Cost and Expense

Expense Analyzer is a mobile-based financial management system designed to help individuals and institutions monitor, categorize, and analyze their expenses efficiently. Financial mismanagement is a challenge faced by many due to the lack of real-time expense tracking tools. We adopted a structured software engineering methodology (SSADM) and implemented the system using React Native, Firebase, and Firestore to support Android and iOS platforms. The system allows users to log transactions, generate reports, receive budget alerts, and visualize spending patterns. Expense Analyzer simplifies personal and institutional budgeting, enabling better financial decisions, accountability, and organization.

Recently, migrants of Bangladesh faced many problems in their destination countries. Therefore, a huge number of migrants have returned home from abroad. The difficulties that the unskilled and semiskilled return migrants are facing in Bangladesh have recently gained more attention. The study identifies the financial and social challenges returnees usually face to reintegrate into their families and communities. A mixed method approach was employed in the villages of two Upazilas of Comilla. Based on the return migrants (on a ten-year reference period), a combination of closed and openended questions was included in the interview schedule to interview 145 respondents among different categories of participants. Aside from the survey, Focus Group Discussions (FGD) were conducted to get in-depth data on the challenges to reintegrate. The study shows that there is a relationship between return and reintegration experiences of returnees and also indicates that returnees must reintegrate socially and economically, as most return migrants are in vulnerable situations after their return. Therefore, there is a need to have policies and programs for the reintegration of returnees.

In view of the level of remittances flowing inlo the country out of the savings of nationals working abroad and their importance to the domestic economy, the present study looks into pattern of use of such remittances for various productive purposes.Productive use is seen here as having implication for the future flow of incomeactual or potential. Based on the experiences of 306 returned migrants from the Middle East it has been shown that about 50 percent of the uses of remittances by the respective households could be labelled as productive. The productive use of remittances would depend on the level of savings that a household can generate out of overseas remittances received over and above the costs incurred due to family expenses and the ability of a family to appreciate the potentials of and to utilise remittances for productive purposes as depending on the socio-economic dynamics of the society. A greater exploitation of the potentials of overseas remittances would require an...

In view of the level of remittances flowing inlo the country out of the savings of nationals working abroad and their importance to the domestic economy, the present study looks into pattern of use of such remittances for various productive purposes.Productive use is seen here as having implication for the future flow of incomeactual or potential. Based on the experiences of 306 returned migrants from the Middle East it has been shown that about 50 percent of the uses of remittances by the respective households could be labelled as productive. The productive use of remittances would depend on the level of savings that a household can generate out of overseas remittances received over and above the costs incurred due to family expenses and the ability of a family to appreciate the potentials of and to utilise remittances for productive purposes as depending on the socio-economic dynamics of the society. A greater exploitation of the potentials of overseas remittances would require an...

This research aims to find out the true extent of remittance utilization on household exploring through three factors: consumption, savings and finally investment. Furthermore, this research work seeks to identify the paradox between motivational aspects of migration and intends to locate the pathway for remittance utilization of household. We have found that migrants we have surveyed are middle aged, mostly illiterate with not much professional or technical training. Also, most of the migrants have utilized the remittance for increasing their well being and not much they have invested or saved in productive sectors.

This research aims to find out the true extent of remittance utilization on household exploring through three factors: consumption, savings and finally investment. Furthermore, this research work seeks to identify the paradox between motivational aspects of migration and intends to locate the pathway for remittance utilization of household. We have found that migrants we have surveyed are middle aged, mostly illiterate with not much professional or technical training. Also, most of the migrants have utilized the remittance for increasing their well being and not much they have invested or saved in productive sectors.

The effect of Covid-19 pandemic is more serious on women than on men globally. This paper aims to highlight on women's inferior positions in the labor market and focuses on the increasing burden of unpaid workloads, job loss, domestic violence, and restricted mobility in the public sphere in response to the COVID-19 outbreak. Both in the formal sector and informal sector, women are facing challenges at workplace as well as home due to increased workload. As they are spending most of the time at home, their arena of social communication has become smaller, on the other hand, activities like exercise, traveling, etc. have decreased. As a result, they are facing both physical and psychological difficulties. The effects are particularly dire in developing countries like Bangladesh. To improve the situation there is a need for more gender-targeted policymaking to reduce such effects on women and give them better shield in the labor market and at home.

This study identifies the current contribution of the informal sector in the economy of Bangladesh, the steps involved, and problems associated with informal sector employment in urban areas of the country. Few previously published data is used with that of 387 respondents from five divisional cities of Bangladesh surveyed using a semi-structured questionnaire. The findings show that the informal sector generates nearly ninety percent of the total employment and contributes nearly half of the GDP. Besides this, the informal sector employment in urban areas of Bangladesh can be structured into six steps sequential process. Participants face several problems in both establishment and operation of their businesses, which are common at both stages but vary in degrees. The most significant problems are the shortage of capital, low profitability, establishment or service charge, and competition. These findings would be valuable in future policymaking in urban planning, employment, and income distribution in Bangladesh.

The paper aims at understanding the importance of Home Based Economic Activities (HBEAs) which acts as a way of sustainable development in third world nations specially in Bangladesh. Both the combination of quantitative and qualitative methods, this paper has been shown how to use home as an extra source of income that can be performed in a convenient room inside and examine the satisfaction and development of Home Based Workers (HBWs) in urban, suburban and rural areas of greater Dhaka region. HBWs basically started their business by-self with their own shake of interests in a little investment and engaged in different types of HBEAs as their primary source of occupation to develop and secure livelihoods. In three study areas, an excellent improvement and satisfaction can be seen among the HBWs. It is important to mention that HB workers generate significant revenue and employment opportunities for people in an area, while supporting local as well as regional economies through their networking, purchasing and selling of goods and services.

This study will be performed to find out whether the IT sectors in Bangladesh are practicing the right process of HR functions and whether this sector is considering HR as an integral part of its business. Simple Random Sampling Method is applied in this study. The study will have both practical and academic value. It will lead anyone to get a clear idea about Human Resource Management Practices, its procedure and present scenario of Bangladesh IT and Software Company in comparison with BASIS rules and regulations. This study will also focus on the issues of functioning and relevant environmental factors in Human Resource Management Practices, and their guidelines in prevention. On the other hand the findings of the study will direct to think about appropriate actions and steps for the betterment of the existing practices.

This study will be performed to find out whether the IT sectors in Bangladesh are practicing the right process of HR functions and whether this sector is considering HR as an integral part of its business. Simple Random Sampling Method is applied in this study. The study will have both practical and academic value. It will lead anyone to get a clear idea about Human Resource Management Practices, its procedure and present scenario of Bangladesh IT and Software Company in comparison with BASIS rules and regulations. This study will also focus on the issues of functioning and relevant environmental factors in Human Resource Management Practices, and their guidelines in prevention. On the other hand the findings of the study will direct to think about appropriate actions and steps for the betterment of the existing practices.

Information and communication technology (ICT) can play a vital rule in every shapes of human life even in where human can't imagine. ICT may change the way of livelihood and education system of a country in a radical way. The urban people easily get the benefits of ICT but rural sides are till now legging behinds of this. This paper mainly focuses the ICT used on primary and secondary educational level schools in rural areas of Bangladesh. Though the rural primary and secondary schools are suffering hundreds of problems in compare with urban schools, ICT can partially minimize the discrimination of this problem. This research mainly presents the current ICT status on rural primary and secondary schools of Sylhet division in Bangladesh.

Plantation is a part of agriculture, in which the cultivation of crops is better planned and refined. According to International Labour Organization the term 'Plantation' includes any agricultural undertaking regularly employing hired workers which is situated in the tropical or subtropical regions and which is mainly concerned with the cultivation or production for commercial purposes of coffee, tea, sugarcane, rubber, bananas, cocoa, coconuts, groundnuts, cotton, tobacco, fibres (sisal, jute and hemp), citrus, palm oil, cinchona or pineapple; it does not include family or small-scale holdings producing for local consumption and not regularly employing hired workers. Plantation crops include variety of products like Tea, Coffee, Rubber, Pepper and other spices; Tobacco also is classified under this category. Rubber is one of the prominent plantation crops of our country and has considerable significance on the Indian economy. In Tamil Nadu, Kanyakumari District accounts for 98 percentage of production of rubber. They provide employment to 1874 people mostly from the rural area where there is very little employment opportunity. This study is to find the Socioeconomic condition such as income, education, wealth, place of residence and employment status of rubber plantation labourers of Kanyakumari District. Due to variety of reasons the conditions in the rubber plantations remained unsatisfactory for a long time. Socioeconomic condition of plantation labourers remained very unsatisfactory with low wages, unhygienic working and living conditions. The questionnaire is the major tool in collecting data. Convenient sampling technique is used for data collection. Percentage analysis is used for analysis.

The study explores the significant factors and utilization of international remittance in Bangladesh by using primary data from 84 migrant households. The study applies multiple linear regression model estimated by OLS method. The estimated results find that household size, training, skill, years at abroad and earnings significantly affect international remittance in Bangladesh. This indicates migrants remit home motivated by mixed views like, altruistic, loan repayment and exchange view. The study also finds 50.01 percent of remittance is utilized only in consumption of food purpose. The study suggests arranging training and skill enhancing programs to migrants and creating investment opportunities.

Entrepreneurship development is necessary in every nations in bid to achieve economic growth and development, but its top must constrains are lack of capital and savings. Therefore, this study examined the effect of socioeconomic factors on savings habits in Jalingo metropolis, Taraba State, Nigeria. Multi-stage sampling technique was employed. In the first stage, five (5) wards were randomly selected from the existing ten (10) wards in Jalingo metropolis. In the second stage half (50%) of the residential areas in each ward were systematically selected. While in the third stage 0.718% of the populations in each of the selected residential areas were drawn to give a total of 130 respondents. Data were collected using structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and regression were used in analysing the data. The results show that income, age and household size have significant effect, while educational level, spouse spending habit and credit facilities have no effects on savings and investment habits.

This paper explores the role of economic remittance in sustainable human development of the people who have been using remittanceas a source of income. Field study was conducted in nine villages of Sonargaon under Narayanganj district for primary data. Semi-structured interviews and case study methods were used for collecting data. Based on the findings of the survey, this paper argues for the utilization of remittance in a productive way to promote sustainable human development in the study areas.

This  research  aims  to  find  out  the  true  extent  of  remittance  utilization  on  household  exploring
through three factors: consumption, savings and finally investment. Furthermore, this research work seeks to
identify the paradox between motivational aspects of migration and intends to locate the pathway for remittance
utilization of household. We have found that migrants we have surveyed are middle aged, mostly illiterate with
not  much  professional  or  technical  training.  Also,  most  of  the  migrants  have  utilized  the  remittance  for
increasing their well being and not much they have invested or saved in productive sectors.