RU29424U1 - A radio communication system between a moving object and a fixed object located at the starting point of the moving object’s movement route - Google Patents

Description

RADIO COMMUNICATION SYSTEM BETWEEN MOBILE OBJECT AND

FIXED OBJECT LOCATED IN THE INITIAL

MOBILE OBJECT ROUTE ITEM

The technical solution relates to radio communications, and in particular to systems for transmitting information to a moving object from a fixed object located at the starting point of the moving object’s movement route.

A known satellite radio communication system (see, for example, OV Golovin, NI Chistyakov, V. Schwartz, I. Hardon Aguilar. Radio communication. Edited by OV Golovin. - M.: Hot line - Telecom , 2001, pp. 224-279), comprising a first transceiver station located on a fixed object, an intermediate transceiver station located on an artificial Earth satellite, a second transceiver station located on a moving object.

This system allows you to provide a large range of radio communication between a ground-based stationary object and a moving object located on or near the Earth’s surface, regardless of their travel routes, however, it requires the launch of radio communication satellites into Earth orbits and control their movement and functioning, which complicates the system.

At the same time, significant satellite orbit heights (from hundreds of kilometers in systems with low near-earth orbits to tens of thousands of kilometers in systems with highly elliptical and geostationary orbits - see, for example, Yu.M. Gornostaev, VV Sokolov, L.M. Nevdyaev. Promising satellite communication systems. - M.: Hot line - Telecom, 2000, p. 71) require application on

space station, as well as on fixed and mobile objects of high-power transceiver devices equipped with highly directional antennas.

However, an increase in the power of transceiver devices causes a deterioration in their overall dimensions, a decrease in the noise immunity of various electronic devices located on a fixed and a moving object, and a decrease in the electromagnetic safety of people on a fixed and a moving object.

This drawback, combined with the limited capabilities of creating antennas with a high gain, leads to an increase in the volume of geometric space occupied by this radio communication system (the size of the coverage area of the earth's surface with one beam of a satellite repeater reaches hundreds of kilometers in diameter - see ibid., Pp. 78-110 ), which reduces the efficiency of the system in the conditions of simultaneous operation of several radio communication systems.

The term "volume of geometric space characterizes one of the three main (along with the frequency band and operating time) components of the radio frequency space occupied by the radio communication system (see N. A. Loginov. Actual issues of radio monitoring in the Russian Federation. - M .: Radio and communication, 2000, p. 11-12).

A known radio communication system between aircraft (see, for example, P. S. Davydov, P. A. Ivanov. Operation of aircraft electronic equipment. Handbook. - M .: Transport, 1990, p. 88-92), containing the first transceiver station located at the ground control station, the second transceiver station located on the aircraft. radio communications with an aircraft flying at high altitudes along an arbitrary route. However, the range of radio communications with a low-flying aircraft is significantly reduced as a result of the influence of reflection of electromagnetic waves from the Earth's surface (see, for example, Theoretical Foundations of Radar. Edited by V.E. Dulevich. - M.: Soviet Radio, 1978, p. 410) . To increase the range of radio communications, it is necessary to increase the power of transceiver stations located at the ground control station and aircraft, as well as the directivity of the antennas of these transceiver stations. However, an increase in the power of transceiver stations causes a deterioration in their overall dimensions, a decrease in the noise immunity of various electronic equipment located at the control room and the aircraft, as well as a decrease in the electromagnetic safety of people at the control room and the aircraft. This drawback, combined with the limited capabilities for creating antennas with a high gain, leads to an increase in the volume of geometric space occupied by this radio communication system, which reduces the efficiency of the system in conditions of simultaneous operation of several radio communication systems. The technical problem to be solved is to improve the overall dimensions of the transceiver stations of the moving object and the fixed object located at the starting point of the moving path of the moving object, to increase the noise immunity of various electronic equipment located on the fixed and mobile objects, to increase the electromagnetic safety of people on fixed and mobile objects, to reduce volume

h of the geometrical space occupied by this radio communication system, and, consequently, increasing the efficiency of the system under the conditions of simultaneous operation of several radio communication systems based on radio communication using low-power intermediate transceiver stations discharged from a moving object equipped with omnidirectional antennas. The solution of a technical problem in a radio communication system between a moving object and a fixed object located at the starting point of a moving object’s movement route containing a radio transmitting station and a radio receiving station located on a fixed object and on a moving object, respectively, is achieved by the fact that the system also contains intermediate transceiver stations, control unit, speed meter, task unit, reset unit located on a moving object, the reset unit contains an electric drive, a conveyor, on a belt Supporting elements are fixed to the conveyor, and intermediate transceiver stations are placed one in each of the bearing elements, and to each intermediate transceiver station located in the bearing element, parachute is laid with the help of slings, laid in this bearing element, the reset unit contains magnets placed one at a time in each of the unsuccessful elements, the body of the moving object has an opening, the radio transmitting station contains a message source, a first frequency converter, a first local oscillator, a first amplifier A power amplifier, a first transmitting antenna, a radio receiving station comprises a first receiving antenna, a first bandpass filter, a first low noise amplifier, a second frequency converter, a controlled generator, a first intermediate frequency amplifier, the first processing channels, the number of which is equal to the number of intermediate transceiver stations in the group of intermediate

transceiver stations with a maximum number of intermediate transceiver stations, each of which contains a second band-pass filter, a first power meter, a first analog-to-digital converter, a radio receiver also contains a first analog switch, a first microcontroller, a first demodulator, a message receiver, each intermediate transceiver station contains the power supply unit, the transceiver unit contains a second receiving antenna, a third band-pass filter, a second low-noise amplifier, third frequency converter, second local oscillator, second intermediate frequency amplifier, second processing channels, the number of which is equal to the number of intermediate transceiver stations in the group of intermediate transceiver stations with a maximum number of intermediate transceiver stations, each of which contains a fourth band-pass filter, a second power meter, and a second analog-to-digital Converter, the transceiver unit also contains a second analog switch, a second microcontroller, the second demodulate p, the fourth frequency converter, the third local oscillator, the second power amplifier, the second transmitting antenna, the power supply unit contains an electromagnetic relay, a reed contact, a battery, while the outputs of the reference unit and speed meter are connected to the corresponding inputs of the control unit, one of the outputs of which is connected to the control input controlled generator of the radio receiving station, the other output of the control unit is connected to the input of the conveyor electric drive, in the radio transmitting station, the output of the message source is connected to the first input ervogo frequency converter, a second input coupled to an output of the first oscillator, a first frequency converter output is connected with the input of the first power amplifier whose output is connected to the input of the first

the transmitter antenna, in the radio receiving station, the output of the first receiving antenna is connected to the input of the first bandpass filter, the output of which is connected to the input of the first low-noise amplifier, the output of which is connected to the first input of the second frequency converter, the second input of which is connected to the output of the controlled generator, the output of the second frequency converter is connected with the input of the first intermediate frequency amplifier, the output of which is connected to the inputs of all second bandpass filters, the output of the second bandpass filter of each first Nala processing sootvetstvuyupschm connected to a switched input of the first analog switch and to the input of a corresponding first

power meter, the output of the latter is connected to the input of the corresponding first analog-to-digital converter, the outputs of which are connected to the corresponding inputs of the first microcontroller, the outputs of which are connected to the control inputs of the first analog switch, the outputs of which are connected to the input of the first demodulator, the output of which is connected to the input of the message recipient, in the transceiver unit of each intermediate transceiver station, the output of the second receiving antenna is connected to the input of the third bandpass filter RA, the output of which is connected to the input of the second low-noise amplifier, the output of which is connected to the first input of the third frequency converter, the second input of which is connected to the output of the second local oscillator, the output of the third frequency converter is connected to the input of the second intermediate frequency amplifier, the output of which is connected to the inputs of all fourth filters, the output of the fourth band-pass filter of every second processing channel is connected to the corresponding switched input of the second analog switch and to the input of the corresponding there is a second power meter, the output of the latter is connected to the input of the corresponding second analog-to-digital converter, outputs

which is connected to the corresponding inputs of the second microcontroller, the outputs of which are connected to the control inputs of the second analog switch, the outputs of which are connected to the input of the second demodulator, the output of which is connected to the first input of the fourth frequency converter, the second input of which is connected to the output of the third local oscillator, the output of the fourth frequency converter is connected with the input of the second power amplifier, the output of which is connected to the input of the second transmitting antenna, in the power supply unit of each intermediate at of the transmitting station, the first output of the coil of the electromagnetic relay is connected to the positive pole

battery, the second terminal is connected to the first terminal of the reed switch, the second terminal of which is connected to the negative pole of the battery, the positive pole of the battery is connected through normally closed contacts of the electromagnetic relay to the positive power terminal of the transceiver unit, the negative power terminal of which is connected to the negative pole of the battery.

The term "moving object is generally accepted (see, for example, Solovyov, Yu.A. Satellite Navigation Systems. - M.: Eco-Trends, 2000, p. 49). Moving objects include, in particular, means of land, water and air transport, equipped with radio communications, and moving objects can not only be in motion, but also make stops.

In FIG. 1, a stationary object and a moving object, a radio transmitting station and a radio receiving station located respectively on a fixed object and on a moving object, intermediate transceiving stations dropped from a moving object, for the case in which the fixed object is a ground vehicle, the moving object is

low-flying aircraft, the number of dropped intermediate transceiver stations is eight.

In Fig. 2, a radio receiving station, a control unit, a speed meter, a task unit, a reset unit containing an electric drive, a conveyor located on a moving object, load-bearing elements fixed on a conveyor belt, magnets fixed one in each of the load-bearing elements are conventionally shown, intermediate transceiver stations placed one at a time in each of the bearing elements located in the upper position, and a parachute is attached to each of these intermediate transceiver stations, in case this position the number of intermediate transceiver stations is six.

In FIG. 3 conventionally depicts a radio transmitting station.

In FIG. 4, a radio receiving station is conventionally depicted for the case in which the number of intermediate transceiver stations in each group of intermediate transceiver stations is two.

In FIG. 5, the transceiver unit of the intermediate transceiver station is conventionally shown for the case in which the number of intermediate transceiver stations in each group of intermediate transceiver stations is two.

In FIG. 6 conventionally depicts an intermediate transceiver station.

The radio communication system between the moving object and the fixed object located at the starting point of the moving object motion path shown in FIG. 1-6, comprises a radio transmitting station 3 and a radio receiving station 4 located on the fixed object 1 and on the moving object 2, respectively, intermediate transceiver stations 5 located on the moving object 2, a control unit 6, a speed meter 7, a task unit 8, a reset unit 9 .

iMi / M

placed on a movable object 2, the reset unit 9 contains an electric drive 10, a conveyor 11, the supporting elements 13 are fixed on the tape 12 of the conveyor 11, and the intermediate transceiver stations 5 are placed one in each of the supporting elements 13 in the upper position, and to each intermediate the transceiver station 5, located in the supporting element 13, is attached with the help of slings 14 to the parachute 15, laid in this supporting element 13, the reset unit 9 contains magnets 16, placed one in each of the supporting elements 13, the housing 17 under Each object 2 has an opening 18, the radio transmitting station 3 contains a message source 19, a first frequency converter 20, a first local oscillator 21, a first power amplifier 22, a first transmitting antenna 23, a radio receiving station 4 contains a first receiving antenna 24, a first band-pass filter 25, a first low-noise amplifier 26, second frequency converter 27, controlled generator 28, first intermediate frequency amplifier 29, first processing channels 30, the number of which is equal to the number of intermediate transceiver stations 5 in the group of intermediate and transmitting stations 5 with a maximum number of intermediate transceiving stations 5, each of which contains a second bandpass filter 31, a first power meter 32, a first analog-to-digital converter 33, a radio receiving station 4 also contains a first analog switch 34, a first microcontroller 35, a first demodulator 36, a receiver 37 messages, each intermediate transceiver station 5 contains a transceiver unit 38 and a power unit 39, the transceiver unit 38 contains a second receiving antenna 40, a third band-pass filter 41, second low-noise amplifier 42, third frequency converter 43, second local oscillator 44, second intermediate frequency amplifier 45, second processing channels 46, number

which is equal to the number of intermediate transceiver stations 5 in the group of intermediate transceiver stations 5 with a maximum number of intermediate transceiver stations 5, each of which contains a fourth bandpass filter 47, a second power meter 48, a second analog-to-digital converter 49, and the transceiver unit 38 also contains a second analog switch 50, the second microcontroller 51, the second demodulator 52, the fourth frequency converter 53, the third local oscillator 54, the second power amplifier 55, the second transmitting antenna 56, b approx 39 comprises power electromagnetic relay 57, the reed switch 58, the battery 59.

The outputs of the task unit 8 and the speed meter 7 are connected to the corresponding inputs of the control unit 6, one of the outputs of which is connected to the control input of the controlled generator 28 of the radio receiving station 4, the other output of the control unit 6 is connected to the input of the electric drive 10 of the conveyor 11, in the radio transmitting station 3, the source output 19 messages are connected to the first input of the first frequency converter 20, the second input of which is connected to the output of the first local oscillator 21, the output of the first frequency converter 20 is connected to the input of the first amplifier 22 power, the output of which is connected to the input of the first transmitting antenna 23, in the radio receiving station 4, the output of the first receiving antenna 24 is connected to the input of the first band-pass filter 25, the output of which is connected to the input of the first low-noise amplifier 26, the output of which is connected to the first input of the second frequency converter 27 the second input of which is connected to the output of the controlled generator 28, the output of the second frequency converter 27 is connected to the input of the first intermediate frequency amplifier 29, the output of which is connected to the inputs of all second bands new filters 31, the output of the second band-pass filter 31 of each first processing channel 30 is connected to the corresponding switch input of the first

mi i 10

analog switch 34 and with the input of the corresponding first power meter 32, the output of the latter is connected to the input of the corresponding first analog-to-digital converter 33, the outputs of which are connected to the corresponding inputs of the first microcontroller 35, the outputs of which are connected to the control inputs of the first analog switch 34, the outputs of which are connected to the input of the first demodulator 36, the output of which is connected to the input of the recipient 37 messages, in the transceiver unit 38 of each intermediate transceiver station 5, the output of the second receiving antenna 40 is connected to the input of the third band-pass filter 41, the output of which is connected to the input of the second low-noise amplifier 42, the output of which is connected to the first input of the third frequency converter 43, the second input of which is connected to the output of the second local oscillator 44, the output of the third frequency converter 43 connected to the input of the second intermediate frequency amplifier 45, the output of which is connected to the inputs of all fourth band-pass filters 47, the output of the fourth band-pass filter 47 of each second processing channel 46 connected with the corresponding switched input of the second analog switch 50 and with the input of the corresponding second power meter 48, the output of the latter is connected to the input of the corresponding second analog-to-digital converter 49, the outputs of which are connected to the corresponding inputs of the second microcontroller 51, the outputs of which are connected to the control inputs of the second analog switch 50, the outputs of which are connected to the input of the second demodulator 52, the output of which is connected to the first input of the fourth frequency converter 53, in Ora input coupled to an output of the third local oscillator 54, the frequency output of the fourth inverter 53 is connected to the input of the second power amplifier 55, whose output is connected to an input of second transmitting antenna 56 in the block 39

SH1IISh

the power of each intermediate transceiver station 5, the first terminal of the coil of the electromagnetic relay 57 is connected to the positive terminal of the battery 59, the second terminal is connected to the first terminal of the reed switch 58, the second terminal of which is connected to the negative terminal of the battery 59, the positive terminal of the battery 59 is connected through normally closed contacts of the electromagnetic relay 57 with a positive power terminal of the transceiver unit 38, the negative power terminal of which is connected to the negative terminal of the battery 59.

The range of the radio station 3 is set according to the given

the operating ranges of the intermediate transceiver stations 5, the tuning frequency of the first local oscillator 21 is the predetermined transmission frequency of the radio transmitting station 3, the tuning frequency of the second local oscillator 44 of each intermediate transceiving station 5 is different from the specified receiving frequency of this intermediate transceiving station 5 by a predetermined intermediate frequency of the last, tuning frequency of the third the local oscillator 54 of each intermediate transceiver station 5 is a predetermined transmission frequency of a given intermediate the second transceiver station 5, different from the set transmission frequencies of the other intermediate transceiver stations 5, by the set reception frequencies of each of each group of intermediate transceiver stations 5 located on the moving object 2, except for the group of intermediate transceiver stations 5, located at a minimum distance along the conveyor 11 from the hole 18 are the set transmission frequencies of the group of intermediate transceiver stations 5 located at a minimum distance from this group of intermediate transceiver stations 5 in the direction along the conveyor 11 to the hole 18 specified by the frequency of reception of each of the group

dmd w

intermediate transceiving stations 5, located on the movable object 2 at a minimum distance along the conveyor 11 from the hole 18, is the specified transmission frequency of the radio transmitting station 3, located on the fixed object 1.

The essence of the technical solution is as follows.

Consider a situation in which the stationary object 1 is a land vehicle, the moving object 2 is a low-flying aircraft, for example, a helicopter or an airship.

The term "low-flying aircraft is generally accepted (see, for example. Radio engineering systems. Edited by prof. Yu. M. Kazarinova. - M .: Higher School, 1990, p. 221). Moving object 2, in particular, an aircraft, is low-flying if the condition is met (see. Theoretical Foundations of Radar. Edited by V.E. Dulevich. - M.: Soviet Radio, 1978, p. 410):

.2, (1)

with d J

where c is the speed of light; h is the height of the first transmitter

antennas 23 of a radio transmitting station 3 located on a fixed object 1; L, - the height of the first receiving antenna 24

a radio receiving station 4 located on the movable object 2; d the distance between the stationary object 1 and the moving object 2.

Expression (1) is true if the condition for specular reflection of radio waves from the underlying surface is fulfilled (see ibid., P. 405):

where 1 // is the angle of slip; S is the height of the irregularities of the underlying surface.

, (2)

16 / sin

For definiteness, we assume that the underlying surface, which is the surface of the Earth, is a mirror-reflecting horizontal plane, i.e. condition (2) is satisfied.

On the movable object 2, a radio receiving station 4 and N of the intermediate transceiver stations 5 with the numbers n, 2, ..., N, where n are positive integers, are placed.

In the General case, with a moving object 2 at each point of discharge can reset several intermediate transceiver stations 5.

Assume that with the moving object 2 at each point of discharge

carry out a reset only on one intermediate transceiver station 5.

Earlier time points of the reset of the intermediate transceiver stations 5 from the moving object 2 correspond to the intermediate transceiver stations 5 with lower numbers:

where / „, ty are the reset times of the“ -th and vth intermediate transceiver stations 5, respectively; v, 2, ..., N are integers

positive numbers.

On the moving object 2, the countdown of time tf, lead from the time

t, at which the movable object 2 was at the starting point O

your route.

At the starting point O of the movement path of the moving object 2 is a fixed object 1 (Fig. 1).

The last intermediate transceiver station 5 dropped from the mobile object 2 is the intermediate transceiver station 5, which was reset at the latest time:

„/, If, (3)

tu-t.

where and 1,2, ..., L /.

The set of intermediate transceiver stations 5 discharged from the movable object 2, is conditionally divided into J groups.

Each intermediate transceiver station 5 may be part of only one group.

In the 7th group of intermediate transceiver stations 5,

discharged from the moving object 2, the number of Q intermediate

transceiver stations 5 are generally arbitrary, but limited by the condition

where j 1,2, ..., / are positive integers.

We assume that all groups of intermediate transceiver stations 5 contain the same number of intermediate transceiver stations 5:

Therefore, N is a multiple of Q.

In this regard, the number of groups of intermediate transceiver stations 5 dropped from the moving object 2 is equal to:

The conditional splitting of the intermediate transceiver stations 5 dropped from the moving object 2 into groups is carried out in accordance with the formula:

n (j-m +, (j-l} Q + 2, ..., jQ, (8)

where n are the numbers of intermediate transceiver stations 5 included in the jth group.

iMili

fifteen

(4)

tb-tn

"" Imx

.(5)

QJ - Q for all j. (6)

J -. (7)

where Р „„ zd is the power of the radio signals transmitted from the 5th dropped intermediate transceiver station 5; „P is some

threshold value characterizing the sensitivity of the (l + 1) th reset intermediate transceiver station 5; Н „, Н„ the height of the location of the second transmitting antenna 56 and and the second receiving antenna 40 ("+ 1) th reset intermediate

transceiver stations 5, respectively.

The range of the last dropped from the moving object 2 intermediate transceiver station 5 is

leojiai -

16

If fj

n. In out w w + 1/1 OCh

Aip

 n + l min. Reset from the mobile unit 2 intermediate transceiver stations of the 5th j-group takes the following time interval: й (y-1) () The group of the last dropped from the mobile unit 2 intermediate transceiver-stations 5 includes the last reset intermediate transceiver station 5. Their numbers are determined by the formula: “(7shah-1) е + 1, Ошах-1) е + 2, ..., и„, ах- (Ю) First we assume that When condition (2) is fulfilled, the range - and the intermediate transceiver station 5 dropped from the moving object 2, except for the last reset from the mobile object 2 of the intermediate transceiver station 5 (w p) is equal to Q. (11) where P, power

dropped from the moving object 2 of the intermediate transceiver station 5; / J,, is a certain threshold value characterizing

the sensitivity of the radio receiving station 4 of the movable object 2; / 7 „- the height of the second transmitting antenna 56

the last dropped from the movable object 2 of the intermediate transceiver station 5.

The range of the radio transmitting station 3 of the fixed object 1 is equal to where is the Radial power of the object 1; R" ". the sensitivity of the first intermediate transceiver station 5 dropped from the moving object 2; - height

the location of the second receiving antenna 40 of the first dropped from the moving object 2 intermediate transceiver station 5.

By antenna height we mean the distance to the underlying surface located under the antenna point.

The value of the height h of the location of the first transmitting antenna 23 of the radio transmitting station 3 is fixed and is determined by the structural features and layout of the stationary object 1 and the radio transmitting station 3.

Height th, location of the first receiving antenna 24

the radio receiving station 4 varies in the range from h, to the minimum value of the height And is achieved when the movable object 2 is located on the underlying surface, and is determined. of radio signals transmitted from a fixed some threshold value characterizing the radio signals transmitted from the last i min.

design and layout features of the moving object 2 and the radio receiving station 4. The maximum value of the height A, max does not exceed the sum of the values of / i, n, in and the maximum flight height //, max of the moving object 2.

Heights L „location of the second receiving antennas 40 and second

transmitting antennas 56 2 intermediate transceiver stations 5 dropped from the moving object 5 vary in the range of values from h „J to 1“ max- The minimum value of the height H "is reached when the 5th intermediate transceiver station 5 is on the underlying surface and is determined by the design features of this intermediate transceiver station 5. The maximum value of the height corresponds to the time point of the reset of the “th intermediate transceiver station 5 from the movable object 2 and does not exceed the value.

Expressions (1), (2) and (12) - (14) are approximate and do not take into account the geometry of a stationary object 1, a moving object 2, and intermediate transceiver stations 5.

In view of the above, we assume that for all η the equalities

and pshp btp min (1)

ltah Atah tach (16)

r p r (J

n pr.min b pr.min pr.minV /

r p rG1Ya

and izl lizl

From the expressions (12), (13) it follows that when conditions (11), (15) - (18) are fulfilled, the minimum allowable range of operation of the intermediate transceiver stations 5 is

luO.JJ5U5it Further, we assume that QN is a multiple of Q. Given the values of P., IipMHH min, taking into account formula (19), the operating ranges of the intermediate transceiver stations 5 are set equal to (2e-l) .n. (20) The range of the radio transmitting station 3 is set by preset operating ranges of the intermediate transceiver stations 5, for example, by the formula: (2e-l) ™ n. (21) In the general case, when moving along a route, a moving object 2 can make stops at arbitrary time intervals. Suppose that a movable object 2 carries out a vertical rise to a height from the starting point O, where the stationary object 1 is located, and then performs a horizontal flight at a height / i, max at a constant speed Vfy along the X axis in the direction of increasing x values; the maximum distance from the stationary object 1 to the moving object 2 is equal to /, max and characterizes the length of the movement path of the moving object 2, Until the time /, jd of the first removal of the moving object 2 from the fixed object 1 to the distance rf, n, in of the moving object 2, the intermediate transceiver stations 5 are not carried out. Moreover, the implementation of the technical solution consists in transmitting radio signals from a fixed object 1, receiving these radio signals on a moving object 2. The value is determined by the given ranges

In particular, df can be set equal to

, gmin mii

™ (, k,

where A :, 1 - safety factor, taking into account the approximate nature

applied formulas.

From the time tj of the first removal of the movable object 2 from

fixed object 1 at a distance of /, mш from moving object 2

carry out the reset of the intermediate transceiver stations 5 with intervals in range, determined by the specified ranges of the radio transmitting station 3 and the intermediate transceiver stations 5.

By virtue of the assumptions made, the reset interval of the intermediate transceiver stations 5 from the movable object 2 may be equal to

M „g. (23)

 () 2 k

where A: 2 1 - safety factor.

The reset of the first intermediate transceiver station 5 from the movable object 2 is carried out at a time /, „) p the first removal of the movable object 2 from the stationary object 1 at a distance

Bmt

The distances from the fixed object 1 to the moving object 2, at which the intermediate transceiver stations 5 are reset, can be measured on the moving object 2 using inertial or Doppler dead reckoning systems (see ibid., P. 68).

Given the previously defined motion characteristics of the moving object 2, the reset of the pth intermediate transceiver station 5 is carried out at a time

(22)

.... + ("- 1) Щ, (24)

Moreover

 , 0 ,, V fcmin max /) "

 - fc amax

where t is the time of the vertical rise of the moving object 2 from the starting point O to a height h.

Formula (24) is due to the fact that the intervals along the range М „determine the maximum possible distances between two intermediate transceiver stations 5 dropped from the moving object 2 at the nearest time points.

Formula (25) is due to the fact that the range fi, J „j„ determines the maximum possible distance from the moving object 2 to the fixed object 1, corresponding to its time t, J.

In the general case, movable object 2 can move along a complex route. In particular, it can initially move away from the stationary object 1, and then approach it, then again move away and approach, etc. In this case, the movable object 2 can repeatedly pass through the starting point O, in which the stationary object 1 is located, and, therefore, can be repeatedly located at a distance shorter than / Amin- However, the reset of intermediate transceiver stations 5 from the movable object 2 is not carried out only until time of the first removal of the moving object 2 from the fixed object 1 to a distance fi, n. From this point in time

from the movable object 2 carry out the reset of the intermediate transceiver stations 5 with intervals in range, determined by the specified ranges of the radio transmitting station 3 and the intermediate transceiver stations 5, and reset

MRD / DSh1

Vb

P2 2

.

The intermediate transceiver stations 5 are also carried out if, as a result of the movement of the moving object 2 along the route, the distance to the fixed object 1 again becomes less than

iminIf wind speed is negligible, speed V, movement

of the movable object 2 is also so small that it does not cause a significant disturbance of the air masses, then the trajectory of the fall of the intermediate transceiver stations 5 can be taken vertical. Moreover, the aerodynamic properties of the structures of the intermediate transceiver stations 5 should not have any features that cause a significant deviation of the trajectories of incidence from vertical.

After falling onto the underlying surface, the intermediate transceiver stations 5 remain stationary.

The safety factor k2 takes into account the possible inaccuracy of the spread

intermediate transceiver stations 5, due to the influence of various factors.

Two characteristic cases are possible:

When moving a moving object 2 along a route,

the duration of which is equal to T, t -1, both

conditions (26, a), (26, b). Moreover, at each moment of time, only one of the indicated conditions is satisfied. In addition, due to the irreversibility of time, if condition (26, b) has occurred, then condition (26, a) will not occur. Thus, it follows from the foregoing that a technical solution can only be implemented in a unique way.

iWllM

22

6 6nun; (26, a)

b bshsh; (26.6)

In the first case (26, a) from the moving object 2, the reset of the intermediate transceiver stations 5 is not carried out. The implementation of the technical solution in this case is discussed above.

Consider the implementation of the technical solution in the case (26, b), which corresponds to the dumping of the intermediate transceiver stations 5 from the moving object 2.

From a stationary object 1 transmit radio signals. Receive the radio signals transmitted from the fixed object 1 at each of the group of the first (n, 2, .. ,, Q} intermediate transceiver stations 5 dropped from the moving object 2 and transmit them. Receive transmitted from each of the group of the first (nl, 2, .. ., Q}

the radio signals dropped from the moving object 2 intermediate transceiver stations 5 on each of the group of other (n Q +, Q + 2, ..., 2Q} intermediate transceiving stations 5 dropped from the moving object 2 during the time interval t (t

dumping from a moving object 2 groups of the first (n, 2, ..., Q)

intermediate transceiver stations 5, and transmit them. Similarly, radio signals are received and transmitted using other (in 3.4, ...,) groups dropped from the mobile

object 2 intermediate transceiver stations 5 in the direction of transmission of radio signals from the reset intermediate transceiver stations 5 during earlier time intervals "reset during later time intervals / 4, е ,,)

23

 following the time interval t

2 intermediate transceiver stations dropped from the moving object 5.

Each intermediate transceiver station 5 begins to function at the time of discharge and continues to function before and after contact with the underlying surface.

With a decrease in the intermediate transceiver stations 5, their range and range of the radio transmitting station 3 are reduced, but, in accordance with formulas (12) - (21), do not become less than the value.

When moving a movable object 2 and resettable intermediate transceiver stations 5, the Doppler effect occurs, the negative effect of which on the quality of radio communication can be eliminated by rational selection of the frequency characteristics of signals and devices of the radio transmitting station 3, radio receiving station 4 and intermediate transceiving stations 5.

When implementing a technical solution in rough terrain to determine the discharge points of the intermediate transceiver stations 5, it is necessary to take into account information about the field of elevation of the terrain. For this, moving object 2, you can use the overview and comparative radio navigation system (see. Aviation radio navigation: Handbook. Edited by A. A. Sosnovsky. M .: Transport, 1990, p. 8-9).

The underlying surface may be a water surface. In this case, when implementing the technical solution, it is necessary to ensure the retention of intermediate transceiver stations 5 on the water surface after a fall. In addition, when setting the operating ranges of the radio transmitting station 3 and intermediate transceiver stations 5, one should take into account the waves of the water surface and possible currents.

.Hi0

24

By the term "operating frequency" we mean the value of the frequency of the carrier wave, the central or some other characteristic value of the frequency of the frequency band of radio signals. At the same time, the frequency bands of the radio signals corresponding to different operating frequencies do not overlap.

With an arbitrary route of movement of the moving object 2, the specified operating frequencies of the radio signals transmitted at the same time from the fixed object 1 and from each of the intermediate transceiver stations 5 dropped from the moving object 2 should be different:

L L / V FOR ALL. (27)

When transmitting radio signals from a fixed object 1 to a moving object 2 specified operating frequencies

f f f

(y-i) e + i, (y-i) e + 2, ... je, of the radio signals received on

at L at L2

1 (y-1) e + 1, (y-1) e + 2, ..., l,

each of the intermediate transceiver stations 5 y and the group 2 dropped from the moving object 2, except for the first (7 1) group of intermediate transceiver stations 2 dropped from the moving object 2, are the specified operating frequencies fn) o + i (-2) о + 2 r -no

of radio signals transmitted from intermediate transceiver stations of the 5th (y-1) -th group discarded from the moving object 2 during

closest to the time interval,, reset

of this (y-i) group of an earlier time interval

 A .

(y-1) e

"(Y-2) e j (/ - i) e + i, (yi) e + 2, ... je,," 1 (-1) e + 1, O-1) e + 2, .. ., Ushah, Utah

25

max L n (j-2) Q + q

where q 1,2, ..., Q are positive integers

The specified operating frequency of the radio signals received at each of the intermediate transceiver stations 5 of the first (7 1) reset from the moving object of group 2 is the specified operating frequency / radio signals transmitted from the fixed object 1:

 . (29)

, 2, ... ,,

The preset operating frequencies fb, fL) -, fb of the radio signals received at the movable object 2 are the preset operating frequencies / „.., 4l, g; „Radio signals transmitted from

Chutah))

intermediate transceiver stations 5 of the last (U 7 „ah) group dropped from the moving object 2, if at least one intermediate transceiving station 5 is dropped from the moving object 2, or, otherwise, the specified operating frequency / radio signals transmitted from the fixed object 1:

, GL (7-groin-1) e + pr, /, „4“

f (. (30)

It follows from the foregoing that the working frequencies of the radio signals transmitted from a fixed object 1 and the radio signals received at and transmitted from intermediate transceiver stations 5 can be fixed.

At the same time, when 2 intermediate transceiver stations of the next 5 (7–7) groups are reset from a moving object, the specified operating frequencies fb .-, fL -, -, fb of radio signals received on

movable object 2 must coincide with the specified operating frequencies /, - ..,, .. .. „. radio signals transmitted with

26

In addition, for radio communication between a fixed object 1 and a moving object 2 in a situation (26, a), in which no intermediate transceiver station 5 has yet been reset, the specified operating frequency / of the radio signals transmitted from the fixed object 1 must coincide with one from the given operating frequencies fL-tfL-, fl of radio signals received at a moving object

All elements and blocks included in the system of FIG. 1-6 are known and described in the literature.

As a speed meter 7 on a moving object 2, which is, in particular, a low-flying aircraft, a Doppler speed and drift angle meter or an inertial speed meter can be used (see Aviation radio navigation: Handbook. Edited by A. A. Sosnovsky. - M .: Transport, 1990, p. 6-8).

As block 8 of the task can be used any known and described in the literature digital data input devices (see, for example, Shevkoplyas B. V. Microprocessor structures. Engineering solutions. - M .: Radio and communications, 1993, p. 27) .

As the control unit 6, microprocessor systems with analog and digital inputs and outputs can be used, which include a clock generator, memory devices, analog-to-digital and digital-to-analog converters and other devices (see, for example, P. Horowitz, U. Hill, The Art of Circuit Engineering, Moscow: Mir, 1993, pp. 294-295), not shown in FIG. 2.

As each of the first power meters 32 and the second power meters 48, a series-connected squaring unit and an integrator can be used (see, for example, J. Bendat, A. Pirsol. Applied random data analysis. - M .: Mir, 1983, p. 143).

.ic oiuuj

27

cii

28 Block 9 reset is designed to reset intermediate transceiver stations 5 with a specified interval in range. A belt conveyor with a horizontally closed track was used as an I conveyor (see, for example, Conveyors. Handbook. Under the general editorship of Yu.A. Perten. - L .: Mashinostroenie, 1984, p. 4-9). The conveyor And is designed to move the intermediate transceiver stations 5 located in the supporting elements 13, towards the hole 18. The electric drive 10 is designed to drive the belt 12 of the conveyor 11 at a speed corresponding to the signals generated by the control unit 6. The electric drive 10 is automated. Control systems of automated electric drives provide a given angular speed of rotation of the motor shaft in accordance with external control signals, which, depending on the type of electric motor and control system, can be analog or digital (see, for example, Polytechnical Dictionary. Editorial: A.Yu. Rplinskiy ( Ch. ed.) and others - 3rd ed., revised and revised - M .: P50 “Big Russian Encyclopedia, 1998, p. 13). The designs of electric drives are known (see, for example. Conveyors. Handbook. Under the general editorship of Yu.A. Pertin. - L .: Mashinostroenie, 1984, pp. 87-91). The power of the signals generated by the control unit 6 is sufficient to control the operation of the electric drive 10. The design of the reset unit 9 provides unimpeded movement of the intermediate transceiver stations 5 to the hole 18 when they are reset.

The dimensions of the hole 18 exceed the overall dimensions of each intermediate transceiver station 5 together with the parachute 15 attached to it.

The number of load-bearing elements 13 in their initial upper position is equal to L the number of intermediate transceiver stations 5 located on the movable object 2.

The upper position of the supporting elements 13 corresponds to their position above the longitudinal axis of symmetry of the conveyor 11.

In the general case, in the dumping unit 9, well-known loading devices can be used to load intermediate transceiver stations 5 into them (see, for example, Conveyors. Handbook. Under the general editorship of Yu.A. Perten. - L .: Mashinostroenie, 1984, p. 97-100).

Bearing elements 13 are fixed along the conveyor 11 with an interval equal to A / „.

The magnets 16 fixed in the supporting elements 13 are plates of hard magnetic materials.

Intermediate transceiver stations 5 are placed in the supporting elements 13 in the immediate vicinity of the magnets 16, the magnetic field of which provides contact closure of the reed switches 58, but is negligible in its effect on the movement of the intermediate transceiver stations 5 when they are reset.

The first transmit antenna 23, the first receive antenna 24, the second receive antenna 40 and the second transmit antenna 56 are omnidirectional.

The design of the intermediate transceiver stations 5 is developed taking into account the shock loads encountered in a collision with the underlying surface (see, for example, VB Karpushchin. Vibrations and shocks in radio equipment. - M .: Soviet Radio, 1971, p. 155 - 216) . In this regard, the second receiving antennas 40 and second

iecai "

29 transmitting antennas 56 of the intermediate transceiver stations 5 can be placed inside high-impact radio-transparent cases made, for example, of fluoroplastic. Parachutes 15 are used to reduce the fall rate of the intermediate transceiver stations 5, and, therefore, to reduce shock loads that occur when they collide with the underlying surface. The laying of parachutes 15 in the supporting elements 13 eliminates the tangling of the slings 14 when resetting the intermediate transceiver stations 5. The physical and geometric characteristics of the parachutes 15 (permeability, elasticity of the dome fabric, shape and area of the dome, the presence and shape of cutouts, etc.) are determined based on the mass of the intermediate transceiver 5 stations and the required dynamics of parachutes 15 (see, for example, Yu.A. Shevlyakov, V. N. Tishchenko, V. A. Temnenko. Dynamics of parachute systems. - Kiev; Odessa: “Vishcha school. Head publishing house, 1985 ) The design and characteristics of the parachutes 15 suggest their automatic opening when the intermediate transceiver stations 5 are reset. The source of 19 messages can be a device for serial output of digital signals, and the receiver of 37 messages can be a device for serial input of digital signals (see, for example, Digital and analog integrated circuits. Reference Under the editorship of S.V. Yakubovsky. - M .: Radio and communications, 1990, p. 151). The power supply to the radio transmitting station 3 is generated by the power supply system of the fixed object 1, not shown in FIG. 1-6.

yes | D5

31 generates an onboard power supply system of the movable object 2, not shown in FIG. 1-6. Each of the batteries 59 is designed to generate a supply voltage with a corresponding intermediate transceiver station 5. The capacity of the battery 59 is set based on the power consumption of the corresponding intermediate transceiver station 5 and the duration of the system. The transmission frequencies of the radio transmitting station 3 and intermediate transceiver stations 5 are the specified operating frequencies of the radio signals transmitted respectively from the radio transmitting station 3 and from the intermediate transceiving stations 5. The receiving frequencies of the radio receiving station 4 and intermediate transceiving stations 5 are the specified operating frequencies of the radio signals received respectively at the radio receiving station 4 and at intermediate transceiver stations 5. The terms "transmission frequency and" frequency of reception of any device Tva are generally accepted (see, for example, Gromakov, Yu.A. Standards and systems for mobile radio communications. - M .: Eko-Trends, 2000, p. 22). The term "controlled generator is generally accepted (see, for example. Theoretical Foundations of Radar. Edited by VE Dulevich. M: Soviet Radio, 1978, p. 358). The frequency of oscillations generated by the controlled generator is determined by the voltage acting on its control input. In this case, the controlled generator is a voltage controlled generator. Voltage controlled oscillators are known and described in the literature devices (see, for example, Horowitz P., Hill. W. Art

circuitry. In 3 volumes: T.I. Per. from English - 4th ed. reslave. and add. M .: Mir, 1993, p. 308).

Consider the operation of the system shown in FIG. 1-6.

The movable object 2 is located at the starting point O of its route. In the starting point About the route of movement of the moving object 2 is a fixed object 1.

The conveyor 11 is brought to its initial state, in which the supporting element 13 closest to the hole 18 must pass a path equal to /, „, („, to the point at which the separation occurs

intermediate transceiver station 5 from this carrier

element 13 and it begins to fall.

In this case, the relations are satisfied:

//.;"A/"

bmin p

Afcn-L l-h The gain of the first low-noise amplifier 26 and the second low-noise amplifiers 42 are set so that the sensitivities of the radio receiving station 4 and the intermediate transceiving stations 5 are equal.

The gain factors of the first power amplifier 22 and the second power amplifiers 55 are set so that the power of the radio signals transmitted from the fixed object 1 and from the intermediate transceiver stations 5 is equal to R.

Then, taking into account expressions (12) - (21), the range of the radio transmitting station 3 and the intermediate transceiver stations 5 are equal, in

In block 8 of the job enter the values of the ranges / gniin Actions intermediate transceiver stations 5.

| f IAU6l

32

The control unit 6 reads the code from the outputs of the task unit 8, containing information about the preset values of ranges

actions, and determines by the formulas (22), (23) the quantities ,, ,,; them".

We assume that the transmission frequency of the l-and intermediate transceiver station 5 located on the movable object 2 is equal to

L Lee + A / (y-1), (32)

where A / is the frequency offset.

The control unit 6 generates control signals, according to which the frequency of oscillations generated by the controlled generator 28,

takes the value f + / bn and, in accordance with the formulas

(29), (30):

fa - fn, n, 2, ..., (33)

l: d (

where / bp is the intermediate frequency of the radio receiving station 4.

The contacts of the reed switch 58 of each of the intermediate transceiver stations 5 located in the supporting elements 13 are closed as a result of the magnetic field of the corresponding magnet 16. The voltage of the battery 59 is applied to the terminals of the coil of the electromagnetic relay 57. The contacts of the electromagnetic relay 57 are open. The transceiver unit 38 is de-energized. The intermediate transceiver station 5 is not functioning.

At time t, the movable object 2 begins to carry out a vertical ascent from a common starting point O, and then performs a horizontal flight at a height h, with a constant

, / l / 1. 33

speed Vf, along the X axis in the direction of increasing values of jc,

In this case, the control unit 6 continuously reads from the outputs of the speed meter 7 information about the speed of the moving object 2 and, using formulas (24), (25), determines the reset times of the intermediate transceiver stations 5.

We assume that the acceleration time of the moving object 2 to a speed V with the beginning of horizontal movement is negligible. If the acceleration time cannot be neglected, then the moment in time, („reset the first

intermediate stations 5 are determined from the solution of the equation

dbrrnn. (0. (35)

at time t + g, the completion of the lifting of a moving object

2 to the height. the control unit 6 generates a control signal by which the electric drive 10 drives the belt 12 of the conveyor 11 at a speed of:

Ub, f, b, f. V,. (36)

The movement of the belt 12 over the longitudinal axis of symmetry of the conveyor 11 occurs towards the hole 18 (Fig. 3).

The time during which the speed of the tape 12 reaches the value Ui ,, is negligible.

Until the time /, psc, the first removal of the moving object 2 from the fixed object 1 to a distance fl, i from the moving object 2

reset intermediate transceiver stations 5 are not carried out (case 26, a).

iwi / li

34

6 Amaxfti ™ n

In this case, the transmission of radio signals from a fixed object 1 to a moving object 2 is as follows.

The binary sequence of pulses from the output of the message source 19 of the radio transmitting station 3, located on a fixed object 1, is fed to the first input of the first frequency converter 20. At its second input, frequency oscillations f generated by

the first local oscillator 21. The frequency value /, set by the formula (33).

The amplitude-manipulated signal from the output of the first frequency converter 20 is fed to the input of the first power amplifier 22, the output signal of which is fed to the input of the first transmitting antenna 23. The first transmitting antenna 23 transmits at a given operating frequency / corresponding radio signal.

The first receiving antenna 24 of the radio receiving station 4, located on the movable object 2, receives the radio signal transmitted by the radio transmitting station 3. The signal from the output of the first receiving antenna 24 is fed to the input of the first band-pass filter 25, providing selectivity for the mirror channel (see, for example. Radio receiving devices Under the editorship of V.I. Siforov. - M .: Soviet Radio, 1974, p. 235). The signal from the output of the first band-pass filter 25 is input

the first low-noise amplifier 26, the output signal of which is supplied to the first input of the second frequency converter 27. On his second entrance

frequency fluctuations f + / g.p generated by the controlled

generator 28. The values of the operating frequencies f, fb., -, fb received

radio signals are defined by formula (34). The intermediate frequency signal fhji from the output of the second frequency Converter 27 is supplied to

the input of the first intermediate frequency amplifier 29, the output of which is fed to the inputs of all the second bandpass filters 31. (The spectrum of the signal acting at the output of the second converter 27

w / l w

frequency, contains components corresponding to the operating frequencies of the received radio signals. In this case, the specimen of this signal, due to the smallness of Af, is narrow-band and concentrated near the intermediate frequency /, p-) Based on formulas (32), (33), the tuning frequency of the second band-pass filter 31 q of the first channel 30

processing is equal to D Ln + A / (1) - Bandwidth of the second

bandpass filters 31 do not overlap. The signals from the outputs of the second bandpass filters 31 are fed to the corresponding switched inputs of the first analog switch 34 and to the inputs of the corresponding first power meters 32. In each first processing channel 30, the signal from the output of the first power meter 32 is fed to the input of the first analog-to-digital converter 33, which generates a binary code corresponding to the value of the radio signal received at the corresponding given operating frequency. The first microcontroller 35 reads the binary codes from the outputs of all the first analog-to-digital converters 33 and determines from them the specified operating frequency of the received radio signal of maximum power. (In this case, the set operating frequency of the received maximum power radio signal is the set operating frequency /

of the radio signal transmitted from a fixed object 1.) Then, the first microcontroller 35 generates control signals at the control inputs of the first analog switch 34, by which the first analog switch 34 connects the output of the second band-pass filter 31 corresponding to a given operating frequency of the received maximum power radio signal to the input of the first demodulator 36. The binary sequence of pulses corresponding to the transmitted message comes from the output of the first demodulator 36 to the input of the recipient 37 d.

36

The values of the intermediate frequencies of the radio receiving station 4 and the intermediate transceiver stations 5 are set taking into account known limitations (see, for example, Radio receiving devices. Edited by V.I. Siforov. - M .: Sovetskoe Radio, 1974, p. 240).

The values of the operating frequencies f, f, -, fb defined by the formula

(34), remain unchanged during the interval of time of discharge from the moving object 2 of the first group of intermediate transceiver stations 5.

At a point in time as a result of the movement of the tape 12

conveyor 11, the carrier 13 closest to the hole 18 occupies a position in which the corresponding intermediate transceiver station 5 is torn off from the carrier 13 and begins to fall. This is the reset of the first intermediate transceiver station 5 from the movable object 2. (Prior to the reset from the movable object 2 of the next intermediate transceiver station 5, this intermediate transceiver station 5 is simultaneously the last intermediate transceiver station 5 dropped from the mobile object 2).

In this case, the contacts of the reed switch 58 of this intermediate transceiver station 5 are opened. The contacts of the electromagnetic relay 57 assume a normally closed state. The transceiver unit 38 receives the supply voltage. The intermediate transceiver station 5 is turned on.

At the same time, the control unit 6 generates a control signal, according to which the frequency of oscillations generated by the controlled generator 28, takes the value in accordance with formula (30)

f l Lp at which the operating frequencies of the radio signals received

37A

After a certain time interval, determined, in particular, by the mass of the intermediate transceiver station 5 and the aerodynamic characteristics of its structure, a parachute 15 is opened, attached to this intermediate transceiver station 5 by slings 14, which causes a decrease in its fall rate.

Radio transmitting station 3 transmits at a given operating frequency /

radio signal. In this case, the operation of the blocks of the radio transmitting station 3 proceeds similarly to that described above.

The second receiving antenna 40 of the first (at the same time being the last) dropped from the mobile object 2 intermediate transceiver station 5 receives the radio signal transmitted by the radio transmitting station 3. The signal from the output of the second receiving antenna 40 is fed to the input of the third band-pass filter 41, providing selectivity for the mirror channel. The signal from the output of the third band-pass filter 41 is fed to the input of the second low-noise amplifier 42, the signal from the output of which is fed to the first input of the third frequency converter 43. On its second entrance

frequency fluctuations (/ "+ /" n n i generated by the second local oscillator

44. The intermediate frequency signal / „„ from the output of the third

the frequency converter 43 is fed to the input of a second intermediate frequency amplifier 45, the output signal of which is fed to the inputs of the fourth band-pass filters 47. Based on formulas (32), (33), the tuning frequency of the fourth band-pass filter is 47 q of the second channel

46 processing of the “-th intermediate transceiver station 5 is equal to fn / ln + 4 / (о Passband of the fourth band-pass filters

im lit

analog switch 50 and to the inputs of the respective second power meters 48. In each second processing channel 46, the signal from the output of the second power meter 48 is fed to the input of the second analog-to-digital converter 49, which generates a binary code corresponding to the value of the radio signal received at the corresponding given operating frequency. The second microcontroller 51 reads the binary codes from the outputs of all the second analog-to-digital converters 49 and determines from them the specified operating frequency of the received radio signal of maximum power. (In this case, the predetermined operating frequency of the received maximum power radio signal is the predetermined operating frequency / radio signal,

transmitted from a fixed object 1.) Then, the second microcontroller 51 generates control signals at the control inputs of the second analog switch 50, by which the second analog switch 50 connects the output of the fourth band-pass filter 47, corresponding to the given operating frequency of the received maximum power radio signal, to the input of the second demodulator 52. The binary sequence of pulses corresponding to the transmitted message comes from the output of the second demodulator 52 to the first input of the fourth To 53 frequency. At its second input, oscillations of the frequency ln produced by the third local oscillator 54 are received.

The amplitude-manipulated signal from the output of the fourth frequency converter 53 is fed to the input of the second power amplifier 55, the output signal of which is fed to the input of the second transmitting antenna 56. The second transmitting antenna 56 transmits the corresponding radio signal at a given operating frequency / „.

The radio receiving station 4 receives the radio signals transmitted from the last (simultaneously being the first) dropped from the moving object 2 of the intermediate transceiver station 5. In this case, the work

blocks of the radio receiving station 4 proceeds as described above, and the value of the frequency of oscillations generated

controlled generator 28, is equal to D + Ln the value of the working

frequency /, the radio signals received at the moving object 2, set by the formula (34).

From the time of the first removal of the movable object 2 from

a stationary object 1 at a distance d, as a result of uniform movement of the belt 12 of the conveyor 11 at a speed C /, the intermediate transceiver stations 5 are reset from the moving object 2 with an interval of distance equal to, as follows from formula (36),.

Moreover, at the time t of dumping of the next p-intermediate

the transceiver station 5, the control unit 6 generates a control signal, according to which the frequency of oscillations generated by the controlled generator 28, takes a value in accordance with formula (30).

After a certain period of time, determined, in particular, by the mass of the and-and intermediate transceiver station 5 and the aerodynamic characteristics of its structure, a parachute 15 is opened, attached to this intermediate transceiver station by 5 lines 14, which causes a decrease in the rate of its fall.

The inclusion of the reset intermediate transceiver stations 5 as a result of the opening of the contacts of the reed switches 58 is similar to that described above.

Consider the transmission of radio signals from a fixed object 1 to a moving object 2 in the case when Utah groups (J} of intermediate transceiver stations 5, the total number of which is n (.Q “max) inm w

40

Radio transmitting station 3 transmits at a given operating frequency /

radio signal. In this case, the operation of the blocks of the radio transmitting station 3 proceeds similarly to that described above.

Received the radio signals transmitted from the fixed object 1 on each of the group of the first {n, 2 ,, .., Q} discarded from the mobile

object 2 intermediate transceiver stations 5 and transmit them. In this case, the operation of the blocks of intermediate transceiver stations 5 of this group (for 1) proceeds as described above, and the oscillation frequencies generated by the second local oscillators 44 are equal

(/ l + LP n 12 b the frequency of oscillations generated by the third

, i

heterodyne 54, are equal to / „,,,; set operating frequency

the radio signals received at intermediate transceiver stations 5 of this (7 1) group and transmitted from them is equal to

respectively / „„. ,, 2, ..., e f a and l, 2 ..... d.

Received transmitted from each of the group first (and 1,2, .. ,,)

2 intermediate transceiver stations 5 dropped from the moving object 5 radio signals on each of the group of other (n Q + l, Q + 2, ..., 2Q) 5 transceiver intermediate stations dropped from the moving object 2 during the time interval

 tij t following the time interval t

discharge from the moving object 2 groups of the first (n l, 2, ..., Q}

intermediate transceiver stations 5, and transmit them. In this case, the operation of the blocks of intermediate transceiver stations 5 of this group (2) proceeds similarly to that described above, and the frequencies of oscillations generated by the second local oscillators 44 are equal

w.

41

And-l, z, ..., y

(/ «+ / Nnj6 + 1 (2 + 2 22 frequencies of oscillations generated by third

the local oscillators 54 are equal to fn -n p -, the specified operating frequency

the radio signals received at intermediate transceiver stations 5 of this (7 2) group and transmitted from them are equal

respectively f f „and /„ I „,,,„.

  , e + 2, ..., 2e i «e + i, e + 2, ..., 2e

Similarly, the reception and transmission of radio signals with the help of other (in 3.4, ..., 7,) groups reset with

of a moving object 2 intermediate transceiver stations 5 in the direction of transmission of radio signals from the reset intermediate transceiver stations 5 during earlier time intervals Г „/, чп, А о reset during later

"(Y-1) e + 1

time intervals n „o + i b l |„ (+ i) o- Р operation of blocks of intermediate transceiver stations 5 of the 5th group (“)

proceeds similarly to the one described above, and the frequencies of oscillations generated by the second heterodyne44 are equal

(/ + / „„) „FO-i) e + iO-i) e + 2, ... je,.

V ", -1o - 1) e + 1, (y-1) e + 2, ...," ™,

generated by the third heterodyne54 are equal to

/ n O-1) e + 1, (7-1) e + 2, .. je, at Utah; preset operating frequencies of radio signals,

 l (7-l) e + l, (y-l) e + 2, ..., "max.

Received at intermediate transceiver stations 5 of this (U-i) group and transmitted from them are equal, respectively

/ l „fa-i) e + i, (y-i) e + 2, ... je, --and

(7-1) e + 1, (y-1) e + 2, .-, Yashah.

/ DecidJJ(-i)e+i(7-i)e+2,...ja,.

L-y + l, ..., jy

"(Y-2) e + 9

The radio receiving station 4 receives radio signals transmitted from each of the group of the latter (n () Q + l, (j, + 2, ..., n,}

2 intermediate transceiver stations dropped from the moving object 2. In this case, the operation of the blocks of the radio receiving station 4 proceeds as described above, and the value of the oscillation frequency,

generated by the controlled generator 28 is equal to /, + Лп5

the values of the working frequencies of the radio signals received at the moving object 2 are f / „n () Q + q.

When dumping from a movable object 2 of the first intermediate transceiver station 5 of the group i, the control unit 6

generates a control signal, according to which the frequency of oscillations generated by the controlled generator 28, takes in accordance with

by formula (30) the new value f, + Ln which is preserved until

resetting the first intermediate transceiver station of the 5th (7 + 1) th group; operating frequencies of radio signals received on a mobile

object 2, take values equal to f / „

The operating ranges of the radio transmitting station 3 and the intermediate transceiver stations 5 can theoretically have very small preset values.In this regard, even at large distances between the fixed object 1 and the moving object 2, the amount of geometric space occupied by the radio communication system may be insignificant.

As an example, below are the parameter values that satisfy the formulas used in the description.

N 0; Q 2 - J 5;

SH1SCH

43

n (Utah-1) e +

R 250 M; h, 0.1 M; L 200 m; R. lO W; P, 4 watts;

yshsh Ay „L„ „250m;

.25m;

F, 2 m / s; f /, 0.0034 m / s;

type of modulation - amplitude manipulation; information transfer rate 512 bit / s; /, 100.2 MHz;

fbu fnn 10.0 MHz for all and;

A / 0.2 MHz;

the values of the f receiving frequencies of the radio receiving station 4 when resetting the next n intermediate transceiving stations 5 from the moving object 2, as well as the frequencies / and and / of the transmission and

receiving intermediate transceiver stations 5 are summarized in table. Thus, the implementation of radio communication between a moving object and a fixed object located at the starting point of the moving object’s movement route using low-power intermediate transceiver stations equipped with omnidirectional antennas discharged from the moving object makes it possible to improve the overall dimensions of the transceiver stations of the fixed and mobile objects, and to increase the noise immunity of various electronic means placed on fixed and mobile objects, increase the electron netic safety of those on fixed and moving objects, reduce the volume of the geometric space occupied by this radio communication system, and, consequently, increase the efficiency of the system in a simultaneous operation of multiple radio systems.

hm

44

Claims (1)

A radio communication system between a movable object and a fixed object located at the starting point of the moving object’s movement route, comprising a radio transmitting station and a radio receiving station located on the fixed object and on the moving object, respectively, characterized in that the system also includes intermediate transceiver stations, a control unit, a meter speeds, the task unit, the reset unit, located on a moving object, the reset unit contains an electric drive, a conveyor, the carriers are fixed on the conveyor belt e elements, and intermediate transceiver stations are placed one in each of the bearing elements, and to each intermediate transceiver station placed in the bearing element, parachute is laid with the help of slings, laid in this bearing element, the reset unit contains magnets placed one in each of the supporting elements, the body of the moving object has a hole, the radio transmitting station contains a message source, a first frequency converter, a first local oscillator, a first power amplifier, the first before A receiving antenna, a radio receiving station contains a first receiving antenna, a first bandpass filter, a first low-noise amplifier, a second frequency converter, a controlled generator, a first intermediate frequency amplifier, the first processing channels, the number of which is equal to the number of intermediate transceiver stations in the group of intermediate transceiver stations with a maximum number of intermediate transceiver stations, each of which contains a second band-pass filter, a first power meter, a first analog-to-digital converter The receiver, the radio receiving station also contains a first analog switch, a first microcontroller, a first demodulator, a message receiver, each intermediate transceiver station contains a transceiver unit and a power supply unit, a transceiver unit contains a second receive antenna, a third band-pass filter, a second low-noise amplifier, a third frequency converter, and a second local oscillator, second intermediate-frequency amplifier, second processing channels, the number of which is equal to the number of intermediate transceiver stations in group n Intermediate transceiver stations with a maximum number of intermediate transceiver stations, each of which contains a fourth bandpass filter, a second power meter, a second analog-to-digital converter, a transceiver block also contains a second analog switch, a second microcontroller, a second demodulator, a fourth frequency converter, a third local oscillator, and a second a power amplifier, a second transmitting antenna, the power supply unit contains an electromagnetic relay, a reed switch, a battery, while the outputs of the unit The speedometer and the speed meter are connected to the corresponding inputs of the control unit, one of the outputs of which is connected to the control input of the controlled generator of the radio receiving station, the other output of the control unit is connected to the input of the conveyor electric drive, in the radio transmitting station the output of the message source is connected to the first input of the first frequency converter, the second input which is connected to the output of the first local oscillator, the output of the first frequency converter is connected to the input of the first power amplifier, the output of which is connected to the input of the first transmitting antenna, in the radio receiving station, the output of the first receiving antenna is connected to the input of the first bandpass filter, the output of which is connected to the input of the first low-noise amplifier, the output of which is connected to the first input of the second frequency converter, the second input of which is connected to the output of the controlled generator, the output of the second converter frequency is connected to the input of the first intermediate frequency amplifier, the output of which is connected to the inputs of all second bandpass filters, the output of the second bandpass filter is of the first processing channel is connected to the corresponding switched input of the first analog switch and to the input of the corresponding first power meter, the output of the latter is connected to the input of the corresponding first analog-to-digital converter, the outputs of which are connected to the corresponding inputs of the first microcontroller, the outputs of which are connected to the control inputs of the first analog switch the outputs of which are connected to the input of the first demodulator, the output of which is connected to the input of the message recipient , in the transceiver unit of each intermediate transceiver station, the output of the second receiving antenna is connected to the input of the third bandpass filter, the output of which is connected to the input of the second low-noise amplifier, the output of which is connected to the first input of the third frequency converter, the second input of which is connected to the output of the second local oscillator, the output of the third converter frequency is connected to the input of the second intermediate frequency amplifier, the output of which is connected to the inputs of all fourth bandpass filters, the fourth output the axial filter of each second processing channel is connected to the corresponding switched input of the second analog switch and to the input of the corresponding second power meter, the output of the latter is connected to the input of the corresponding second analog-to-digital converter, the outputs of which are connected to the corresponding inputs of the second microcontroller, the outputs of which are connected to the control inputs of the second analog switch, the outputs of which are connected to the input of the second demodulator, the output of which is connected to the first the input of the fourth frequency converter, the second input of which is connected to the output of the third local oscillator, the output of the fourth frequency converter is connected to the input of the second power amplifier, the output of which is connected to the input of the second transmitting antenna, in the power supply unit of each intermediate transceiver station, the first output of the coil of the electromagnetic relay is connected to the positive pole battery, the second terminal is connected to the first terminal of the reed switch, the second terminal of which is connected to the negative terminal of the battery, positive the battery pole is connected through normally closed contacts of the electromagnetic relay to the positive power terminal of the transceiver unit, the negative power terminal of which is connected to the negative pole of the battery.