hanifah Kusyairi, Kusyairi Laili Etika Rahmawati Leli Saptawati M. Ikhsan Mahmud Alpusari Markhamah Masduki Masduki Masfufatun Masfufatun Mashuri, Yusuf Ari Michael Reskiantio Pabubung Minsih Misbahul Munir Muhammad Fahmi Johan Syah Muhammad Musiyam, Muhammad Muhammad Thohar Arifin Mulyono Mulyono Murfiah Dewi Wulandari Mustari, Hasanuddin Nina Sofiana Noorwandani, Yasinta Arizona Norhalimah, Norhalimah Nur Cholidah, Nur Nurjanah, Dheananda Larasyati Nurpeni Priyatiningsih Nuryati Nuryati Oktavia, Yunaini Istivani Pardyatmoko , Pardyatmoko Pardyatmoko, Pardyatmoko Pidekso Adi Pradiptakirana, Riska Pradnya Paramita Hapsari Priyatiningsih, Nurpeni Putri, Listi Septiana Avita R. Sapto Hendri Boedi Soesatyo Raafi’u, Brian Raji, Moh Raji, Moh. Rinayati Rinayati Riskiyah, Rina Rizkiana, Ajeng Rusinta, Arfiena Sabar Narimo Saifudin, Muhammad Fakhri Sapto Mei Budiyanto, Sapto Mei Sartini Sartini Sawitri Sawitri Setianingtias, Regina Putri Shofiyuddin, Muh. Sigit Haryanto Sigit Haryanto Siti Safaria Slamet . Soeharyo Hadisaputro Soemardjoko, Bambang Solly Aryza Sri Suparti Subagyo, Roni Agus Sugiharto, Sigit Sulaimi, Ariefina Irfania SURYAWATI, BETTY SUSI LESTARI Sutama Suyatmi Suyatmi Suyatmini Suyatmini Tafrilyanto, Chairul Fajar Tita Hariyanti Titik Harsiati Tjaya, Abu Tri Marfiyanto Tri Maryati, Tri Tri Widiatmi Utami, Rahayu Siwi Welda Mudiar Widartiningsih, Widartiningsih Widha Sunarno Widianingrum, Nabilla Ayu Wirawati, Maulidta Karunianingtyas wiwin kurniyanti Wulandari, Herlina Tri Wulandari, Wiwin Yayi S Prabandari Yuliarsih Yuliarsih, Yuliarsih ZAHRO, NURUL HIDAYATI Zainal Muttaqin Zariul Antosa