Management Accounting Practices

The aim of this study is to investigate how multiple values in non-profit hybrid organisations influence the adoption of management accounting practices. The empirical analysis centres on hybrid organisations established as co-production and co-management initiatives in social care. Pragmatic constructivism, centred on the role of values, informs the empirical analysis. This research shows that management accounting practices can develop without conflicts when only some actors are interested in management and their values predominate, despite the coexistence of multiple and conflicting values. However, in this situation, where conflicts are eliminated, the validity of accounting is compromised, as it does not represent all values. The evidence of this lack of validity is clear when considering the poor development of management accounting practices and the inability to develop some relevant measures, such as outcome measures. When only some values predominate, the opportunity provided by the multiplicity of values to the development of management accounting practices is lost, and possible inefficiencies may emerge. The use of pragmatic constructivism shows that this lack of validity, determined by the nonintegration of values, would be reduced by increasing the discussion among conflicting actors' values. Findings suggest that the presence of conflicting values, that at first glance may be interpreted as an impediment, would, on the contrary, be useful to support accounting validity, when stimulating discussion. In this respect, conflicting values should work alongside communication, to include dimensions of reality.

This study attempts to explore the factors that may lead to the choice behind sophisticated management accounting practices (SMAP) in an emerging economy, Bangladesh. A semi-structured questionnaire has been developed to capture the market data and different descriptive and inferential statistical tools have been used to test relevant hypotheses. The findings of the study are helpful for the management accounting practitioners, academics, and researchers to understand the current state of management accounting practices in an emerging market. In addition, the study brings an extension to existing literature by exploring potential causal relationship between sophistication in applying management accounting tools and satisfaction of management accounting practitioners. This study confirms that there is a missing link between practitioners’ satisfaction and SMAP. It gives a signal to the market that the critical decision-making process is not supported by tactical exercises and market ...

Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) play a key role in advancing the growth, and performance of SMEs especially in emerging markets like Zimbabwe (Musabayana et al., 2023). In recent years SMEs in emerging markets have failed to embrace strategic financial management practices (SFMP) considered a key driver to business growth . Hence, the aim of the study was to assess the importance of SFMP in emerging markets employing the mixed methods design that includes the quantitative, and qualitative methods gathering data from a target population of 640 SMEs selected from various sectors. Data was gathered from a sample of 240 participants using the questionnaire and 21 participants using open-ended interviews respectively. Quantitative data was analysed using descriptive statistics while cloud-maps analysed qualitative data. The study findings revealed that SFMPs were critically important for decisionmaking as they assist stakeholders and owner-managers in the development of the business' vision, and mission statement, and preparation of financial management systems that enhance performance. SFMPs were also important for planning, budgeting, and decision-making. Drawing from the notable critical importance of vision and mission statements, the study recommended that every SME must develop a vision and mission statement as a priority to chart a way forward. The study finally recommended that similar studies be conducted in developing countries to promote the growth and performance of SMEs and also adds evidence to the corpus of literature that strategic financial management is important for SME performance.

Management accounting practices play an important role in business management and help companies survive in a competitive and ever-changing world. Appropriate measures of management accounting practices allow academics and practitioners to effectively evaluate the adoption of management accounting practices by companies. In this study, based on the qualitative information disclosed in the annual reports of 175 companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange from 2013 to 2022, new and comprehensive criteria for management accounting practices at the company level have been designed using the Word2Vec word embedding model. In measuring textual metrics, using this method is very useful because it can capture the nuances of language and identify patterns in textual data. After developing textual measurement criteria, a series of validations including content validity, convergent validity, discriminant validity and reliability have been performed to confirm that the measurement criteria of management accounting practices really reflect the actual choices of companies. The results show that the fit and approval of the developed measures with the representative indicators of each management accounting practices' dimensions in the industry indicate the effectiveness of the proposed measures. The new measurement of management accounting practices not only provides a solid foundation for empirical analysis in management accounting research, but also paves a new way to examine the status of companies regarding the extent of using management accounting practices.

The significance of small and medium-sized companies' (SMEs) sustainability in Zimbabwe stems mostly from their contribution to the GDP of the nation. However, the primary cause of Zimbabwe's high SME failure rate is the owners' and managers' insufficient managerial expertise. This study looked into how management accounting techniques contributed to Zimbabwe's SMEs' success. The goals were to categorise the different kinds of management accounting practices utilised by SMEs, investigate the variables influencing SMEs' adoption of these practices, assess the degree to which SMEs employ these practices, and investigate the role that these practices play in SMEs' success. The study employed a quantitative methodology through the distribution of self-administered questionnaires to participants via mail.
Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the data and summarise the respondents' viewpoints. Version 25 of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used to analyse the results. The study's conclusions show that while management accounting techniques were not frequently employed, traditional and process costing were the most widely used costing systems. The accounting rate of return was the most often utilised instrument for decision assistance and investment appraisal, followed by the payback method, pertinent costs, and revenues. SMEs in Zimbabwe also employed planning and control strategies like production costing and sales budgeting.
Lack of education and experience, as well as the expense of hiring management accountants, are factors that influence the application of management accounting techniques. Planning and performance were found to be positively correlated with management accounting procedures. Financial, human resource, and technology challenges are among the difficulties that SMEs encounter. According to the survey, managers and owners of SMEs should hire management accountants, go through management accounting training, or outsource the management accounting task. SMEs may find that better decision-making and cost controls result from the use of management accounting techniques.

RESUMO No contexto de gestão organizacional e visando o aprofundamento do conhecimento no campo da Contabilidade Gerencial, esta pesquisa propôs um constructo que contribui com a compreensão sobre a percepção dos gestores sobre a sociomaterialidade de práticas de contabilidade gerencial (PCG) com base na lógica institucional cerimonial (uso baseado em ritos) versus a instrumental (uso baseado na resolução de problemas) valendo-se da Nova Sociologia Institucional (NIS) e das digressões de Bush (1983, 1987). Por meio de um levantamento em 102 organizações não financeiras de grande porte que operam no Brasil, identificou-se que, dependendo do arranjo de forças isomórficas e de difusão a que as PCG estão submetidas, elas são levadas a assumir comportamentos cerimonial (5%), instrumental (61%) ou misto (26%). Pode-se inferir que nessas organizações as PCG estão sendo usadas prioritariamente como tecnologias para a resolução de problemas e contribuem com alteração do contexto onde estão i...

Cost and management accounting practices (CMAP) are highly researched area in practical accounting with multi-dimensional considerations. Such considerations come from the intuition of the researchers affected by the internal and external factors generated from contingency framework. CMAP have no structured version like GAAP or IAS. In Bangladesh, the research on CMAP is very rare that made the researchers interested to initiate a research in this area. It will enlarge the scope of further researches benefiting the practitioners to come up with feasible solutions to the problems identified in the research. A semi-structured questionnaire is designed to conduct the field survey. And different descriptive statistical tools are used to present the survey findings. As the research is a preliminary one, the discussions are kept simple and the analysis is kept limited to the extent of highlighting the practices in some selective areas. The research perspective is simply an informative one in nature.

This study investigates the effects of ownership structure on the performance of the listed companies in Borsa Istanbul Stock Exchange 30 Firms (BIST 30). The main hypothesis of our study is that there is a significant relationship between companies' performances and their ownership structures.The statistical population includes 19 non-financial companies in the period of years between 2008 and 2013. The results show that the concentration of the large shares of companies one or a few share holders has a negative effect on related firm’s performance.

This study sought to examine the effect of organization structure on organization strategy. Survey research design was employed through the administration of structured questionnaire to staff of Nestle Nigeria PLC, Unilever Nigeria PLC and PZ (Cussons) PLC. The findings revealed that, organization structure positively and significantly affects  strategy implementation  (F stat 107.52* 0.000) and that organization structure account for 53% (Adjusted R2= 0.5312) variation in organization strategy. It can therefore be concluded that, organization structure plays a significant role in strategy formulation and implementation in Nigeria multinational enterprises. It could be seen that, global matrix structure and product division structure are the most critical elements of organization structure driving strategy implementation in a multinational firm. It is therefore recommended that, multinational firms in Nigeria should employ matrix structure towards the enhancement of their organizati...

Resumo As pesquisas têm demonstrado que existe um gap entre a teoria e as práticas de contabilidade gerencial. Entretanto, a abordagem Value Based Management (VBM), por meio de um de seus mais representativos componentes, o Lucro Residual, tem sido apontada nas pesquisas como uma das mais adotadas pelas empresas nos últimos anos, embora a sua conceituação seja bastante antiga. Para elaboração desse trabalho, recorreu-se à Teoria Institucional com foco na New Institutional Sociology (NIS), a qual tem sido ...

With the availability of the Internet as an Information and Communication Technology (ICT) tool, electronic commerce (e-commerce) has received much attention in many Western and developed countries. However, it has been given little attention in emerging economies, and therefore e-commerce adoption has been particularly difficult for Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs). The purpose of this review paper is to explore several types of barriers that influence the adoption of e-commerce by SMEs in emerging economies. An exhaustive review of the literature was conducted on the subject. It further evaluates and extends Tornatzky and Fleischer’s (1990) Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) framework by adding a micro-level context - that of the ‘entrepreneurial (individual) characteristics of owner-managers’ to examine various contextual challenges SMEs face in adopting e-commerce in emerging economies. The paper examines a number of new dynamic and contextual barriers identified...

Research Question: Under which conditions is the adoption of activity-based costing (ABC) beneficial to the business-unit and, hence, represents the optimal costing system design (CSD)? Motivation: Identifying the situations under which ABC is beneficial with regard to the performance of the business-unit and, thus, represents the optimal CSD is important in order to make a correct decision to invest in ABC. This necessitates the adoption of the matching form of fit when examining the relationship between the influential factors and ABC adoption as an optimal CSD due to its ability to reflect when ABC is beneficial and, therefore, indicate the optimal CSD. This study builds on Ittner et al. (2002) to examine this relationship from the standpoint of the matching form of fit, and also extends this line of research by examining the effect of the most key influential factors, using a sufficiently comprehensive multi-dimensional production complexity (PC) measure. Idea: This paper examin...

Succession in family firms may determine the survival or the failure of the business itself. Management accountingliterature has added little to this issue, mainly focusing on the process of succession and change (Songini et. al, 2013;Giovannoni et al., 2011). The present study deals with new management accounting (MA) practices that the juniorgeneration may introduce during the process of succession. The aim of the study is to show that the introduction of newMA practices can contribute to construct the leadership profile of the junior generation. Drawing on the perspective ofActor-Reality Construction, we conducted a case study at a small-sized, family firm producing solar shading systems.We examined how the process of succession derives from the integration of four dimensions of reality: facts,possibilities, values and communication. Such an integration is facilitated by the introduction of a new accountinginformation system and cost report. The case evidence highlights that the ...

There has been a great interest in terms of environment and its effects in the organization. Apart from environmental conditions, market dynamism is emphasized as another important factor that affects firm performance. Organizations have to compete to survive in a changing environment. In our study, we expected to find out significant relationship through dependent variables (operational performance and market performance) and independent variable as market dynamism. Another goal of our study is to reveal the mediation effects of positive environment conditions and firm innovativeness to firm performance. It should be noted that, our study is based on a survey distributed to 327 people who work in companies in Turkey and analysis results represented the mediating effects of positive environment conditions on firm performance. The obtained data from the questionnaires are analysed through the SPSS statistical packaged software. Further, we compared relationship among the factor analy...

In the past decade researchers have suggested that the use of e-transactions in business has been increasing steadfastly. This phenomenon may be attributed to a number of operational benefits like cost reduction, improved product quality and better customer care. Unfortunately e-transactions have on the other hand increased electronic fraud and other electronic-enabled business consequences including data theft. While this problem exists in any organization, big or small, it is worse for small manufacturing companies that may not have adequate resources to deploy detection and prevention mechanism. Moreover, in a country like Kenya, the increased use of e-transactions and m-transactions in business operations make consistent record keeping difficult and sometimes impossible. This has serious implications on the accounting process. Contemporary researchers in accounting have raised questions over whether the scope of accounting research has been too narrow to provide the longer-term ...

RESUMO No contexto de gestão organizacional e visando o aprofundamento do conhecimento no campo da Contabilidade Gerencial, esta pesquisa propôs um constructo que contribui com a compreensão sobre a percepção dos gestores sobre a sociomaterialidade de práticas de contabilidade gerencial (PCG) com base na lógica institucional cerimonial (uso baseado em ritos) versus a instrumental (uso baseado na resolução de problemas) valendo-se da Nova Sociologia Institucional (NIS) e das digressões de Bush (1983, 1987). Por meio de um levantamento em 102 organizações não financeiras de grande porte que operam no Brasil, identificou-se que, dependendo do arranjo de forças isomórficas e de difusão a que as PCG estão submetidas, elas são levadas a assumir comportamentos cerimonial (5%), instrumental (61%) ou misto (26%). Pode-se inferir que nessas organizações as PCG estão sendo usadas prioritariamente como tecnologias para a resolução de problemas e contribuem com alteração do contexto onde estão i...

With the availability of the Internet as an Information and Communication Technology (ICT) tool, electronic commerce (e-commerce) has received much attention in many Western and developed countries. However, it has been given little attention in emerging economies, and therefore e-commerce adoption has been particularly difficult for Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs). The purpose of this review paper is to explore several types of barriers that influence the adoption of e-commerce by SMEs in emerging economies. An exhaustive review of the literature was conducted on the subject. It further evaluates and extends Tornatzky and Fleischer’s (1990) Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) framework by adding a micro-level context - that of the ‘entrepreneurial (individual) characteristics of owner-managers’ to examine various contextual challenges SMEs face in adopting e-commerce in emerging economies. The paper examines a number of new dynamic and contextual barriers identified...

This study attempts to explore the factors that may lead to the choice behind sophisticated management accounting practices (SMAP) in an emerging economy, Bangladesh. A semi-structured questionnaire has been developed to capture the market data and different descriptive and inferential statistical tools have been used to test relevant hypotheses. The findings of the study are helpful for the management accounting practitioners, academics, and researchers to understand the current state of management accounting practices in an emerging market. In addition, the study brings an extension to existing literature by exploring potential causal relationship between sophistication in applying management accounting tools and satisfaction of management accounting practitioners. This study confirms that there is a missing link between practitioners’ satisfaction and SMAP. It gives a signal to the market that the critical decision-making process is not supported by tactical exercises and market ...

This study sought to examine the effect of organization structure on organization strategy. Survey research design was employed through the administration of structured questionnaire to staff of Nestle Nigeria PLC, Unilever Nigeria PLC and PZ (Cussons) PLC. The findings revealed that, organization structure positively and significantly affects  strategy implementation  (F stat 107.52* 0.000) and that organization structure account for 53% (Adjusted R2= 0.5312) variation in organization strategy. It can therefore be concluded that, organization structure plays a significant role in strategy formulation and implementation in Nigeria multinational enterprises. It could be seen that, global matrix structure and product division structure are the most critical elements of organization structure driving strategy implementation in a multinational firm. It is therefore recommended that, multinational firms in Nigeria should employ matrix structure towards the enhancement of their organizati...

This study attempts to explore the factors that may lead to the choice behind sophisticated management accounting practices (SMAP) in an emerging economy, Bangladesh. A semi-structured questionnaire has been developed to capture the market data and different descriptive and inferential statistical tools have been used to test relevant hypotheses. The findings of the study are helpful for the management accounting practitioners, academics, and researchers to understand the current state of management accounting practices in an emerging market. In addition, the study brings an extension to existing literature by exploring potential causal relationship between sophistication in applying management accounting tools and satisfaction of management accounting practitioners. This study confirms that there is a missing link between practitioners’ satisfaction and SMAP. It gives a signal to the market that the critical decision-making process is not supported by tactical exercises and market ...

The study examined whether career development culture and career support of senior management impact employee career satisfaction. This study validated two new questionnaires: career development culture and career support of senior management. Based on the extended model of social cognitive career theory, the study proposed that these two variables positively impact on employee career satisfaction. Private sector employees (N=196) representing a range of manufacturing and service sector firms from the private sector in Sri Lanka participated in a survey. It is found that, career development culture and the career support of senior management positively impact on career satisfaction. The current findings provide implications to the extended model of social cognitive career theory by testing the hypothesized relationships with a cross sectional study. The current findings propose that an organization should develop a career development culture and the senior management should support ...

This study attempts to explore the factors that may lead to the choice behind sophisticated management accounting practices (SMAP) in an emerging economy, Bangladesh. A semi-structured questionnaire has been developed to capture the market data and different descriptive and inferential statistical tools have been used to test relevant hypotheses. The findings of the study are helpful for the management accounting practitioners, academics, and researchers to understand the current state of management accounting practices in an emerging market. In addition, the study brings an extension to existing literature by exploring potential causal relationship between sophistication in applying management accounting tools and satisfaction of management accounting practitioners. This study confirms that there is a missing link between practitioners' satisfaction and SMAP. It gives a signal to the market that the critical decision-making process is not supported by tactical exercises and mar...

This study attempts to explore the factors that may lead to the choice behind sophisticated management accounting practices (SMAP) in an emerging economy, Bangladesh. A semi-structured questionnaire has been developed to capture the market data and different descriptive and inferential statistical tools have been used to test relevant hypotheses. The findings of the study are helpful for the management accounting practitioners, academics, and researchers to understand the current state of management accounting practices in an emerging market. In addition, the study brings an extension to existing literature by exploring potential causal relationship between sophistication in applying management accounting tools and satisfaction of management accounting practitioners. This study confirms that there is a missing link between practitioners’ satisfaction and SMAP. It gives a signal to the market that the critical decision-making process is not supported by tactical exercises and market ...

This study attempts to explore the factors that may lead to the choice behind sophisticated management accounting practices (SMAP) in an emerging economy, Bangladesh. A semi-structured questionnaire has been developed to capture the market data and different descriptive and inferential statistical tools have been used to test relevant hypotheses. The findings of the study are helpful for the management accounting practitioners, academics, and researchers to understand the current state of management accounting practices in an emerging market. In addition, the study brings an extension to existing literature by exploring potential causal relationship between sophistication in applying management accounting tools and satisfaction of management accounting practitioners. This study confirms that there is a missing link between practitioners' satisfaction and SMAP. It gives a signal to the market that the critical decision-making process is not supported by tactical exercises and mar...

This study attempts to explore the factors that may lead to the choice behind sophisticated management accounting practices (SMAP) in an emerging economy, Bangladesh. A semi-structured questionnaire has been developed to capture the market data and different descriptive and inferential statistical tools have been used to test relevant hypotheses. The findings of the study are helpful for the management accounting practitioners, academics, and researchers to understand the current state of management accounting practices in an emerging market. In addition, the study brings an extension to existing literature by exploring potential causal relationship between sophistication in applying management accounting tools and satisfaction of management accounting practitioners. This study confirms that there is a missing link between practitioners' satisfaction and SMAP. It gives a signal to the market that the critical decision-making process is not supported by tactical exercises and market lacks professionalism greatly which may act as an obstacle to develop a competitive business environment.