WO2023136481A1 - 고흡수성 수지의 제조 방법 - Google Patents
고흡수성 수지의 제조 방법 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023136481A1 WO2023136481A1 PCT/KR2022/020319 KR2022020319W WO2023136481A1 WO 2023136481 A1 WO2023136481 A1 WO 2023136481A1 KR 2022020319 W KR2022020319 W KR 2022020319W WO 2023136481 A1 WO2023136481 A1 WO 2023136481A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/12—Powdering or granulating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/02—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques
- C08J3/03—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques in aqueous media
- C08J3/075—Macromolecular gels
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
- C08F2/02—Polymerisation in bulk
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
- C08F2/46—Polymerisation initiated by wave energy or particle radiation
- C08F2/48—Polymerisation initiated by wave energy or particle radiation by ultraviolet or visible light
- C08F2/50—Polymerisation initiated by wave energy or particle radiation by ultraviolet or visible light with sensitising agents
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/12—Powdering or granulating
- C08J3/122—Pulverisation by spraying
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/24—Crosslinking, e.g. vulcanising, of macromolecules
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/24—Crosslinking, e.g. vulcanising, of macromolecules
- C08J3/245—Differential crosslinking of one polymer with one crosslinking type, e.g. surface crosslinking
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
- C08J9/06—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a chemical blowing agent
- C08J9/08—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a chemical blowing agent developing carbon dioxide
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
- C08F2/04—Polymerisation in solution
- C08F2/10—Aqueous solvent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
- C08J2203/02—CO2-releasing, e.g. NaHCO3 and citric acid
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2205/00—Foams characterised by their properties
- C08J2205/02—Foams characterised by their properties the finished foam itself being a gel or a gel being temporarily formed when processing the foamable composition
- C08J2205/022—Hydrogel, i.e. a gel containing an aqueous composition
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2333/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2333/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of acids; Metal or ammonium salts thereof
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for preparing a superabsorbent polymer. More specifically, it relates to a method for preparing a superabsorbent polymer in which water absorption properties of the finally produced superabsorbent polymer are improved by adjusting the timing of adding a reducing agent in the step of forming a water-containing gel polymer through foaming polymerization.
- Super Absorbent Polymer is a synthetic high-molecular substance that has the ability to absorb moisture 500 to 1,000 times its own weight. Material), etc., are named by different names.
- the superabsorbent polymer as described above has begun to be put into practical use as a sanitary tool, and is currently widely used as a material for gardening soil remediation agents, civil engineering and construction waterstop materials, seedling sheets, freshness retainers in the field of food distribution, and steaming. .
- the super absorbent polymer is included in a relatively high ratio, so that the super absorbent polymer particles are inevitably included in multiple layers in the sanitary material.
- the superabsorbent polymer In order for the entire superabsorbent polymer particles included in multiple layers to more efficiently absorb a large amount of liquid such as urine, the superabsorbent polymer basically needs to exhibit high absorption performance as well as a fast absorption rate.
- the gelation of the water-containing gel polymer is accelerated to minimize the loss of CO 2 generated in the foam polymerization step, thereby minimizing the final manufacturing process. It is to provide a method for manufacturing a super absorbent polymer having improved absorption properties of the super absorbent polymer.
- the present invention comprises the steps of preparing a monomer composition in which an acrylic acid-based monomer having an acidic group at least partially neutralized, an internal crosslinking agent, a foaming agent, a thermal polymerization initiator, and a photopolymerization initiator are mixed; forming a water-containing gel polymer by irradiating light while injecting a reducing agent into the monomer composition; drying, pulverizing, and classifying the water-containing gel polymer to form a base resin powder; and cross-linking the surface of the base resin powder by heat-treating the base resin powder in the presence of a surface cross-linking agent.
- the manufacturing method of the superabsorbent polymer of the present invention in the step of forming the water-containing gel polymer through foam polymerization, by adjusting the timing of adding the reducing agent, the gelation of the water-containing gel polymer was accelerated to minimize CO 2 loss generated in the foam polymerization step. , Accordingly, it is possible to prepare a superabsorbent polymer that finally realizes excellent absorbent properties.
- first, second, third, etc. are used to describe various components, and the terms are used only for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another.
- polymer refers to a state in which acrylic acid-based monomers are polymerized, and may cover all moisture content ranges or particle size ranges.
- polymers in a state after polymerization and before drying and having a moisture content (moisture content) of about 40% by weight or more may be referred to as hydrogel polymers, and particles obtained by pulverizing and drying such hydrogel polymers may be referred to as crosslinked polymers. there is.
- the term “superabsorbent polymer powder” refers to a particulate material including a crosslinked polymer in which an acrylic acid-based monomer containing an acidic group and at least a portion of the acidic group is neutralized is polymerized and crosslinked by an internal crosslinking agent.
- the term “superabsorbent polymer” refers to a crosslinked polymer obtained by polymerizing an acrylic acid-based monomer containing an acidic group and at least a portion of the acidic group neutralized, or a powder composed of superabsorbent polymer particles in which the crosslinked polymer is pulverized, depending on the context. ) form, or covers all of the crosslinked polymers or base resins in a state suitable for commercialization through additional processes such as surface crosslinking, fine powder reassembly, drying, pulverization, classification, etc. used to do
- crosslinked polymer means crosslinked polymerization in the presence of the acrylic acid-based monomer and an internal crosslinking agent
- base resin particles (powder) refers to a particulate (powder) material containing such a crosslinked polymer.
- a method for preparing a superabsorbent polymer according to an embodiment of the present invention includes preparing a monomer composition in which an acrylic acid-based monomer having an acidic group at least partially neutralized, an internal crosslinking agent, a foaming agent, a thermal polymerization initiator, and a photopolymerization initiator are mixed; forming a water-containing gel polymer by irradiating light while injecting a reducing agent into the monomer composition; drying, pulverizing, and classifying the water-containing gel polymer to form a base resin powder; and heat-treating the base resin powder in the presence of a surface crosslinking agent to crosslink the surface of the base resin powder.
- the present inventors confirmed that, in the step of forming the water-containing gel polymer through foam polymerization, by adjusting the timing of adding the reducing agent, the gelation of the water-containing gel polymer can be accelerated to minimize the loss of CO 2 generated in the foam polymerization step.
- the invention was completed.
- the superabsorbent polymer prepared according to the present invention can realize excellent absorption properties, and in particular, has excellent effective absorption capacity and high absorption rate.
- a method for preparing a superabsorbent polymer according to an embodiment of the present invention includes preparing a monomer composition in which an acrylic acid-based monomer having at least a partially neutralized acidic group, an internal crosslinking agent, a foaming agent, and a photopolymerization initiator are mixed; and forming a water-containing gel polymer by irradiating with light while adding a reducing agent to the monomer composition.
- the step of forming the polymer is a step of forming a water-containing gel polymer by foaming polymerization of the monomer composition in the presence of a foaming agent and an internal crosslinking agent.
- a foaming agent and an internal crosslinking agent are formed in the water-containing gel polymer by the CO 2 generated by the foaming agent, so that the surface area is increased, and thus excellent absorption properties are realized.
- an appropriate crosslinking density of the water-containing gel polymer can be realized by an internal cross-linking agent, thereby realizing an appropriate strength of the water-containing gel polymer.
- a monomer composition is prepared by mixing an acrylic acid-based monomer having at least a partially neutralized acidic group, an internal crosslinking agent, a foaming agent, and a photopolymerization initiator.
- the acrylic acid-based monomer may be any monomer commonly used in the preparation of super absorbent polymers.
- the acrylic acid-based monomer may be a compound represented by Formula 1 below:
- R 1 is an alkyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms including an unsaturated bond
- M 1 is a hydrogen atom, a monovalent or divalent metal, an ammonium group, or an organic amine salt.
- the acrylic acid-based monomer may be at least one selected from the group consisting of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, and monovalent metal salts, divalent metal salts, ammonium salts, and organic amine salts of these acids.
- acrylic acid-based monomers is advantageous in that a superabsorbent polymer having improved water absorbency can be obtained.
- the monomers include maleic anhydride, fumaric acid, crotonic acid, itaconic acid, 2-acryloylethanesulfonic acid, 2-methacryloylethanesulfonic acid, 2-(meth)acryloylpropanesulfonic acid, or 2-( meth)acrylamide-2-methyl propane sulfonic acid anionic monomers and salts thereof; (meth)acrylamide, N-substituted (meth)acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl (meth)acrylate, methoxypolyethylene glycol (meth)acrylate or polyethylene glycol ( nonionic hydrophilic containing monomers of meth)acrylate; and (N,N)-dimethylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate or (N,N)-dimethylaminopropyl (meth)acrylamide, an amino group-containing unsaturated monomer and a quaternary product thereof; at least one selected
- the acrylic acid-based monomer has an acidic group, and at least a part of the acidic group is partially neutralized using a neutralization liquid.
- the monomers may be partially neutralized with an alkali substance such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, ammonium hydroxide or the like.
- the degree of neutralization of the monomer may be 65 to 75 mol%, or 60 to 70 mol%.
- the range of the degree of neutralization may vary depending on the final physical properties, but if the degree of neutralization is too high, neutralized monomers may be precipitated, making it difficult for the polymerization to proceed smoothly. It can exhibit properties like elastic rubber that are difficult to handle.
- internal cross-linking agent used herein is a term used to differentiate from a "surface cross-linking agent" for cross-linking the surface of a base resin, and serves to polymerize by cross-linking the unsaturated bonds of the above-described water-soluble acrylic acid-based monomers.
- Crosslinking in this step proceeds regardless of surface or internal crosslinking, but by the surface crosslinking process of the base resin to be described later, the surface of the finally prepared superabsorbent polymer has a structure crosslinked by a surface crosslinking agent, and the inside is the internal crosslinking agent. It is composed of a cross-linked structure by a cross-linking agent.
- the internal crosslinking agent may be a multifunctional component, for example, N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide, trimethylolpropane tri(meth)acrylate, ethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, polyethylene glycol (meth) Acrylates, propylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, polypropylene glycol (meth)acrylate, butanedioldi(meth)acrylate, butylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, diethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate , Hexanedioldi(meth)acrylate, triethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, tripropylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, tetraethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, dipentaerythritol pentaacrylate, glycerin tri At least one selected from the group consisting of (meth)acrylate, pentaerythol tetraacrylate, triarylamine, ethylene glycol diglycidyl
- the internal crosslinking agent may be used in an amount of 100 ppmw to 10,000 ppmw based on the weight of the acrylic acid-based monomer. It is included in the above content range, and sufficient crosslinking can realize strength above an appropriate level, and sufficient water retention ability can be realized by introducing an appropriate crosslinking structure.
- the foaming agent is a component that reacts with the acrylic acid-based monomer in the monomer composition to generate CO 2 to form appropriate pores in the water-containing gel polymer to increase the surface area of the water-containing gel polymer, thereby improving water absorption properties of the resin.
- gelation is promoted by a reducing agent introduced simultaneously with light irradiation, so that CO 2 generated by a foaming agent can be effectively captured. Accordingly, even with a relatively small amount of blowing agent, an excellent CO 2 capture effect to a desired level can be realized.
- foaming agent for example, carbonate may be used, and examples thereof include sodium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate, potassium bicarbonate, potassium carbonate, and calcium bicarbonate. (calcium bicarbonate), calcium bicarbonate, magnesium bicarbonate or magnesium carbonate may be used. Preferably, sodium bicarbonate may be used.
- the foaming agent may be included in an amount of 500 ppmw to 3,000 ppmw based on the acrylic acid-based monomer, and CO 2 can be effectively captured even with a relatively small amount by a reducing agent described below.
- the blowing agent is 500 ppmw or more, 800 ppmw or more, 1,000 ppmw or more, or 1,500 ppmw or more, and may be included in 3,000 ppmw or less, 2,500 ppmw or less, 2,000 ppmw or less, 800 ppmw to 2,500 ppmw or 1,000 ppmw to 2,000 ppmw. there is.
- the content of the foaming agent is too low, the amount of CO 2 generated is small, and the effect of improving the desired absorption properties is insignificant. If the content of the foaming agent is too high, the number of pores is too large, resulting in a decrease in the gel strength of the superabsorbent polymer and the ability to absorb water. Absorption capacity decreases and density decreases, which may cause problems in distribution and storage, and in particular, fine particles may increase in the grinding process.
- photopolymerization initiator examples include, for example, benzoin ether, dialkyl acetophenone, hydroxyl alkylketone, phenyl glyoxylate, and benzyl dimethyl ketal. At least one compound selected from the group consisting of dimethyl ketal), acyl phosphine and alpha-aminoketone may be used.
- acylphosphine examples include diphenyl (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) phosphine oxide, phenylbis (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) phosphine oxide, ethyl (2,4, 6-trimethylbenzoyl) phenylphosphinate etc. are mentioned.
- acyl phosphine may be used.
- the photopolymerization initiator may be added in an amount of 50 ppmw to 10,000 ppmw, preferably 50 ppmw to 5,000 ppmw, or 100 ppmw to 3,000 ppmw, based on the weight of the acrylic acid-based monomer. If the concentration of the photopolymerization initiator is too low, the polymerization rate may be slowed and a large amount of residual monomer may be extracted into the final product, which is undesirable. Conversely, when the concentration of the photopolymerization initiator is excessively high, the polymer chain constituting the network is shortened, which is undesirable because the physical properties of the resin may be deteriorated, such as an increase in the content of water-soluble components and a decrease in absorbency under pressure.
- thermal polymerization initiator at least one compound selected from the group consisting of a persulfate-based initiator, an azo-based initiator, hydrogen peroxide, and ascorbic acid may be used.
- persulfate-based initiators include sodium persulfate (Na 2 S 2 O 8 ), potassium persulfate (K 2 S 2 O 8 ), and ammonium persulfate (NH 4 ) 2 S 2 O 8 ) and the like.
- 2,2-azobis-(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride 2,2-azobis-(N, N-dimethylene) isobutyramidine dihydrochloride (2,2-azobis- (N, N-dimethylene) isobutyramidine dihydrochloride), 2- (carbamoyl azo) isobutyronitrile (2- (carbamoylazo) isobutylonitril), 2,2-azobis [2- (2-imidazolin-2-yl) propane] dihydrochloride (2,2-azobis [2- (2-imidazolin-2-yl) propane] dihydrochloride), 4, 4-azobis-(4-cyanovaleric acid) and the like are exemplified.
- thermal polymerization initiators it is disclosed on page 203 of Odian's "Principle of Polymerization (Wiley, 1981)", which can be referred to.
- a persulfate-based initiator may be used.
- the thermal polymerization initiator may be added in an amount of 50 ppmw to 5,000 ppmw, preferably 100 ppmw to 3,000 ppmw, or 500 ppmw to 2,500 ppmw, based on the weight of the acrylic acid-based monomer. If the concentration of the thermal polymerization initiator is too low, the polymerization rate may be slowed and a large amount of residual monomer may be extracted into the final product, which is undesirable. Conversely, when the concentration of the polymerization initiator is excessively high, the polymer chain constituting the network is shortened, which is undesirable because the physical properties of the resin may be deteriorated, such as an increase in the content of water-soluble components and a decrease in absorbency under pressure.
- the monomer composition may include a thickener, a plasticizer, a storage stabilizer, and a surfactant as necessary. Additives such as antioxidants may be further included.
- the surfactant induces uniform dispersion of the foaming agent to prevent lowering of gel strength or lowering of density due to uniform foaming during foaming.
- an anionic surfactant it is preferable to use an anionic surfactant.
- the surfactant includes SO 3 - anion, and a compound represented by Formula 2 below may be used.
- R is an alkyl of 8 to 16 carbon atoms.
- the surfactant in an amount of 300 ppmw or less based on the weight of the acrylic acid-based monomer.
- the amount of the surfactant exceeds 300 ppmw, the content of the surfactant in the superabsorbent polymer increases, which is not preferable.
- the surfactant is preferably used in an amount of 100 ppmw or more, or 150 ppmw or more, based on the weight of the water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer.
- the monomer composition may be prepared in the form of a solution in which raw materials such as the above-described monomer, foaming agent, and initiator are dissolved in a solvent.
- any solvent capable of dissolving the above-described raw materials may be used without limitation in its configuration.
- the solvent water, ethanol, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, propylene glycol, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate , methyl ethyl ketone, acetone, methyl amyl ketone, cyclohexanone, cyclopentanone, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol ethyl ether, toluene, xylene, butyrolactone, carbitol, methyl cellosolve acetate, N,N-dimethylacetamide, or mixtures thereof, and the like may be used.
- a method for preparing a superabsorbent polymer according to an embodiment of the present invention includes forming a water-containing gel polymer by injecting a reducing agent into a monomer composition including the above-described components and simultaneously irradiating with light.
- the reducing agent is added to the monomer composition and light irradiation is performed at the same time, thereby accelerating the gelation rate by the reducing agent and effectively trapping CO 2 generated by the foaming agent in the water-containing gel polymer to realize excellent absorption properties.
- the step of forming the hydrogel polymer through polymerization of the monomer composition is performed by photopolymerization, and a reducing agent is simultaneously injected at the time of light irradiation in photopolymerization.
- the polymerization method may proceed in a reactor equipped with a movable conveyor belt.
- a separate light source may be disposed on the belt so that light irradiation can be performed, and the reducing agent is applied to the belt. It is put in when it is discharged into the phase.
- the reducing agent is injected into the monomer composition evenly through a method of spraying the monomer composition, for example, when the monomer composition is discharged from a conveyor belt, through a predetermined dispenser provided in the reactor.
- the redox reaction between the reducing agent and the thermal polymerization initiator in the composition initiates the polymerization reaction of the monomer before photopolymerization is initiated, and accordingly, the monomer Partial formation of a polymer in the composition may make it difficult to discharge the monomer composition for subsequent light irradiation polymerization.
- the thickness of the sheet may vary depending on the concentration and injection speed of the monomer composition to be injected, but it is usually adjusted to a thickness of 0.5 to 10 cm in order to ensure the production rate while allowing the entire sheet to be polymerized evenly. desirable.
- Examples of the reducing agent include sodium sulfite, potassium sulfite, ammonium sulfite, sodium hydrogen sulfite, potassium hydrogen sulfite, ammonium hydrogen sulfite, sodium metabisulfite, potassium metabisulfite, formic acid , At least one selected from the group consisting of oxalic acid, hydrogen peroxide, and ascorbic acid may be used, and preferably, potassium metabisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, and ascorbic acid may be used.
- the reducing agent may be included in an amount of 100 ppmw to 3,000 ppmw based on the acrylic acid-based monomer, and is included in the content range to effectively capture CO 2 .
- it may be included in 100 ppmw to 2,500 ppmw, 200 ppmw to 2,000 ppmw, or 300 ppmw to 1,000 ppmw. If the content of the reducing agent is too low, the CO 2 capture efficiency is lowered, and it is difficult to achieve a desired absorption rate, and if the content of the reducing agent is too high, the thermal polymerization initiator is exhausted, resulting in a large amount of residual monomer. can exist
- a typical moisture content of the water-containing gel polymer obtained in this way may be 40% to 80% by weight.
- moisture content refers to a value obtained by subtracting the weight of the dry polymer from the weight of the hydrogel polymer as the content of moisture with respect to the total weight of the hydrogel polymer. Specifically, it is defined as a value calculated by measuring the weight loss due to moisture evaporation in the polymer during drying by raising the temperature of the polymer through infrared heating. At this time, the drying conditions are such that the temperature is raised from room temperature to 180 ° C and then maintained at 180 ° C. The total drying time is set to 20 minutes including 5 minutes of the temperature raising step, and the moisture content is measured.
- a step of drying the obtained water-containing gel polymer is performed. If necessary, a step of coarsely pulverizing the water-containing gel polymer may be further performed before drying to increase the efficiency of the drying step.
- the grinder used is not limited in configuration, but specifically, a vertical pulverizer, a turbo cutter, a turbo grinder, a rotary cutter mill, a cutting Includes any one selected from the group of crushing devices consisting of a cutter mill, a disc mill, a shred crusher, a crusher, a chopper, and a disc cutter However, it is not limited to the above example.
- the coarsely pulverizing step may be pulverized so that the particle size of the water-containing gel polymer is 2 to 10 mm. Grinding to a particle diameter of less than 2 mm is not technically easy due to the high water content of the hydrogel polymer, and also may cause agglomeration of the pulverized particles. On the other hand, when the particle diameter is greater than 10 mm, the effect of increasing the efficiency of the subsequent drying step may be insignificant.
- the drying temperature of the drying step may be 150 to 250 °C.
- the drying temperature is less than 150 ° C, the drying time is too long and there is a concern that the physical properties of the finally formed superabsorbent polymer may deteriorate, and when the drying temperature exceeds 250 ° C, only the polymer surface is excessively dried, resulting in a subsequent pulverization process There is a concern that fine powder may be generated in the water, and physical properties of the finally formed superabsorbent polymer may be deteriorated. Therefore, preferably, the drying may be performed at a temperature of 150 to 200 °C, more preferably at a temperature of 170 to 195 °C.
- drying time in consideration of process efficiency, etc., it may be carried out for 20 to 90 minutes, but is not limited thereto.
- the composition may be selected and used without limitation.
- the drying step may be performed by a method such as hot air supply, infrared ray irradiation, microwave irradiation, or ultraviolet ray irradiation.
- the water content of the polymer after the drying step may be about 0.1 to about 10% by weight.
- the polymer powder obtained after the grinding step may have a particle size of 150 to 850 ⁇ m.
- the grinder used for grinding to such a particle size is specifically, a pin mill, a hammer mill, a screw mill, a roll mill, a disc mill, or a jog mill. A jog mill or the like may be used, but is not limited to the above example.
- a separate process of classifying the polymer particles obtained after pulverization according to the particle size may be performed.
- polymers having a particle diameter of 150 to 850 ⁇ m may be classified, and only polymer particles having such a particle diameter may be commercialized through a surface crosslinking reaction step.
- the classified base resin may have a particle size of 150 to 850 ⁇ m, and may include particles having a particle size of 300 to 600 ⁇ m in an amount of 50% by weight or more.
- the manufacturing method of the superabsorbent polymer according to one embodiment of the present invention further includes crosslinking a part of the surface of the base resin by heat-treating the base resin in the presence of surface crosslinking.
- the surface cross-linking step is to induce a cross-linking reaction on the surface of the base resin in the presence of a surface cross-linking agent, and unsaturated bonds of acrylic acid-based monomers remaining on the surface are cross-linked by the surface cross-linking agent, increasing the surface cross-linking density.
- An elevated super absorbent polymer is formed.
- a surface crosslinking layer may be formed by a heat treatment process due to the presence of a surface crosslinking agent, and the heat treatment process increases the surface crosslinking density, that is, the external crosslinking density, while the internal crosslinking density does not change, resulting in a surface crosslinking layer.
- the formed superabsorbent polymer has a structure in which the crosslinking density is higher on the outside than on the inside.
- a surface cross-linking agent composition containing an alcohol-based solvent and water may be used in addition to the surface cross-linking agent.
- the surface crosslinking agent included in the surface crosslinking agent composition any crosslinking agent component previously used in the preparation of superabsorbent polymer may be used without any particular limitation.
- the surface crosslinking agent is ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,2-hexanediol, 1,3-hexanediol, 2- 1 selected from the group consisting of methyl-1,3-propanediol, 2,5-hexanediol, 2-methyl-1,3-pentanediol, 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol, tripropylene glycol and glycerol more than one polyol; At least one carbonate-based compound selected from the group consisting of ethylene carbonate and propylene carbonate; epoxy compounds such as ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether; o
- Such a surface crosslinking agent may be used in an amount of 0.001 to 2 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the base resin powder. Preferably, it is 0.005 parts by weight or more, 0.01 parts by weight or more, or 0.02 parts by weight or more, and may be used in an amount of 0.5 parts by weight or less and 0.3 parts by weight or less.
- a superabsorbent polymer exhibiting various physical properties such as excellent absorption performance and liquid permeability can be prepared.
- the surface cross-linking agent is added to the base resin in the form of a surface cross-linking agent composition containing the surface cross-linking agent composition.
- a method of mixing a surface cross-linking agent composition and a base resin in a reaction tank, a method of spraying a surface cross-linking agent composition on a base resin, a method of continuously supplying and mixing a base resin and a surface cross-linking agent composition to a continuously operated mixer, etc. can be used.
- the surface crosslinking agent composition may further include water and/or a hydrophilic organic solvent as a medium.
- water and/or a hydrophilic organic solvent as a medium.
- the content of water and hydrophilic organic solvent is added to 100 parts by weight of the base resin for the purpose of inducing uniform dissolution / dispersion of the surface crosslinking agent, preventing aggregation of the base resin, and at the same time optimizing the surface penetration depth of the surface crosslinking agent It can be applied by adjusting the ratio.
- the surface crosslinking step may be performed by heat treatment at a temperature of 110 °C to 220 °C or 110 °C to 195 °C for 30 minutes or more. More specifically, the surface crosslinking reaction may be performed by heat treatment for 30 to 80 minutes or 40 to 70 minutes at the maximum reaction temperature with the above-mentioned temperature as the maximum reaction temperature.
- the means for raising the temperature for the surface crosslinking reaction is not particularly limited. It can be heated by supplying a heat medium or directly supplying a heat source.
- a heat medium As the type of heat medium that can be used, steam, hot air, heated fluids such as hot oil, etc. can be used, but are not limited thereto, and the temperature of the heat medium supplied depends on the means of the heat medium, the heating rate, and the target temperature of the heating medium. can be selected appropriately.
- the directly supplied heat source heating through electricity or heating through gas may be mentioned, but is not limited to the above example.
- aluminum salts such as aluminum sulfate salts and other various polyvalent metal salts may be further used to further improve liquid permeability and the like during surface crosslinking.
- a polyvalent metal salt may be included on the surface crosslinking layer of the finally prepared superabsorbent polymer.
- the superabsorbent polymer prepared according to the above-described embodiment may have a particle diameter of 150 to 850 ⁇ m. More specifically, at least 95% by weight of the superabsorbent polymer has a particle size of 150 to 850 ⁇ m, and may include 50% by weight or more of particles having a particle size of 300 to 600 ⁇ m, and having a particle size of less than 150 ⁇ m Fines can be less than 3% by weight.
- the superabsorbent polymer prepared according to one embodiment described above implements excellent absorbent properties, and in particular, exhibits excellent absorbent rate and effective absorbent capacity.
- the super absorbent polymer may have a vortex time of less than 60 seconds, less than 58 seconds, or less than 55 seconds at 24.0 ° C. according to the vortex method at 24.0 ° C.
- the absorption rate is excellent as the value is small, and the lower limit of the absorption rate is 0 seconds in theory, but may be, for example, 5 seconds or more, 10 seconds or more, or 20 seconds or more.
- a method for measuring the absorption rate of the superabsorbent polymer will be described in more detail in Experimental Examples to be described later.
- the superabsorbent polymer has an effective absorption capacity (EFFC) of 26.5 g/g or more calculated by Equation 1 below.
- the effective absorption capacity is preferably 26.6 g/g or more and 26.8 g/g or more.
- the water retention capacity means the centrifugal water retention capacity (CRC) measured according to the EDANA method WSP 241.3, and the method for measuring the water retention capacity will be described in more detail in an experimental example to be described later.
- the absorbent capacity under pressure means the absorbent capacity under pressure (AUP) at 0.7 psi measured according to the EDANA method WSP 242.3, and the method for measuring the absorbent capacity under pressure will be described in more detail in an experimental example to be described later.
- the monomer composition was supplied at a speed of 500 to 2000 mL/min on a conveyor belt in which a belt having a width of 10 cm and a length of 2 m rotated at a speed of 50 cm/min, and the monomer composition was discharged onto the conveyor belt.
- 400 ppmw of sodium metabisulfite (compared to acrylic acid) as a reducing agent component was added in a manner of uniformly spraying the discharged monomer composition with a predetermined dispenser.
- polymerization was performed by light irradiation for 1 minute simultaneously with the supply of the monomer composition.
- the water-containing gel polymer was coarsely pulverized with a chopper having a hole size of 16 mm, put into an oven capable of transferring air volume up and down, and dried with hot air at 190 ° C. for 30 minutes.
- the dried material was put into a pin mill grinder and pulverized, and then classified with an ASTM standard mesh sieve to obtain an acrylic acid-based base resin powder having a particle size of 150 to 850 ⁇ m.
- a surface crosslinking solution (ethylene carbonate 1.0g, propylene glycol 0.8g, and water 3.5g) was sprayed on 100 g of the prepared base resin powder and stirred at room temperature to evenly distribute the surface crosslinking solution on the base resin powder. Mixed while stirring at 300 rpm for seconds.
- a surface crosslinking reaction was performed by putting the mixture including the surface crosslinking solution and the acrylic base resin powder into a surface crosslinking reactor.
- this surface crosslinking reactor it was confirmed that the temperature of the base resin powder gradually increased from an initial temperature of around 80° C., and was operated to reach a maximum reaction temperature of 195° C. after 30 minutes. After reaching the maximum reaction temperature, the reaction was further conducted for 20 minutes, and then a sample of the superabsorbent polymer was finally prepared. After the surface crosslinking process, the superabsorbent polymer was classified using a standard ASTM mesh sieve to have a particle diameter of 150 ⁇ m to 850 ⁇ m.
- Example 1 a superabsorbent polymer was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the content of the reducing agent was increased to 600 ppmw compared to acrylic acid.
- a superabsorbent polymer was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the amount of the reducing agent was increased to 800 ppmw compared to acrylic acid.
- Example 1 a superabsorbent polymer was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) was changed to 100 ppm relative to acrylic acid as a reducing agent.
- hydrogen peroxide H 2 O 2
- Example 1 In the first step of Example 1, a superabsorbent polymer was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that a reducing agent was not used.
- a superabsorbent polymer was prepared in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1, except that the content of the foaming agent in Comparative Example 1 was increased to 2,000 ppmw compared to acrylic acid.
- Example 1 After polymerization was completed without using a reducing agent in the first polymerization step of Example 1, 400 ppmw of sodium metabisulfite (compared to acrylic acid) was mixed with the water-containing gel polymer, and then introduced into a chopper to perform a coarse grinding process A superabsorbent polymer was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except for the above.
- resins were obtained by sifting the superabsorbent polymers obtained in Examples and Comparative Examples through a #30-50 sieve.
- This resin W'0(g) (about 0.2 g) was uniformly placed in a bag made of nonwoven fabric and sealed, and then immersed in physiological saline (0.9% by weight) at room temperature. After 30 minutes, water was drained from the bag for 3 minutes under the condition of 250 G using a centrifugal separator, and the mass W'2 (g) of the bag was measured. Moreover, after carrying out the same operation without using resin, the mass W'1(g) at that time was measured. Using each obtained mass, CRC (g/g) was calculated according to Equation 2 below.
- the absorbency under pressure of 0.7 psi of each resin was measured according to the EDANA method WSP 242.3. In the measurement of the absorbency under pressure, the resin classification at the time of the CRC measurement was used.
- a stainless steel 400 mesh wire mesh was attached to the bottom of a plastic cylinder having an inner diameter of 25 mm.
- Absorbent resin W0 (g) (0.16 g) is uniformly sprayed on a wire mesh under conditions of room temperature and humidity of 50%, and a piston capable of uniformly applying a load of 0.7 psi thereon is a cylindrical cylinder with an outer diameter slightly smaller than 25 mm. There is no gap with the inner wall of the wall, and the up and down movement is not hindered. At this time, the weight W3 (g) of the device was measured.
- a glass filter having a diameter of 90 mm and a thickness of 5 mm was placed inside a petro dish having a diameter of 150 mm, and physiological saline solution composed of 0.9% by weight sodium chloride was leveled with the upper surface of the glass filter.
- One sheet of filter paper having a diameter of 90 mm was placed thereon.
- the measuring device was placed on a filter paper, and the liquid was absorbed for 1 hour under a load. After 1 hour, the measuring device was lifted up and its weight W 4 (g) was measured.
- AUP(g/g) [W 4 (g) - W 3 (g)]/W 0 (g)
- the absorption rate (vortex time) of the superabsorbent polymers of Examples and Comparative Examples was measured in the following manner.
- a magnetic bar (diameter 8 mm, length 30 mm) was placed in the beaker.
- the stirrer was operated so that the magnetic bar was stirred at 600 rpm, and the lowest part of the vortex generated by the stirring was brought into contact with the top of the magnetic bar.
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Abstract
Description
| 구분 | CRC (g/g) |
AUP (g/g) |
EFFC | Vortex 흡수속도 (초) |
| 실시예 1 | 28.7 | 24.8 | 26.8 | 58 |
| 실시예 2 | 28.4 | 24.7 | 26.6 | 52 |
| 실시예 3 | 28.2 | 24.7 | 26.5 | 50 |
| 실시예 4 | 28.7 | 24.7 | 26.7 | 56 |
| 비교예 1 | 28.9 | 25.1 | 27.0 | 63 |
| 비교예 2 | 28.7 | 24.8 | 26.8 | 62 |
| 비교예 3 | 27.5 | 25.2 | 26.4 | 63 |
Claims (12)
- 적어도 일부가 중화된 산성기를 갖는 아크릴산계 단량체, 내부 가교제, 발포제, 열중합 개시제 및 광중합 개시제를 혼합한 단량체 조성물을 제조하는 단계;상기 단량체 조성물에 환원제를 투입하면서 동시에 광조사하여 함수겔 중합체를 형성하는 단계;상기 함수겔 중합체를 건조, 분쇄 및 분급하여 베이스 수지 분말을 형성하는 단계; 및표면 가교제의 존재 하에, 상기 베이스 수지 분말을 열처리하여 베이스 수지 분말의 표면을 가교하는 단계를 포함하는, 고흡수성 수지의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 아크릴산계 단량체의 중화도는 65 몰% 내지 75 몰%인,고흡수성 수지의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 발포제는, 상기 아크릴산계 단량체에 대하여 500 ppmw 내지 3,000 ppmw로 포함되는,고흡수성 수지의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 발포제는, 소디움 비카보네이트(sodium bicarbonate), 소디움 카보네이트(sodium carbonate), 포타슘 비카보네이트(potassium bicarbonate), 포타슘 카보네이트(potassium carbonate), 칼슘 비카보네이트(calcium bicarbonate), 칼슘 카보네이트(calcium bicarbonate), 마그네슘 비카보네이트(magnesiumbicarbonate), 마그네슘 카보네이트(magnesium carbonate), 암모늄 비카보네이트(ammonium bicarbonate) 및 암모늄 카보네이트(ammonium bicarbonate)로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 1종 이상인,고흡수성 수지의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 환원제는, 상기 아크릴산계 단량체에 대하여 100 ppmw 내지 3,000 ppmw로 포함되는,고흡수성 수지의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 환원제는, 소디움 설파이트, 포타슘 설파이트, 암모늄 설파이트, 소디움 하이드로젠 설파이트, 포타슘하이드로젠 설파이트, 암모늄 하이드로젠 설파이트, 소듐 메타비설파이트, 포타슘 메타비설파이트, 포름산, 옥살산, 과산화수소 및 아스코르브산으로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 1종 이상인,고흡수성 수지의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 광중합 개시제는, 상기 아크릴산계 단량체에 대하여 50 ppmw 내지 10,000 ppmw로 포함되는,고흡수성 수지의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 광중합 개시제는, 벤조인 에테르(benzoin ether), 디알킬아세토페논(dialkyl acetophenone), 하이드록실 알킬케톤(hydroxyl alkylketone), 페닐글리옥실레이트(phenyl glyoxylate), 벤질디메틸케탈(Benzyl Dimethyl Ketal), 아실포스핀(acyl phosphine) 및 알파-아미노케톤(α-aminoketone)으로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 1종 이상인,고흡수성 수지의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 열중합 개시제는, 상기 아크릴산계 단량체에 대하여 50 ppmw 내지 5,000 ppmw로 포함되는,고흡수성 수지의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 열중합 개시제는, 과황산염계 개시제, 아조계 개시제, 과산화수소 및 아스코르빈산으로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 1종 이상인,고흡수성 수지의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,볼텍스법에 따른 24.0℃에서의 흡수 속도(vortex time)가 60초 미만인,고흡수성 수지의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 고흡수성 수지는, 하기 수학식 1로 계산되는 유효 흡수능(EFFC)이 26.5 g/g 이상인,고흡수성 수지의 제조 방법:[수학식 1]유효 흡수능(EFFC) = {보수능(CRC) + 0.7 psi 가압 흡수능(AUP)}/2
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| EP22920810.3A EP4410874A4 (en) | 2022-01-11 | 2022-12-14 | PROCESS FOR PREPARING A SUPERABSORBENT POLYMER |
| US18/706,839 US20250011550A1 (en) | 2022-01-11 | 2022-12-14 | Preparation Method of Super Absorbent Polymer |
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| KR20160128350A (ko) * | 2014-03-03 | 2016-11-07 | 가부시키가이샤 닛폰 쇼쿠바이 | 폴리아크릴산(염)계 흡수성 수지의 제조 방법 |
| KR101812895B1 (ko) * | 2016-09-20 | 2017-12-28 | 롯데케미칼 주식회사 | 고흡수성 수지 제조방법 |
| KR20180003815A (ko) * | 2016-07-01 | 2018-01-10 | 한화케미칼 주식회사 | 고흡수성 수지 제조 방법 |
| KR20200071032A (ko) * | 2018-12-10 | 2020-06-18 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 고흡수성 수지의 제조 방법 |
| KR20210037450A (ko) * | 2019-09-27 | 2021-04-06 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 고흡수성 수지의 제조 방법 |
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| ATE448253T1 (de) * | 2003-03-26 | 2009-11-15 | Basf Se | Farbstabile superabsorberpolymerzusammensetzung |
| KR102508435B1 (ko) * | 2017-12-15 | 2023-03-08 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 고흡수성 수지의 제조 방법 |
| CN113372611B (zh) * | 2021-06-07 | 2023-12-29 | 万华化学集团股份有限公司 | 一种可提高吸收速度的超吸收聚合物及其制备方法与应用 |
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| KR20160128350A (ko) * | 2014-03-03 | 2016-11-07 | 가부시키가이샤 닛폰 쇼쿠바이 | 폴리아크릴산(염)계 흡수성 수지의 제조 방법 |
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| See also references of EP4410874A4 |
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| US20250011550A1 (en) | 2025-01-09 |
| EP4410874A4 (en) | 2025-02-12 |
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