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The correlation between hs C-reactive protein and left ventricular mass in obese women Alwi, Idrus; Harun, S.; Sukmoko, Satrio; Soewondo, Pradana; Waspadji, Sarwono; Soegondo, Sidartawan
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol 15, No 2 (2006): April-June
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Plasma C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations are increased in obese individuals. In this study, we examined the correlation between hsCRP and left ventricular mass (LV mass). Fourty five healthy obese women and fourty five healthy non obese women as the controls group were studied by echocardiography and hsCRP. There was no significant correlation between hsCRP and left ventricular mass in obese women (r = 0.29, p 0.06). There was a significant correlation between hs CRP and body mass index (r = 0.46, p 0,002), and also hsCRP and visceral fat (r= 0.33, p 0.03). (Med J Indones 2006; 15:100-4)Â Keywords: hs C-reactive protein, LV mass, obese women

Prevalence, characteristics, and predictors of pre-diabetes in Indonesia Soewondo, Pradana; Pramono, Laurentius A.
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol 20, No 4 (2011): November
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Background: Pre-diabetes is a state where glucose level higher than normal, but not satisfy the criteria for diabetes. This condition is very critical, so that if subject donât do lifestyle modification and pharmacology therapy, they could fall to diabetes. This research objective is to describe the prevalence and predictors of pre-diabetes in Indonesia.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted by Metabolic Endocrinology Division, Department of Internal Medicine FMUI/RSCM and Jakarta Diabetes and Lipid Center using secondary data from National Health Survey 2007. TotalÂ respondents are 24417 subjects from 33 provinces in Indonesia. We analyze characteristics, correlation, predictors, andÂ attributable risks for some predictors of pre-diabetes and diabetes.Results: Prevalence of pre-diabetes (based on impaired glucose tolerance data) in Indonesia is 10%. Predictors of pre-diabetes are male, old-age, high socio-economic status, low education level, hypertension, obesity, central obesity, and smoking. Priority for pre-diabetes and diabetes prevention in Indonesia directed to decrease blood pressure (Attributable Risk/ARÂ 56.5%), reduce waist circumference (AR 47.3%), and stop smoking (AR 44.4%).Conclusion: Prevalence of pre-diabetes in Indonesia is high so that we need a prevention strategy for pre-diabetes and the development from pre-diabetes to diabetes. The implementation of those strategies is compiled in the Indonesian Diabetes Prevention Program.(Med J Indones 2011; 20:283-94)Keywords: diabetes, Indonesian diabetes prevention program, pre-diabetes

The DiabCare Asia 2008 study â Outcomes on control and complications of type 2 diabetic patients in Indonesia Soewondo, Pradana; Soegondo, Sidartawan; Suastika, Ketut; Pranoto, Agung; Soeatmadji, Djoko W.; Tjokroprawiro, Askandar
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol 19, No 4 (2010): November
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Aim: To collect information on diabetes management, diabetes complications, and awareness of self-control in diabetic population of the country. This study also evaluated the physician perspectives, psychological aspects, and quality of life of diabetic patients.Methods: This was a non-interventional, cross-sectional study, which recruited 1832 patients from secondary and tertiary medical centers across Indonesia. Data on demography, medical history, risk factors and clinical examination reports including laboratory assessments were collected from medical records of patients. Blood samples of all patients were collected for centralized HbA1c measurements.Results: Among 1832 patients, 1785 individuals were eligible for analysis. The mean age of the patients was 58.9+9.6 years. The mean duration of diabetes was 8.5+7.0 years. Majority (97.5%) of the patients had type 2 diabetes. 67.9% had poor control of diabetes (A1c:8.1 Â± 2.0%). 47.2% had FPG>130 mg/dL (161.6Â±14.6 mg/dL). Dyslipidemia was reported in 60%Â (834/1390) and 74% (617/834) of those received lipid lowering treatment. Neuropathy was most commonÂ complication (63.5%); other complications were: Diabetic retinopathy 42%, nephropathy 7.3%, severe late complications 16.9%, macrovascular complications 16%, microvascular complications 27.6%. About 81.3% of patients were on OADs (Â± insulin), 37.7% were on insulin (Â±OADs). Majority used biguanides followed by sulfonylureas. Human insulin was used by 73.2%, premix regimen 58.5%, analogues usage was 24.9%. Majority of the WHO-5 well being index responses fell in positive territoryConclusion: Poor glycaemic control in majority of patients is a concern. There is a need for a large proportion of patients to be adjusted to more intensive pharmacotherapy and a multi-disciplinary approach for management should be adopted. The study fi ndings should be communicated to policymakers and physicians to help them provide proper healthcare and its facilities in Indonesia. (Med J Indones 2010; 19:235-44)Keywords: DiabCare, DiabCare Indonesia, Diabetes complications, Dyslipidaemia, Glycaemic control, Hypertension.

The Correlation between Body Fat Distribution and Medial Tibiofemoral Joint Space Width in Obese Knee Osteoarthritis Patients Herikurniawan, Herikurniawan; Isbagio, Harry; Soewondo, Pradana; Diana, Nyimas; Setiati, Siti
Indonesian Journal of Rheumatology Vol 9, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Indonesian Rheumatology Association

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Background: Obesity is a major risk factor for knee osteoarthritis. The relationship between obesity and OA may not be simply due to a mechanical factor. Evidences suggest that metabolic factors related to body fat play important roles, but the specific type of fat that contributes to OA is unclear. The objective of this study was to examine the possible correlation between body fat distribution with knee OA.Methods: This study was a cross sectional study of OA patients with obesity visiting the Rheumatology and Geriatric-Internal Medicine clinics at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital between January-March 2016. Data was collected by consecutive sampling. Knee OA was diagnosed from clinical and radiologic evaluation based on American College of Rheumatology 1986 criteria. Body fat distribution was measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). Conventional radiography of the knee was used to evaluate jointspace narrowing (JSN). The correlation between body fat distribution and joint space width was analyzed by bivariate analysisResult: A total of 56 subjects were recruited, majority were women (73.2%). Median visceral fat was 12% (7.5-16.5), median subcutaneous fat was 30.2% (16.5-37.9), and median visceral to subcutaneous fat ratio was 0,40 (0,26-0,80). The mean medial tibiofemoral joint space width was 2.34 mm (SD 0.78). Bivariate analysis revealed a correlation between visceral fat and medial tibiofemoral joint space width (r: -0,474 p: < 0,001). There is no correlation between subcutaneous fat and medial tibiofemoral joint space width (r: -0,187 p:0,169); and visceral to subcutaneous fat ratio and medialtibiofemoral joint space width (r: -0,225 p: 0,09).Conclusion: Visceral fat is correlated with medial tibiofemoral joint space width (r: -0.474 p: < 0.001). There is no correlation between subcutaneous fat, and visceral to subcutaneous fat ratio, with medial tibiofemoral joint space width.Keywords: Osteoarthritis, obesity, visceral fat, subcutaneous fat, visceral to subcutaneous fat ratio, medial tibiofemoral joint space width

Ende Diabetes Study: diabetes and its characteristics in rural area of East Nusa Tenggara Waspadji, Sarwono; Soewondo, Pradana; Subekti, Imam; Soebardi, Suharko; Harbuwono, Dante S.; Pramono, Laurentius A.; Supali, Taniawati
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol 22, No 1 (2013): February
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Background: There are only few studies about diabetes in rural area in Indonesia. Epidemiological study are needed to formulate health policy of disease management in specific area. The aim of this study was to find the prevalence of diabetes and knowledge of diabetes among the community in Nangapanda Village, Ende District, East Nusa Tenggara.Methods: A cross-sectional study “Ende Diabetes Study” was conducted in Nangapanda Village. This study use cluster random sampling method to a total number of 19756 residents in Nangapanda village. From the sampling frame of 1800 adult subjects who underwent screening with glucometer in 2008 and 2009, 125 subjects have been diagnosed as diabetes or impaired fasting glucose (IFG). All of the subjects who were diagnosed as diabetes or IFG from the previous screening and 218 subjects from control (normal subjects in the 2008 and 2009 screening) were included in the present study. Each subject underwent general anamnesis, nutritional interview, complete physical examinations, and laboratory test (blood and urine). The data were analyzed using SPSS 13.0.Ressult: There were 343 subjects in this study. The prevalence of diabetes in Nangapanda using blood glucose criteria (using fasting and post-glucose load values) was 2%; using post glucose load criteria, the prevalence of DM was 1.56%; while with HbA1c criteria, the prevalence was 2.83%. The prevalence of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) was 2.2%, and IFG was 6.2%. A number of 71.1% Nangapanda residents have sufficient knowledge about diabetes.Conclusion: Prevalence of diabetes in Nangapanda (using fasting and post-glucose load criteria) was 2% and 1.56% (using post-glucose load values). As much as 71.1% of Nangapanda residents have sufficient knowledge about diabetes. (Med J Indones. 2013;22:30-8)Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, Ende Diabetes Study, prevalence, rural Indonesia

Non-psychogenic polydipsia in 45-year-old man with primary hyperparathyroidism and recurrent bilateral nephrolithiasis Cahyanur, Rahmat; Sarwono, Johannes; Armelia, Linda; Marbun, Maruhum B.H.; Soewondo, Pradana
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol 21, No 4 (2012): November
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Non-psychogenic polydipsia with hyponatremia is a rare clinical presentation. Primary hyperparathyroidism is a disorder of calcium, phosphate, and bone metabolism caused by increased level of parathyroid hormone (PTH). It is estimated the incidence of primary hyperparathyroidism are 21.6 per 100,000 person a year. This case report describe a 45-year-old man presented with non-psychogenic polydipsia. This patient drank a lot of water out of the fear of recurrent kidney stones. He had history of recurrent nephrolithiasis with hypercalcemia. We investigate further the cause of hypercalcemia and we diagnosed primary hyperparathryoidism as the cause. (Med J Indones. 2012;21:230-4)Keywords: Hyponatremia, non-psychogenic polydipsia, primary hyperparathyroidism

Sunlight–derived vitamin D affects interleukin-4 level, T helper 2 serum cytokines, in patients with Graves’ disease: a prospective cohort study Purnamasari, Dyah; Soewondo, Pradana; Djauzi, Samsuridjal
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol 24, No 4 (2015): December
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Background: Graves’ disease (GD) is the most common autoimmune disease leading to hyperthyroidism. The role of Th1/Th2 pathways balance in GD is still controversial. Vitamin D is reported to have an effect on those pathways. This study aims to examine the effect of sunlight exposure on vitamin D 25(OH) level and Th1 and Th2 pathway-derived cytokines in GD patients. Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted on 32 GD patients to compare the effect of sunlight exposure on vitamin D level and cytokines of Th1 and Th2 pathways between exposed and unexposed groups. Exposed group received sunlight exposure three times a week for 30 minutes each between 9–11 a.m for 1 month. Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxin (fT4), vitamin D 25(OH), interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) serum levels, were investigated before and after one month of sunlight exposure. Paired t-test or Mann Whitney test were used to analyze the difference between exposed and unexposed GD groups before and after sun exposure.Results: One month of sunlight exposure increased vitamin D 25(OH) level by 27.90% among exposed GD group (15.34 ng/mL to 19.62 ng/mL, p<0.001). Meanwhile, unexposed GD group’s vitamin D 25(OH) level decreased from 20.48 ng/mL to 18.86 ng/mL (p<0.001). Increased vitamin D 25(OH) level in exposed group was not accompanied by the increase of IL-4 level after sunlight exposure.Conclusion: Sunlight exposure increases vitamin D 25(OH) serum level and may affect the level of IL-4, Th2 pathway-derived cytokine, in patients with GD. However, the role of sunlight-derived vitamin D on IFN-γ in GD patients can not be concluded in this study.

GAMBARAN KLINIS DAN PROPORSI HIPOTIROIDISME SEKUNDER PADA PASIEN ADENOMA HIPOFISIS DI RUMAH SAKIT CIPTO MANGUNKUSUMO Cahyanur, Rahmat; Soewondo, Pradana; Darmowidjojo, Budiman; Aman, Renindra Ananda; Dewiasty, Esthika
Majalah Kedokteran Indonesia Vol 68 No 6 (2018): Journal of the Indonesian Medical Association Majalah Kedokteran Indonesia Volum
Publisher : PENGURUS BESAR IKATAN DOKTER INDONESIA (PB IDI)

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Pendahuluan: Adenoma hipofisis merupakan tumor yang berasal dari jaringan hipofisis anterior. Manifestasi klinis timbul akibat pendesakan massa dan gangguan sekresi hormon. Salah satu gangguan hormonal yang ditimbulkan adalah hipotiroidisme sekunder. Hipotiroidisme sekunder terkait dengan penurunan kualitas hidup serta peningkatan risiko kardiovaskular. Tujuan: Mengetahui proporsi hipotiroidisme sekunder dan gambaran klinis pasien adenoma hipofisis. Metode: Penelitian ini adalah studi potong lintang. Data diambil dari rekam medis pasien di Rumah Sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo antara tahun 2007-2012. Data demografis (usia, jenis kelamin), karakteristik klinis, jenis adenoma, data radiologis, pemeriksaan hormon (T4 bebas dan TSH) dievaluasi pada peneltian ini. Hasil: Terdapat 45 pasien yang memenuhi kriteria penelitian ini. Sebagian besar subyek adalah wanita (62,2%). Keluhan utama subyek adalah gangguan penglihatan (55,6%). Gejala yang sering ditemukan adalah sakit kepala (86,7%), gangguan penglihatan (77,8%). Pada subyek wanita manifestasi yang pertama kali muncul adalah gangguan penglihatan dan gangguan fungsi seksual (39,3% dan 32,1%). Pada Usia muda, gejala pertama kali muncul lebih pada kelompok adenoma fungsional dibandingkan non fungsional (32,9 vs. 40,6). Hampir seluruh kasus yang ditemukan adalah makroadenoma (97,8%). Proporsi subyek yang mengalami hipotiroidisme sekunder adalah 40%. Subyek dengan hipotiroidisme sekunder lebih banyak mengeluhkan gangguan penglihatan dan gangguan ereksi. Kesimpulan: Gangguan penglihatan adalah keluhan utama yang sering ditemukan. Pada subyek wanita, keluhan gangguan fungsi seksual bersama dengan gangguan penglihatan adalah manifestasi yang pertama kali muncul. Proporsi hipotiroidisme sekunder pada penelitian ini adalah 40,0%. Subyek dengan hipotiroidisme sekunder lebih banyak mengeluhkan gangguan penglihatan, gangguan ereksi.

Pengaruh Sistem Pengingat Melalui Pengiriman Pesan Singkat (Text-Messaging Reminder System) untuk Meningkatkan Kepatuhan Pasien dalam Pengobatan Tuberkulosis: Tinjauan Kasus Berbasis Bukti Skolastika Mitzy Benedicta; Pradana Soewondo; Dhanasari Vidiawati Sanyoto
Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pelayanan Kesehatan Vol. 3 No. 2 (2019)
Publisher : Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pelayanan Kesehatan (Journal of Research and Development in Health Services)

Abstrak Indonesia merupakan negara kedua di dunia dengan insidensi Tuberkulosis (TB) terbanyak setelah India, sehingga Indonesia termasuk high-burden country dalam penyakit TB. Angka keberhasilan pengobatan TB di Indonesia baru mencapai 84% pada tahun 2016 sehingga perlu ditingkatkan. Inovasi yang banyak dikembangkan untuk meningkatkan kepatuhan pasien dalam pengobatan TB adalah metode pengingat dengan menggunakan media elektronik, salah satunya melalui SMS mengingat pengguna aktif telepon genggam di Indonesia cukup banyak, yaitu mencapai 70,2 juta untuk smartphone pada tahun 2017 dan terus meningkat. Tujuannya untuk mengetahui pengaruh sistem pengingat melalui pesan singkat (text-messaging reminder system) dalam kepatuhan pasien terhadap pengobatan TB. Pencarian literatur dilakukan pada beberapa pangkalan data jurnal ilmiah kedokteran besar seperti Pubmed, Cochrane, EBSCOhost, dan Science Direct. Artikel disaring sesuai desain yang dibutuhkan untuk tinjauan intervensi, kriteria inklusi, dan kriteria eksklusi. Telaah kritis menggunakan metode intervensi sesuai Oxford Center for Evidence Based Medicine 2011. Telaah kritis dilakukan pada dua artikel terpilih dengan metode RCT dan telaah sistematis. Pada studi RCT terhadap 2207 pasien di Pakistan, diperoleh penggunaan sistem pengingat SMS tidak berpengaruh terhadap kepatuhan pengobatan TB. Pada telaah sistematis yang meninjau empat artikel, diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa sistem SMS mampu meningkatkan kepatuhan pengobatan TB. Namun, signifikansinya masih diragukan karena studi yang diinklusi merupakan studi dengan tingkatan bukti rendah berdasarkan kategori GRADE. Pengaruh metode pengingat berupa SMS terhadap kepatuhan pengobatan TB masih inkonklusif. Diperlukan penelitian lebih lanjut dengan populasi besar serta desain penelitian yang sesuai (RCT). Kata kunci: Tuberkulosis, SMS, Sistem Pengingat, Kepatuhan, Pengobatan Abstract Indonesia ranked second in the world for its Tuberculosis (TB) incidence. Therefore, Indonesia is included in the list of high burden countries for TB. TB treatment success rate in Indonesia for 2016 is 84%, but this number still needs to be increased. Many innovations using electronic devices such as handphones are developed to increase patient’s adherence to TB treatment. One of the easiest applicable methods is through SMS. Indonesia is also a developing country with developing technology usage, with 70.2 million active smartphone users in 2017. To determine whether a text messaging reminder system can increase adherence in patients with Tuberculosis treatment. Literature searching was conducted in large medical journal databases such as Pubmed, Cochrane, EBSCOhost, and Science Direct. The articles are selected by considering the study designs that correlate with the intervention appraisal method, inclusions, and exclusions criteria. Intervention type appraisal was conducted using the guideline of the Oxford Center for Evidence-Based Medicine 2011. Appraisals were made for two chosen articles: one with the RCT method, and the other with a systematic review method. RCT study conducted in Pakistan showed that text messaging reminder system does not affect adherence in patients with TB treatment. The other study that reviews four articles concludes that a text messaging reminder system may increase adherence in TB patients undergoing treatment. But, the significance is still doubted as the studies included in this review are of low evidence level based on the GRADE category. The impact of the text messaging reminder system in increasing treatment adherence of TB patients is still inconclusive. Further research with a large population, better design and methodology are still needed. Keywords: Tuberculosis, SMS, Text Messaging, Reminder System, Adherence, Treatment

The Correlation between Body Fat Distribution and Medial Tibiofemoral Joint Space Width in Obese Knee Osteoarthritis Patients Herikurniawan Herikurniawan; Harry Isbagio; Pradana Soewondo; Nyimas Diana; Siti Setiati
Indonesian Journal of Rheumatology Vol. 9 No. 1 (2017): Indonesian Journal of Rheumatology
Publisher : Indonesian Rheumatology Association

Background: Obesity is a major risk factor for knee osteoarthritis. The relationship between obesity and OA may not be simply due to a mechanical factor. Evidences suggest that metabolic factors related to body fat play important roles, but the specific type of fat that contributes to OA is unclear. The objective of this study was to examine the possible correlation between body fat distribution with knee OA.Methods: This study was a cross sectional study of OA patients with obesity visiting the Rheumatology and Geriatric-Internal Medicine clinics at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital between January-March 2016. Data was collected by consecutive sampling. Knee OA was diagnosed from clinical and radiologic evaluation based on American College of Rheumatology 1986 criteria. Body fat distribution was measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). Conventional radiography of the knee was used to evaluate jointspace narrowing (JSN). The correlation between body fat distribution and joint space width was analyzed by bivariate analysisResult: A total of 56 subjects were recruited, majority were women (73.2%). Median visceral fat was 12% (7.5-16.5), median subcutaneous fat was 30.2% (16.5-37.9), and median visceral to subcutaneous fat ratio was 0,40 (0,26-0,80). The mean medial tibiofemoral joint space width was 2.34 mm (SD 0.78). Bivariate analysis revealed a correlation between visceral fat and medial tibiofemoral joint space width (r: -0,474 p: < 0,001). There is no correlation between subcutaneous fat and medial tibiofemoral joint space width (r: -0,187 p:0,169); and visceral to subcutaneous fat ratio and medialtibiofemoral joint space width (r: -0,225 p: 0,09).Conclusion: Visceral fat is correlated with medial tibiofemoral joint space width (r: -0.474 p: < 0.001). There is no correlation between subcutaneous fat, and visceral to subcutaneous fat ratio, with medial tibiofemoral joint space width.Keywords: Osteoarthritis, obesity, visceral fat, subcutaneous fat, visceral to subcutaneous fat ratio, medial tibiofemoral joint space width

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