Defense and National Security

This thesis analyses how the European Union’s security discourse on Türkiye has evolved between 2017 and 2025. The challenges of migration policies, transatlantic uncertainty under Donald Trump, and the Russia–Ukraine war have intensified debates within the Union on strategic and security autonomy, raising new questions about cooperation with regional powers
such as Türkiye in sharper focus. As a North Atlantic Treaty Organisation member with significant military capacities, a candidate country for European Union membership, and a key regional power, Türkiye has become both indispensable and contentious. Using thematic analysis of speeches by German Chancellors, the French President and EU High Representatives, interpreted through neorealist concepts, the study demonstrates how shifting global dynamics have shaped the EU’s perception of Türkiye and asks whether, despite the suspension of accession talks, the country can function as a multidimensional strategic partner for Europe.

The full-scale Russian invasion of Ukraine on February 24, 2022, marked a seismic shift in European security architecture, shattering the post-Cold War illusion of continental stability. What began as a brazen act of aggression against a sovereign neighbor quickly escalated into a protracted war of attrition, testing the resolve of NATO and its European members. From the outset, the Alliance—led by its transatlantic core but increasingly shouldered by its European flank—responded with an unprecedented surge in military assistance to Ukraine. This support, totaling over €132 billion in combined military, financial, and humanitarian aid from European sources by December 2024, has been instrumental in blunting Russia's initial advances and enabling Ukrainian forces to reclaim significant territory.

A manutenção da soberania e influência sobre a Zona de Paz e Cooperação do Atlântico Sul (ZOPACAS) vem sendo um assunto cada vez mais abordado na política brasileira, em especial nas Forças Armadas e pela Marinha do Brasil. Isso se deve devido à necessidade da projeção da Política Externa brasileira sobre seu entorno estratégico e para garantir a desnuclearização do Atlântico Sul, tema que se tornou parte da estratégia do Brasil. Portanto, o presente capítulo busca por meio de uma pesquisa exploratória e bibliográfica, analisar a maneira como a Marinha do Brasil, por meio da Diplomacia de Defesa, atua na ZOPACAS, de maneira que venha promover a cooperação no ambiente internacional e, ao mesmo tempo, promover sua projeção sobre a região, que, nos últimos tempos, vem ganhando a atenção de outras potências, tendo em vista que esse território é rico em biodiversidade, minérios, entre outros ativos. Conclui-se que a projeção da Política Externa Brasileira na ZOPACAS promove a manutenção e cooperação entre o setor militar brasileiro e de países vizinhos, em favor da troca e o desenvolvimento de tecnologia, e a
parceria com os exercícios militares conjuntos, assim fomentando a amizade entre as nações circundantes da zona, e mantendo como objetivo principal a proteção da região e sua desnuclearização.

This study explored the evolving landscape of Philippine maritime security through the lens of Executive Order No. 70, which institutionalizes the Whole-of-Nation Approach (WONA) to national security. As an archipelagic state with extensive maritime boundaries, the Philippines faced complex internal and external threats, particularly in the West Philippine Sea. Drawing on historical and structural analysis, the research examined the role of the state in shaping maritime defense strategies, the effectiveness of inter-agency coordination, and the integration of civil society and private sector actors. The study employed a mixed-methods design, combining documentary analysis, key informant interviews, and focus group discussions. Findings revealed that while WONA offers a promising framework for inclusive governance and strategic resilience, its implementation was hindered by bureaucratic fragmentation, resource constraints, and geopolitical pressures. The paper concluded with policy recommendations aimed at enhancing institutional capacity, fostering regional cooperation, and aligning maritime security with socioeconomic development goals.

The blue economy has gained prominence in academic and policy debates since 2012, contributing approximately US$300 billion to Africa in 2018, with projections of US$405 billion by 2030. Nigeria's blue economy is strategically linked to the Gulf of Guinea, but security threats such as piracy, smuggling, terrorism, and IUU fishing hinder its growth. While Nigeria's development approach focuses on policies and domestic initiatives, the role of diplomacy in enhancing security and maximizing economic benefits remains largely overlooked. This paper examines Nigeria's maritime diplomacy in enhancing security in the Gulf of Guinea and advancing the nation's blue economy. We used an interpretive and pragmatist research philosophy to design this case study research. We used secondary data that was analysed using content analysis. We found that Nigeria's blue economy strategy is largely focused on offshore oil and gas production and shipping. Nigeria's maritime diplomacy is conducted on both bilateral and multilateral levels and has achieved limited success. This is largely due to the absence of the strategic involvement of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MFA) to use its diplomatic expertise and networks to achieve Nigeria's maritime interests. We recommend that the MFA should be given greater participation in Nigeria's blue economy development strategy.

This research presents the development of a next-generation unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) designed for highaltitude, long-endurance missions with advanced stealth capabilities. The UAV features a highly aerodynamic delta-wing configuration optimized to minimize drag and maximize lift, enabling efficient flight at high suborbital altitudes. Its smooth, streamlined structure is further enhanced by a pixelated blue digital camouflage pattern that reduces visual and radar cross-section signatures, making it ideal for reconnaissance, strategic surveillance, and precision operations in contested airspace. Advanced composite materials and integrated surface technologies contribute to its lightweight construction and superior thermal resistance. The design prioritizes aerodynamic efficiency, stealth performance, and autonomous navigation, representing a significant step forward in UAV innovation. This platform exemplifies the future of unmanned flight, merging cutting-edge aerodynamics, stealth engineering, and adaptive design for multi-mission versatility across military and scientific applications.

Однос између политичких странака и/или партијског система, као
подсистема политичког система, и васпитања и образовања је комплексан и
испреплетен. И политичке странке и/или партијски систем, као и васпитање
и образовање, подсистеми су друштвеног система. Имају исти објект 
дјеловања, а то су: појединац, његова личност и развој и социјални и
изборни систем. 
Однос између политичких партија и/или партијског система и
васпитања и образовања, може се тумачити са два аспекта. 
Први је онај у коме су политичке партије и/или партијски систем
домен васпитања и образовања, а други је онај гдје је васпитање, као и
образовање домен политике, односно политичких партија и/или партијског
система, као подсистема политичког система. Први, у коме су политичке
партије, односно партијски систем домен васпитања и образовања односи
се превасходно на знање (као темељну људску вриједност): процес стицања
и проширивања знања о политици, политичким партијама и партијском
систему. Васпитање у свим доменима посматра се као посредник између
индивидуа, политике, политичких партија и партијског система. Тумачи се
и као трансмисона сила, између политике, политичких партија и/или
партијског система и личности. Без васпитања, а нарочито образовања
знања из политике, политичких партија и партијског система остала би
недоступна појединцу. Индивидуа би остала политички неписмена. Гдје се
стичу знања о политици, политичким партијама и партијском систему?
Стичу се у школи. Дакле, организовано. Дужност школе је да појединце и
групе упозна са научним сазнањима из политике, политичких партија и
партијског система и да им помогне да развију критичко политичко
мишљење способно да разликује: стварно и немогуће, политичко и
неполитичко, демократско и недемократско. Млади појединци би се морали
упознати са чињеницом да су политичке странке најрелевантнији
појединачни инструменти који претварају социјалну и сваку другу моћ у
политичку моћ. Политичке партије се посматрају и као средство за освајање
власти у васпитаном и образованом друштву и држави, али и као средство
за одржавање на власти. Политичке партије су медијатор између:
васпитаних и образованих појединаца-грађана и политичке државе. 
Други аспект, гдје је васпитање, па и образовање домен политике,
односно политичких партија и партијског система тиче се политике
васпитања. Као синоними за политику васпитања, у савременом тренутку
користе се концепти, као што су: васпитна политика, образовна политика
и/или просвјетна политика. Политика васпитања се дефинише као
цјелокупност свих односа и облика којима се луцидно усмјерава развој
васпитања, па и образовања, са свим оним што они имплицирају, а који је у
интересу никог другог но индивидуа, политичког, партијског система и
друштвеног система у цјелини. Циљ је политике васпитања да се реализују
одређени политички циљеви у домену васпитања.

The power struggle scenario between the United States and China has become an increasingly central topic in discussions related to defense issues around the world. Both countries understand cyberspace as a new environment for power projection, essential in the dynamics of contemporary conflict and, therefore, have sought to develop their respective cyber and technological capabilities. Given the fundamental role of semiconductors in the development and operation of devices, systems and even critical infrastructures, in recent years, the US has started, through economic sanctions, to restrict the access of Chinese companies to these assets manufactured from the use of American technologies. China, in turn, has responded to these sanctions, leading to a scenario interpreted as a technological war between these powers that, as they concentrate a considerable part of the economy and global power, have generated consequences for other actors in the international system. Considering this situation, this article asks: how do disputes between China and the United States in the field of semiconductors impact defense issues in the international system? Therefore, the objective is to discuss the consequences of the Sino-American technological war on bilateral relations between these countries and on the international system. The hypothesis raised in this research is that this dispute deteriorates the already fragile Sino-American bilateral relations and causes an increase in insecurity in the international system, causing defense issues to become increasingly central in the international system, mainly in the sphere of cyber defense and of the new technologies associated with it. This research will be developed using a qualitative approach, developed using official documents and secondary bibliographies.

Elencar as ameaças não convencionais dentre a Segurança Nacional pode trazer para o centro do debate o aspecto da segurança humana. Destarte, elencar, dentro dos documentos oficiais de Defesa os aspectos não convencionais colocarão, dentro da realidade de Segurança e Defesa Nacional os desafios intrínsecos internos que devam ser superados pelo Brasil. Dentre esses elementos não convencionais, destaca-se a importância da Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional (SAN). O alcançar um nível de Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional satisfatório constitui objetivo primordial de algumas nações, e deve ser levada em consideração em aspectos de Segurança Nacional. O estabelecimento de políticas públicas para esse direcionamento é perceptível em várias nações, bem como no Brasil. Contudo, ainda que seja de fundamental importância para a coesão interna, a SAN não é trabalhada, nos documentos oficiais, enquanto fator relevante para a Segurança Nacional. Nesse sentido, o atual trabalho busca discutir os caminhos e os fluxos para que a contraparte da SAN, a Insegurança Alimentar e Nutricional, seja considerada uma ameaça à Segurança Nacional, contida no espectro das ameaças não convencionais. O problema a ser inquirido é: de que maneira a insegurança alimentar e nutricional pode ser tratada enquanto ameaça à segurança nacional? O objetivo geral do trabalho é compreender a insegurança alimentar e nutricional enquanto ameaça não convencional à segurança nacional. Por objetivos específicos, busca-se conceituar a SAN e sua contraparte, bem como discutir a importância de considerar a SAN nos documentos oficiais. A metodologia de análise será a hipotético-dedutiva, em que serão analisados os documentos oficiais, bem como trazer para a discussão produção científica relevante sobre a temática de ameaças não convencionais, aplicando a insegurança alimentar e nutricional nesse espectro. Dentre os principais resultados obtidos estão o fato de que os documentos oficiais do Brasil não consideram o espectro das ameaças não convencionais nas suas análises, bem como negligenciam o papel dado ao controle de estoque de alimentos e da Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional como objetivos da Defesa Nacional, em desacordo com o que pensam outros países, como os Estados Unidos. Nesse sentido, propõe-se um aprofundamento da discussão acerca de tais ameaças, abarcar a concepção de segurança humana, bem como o reconhecimento da SAN como objetivo, também, de Defesa Nacional.

This article examines the theoretical foundations and optimization methods of logistic
supply chain management in the Armed Forces of Azerbaijan. It highlights the decisive role of
logistics in modern warfare by analyzing lessons from recent conflicts and comparing military and
commercial supply chains. The study emphasizes the importance of transport logistics systems and
explores mathematical and algorithmic approaches including Mixed Integer Linear Programming
(MILP), simulation models and game theoretic methods for enhancing efficiency, resilience and
flexibility. Comparative analysis with international practices, particularly NATO standards and
Industry 4.0 applications, reveals both strengths and areas for improvement in Azerbaijan’s
logistics model. The findings suggest that integrating scientific optimization methods and advanced
technologies into logistic support systems can significantly strengthen combat readiness, ensure
sustainable supply and improve resource utilization in both wartime and peacetime contexts.

A chamada Hegemonia Dissociada possibilita a alguns Estados engendrarem mecanismos de contestação as políticas estadunidenses no contexto global a partir da esfera econômica. Dessa forma, o cenário mundial nesses dez primeiros anos que se seguiram no século XXI parecia estar cada vez mais desvantajoso para o governo norte-americano, que passou assim, a assumir cada vez mais sua posição de potência regional, empregando ações relacionadas ao contexto da "guerra preventiva", estratégia militar que, provavelmente, pode estar associada à disputa pela hegemonia mundial e que coloca a América Latina, sobretudo, a América do Sul, na direção de sujeitos externos.

Este artigo tem por objectivo analisar os actos terroristas enquanto fenómenos mediáticos e reflectir como deverá ser delineada a cobertura jornalística deste tipo de acontecimentos. A ideia passa por encontrar uma forma de actuação de modo a que os media não sejam usados como meras plataformas de divulgação dos objectivos das organizações terroristas. Em contrapartida, cumpre-lhes o dever de informar a opinião pública sobre estas acções, desde as consequências, à identificação dos autores, até ao acompanhamento da actuação das autoridades. Neste contexto, são analisadas três grandes acções terroristas do início do século XXI -o 11 de Setembro, em Nova Iorque e Washington; o 11 de Março, em Madrid; e o 7 de Julho, em Londres -que mereceram coberturas mediáticas completamente diferentes.

La guerre n'est rien d'autre que la continuation de la politique d'Etat par d'autres moyens », souligne Clausewitz dans son célèbre De la Guerre (1832). Le phénomène-guerre se présente sous la forme d'une « étonnante trinité » dans laquelle le Gouvernement, le Commandement, et le Peuple, incarnent respectivement la Raison, l'Action, et la Passion, déclare le théoricien prussien, qui ajoute : « La théorie qui voudrait laisser [une de ces trois facettes] de côté, ou qui établirait entre elles un rapport arbitraire, se mettrait immédiatement dans une telle contradiction avec la réalité qu'il faudrait la considérer comme nulle pour cette seule raison. » 1

Considering the volatile political, economic and security present environment, the European Union is currently facing more challenges than ever before in its existence. In addition to the challenges deriving directly from its status as a political-economical union of states, the EU is facing increasingly serious security challenges. Some of these challenges are not new, such as those identified in the seminal document "A Secure Europe in a Better World' adopted by EU in 2010 (which singles out five key threats: terrorism, proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, regional conflicts, state failure, organized crime). Other security challenges have emerged more recently, such as illegal migration or the worsening of the relations with Russia. Although the nature of these challenges is related to security and defense, many of them have economic implications and it is the purpose of this paper to analyze the complex interactions between the security and the economic challenges faced by the EU, and also by the individual member countries.

Teses sobre o novo império e o cenário políticoestratégico mundial: os Estados unidos e o Brasil nas relações internacionais Paulo roberto de Almeida 15 Ajustes e desajustes do sistema sul-americano Thiago Gehre Galvão 18 Se Hayek conhecesse o "socialismo bolivariano"... Tiago Wolff Beckert 20 iraque: a emergência do conflito civil Virgílio Arraes 22 A atuação da comunidade internacional como um imperativo para a resolução da crise mundial de alimentos Wilson Tadashi muraki Junior 25 China e Índia -"Chindia": vasto espaço para a convivência entre diferentes culturas Paulo Antônio Pereira Pinto 28 Notas sobre a globalização da Amazônia Alberto Teixeira da Silva 31 Separatismo na Geórgia: considerações geopolíticas e etnicidades Adalgisa Bozi Soares 34 A áfrica na Política Externa Brasileira Diego Araujo Campos 36 Novo governo de Berlusconi: a questão da governabilidade e os desafios domésticos Diogo mamoru ide 39 Zimbábue: renovação ou caos Pio Penna Filho 41 Política externa e Soft Power: o papel da união Européia em Kosovo independente rafael da Soler 44 Sucessão presidencial em Cuba: a abertura "lenta, segura e gradual" de raúl Castro rodrigo Wiese randig 47 A crise tripartite: entre revitalização do multilateralismo e regionalização da questão das FArC Pablo P. Sampedro romero 51 Cambio con continuidad o continuidad sin cambio: um balanço dos 150 dias de governo de Cristina Kirchner

El objetivo central de este artículo es discutir el papel de las fuerzas armadas en el continente latinoamericano en el siglo XXI y, especialmente, si la idea de reducir las fuerzas armadas a auxiliares o complementarias de las policiales (lo que defino como "policización" de las mismas) es viable y deseable frente a la persistencia, al menos potencial, de las amenazas externas,

Teses sobre o novo império e o cenário políticoestratégico mundial: os Estados unidos e o Brasil nas relações internacionais Paulo roberto de Almeida 15 Ajustes e desajustes do sistema sul-americano Thiago Gehre Galvão 18 Se Hayek conhecesse o "socialismo bolivariano"... Tiago Wolff Beckert 20 iraque: a emergência do conflito civil Virgílio Arraes 22 A atuação da comunidade internacional como um imperativo para a resolução da crise mundial de alimentos Wilson Tadashi muraki Junior 25 China e Índia -"Chindia": vasto espaço para a convivência entre diferentes culturas Paulo Antônio Pereira Pinto 28 Notas sobre a globalização da Amazônia Alberto Teixeira da Silva 31 Separatismo na Geórgia: considerações geopolíticas e etnicidades Adalgisa Bozi Soares 34 A áfrica na Política Externa Brasileira Diego Araujo Campos 36 Novo governo de Berlusconi: a questão da governabilidade e os desafios domésticos Diogo mamoru ide 39 Zimbábue: renovação ou caos Pio Penna Filho 41 Política externa e Soft Power: o papel da união Européia em Kosovo independente rafael da Soler 44 Sucessão presidencial em Cuba: a abertura "lenta, segura e gradual" de raúl Castro rodrigo Wiese randig 47 A crise tripartite: entre revitalização do multilateralismo e regionalização da questão das FArC Pablo P. Sampedro romero 51 Cambio con continuidad o continuidad sin cambio: um balanço dos 150 dias de governo de Cristina Kirchner

The real contest for influence today is being fought in the arena of the technological substrate. This brief introduces the concept of the substrate, which encompasses both the physical hardware (fabs, chips, internet cables, data centres, etc.) and the invisible layers (routing protocols, operating systems, social media algorithms, technical standards, etc.) that keep modern societies running.

The concept of a “substrate” builds upon prior scholarship, such as Martin C. Libicki’s work, which treats cyberspace as a layered system. However, while Libicki focuses on military and cybersecurity implications, our framework expands the substrate to include domains that address broader geopolitical dynamics and outcomes related to sovereignty.

Y DESCRIPTORES El presente trabajo incluye como temática analizar modelos de integración regional, a efectos de determinar el modelo con probabilidad de éxito en materia de Seguridad y Defensa. Se busca implementar un Sistema de Seguridad Colectivo orientado al resguardo de los Recursos Naturales Estratégicos de Argentina y Brasil. Para ello se describen los organismos internacionales de cooperación como ser: la Organización del Tratado del Atlántico Norte, la Unión Europea Occidental y el Sistema de Seguridad Interamericano. Por otra parte se examinaron las Medidas de Confianza Mutua, y el Agua Dulce como Recurso Estratégico de la región, y también se estudio la cooperación como parte de la Estrategia Nacional de ambos países, para determinar la factibilidad de un modelo de seguridad colectivo con dirección estratégica defensiva. Se analizaron la Seguridad Cooperativa y la integración de Defensa y Militar bajo un sistema de Seguridad Regional. Desde allí, se obtienen conclusiones p...

Abstract
This study examines the Challenges of Implementing E-Government Initiatives for Service Delivery in Public Tertiary Institutions in Adamawa State, Nigeria. A survey research design was used and the sample population was drawn using the simple random sampling technique from some selected public tertiary institutions in Adamawa State. The data obtained from primary source were analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistical tools. The result from both the primary and secondary sources showed that: there is a relationship between the use of ICT and effective e-government implementation. The study concludes that inadequate IT infrastructure, is a challenge to e-government implementation. This study recommend that government should adequate and sustainable infrastructure for e-government. This will enhance implementation of e-government initiative.
Key Words: E-government, Service delivery, Tertiary Institutions, Adamawa State

The MOVES Institute at the Naval Postgraduate School performed an evaluation of Strike Group Defender (SGD) at the behest of Office of Naval Research. MOVES personnel applied science of learning principles to SGD to determine its potential use as a training tool for anti-ship missile defense. The results were positive, with SGD having many of the characteristics that produce effective training simulations and games. We recommend that SGD receive a full training effectiveness evaluation or transfer of training study to verify that SGD actually delivers the anticipated results.Dep PM for EW Programs, PMR 51 Office of Naval ResearchOffice of Naval Research (PMR-51).Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited

This paper examines the transformative role of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in contemporary military strategy, arguing that drones function not merely as tactical weapons but as sophisticated instruments of strategic signaling and posturing. Through comparative case study analysis of conflicts in the Middle East, Eastern Europe, and the Levant, this research identifies seven distinct typologies of drone posturing-floating, hiding, swarming, sacrificial, escalatory, defensive, and psychological-each serving unique strategic purposes in signaling intent, demonstrating capability, and shaping adversary perceptions. The analysis reveals that drone warfare fundamentally alters traditional deterrence dynamics by lowering the political costs of force employment while simultaneously creating new pathways for escalation and miscalculation. By examining operations conducted by the United States, Russia, Ukraine, Israel, Iran, Saudi Arabia, and non-state actors including the Houthis and Hezbollah, this paper demonstrates how both state and non-state actors leverage drones to navigate the grey zones between peace and war. The findings suggest that drones have created a new paradigm in strategic interaction where persistent surveillance, graduated escalation options, and psychological warfare converge to reshape the calculus of coercion and deterrence in the 21st century.

Este artigo tem como objeto a relação entre a doutrina militar e a política externa estadunidense durante a Guerra Fria, particularmente entre o final da Guerra do Vietnã (1973) e o final da Guerra Fria (1991). O artigo propõe-se a realizar uma análise do debate acerca da doutrina militar estadunidense no período delimitado. Bem como identificar as versões de 1976 e 1982 do manual de campanha de operações militares com as doutrinas de política externa da época. Interpreta-se a Defesa Ativa (1976) enquanto uma extensão da Doutrina Nixon e da détente. Da mesma forma, avalia-se a Batalha Aeroterrestre (1982) como uma volta dos EUA ao objetivo da reversão da URSS, posição encampada pela Doutrina Reagan.

This article aims to analyze the speech of V. V. Putin delivered during the Russian national holiday-Victory Day. The study was conducted on the basis of the properties of newspeak distinguished by Polish researchers. The term "newspeak" was clarified, under which we understand the language of power used for the purposes of political propaganda in a totalitarian or authoritarian system. Observations of researchers about the authoritarian nature of the political system of contemporary Russia, the ideological assumptions adopted by the authorities, as well as the basic goals of Russian propaganda were quoted. It has been shown that the speech of the current Russian president of May 9, 2022 contains characteristic features attributed to the communist variant of newspeak in the literature on the subject. The examined speech of V. V. Putin is a created construct subordinated to the ideological vision of reality and trying to achieve the well-known goals of Russian propaganda.

Military exercises are largely overlooked by scholars of international security, despite the fact that exercise planning, execution, and analysis represent a huge investment of any military's energy. Nonetheless, they offer the possibility of a rich research program about what states prioritize and how they adjudge their relationship to other state and non-state actors. We examine the role that multilateral maritime exercises (MMEs) play in the implementation of grand strategy in three regions-Europe, the Middle East, and the Indo-Pacific. Our central proposition is that as American policymak er s and military leader s ' perception of a strategic threat increases, the purpose, numbers, and participants in MMEs will change. MMEs will move from a focus on peacetime operations to those designed for military crisis response or management, or for preparation for war.

The contemporary grand strategy debate between deep engagement and restraint is inadequate both to contemporary geopolitical realities and to the strategies American presidents have actually pursued in recent decades. This updated typology of grand strategies sets the stage for a reinvigorated and more informed debate and research program.

The volume Exemplifying Contemporary Challenges in Global Politics and Societies addresses complex factors shaping today’s global environment. It examines how ideas, goods, and people circulate amid political fragmentation and societal shifts, while also addressing inequalities and the adjustments of traditional social structures in response to changing social conditions. Concerning the rise of populism and political polarization, the anthology explores the conditions and implications of these phe-nomena, linking them to historically dynamic processes characterized by disruptions, shifts, and continuities. The contributions provide examples of the evolving dynamics of global interconnectedness, analyzing its political and social ramifications. Drawing on the dynamics of migration, the book offers examples of the multifaceted nature of societal mobility and its impact on cultural assimilation experiences. It unpacks the complexities of social and political disruptions in an increasingly interconnected world, shedding light on the agency exercised by individuals.

The contribution of this volume lies in providing interdisciplinary analytical nuance into the currently challenged and re-signified globalization, outlining challenges of governance amidst increasing polarization, exemplifying the complexities of integra-tion and coalition-building against the erosion of democratic norms. By doing so, the contributions do not separate the matter from the idea, offering a comprehensive approach to global issues concisely.

em Relações Internacionais e Licenciada em Geografia, com cursos complementares em temas ligados à Sustentabilidade, Gestão Ambiental, Educação e Ciência Política. Experiências profissionais no setor privado (indústria química, agroindústria, comércio exterior e comercial), administração pública (transporte e logística) e acadêmico (ensino e gestão). Atuou como docente no ensino fundamental e médio com a disciplina de Geografia; e no ensino superior (presencial e EAD) nas graduações em Relações Internacionais, Turismo, Pedagogia, Geografia, Administração, Marketing, Secretariado. Na pós-graduação (presencial e EAD) nas especializações lato sensu 'História, Cultura e Sociedade' e 'Gestão Estratégica de Pessoas'; e no MBA "Gestão de Sustentabilidade". Na gestão acadêmica/administrativa atuou como coordenadora da graduação em Relações Internacionais e Comércio Exterior na Universidade de Ribeirão Preto (2009 a 2014).

The paper begins with a review of theoretical concepts including a conceptual delimitation of the terms Holistic management and sustainable development. Aim of the work is to emphasize the importance of the transition from an economy focused on obtaining maximum profits in a responsible economy, which prioritizes basic maintenance of ecological balance. Under these conditions, economics in general and particularly economic and financial analysis must fundamentally rethink traditional concepts of economic viability and profitability in the economy, by considering the fundamental causes capable of destroying ecosystem restoration capacity. The innovative character of such a theoretical-methodological approach is limited only by the possibility of implementation at the macroeconomic and microeconomic level. It is noteworthy, however, increasing research activities in this field of holistic management and sustainable development, literature study clearly reflects a new direction in the ...

This book explores the relationship between technology and warfare, by examining how recent technological advancements have revolutionized the conduct of war. The work analyses contemporary conflicts, including the Syrian civil war, the Taliban takeover in Afghanistan, and the ongoing war in Ukraine, but also by exploring future war scenarios and assessing the military capabilities of major powers. In doing so, the book highlights the dynamic and evolving nature of modern warfare. It goes beyond a simple examination of technological advancements, addressing the complexities of modern warfare, scrutinizing the strategies employed by states to adopt and develop military technologies, while emphasizing the importance of technology in shaping military planning, training, research, and innovation. The book provides a collection of timely contributions by leading scholars and practitioners in the military and security field. Furthermore, the contributors identify potential challenges and risks associated with the widespread adoption of technologies in warfare and propose recommendations for policymakers to address issues that relate to military planning and training, research and development, and resilience building. This book will be of much interest to students of security studies, technology studies, defence studies and International Relations.

El Decreto 575/2025 establece un nuevo régimen para la administración de bienes ilícitos recuperados, con foco en la transparencia, trazabilidad y justicia restaurativa. El Ministerio de Justicia asume el control central, supervisado por el Consejo de Bienes Recuperados, y se prioriza la reparación a víctimas. El modelo reemplaza al esquema de 2012, incorporando estándares OCDE/GAFI y fijando plazos judiciales precisos. Aunque representa un avance institucional, su eficacia dependerá de la implementación concreta y de evitar la concentración discrecional de poder.

This article examines the contested and evolving relevance of amphibious warfare in Southeast Asia, analysing its strategic articulation within ASEAN member states and the broader regional security discourse. Drawing on primary documents, defence white papers, and doctrinal texts, it investigates how states in the region justify, frame, and operationalise amphibious capabilities. The article argues that amphibious warfare in ASEAN has been discursively constructed not only as a tool for deterrence or military assertion but also as a flexible capability for humanitarian response, maritime security, and regional cooperation. Despite a shared normative framework under the ASEAN Political-Security Community, member states diverge significantly in their amphibious doctrines and strategic narratives. These variations reflect broader geopolitical tensions, especially those centred on the South China Sea, and demonstrate the tension between national defence priorities and ASEAN's commitment to regional stability. The article also considers the role of external partnerships, particularly with the United States and China, in shaping how amphibious capabilities are developed and perceived. It concludes that while amphibious warfare remains a critical military component for several ASEAN states, its long-term strategic value will depend on whether it is integrated into a cooperative framework or becomes another vector for regional competition.

califican Bueno, cuatro Regular y dos Malo. La evaluación del Proceso, da como resultado, 74.7% y una calificación Regular. La Evaluación de resultados permite ver una asociación no lineal, entre aspectos de la organización, su accesibilidad, los procesos de atención, la participación y la satisfacción por el servicio recibido. Conclusiones: La calidad de atención del Centro requiere fortalecimiento, decisión política, apoyo técnico y estrategias de inserción comunitaria.

The Black Nightmare Bombardier UAV MAR-X8 is an advanced unmanned aerial vehicle engineered for high-impact military operations across multiple combat environments. Built with cutting-edge stealth design, AI-based targeting systems, and hybrid propulsion technology, the MAR-X8 delivers superior performance in long-range strategic missions and precision strikes. Its modular architecture allows for dynamic weapon system integration, electronic warfare resilience, and enhanced maneuverability. As the latest evolution in the Black Nightmare series, the MAR-X8 sets a new standard in unmanned warfare by combining next-level autonomy, multidimensional mobility, and unmatched battlefield intelligence capabilities. This UAV is a decisive force multiplier, designed to dominate future combat scenarios with speed, precision, and adaptability.

In this essay I have highlighted a number of areas that are of concern
and give us reason to remain vigilant and prepared to act quickly, collectively
and clearly - and always with consideration of the core values
of democracy, which it is our joint task to protect. However, there are
also positive things that are worth pointing out. Swedish democracy
stands up strongly in international comparisons. We have begun the rebuilding
of our total defense and we as a nation are very united behind
the idea that imperialist powers do not have the right to create spheres
of interest and attack neighboring countries in violation of international
law. We also stand united behind the effort to give Ukraine the support
it needs. By joining NATO, we stand stronger together with others in a
defense alliance, whose effect is deterrent and thus peacekeeping. The
international cooperation to create democratic resilience and to counteract
information threats is continuously strengthened. Within the EU,
the term FIMI (Foreign Information Manipulation and Interference) has
been established which provides a good framework and starting point
for continued work. In recent years we have seen a markedly increased
public awareness of how information can be used as a weapon even in
peacetime. Of course, we are by no means finished. This is work that we
need to continue - together and continuously - to create resilience and
the ability to protect our open democratic society, the free formation of
opinions and Sweden’s freedom and independence.

The rapid proliferation of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) has introduced both opportunities and challenges within the European Union. This research paper examines the dual aspects of drone utilization in the EU, focusing on security threats posed by unauthorized drone incursions and regulatory frameworks designed to ensure safe integration into civilian airspace. Drawing from recent incidents in 2025, including drone disruptions at airports in Denmark and Norway, the analysis highlights how these events-often linked to hybrid warfare tactics-underscore vulnerabilities in critical infrastructure. The European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) has implemented a comprehensive riskbased regulatory system since 2021, with 2025 updates emphasizing harmonized rules across member states, including drone classifications, registration requirements, and operational restrictions. This framework aims to foster innovation in sectors such as agriculture, delivery services, and surveillance while mitigating associated risks. Through comparative analysis, the paper contrasts EU approaches with those of the United States Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and China's regulatory models, revealing differences in emphasis on privacy protection, security priorities, and commercial growth strategies. The study employs a mixed-method approach, incorporating data from official EASA reports, NATO statements, and public sentiment analyses. Findings indicate that while EU regulations provide a robust foundation for safe drone operations, gaps in counter-unmanned aircraft system (C-UAS) capabilities persist, necessitating enhanced coordination between civilian and military responses. Recommendations include development of unified detection systems along eastern borders, increased investments in C-UAS technologies, and streamlined crossjurisdictional protocols. This paper argues for a balanced strategy that safeguards security without impeding technological advancement, contributing to scholarly discourse on aviation policy and international relations in an era of asymmetric threats.

Research objective: This article presents the cooperation and collaboration between the Municipal Guard and selected public security and order services based on normative documents and organizational practice. Methodology: The research was conducted using the method of legal document analysis (formal-legal analysis), review of operational documents, and functional comparisons between the services. Main Findinds: The cooperation of the Municipal Guard with other services is legally grounded, effective, and mutually complementary-especially in the areas of public order and crisis management. Application of the study: The findings may be used by local governments, public order authorities, and institutions responsible for shaping internal security policy to optimize local strategies for inter-agency cooperation. Originality/Novelty of the study: This study provides a comprehensive analysis of legal acts and collaboration regulations involving the Municipal Guard and nearly all major security services-an approach that has not yet been extensively explored in a single publication.

The family, as the basic environment of human life, plays a key role in the educational process and building social bonds. In the military context, this role is shaped by unique challenges such as deployment, relocation, and operational stress. The quality of the functions performed by the family has a significant impact on

Proyecto de Ley que regula el funcionamiento del Fondo Federal para la formación y capacitación del personal de la Marina Mercante. La propuesta establece donde se obtienen los recursos y el destino de estos, especialmente para mejorar las instalaciones, material didáctico, capacitación para docentes y un régimen de becas para el personal de alumnos.  Asimismo, el proyecto abarca aspectos vinculadas a la creación de una Reserva Naval, cambios en materia académica, etc.

One of the primary responsibilities of a Certified TEMPEST Technician is to identify and mitigate vulnerabilities in equipment that emits electromagnetic signals. These emissions, if intercepted, could reveal confidential data, including keyboard inputs, video output, or audio signals. Learn more in Certified TEMPEST Technician Training by Tonex.

View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk provided by FHS Brage 2-2015 Oberst Gjert Lage Dyndal er avdelingssjef for «Militaermakt, strategi og doktrine» ved Forsvarets stabsskole. Han jobbet før det som ledende forsker og prosjektleder innen arktisk teknologiutvikling i Statoil. Han har tidligere vaert hovedlaerer i luftmakt-og teknologistudier og dekan ved Luftkrigsskolen i Trondheim. Dyndal har i tillegg til militaer utdannelse sivil M.Phil. i krigsstudier og Ph.D. i moderne historie fra Centre for War Studies, University of Glasgow. Blant publikasjonene hans finner vi fire fagbøker, hvorav Land-based Airpower or Aicraft Carriers?(London: Ashgate, 2012) er den viktigste til dette tema. Han har utgitt flere fagartikler og bokkapitler innen sikkerhetspolitikk, strategi og teknologiutvikling. Dyndal leder per tiden et prosjekt om "droner og robotisert krig" ved Forsvarets stabsskole, som etter planen vil ende med en større bokutgivelse høsten 2015. Det prosjektet går i dybden på de mange trender og utfordringer som løftes frem i dette temaheftet.

This paper offers a field-informed framework for drafting the National Security Strategy (NSS) of the United States. Drawing on two decades of experience advising U.S. missions in Iraq and Afghanistan, the author outlines four imperatives for producing an NSS that reflects presidential intent, withstands institutional friction, and translates vision into executable policy. The paper emphasizes doctrinal clarity, disciplined authorship, structured flexibility, and strategic discretion-arguing that the NSS must function as a living guide rather than a rigid prescription. A thematic parallel to constitutional interpretation is introduced to reinforce the need for strategic adaptability in an era of geopolitical flux.

À tardinha em 9 de Maio de 2025, por acaso mas sintomaticamente ao som de Bach, ocorreu-me iniciar um diálogo com a inteligência artificial sobre o conceito de ideias médias de Raymond Boudon.  O estímulo adveio conjugadamente da data e turbulência narrativa sobre as comemorações a ocidente e a leste da Europa, do contexto vivencial do compositor no tempo do Sacro Império Romano-Germânico, e do facto de estar prestes a terminar de corrigir cerca de cento e trinta testes manuscritos de avaliação contínua da disciplina (agora tecnocraticamente chamada “unidade curricular”) de Geografia Humana que leccionava há cerca de dez anos aos estudantes do 2º ano da Licenciatura (agora tecnocraticamente chamada I Ciclo) em Relações Internacionais.