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All Journal HAYATI Journal of Biosciences MEDIA KONSERVASI Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan Biotika: Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Indonesian Journal of Applied Sciences Sosiohumaniora Dharmakarya : Jurnal Aplikasi Ipteks Untuk Masyarakat Jurnal Kelautan Tropis Pro-Life REINWARDTIA ETNOSIA : Jurnal Etnografi Indonesia UMBARA Indonesian Journal of Anthropology Jurnal Biodjati Chimica et Natura Acta Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Agrisocionomics: Jurnal Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian Jurnal BIOEDUIN : Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi Jurnal Kelautan dan Perikanan Terapan (JKPT) Forest and Society Pangadereng : Jurnal Hasil Penelitian Ilmu Sosial dan Humaniora Proceeding Biology Education Conference International Journal of Applied Business and International Management Reinwardtia

Johan Iskandar

Program Studi Biologi, Fakultas Matematika & Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor Sumedang

Author-ID : 289172

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Arts Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Earth & Planetary Sciences Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Engineering Environmental Science Immunology & microbiology Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health Social Sciences

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Etnobiologi dan Keragaman Budaya di Indonesia Iskandar, Johan
UMBARA Indonesian Journal of Anthropology Vol 1, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Etnobiologi, sebagai disiplin ilmiah, belum banyak dikembangkan di Indonesia. Tulisan ini mengulas perkembangan disiplin etnobiologi danÂ keragaman hayati serta kebhinekaan suku bangsa sebagai landasan etnobiologi Indonesia. Selain itu artikel ini juga mengulas pemanfaatan dan pengelolaan keragaman hayati oleh masyarakat tradisional dengan contoh kajian etnobiologi pengelolaan tata ruang pada orang Sunda serta pengaruh perubahan iklim pada tanggapan petani tradisional, dan ulasan normatif tentang peranan etnobiologi bagi pembangunan multikutural di Indonesia.Â Â Kata kunci: Etnobiologi, Keragaman hayati, kebhinekaan suku bangsa, Pembangunan

DILEMA ANTARA HOBI DAN BISNIS PERDAGANGAN BURUNG SERTA KONSERVASI BURUNG Iskandar, Johan
Chimica et Natura Acta Vol 2, No 3 (2014)
Publisher : Departemen Kimia

Paper discusses result of study on the development of hobby on bird keeping, bird song contest, bird trade business, and conservation strategy for bird sustainable use, based on case study undertaken in the Bandung urban and surrounding areas. The combination of qualitative and quantitative method with descriptive analysis was used in this study. The result of study shows that based on direct inventory it was recorded 96 bird species of 24 families which were being kept by thirty respondents. Among the total species, 29 species and races were recorded as dominant, namely anis merah (Zoothera citrina), murai batu (Copsychus malabaricus), ciblek (Prinia familiaris), several races of kenari (Serinus canarinus), several races of lovebird (Agapornis spp), bentet/toed (Lanius schach), several races of pleci/burung kacamata (Zosterops palpebrosa), robin (Leothrix sp), and perkutut (Geopelia striata). Nowadays, the hobby of bird keeping in the cages has tended to increase caused of development of regular song bird contest in the local, regional and national level. Based on this study, it was recorded that fiveteen bird species have commonly entertained in the local song bird contests by the bird lovers in Bandung urban and surrounding areas. Development of the increasing bird keeping hobby and song bird contests have tended to develop bird trading in the urban bird markets and increasing bird hunting in the villages. Therefore, the activity of bird keeping hobby, song bird contests, and bird trading have been dilemma. On the one hand, these activities have provided some benefits. For example, it has developed the bird trading business and bird captive breeding undertaken by the bird lover communities and providing some economic benefits. On the other hands, these activities have affected to dramatically bird population decrease in nature due to increasing bird hunting in villages. Even some rare birds have high risk to be decrease and maybe disappear in some village areas in the near future. Therefore, to sustainable utilize bird species for fulfilling the hobby of bird keeping, bird contests and bird trading purpose; the conservation effort based on community participation is essentially needed.

Various Plants of Traditional Rituals: Ethnobotanical Research Among The Baduy Community Iskandar, Johan; Iskandar, Budiawati S.
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 9, No 1 (2017): April 2017
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v9i1.8117

On the basis of recent studies in many places of developing countries it has been revealed that the practices of conservation of biodiversity has strongly determined by traditional ecological knowledge, and beliefs or cosmos. The aim of the study namely to elucidate; (1) some traditional rituals in the swidden management system of the Baduy community; (2) various plants that have been used for performing some rituals in the swidden management system of the Baduy community; and (3) some functions of various plants that have been used in the rituals of the swidden management system of the Baduy community. A qualitative method with ethnobotanical approach was applied in this study. The result of study shows that 9 kinds of the traditional rituals that have been predominantly undertaken by the Baduy community in the management of swidden farming system. At least 50 plant species representing 28 families have been used for those performing traditional rituals. The main function of plants in the rituals is considered as the symbolic meaning and rational function. The result of study has been considered very important that the traditional ecological knowledge and beliefs must be considered to conserve biological diversity.

Ethnobotanical Study of Medicinal Plants in Karangwangi, District of Cianjur, West Java Malini, Desak Made; Madihah, Madihah; Kusmoro, Joko; Kamilawati, Fitri; Iskandar, Johan
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 9, No 2 (2017): August 2017
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v9i2.5756

The knowledge and usage of plant as medicinal remedy by current generation are not as extensive as previous; therefore, many rural communities with restricted modern medical access still rely on traditional medicine. This paper provides significant ethnobotanical information on medicinal plants in Karangwangi Village of Cianjur District, West Java Indonesia. This study aimed to identify plants collected for medical purposes by the local people as well as to document the local names, uses, preparation, and location of these plants. Ethno botanical data was recorded by opting people participation and key informant approach involving semi-structured interviews, group discussions and filling of questionnaires. The results showed a total of 114 medicinal plants belonging to 50 families were identified. Zingiberaceae was the most-frequently cited (nine species), followed by Asteraceae, Euphorbiaceae, and Fabaceae (seven species each). The most-used plant parts were leaves (51.8%), followed by stems (22.9%) and the most common preparations were decoction, poultice and squeezed. Most of the plants were obtained from the house-yard and total of 30 medicinal uses were recorded. The ethnobotanical result documented in this study showed that this area is rich in medicinal plants and these plants are still commonly used for medicinal purposes among the people in their daily lives. Ethnobotanical heritage should be preserved, however, there is a gradual loss of traditional knowledge about these plants in new generation. Further, the findings can be used as baseline information for further scientific investigation for analyzing phytochemical, pharmaceutical and other biological activities for future drug discovery.

Taman Keanekaragaman Hayati Hutan Pelawan Sebagai Media Pendidikan Keanekaragaman Hayati Lokal di Provinsi Kepulauan Bangka Belitung Akbarini, Dian; Iskandar, Johan; Purwanto, Bambang Heru; Husodo, Teguh
Proceeding Biology Education Conference: Biology, Science, Enviromental, and Learning Vol 16, No 1 (2019): Proceeding Biology Education Conference
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (398.218 KB)

Biodiversity Park in Central Bangka Pelawan Forest is one of the park that uses the concept of in-situ conservation in its conservation category. The development of this park was initiated by the Regional Government of Central Bangka Regency which aims to protect local biological resources, specifically the Pelawan Merahtree (Tristaniopsis merguensis). This area was designated as a park with three priority functions: ecotourism, education and research. The purpose of this study is to find out whether the educational function has been carried out properly in accordance with the initial purpose of the construction of this park. The method used is a mixed method with data collection techniques through interviews and questionnaires, the selection of respondents was carried out by purposive sampling. The results of the study showed that only 18.18% visited the park as a place of learning, the most objective of visitors was for recreation (56.82% ), visitors who are aware of the use of the park in (53, 64%) . The visitors (62,37 %) also think that facilities must be added, including information boards, leaflets or brochures to convey knowledge of biodiversity and visitors (92,27%) said the importance of the attendance of officials as informants to convey knowledge and information related to biodiversity in the park

Etnobiologi dan Keragaman Budaya di Indonesia Johan Iskandar
Umbara Vol 1, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Etnobiologi, sebagai disiplin ilmiah, belum banyak dikembangkan di Indonesia. Tulisan ini mengulas perkembangan disiplin etnobiologi dan keragaman hayati serta kebhinekaan suku bangsa sebagai landasan etnobiologi Indonesia. Selain itu artikel ini juga mengulas pemanfaatan dan pengelolaan keragaman hayati oleh masyarakat tradisional dengan contoh kajian etnobiologi pengelolaan tata ruang pada orang Sunda serta pengaruh perubahan iklim pada tanggapan petani tradisional, dan ulasan normatif tentang peranan etnobiologi bagi pembangunan multikutural di Indonesia. Kata kunci: Etnobiologi, Keragaman hayati, kebhinekaan suku bangsa, Pembangunan

Etnobotanical Study on Banana in Karangwangi Village, Cianjur District, West Java Tatang Suharmana Erawan; Rahmi Aulia Hidayat; Johan Iskandar
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 4, No 1 (2019): May
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v4i1.2954

Banana has been known as one of fruits that has an important function in the rural areas. Bananas have been traditionally planted by rural farmers in the homegarden, garden and mixed-garden in West Java. However, study on bananas in Karangwangi village,Cianjur has not been carried out. Aim of study was to explore varieties (landraces) of bananas, source of local knowledge on bananas, utilization of ba-nanas and diseases of bananas. Method used in this study was quali-tative with ethnobotanical approach and some techniques, including observation and semi-structure interview were applied in this study. The result of study showed that, it was recorded 13 variations of ba-nana; main source of local knowledge on bananas from the parent and friends; utilization of bananas, including consumption of ripe fruit, made of “sale” and some banana organs, including leaves, “jantung” (male flower), pseudostem, ”bonggol” (base of pseudostem) and roots of bananas were usually used by people. Main diseases of banana was known by local people as “Pireus” (virus). We recommended more intensive study on bananas must be carried on for near future.

Etnoekologi, Biodiversitas Padi dan Modernisasi Budidaya Padi: Studi Kasus Pada Masyarakat Baduy dan Kampung Naga Johan Iskandar; Budiawati Supangkat Iskandar
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 3, No 1 (2018): May
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v3i1.2344

Program Revolusi Hijau di Indonesia mulai digulirkan di akhir 1960-an. Program ini telah memberikan dampak positif dan negatif. Dampak positif di antaranya dapat meningkatkan poduktivitas padi sawah secara makro. Sementara itu, dampak ngatifnya diantara telah menyebabkan kepunahan anekaram varietas padi lokal secara masif. Oleh karena itu, kajian tentang kepunahan anekaragam padi lokal di berbagai kawasan perdesaan di Jawa Barat dan Banten sangat penting untuk diteliti. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mengkaji pengetahuan masyarakat perdesaan tentang ekologi, terutama kaitannya dengan pengeloaan keanekaragaman varietas padi lokal dan perubahannya dampak Revolusi Hijau, berlandaskan dari studi kasus pada masyarakat Baduy, Desa Kanekes, Kabupaten Lebak, Banten Selatan dan masyarakat Kampung Naga, Tasikmalaya, Jawa Barat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metoda kualitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan etnoekologi, yaitu peneliti mempelajari pengetahuan penduduk perdesaan tentang berbagai aspek ekologi dalam kaitannya dengan pengeloaan padi lokal. Teknik pengumpulan data lapangan dilakukan dengan observasi dan wawancara mendalam terhadap informan yang kompeten yang dipilih secara’ purposive’. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sejatinya para petani ‘huma’ Baduy dan petani sawah Kampung Naga memiliki peran penting dalam mengkonservasi anekaragam varietas padi lokal secara in-situ. Namun, akibat program Revolusi Hijau, beberapa varietas padi lokal sawah penduduk Kampung Naga mengalami kepunahan. Sementara itu, kepunahan anekaragam varietas padi lokal di ‘huma’ Baduy tidak terdokumentasikan. Mengingat penduduk Baduy tidak menerima program Revolusi Hijau. Kepunahan keanekaragam varietas padi lokal dapat disebabkan oleh berbagai faktor, seperti kebijakan pemerintah, perubahan ekosistem, dan akibat perubahan sistem sosial ekonomi dan budaya masyarakat. Penelitian ini dapat memiliki kontribusi penting untuk ilmu pengetahuan dan kepentingan praktis. Berdasarkan kepentingan ilmu pengetahuan yaitu dapat bermanfaat untuk pengembangan ilmu pengetahuan, khususnya dalam bidang etnoekologi dan etnobotani. Sementara itu, untuk kepentingan praktis, diharapkan hasil penelitian ini dapat digunakan untuk dijadikan masukan bagi berbagai pihak terkait, guna upaya konservasi anekaragam padi di Indonesia.

Kearifan Ekologi Orang Baduy dalam Konservasi Padi dengan "Sistem Leuit" Johan iskandar; Budiawati Supangkat Iskandar
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 2, No 1 (2017): May
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v2i1.1289

ABSTRAKDitilik dari sejarah ekologi, di masa silam sebelum ada program moderniasi usaha tani sawah melalui program Revolusi Hijau, para petani sawah di Jawa Barat dan Banten guyub menyimpan padi hasil panen padi di lumbung (leuit). Kini sistem lumbung padi tersebut hampir punah di Jawa Barat dan Banten. Namun masyarakat Baduy yang bermukim di Desa Kanekes, Kecamatan Leuwidamar, Kabupaten Lebak, Banten Selatan, kebiasaan menyimpan padi pada sistem leuit masih kokoh dipertahankan secara lekat budaya dan berkelanjutan. Paper ini mendiskusikan tentang kearifan ekologi Orang Baduy dalam mengkonservasi padi dengan sistem leuit. Metoda penelitian menggunakan kualitatif dengan pendekatan etnoekologi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Orang Baduy memiliki kearifan ekologi, seperti mampu menyimpan padi ladang hasil panen mereka pada lumbung padi (leuit) secara tahan lama dalam kurun waktu hingga puluhan tahun. Padi ladang utamanya hanya digunakan untuk memenuhi berbagai upacara adat dalam kegiatan berladang dan untuk dikonsumsi sehari-hari, terutama apabila Orang Baduy tidak memiliki cukup uang untuk membeli beras sawah dari warung. Maka, seyogianya kearifan ekologi Orang Baduy ini dapat dipadukan dengan pengetahuan ilmiah Barat, guna dimanfaatkan dalam progam pemangunan keamanan dan ketahanan pangan secara berkelanjutan berbasis pemberdayan masyarat di Indonesia.

Etnoekologi dan Pengelolaan Agroekosistem oleh Penduduk Desa Karangwangi Kecamatan Cidaun, Cianjur Selatan Jawa Barat Johan Iskandar; Budiawati SUpangkat Iskandar
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 1, No 1 (2016): November
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v1i1.1035

Abstrak. Sejatinya di masa silam, penduduk pedesaan di Jawa Barat, termasuk penduduk di Desa Karangwangi, Kecamatan Cidaun, Kabupaten Cianjur, Jawa Barat dominan menggarap sistem ladang (sistem huma). Namun, sejalan dengan kian padatnya penduduk, makin berkurangnya kawasan hutan, dan berkembangnya ekonomi pasar di pedesaan, maka, sistem huma berubah menjadi beberapa tipe sistem agroforestri tradisional, seperti kebon kayu-kayuan (kebon kai), kebon campuran kayu-kayuan dan buah-buahan (talun) dan sistem pekarangan (buruan). Selain itu, dengan adanya program Revolusi Hijau pada sistem sawah dan introduksi albasiah/jengjen (Paraserinthes falcataria (L) I Nielsen) pada sistem tegalan dan agroforestri tradisional, seperti kebon kai. Konsekuensinya, sistem sawah dan sistem huma mengalami perubahan secara drastis. Paper ini mendisuksikan tentang perkembangan beberapa tipe agroekosistem dari sistem huma, dengan berbagai perubahannya. Metoda penelitian menggunakan kualitatif dengan pendekatan etnoekologi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hasil studi telah memberikan berbagai informasi untuk lebih memahami perilaku penduduk pedesaan dalam mengelola berbagai tipe agroekosistem di desanya. Dalam kaitannya dengan pembangunan, seyogianya berbagai pengetahuan ekologi lokal penduduk yang positif dan kearifan ekologi penduduk tidak diabaikan atau bahkan dicoba untuk dimusnahkan, namun dapat diintegrasikan dengan pengetahuan ilmiah barat untuk dapat digunakan untuk pembangunan sistem pertanian di Indonesia yang berkelanjutan. Kata kunci: sistem huma, agroforestri tradisional, agroekosistem, revolusi hijau. Abstract. Originally in the past, village people of West Java, including people of Village of Karangwangi, Sub-district of Cidaun, District of Cianjur and Province of West Java predominated practicing the swidden farming system (sistem huma). However, due to increasing human population density, decreasing the forest area, and rapid development of market economy in the village, the huma system have changed to several types of the traditional agroforestry systems, such as the tree garden system (kebon kai), mixed-garden system of wood and fruits (talun), and home garden (buruan). In addition, because of introduction of the green revolution in the sawah systems and the introduction of albasiah/jengjen (Paraserianthes falcataria (L) I Nielsen) in the traditional agroforestry systems, such as kebon kai. As a result, those agroecosystem types have dramatically changed. This paper discusses the development of the traditional agroforestry systems which is developed from the huma system. Method used in this study qualitative with the ethnoecology approach. The resulted of study show that it has provided rich information which is very useful to more understand the village people behavior in managing various type of agroecosystem in their village. With regard to development process, we suggest various positive local knowledges and ecological wisdoms, rather than ignoring or attempting to replace them, it may be useful to be integrated with the scientific knowledge to use in supporting the sustainable agriculture in Indonesia. Keywords: swidden system, agroforestry traditional, agroecosystem, green revolution

Co-Authors Achmad Nur Sutikno Agge Ibrati Shabrina Suhanda Agus Widana Aliifah , Felicia Aminuyati Ari Abi Aufa Aseng Ramlan Asep Zainal Mutaqin Aufa, Ari Abi Azhar Ginanjar Azifah An’amillah Bambang Heru Purwanto Berry Juliandi Budi Irawan Budiawati S. Iskandar Budiawati S. Iskandar, Budiawati S. Budiawati Supangkat Budiawati SUpangkat Iskandar, Budiawati SUpangkat Dede Mulyanto Dede Tresna Wiyanti Desak Made Malini Dian Akbarini Diana Budiyanti Eneng Nunuz Rohmatullayaly Faris Muladi Fatimah, Iik Nurul Gunawan, Budhi Hanna Hendriks Herri Y. Hadikusumah Ira Indrawardana Ira Indrawardana Janu Dwi Kristianto Joko Kusmoro JULIATI PRIHATINI Juliati Prihatini Juliati Prihatini Kamilawati, Fitri Madihah Madihah, Madihah Mahesa Elgasani Meilisha Putri Pertiwi Mohamad Nurzaman Muhamad Azahar Bin Abas Muhammad Al Rizky Ratno Budiarto Nia Rossiana Nurinsiyah, Ayu Savitri Nurullia Fitriani Oekan Soekotjo Abdoellah Opan Suhendi Suwartapradja Parikesit Parikesit Rahman Latif Alfian, Rahman Latif Rahmi Aulia Hidayat Ruhyat Partasasmita Ruhyat Pratasasmita Ruly Budiono Sidik, Adi Permana Siti Nuraeni Soemarwoto, Rini Sunardi Sunardi Suryana Suryana Susanti Withaningsih Tatang Suharmana Erawan TEGUH HUSODO Tia Setiawati Toni Nuari Tri Dewi Kusumaningrum Pribadi Wawan Hermawan WINDRA PRIAWANDIPUTRA, WINDRA Yayan Suryana Yustiadi, Taufik

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