DE19932257A1 - Device for greening-up of building facings has box-form planting elements attached in front of wall, and on front side support plant holders orientated parallel to wall and arranged one above other in steps - Google Patents

Abstract

Box-form planting elements(3) are attached in front of the wall, and on the front side support plant holders(8) orientated approximately parallel to the wall and arranged one above the other in steps. A space(6) is formed between the wall and planting element and is filled with heat insulating material and, if necessary, sound insulating material. The planting element may have an approximate triangular shape with a horizontal bottom, rear side parallel to the wall, and a front wall inclined forwards.

Description

The invention relates to elements for greening the facade according to Preamble of claim 1. With the subject of DE 36 22 715 A1 has become known for a green noise barrier, on which Soil cuboid support elements are erected and anchored are covered laterally with appropriate greening mats then be planted accordingly. Such a noise barrier, only intended as a free-standing element in nature, but not for the Suitable for noise protection on facades.

DE 297 03 284 U1 is a further noise barrier become known, which is freestanding and which is also not for Attachment to existing house facades is suitable.

The invention is therefore based on the object of an element Facade greenery of the type mentioned so that it is suitable as noise protection and heat protection for facades.  

To solve the problem, the invention is through the technical teaching of claim 1.

An essential feature of the invention is that, according to the invention, a existing wall fixed or removable greening elements at a distance in front of Are attachable to the wall, and that these greening elements to the wall have parallel plant carriers stepped in a vertical direction are.

With the given technical teaching there is the main advantage that greening elements according to the invention in front of a wall or facade be curtained, which has the advantage that between the wall and the greening element forms a cavity that is excellent Represents thermal insulation.

According to the invention, this cavity can also be made with an insulating material be filled to ensure additional facade insulation. If the insulation material is acoustically effective, it also serves still as sound insulation for the facade or wall behind it.

Another major advantage of the invention is that now Greening elements in cross section (in the side view) approximately triangular are trained, d. H. they have a horizontal bottom wall, one approximately parallel to the wall to be attached and a sloping rear wall forward facing front wall on which the plant carriers are stepped and are arranged parallel to each other.

The respective adjacent side walls can be open, so that hanging on the wall next to each other in alignment A continuous, approximately horizontal cavity results in greening elements,  with the previously described noise and noise protection materials can be lined.

In this case, only the side walls lying on the outside are then present closed. In another embodiment, however, it can also be provided all side walls are closed.

These elements can be of any length. There can be elements with a length of 50-100 cm, for example, and these elements can can be made from different materials.

Of course, much longer lengths can also be used, if they are manufactured industrially. As material for such Greening elements are all materials known for this, namely in particular wood, plastic material, concrete or also from weatherproof and acid-resistant, foamed rigid foam panels. These greening elements can also be made of metal.

However, the invention is not only related to curtains of this type Greening elements in front of fixed walls of facades are suitable, but such an arrangement can also be used as a privacy screen Noise protection wall or as a fence of land can be used.

Due to the fact that between the rear wall of the Greening element and the wall behind, on which the Greening element is hung, forms an air space or a cavity, this cavity serves in a particularly favorable manner as a soundproofing room or as thermal insulation.

For the sake of simplicity, the following description describes the Greening elements described as concrete elements, although the present Invention is not limited to this. Such greening elements made of precast concrete, then it is preferred to have a flat one To use the bottom wall, which is made of one piece of material  vertically adjoining rear wall is attached. This is going forward a stepped front wall connected in one piece, so that a approximately triangular element is formed, the front has corresponding stair landings.

However, the walls of the reasoning element described do not have to necessarily be continuous. From weight and To save costs, it can also be provided to have these walls to provide appropriate openings, so that in extreme cases only frame or post-like, all-round elements the respective wall surface define. This also applies to the sloping wall surface of the front wall.

Appropriate plant carriers can now be placed on these stair landings be set up and fastened with these stair landings. Here it is advantageous that the plant carriers can be made of a different material than the greening elements themselves, which are preferably made of precast concrete consist.

In another embodiment of the present invention, it is provided that that the entire landscaping element including the trough-shaped Plant carrier consists of a one-piece concrete part. In this In this case, the plant carriers would also be made of concrete and in one piece with the stepped front walls mentioned above connected.

It is repeated again that the invention is not based on the formation of the Greening elements from precast concrete is limited, such Greening elements can also be made of plastic, wood or Metal. Likewise, it is not necessary for the solution that the trough-shaped plant carriers made of the same material as the Greening elements themselves, they can also consist of another Material.  

It is important that individual greening elements are arranged like scales one below the other (So stepped) to be attached to the wall so that they are shingled are arranged one above the other.

Of course, it is in another embodiment of the invention possible that different greening elements on different horizontal planes are staggered. So it's not for the solution of the invention absolutely necessary, the greening elements over form a horizontal length continuously, they can also be piece by piece suspended on the wall. In the gaps then other facade elements can be hung, such as Facade panels, decorative elements, shingle panels and the like. It is important that the parts mentioned are as seamless as possible connect in order to avoid impermissible noise and heat transfer from the To form the front towards the facade to be protected.

This also includes that the vertical and green elements hung one below the other with step-shaped folds interlock to provide a corresponding heat and Avoid sound passage.

Overall, it is also advantageous to have the curtain wall out individual greening elements exist to be as windproof as possible in order to also to protect the wall to be protected from the corresponding wind load.

There are a large number of hanging devices on a wall to be protected of possibilities, all of which are intended to be encompassed by the present invention.

It is only important that the greening elements with their respective Have a certain distance from the wall to be protected,  so that there is a corresponding air cushion or a in the space airspace to be filled.

The greening elements can be firmly connected to the wall, using appropriate dowels, threaded rods or the like become.

In another embodiment, it is provided that this Greening elements are detachably attached to the wall. As Fasteners are particularly hook-shaped for this Holding devices are used, which are either piecewise can or extend over a certain horizontal length to to form the largest possible cross-section.

Instead of the hook-shaped connecting elements, other detachable ones can also be used Fasteners are used, such as locking Brackets or the brackets known in cabinet hangers, the consist of a pin with a mushroom-shaped head that is assigned to an engages keyhole-shaped recess, and is therefore only releasable, when the greening element is raised in the vertical direction and from the Wall is removed.

The invention is not based on the curtain of greening elements curtain wall limited in front of a facade to be protected. In a another embodiment of the invention it is provided that free-standing Provide elements with the greening elements according to the invention become.

For this purpose, it is provided that walls are first set up against which then the greening elements are detachably or firmly attached.  

To set up such a wall free-standing, it is provided that in Distance from each other parallel pillars on a Anchoring surface to be anchored, each pillar on the circumference distributed, approximately vertical grooves, into which grooves now one side of a wall is inserted.

The holding devices described above are now on this wall arranged, which are suitable to be attached in front Wear greening elements. So the greening elements attached to the front and or back of this wall and the wall is equipped with these greening elements.

It is advantageous if the greening elements in their lateral Contours are adapted to the contour of the respective pillar by one to achieve a form-fitting system as possible in order to reach this area where the Wall engages in the grooves of the pillar to make it as windproof as possible.

It is advantageous in this embodiment that, because of the number, the scope of the Grooves arranged the walls in different grooves now Orientations can be connected to the pillar. The walls can be connected to the pillar perpendicular to each other or aligned with each other or at any angle, depending on which groove is used for inserting the walls.

This gives great freedom of design.

For the type of greening of the previously mentioned plant carriers, there are different possibilities. It is preferred to green out Use moss and sedum. But it can also be something higher-quality version Moose, Sedum and Sempervivom used become.  

It has already been mentioned at the beginning that the plant carriers are made of one piece of material can be firmly connected to the greening element or detachably. In Another embodiment of the invention, it can be provided that the Plant carriers are eliminated at all and that only the stepped, stepped front walls of the greening element are present, the can also be smooth. You can now on this front wall corresponding projections, thorns or the like fasteners be arranged, which are suitable, appropriate greening mats to record. The greening mats are therefore on this Fasteners pressed on and are therefore perfect with the Attached to the front wall.

Of course, it is possible to cover the entire front of the Greening element to be provided with additional protective grids.

Of course, there can be additional ones on the front wall Receiving openings, slots or the like are provided, in which the assigned mats (either the greening mat or the Protective mat) and inserted there.

The invention is not limited to the greening elements straight walls or facades. Round- or angular profiled pillars can be used, on which corresponding Brackets are arranged in which the greening elements are hung become. Such pillars are again parallel to each other at a distance and mounted vertically upright on a mounting surface and the Greening elements are suspended between the pillars so that they Connect individual pillars to each other in the horizontal direction. Of course, the vertical connections are interlocking greenery elements also with corresponding Provide folds to make the transition joints as tight as possible.  

If such pillars are used, they can also be on top of each other different heights can be set in modules be placed on top of each other.

A particularly aesthetically beautiful appearance results when everyone Support pillar is crowned by a greening element, which is mushroom or is hat-shaped and which is planted all around the pillar in the manner of a mushroom from above with a greening element decorate.

Such greening elements can in turn in the horizontal direction alternated with appropriate boards, decorative elements or others so that they do not have to run horizontally continuously.

In a further embodiment of the invention it is provided that instead of a supporting pipe only uses support elements or stand elements be made of a relatively soft recycled plastic material consist. This material is a fibrous material which is made of interlocking recycled plastics, so that one impact-resistant plastic body results, but which has a certain elasticity. This leads to vibrations on the greening element act, these vibrations from which the greening element carrying pillar and absorbed there.

So there is no structure-borne noise transmission from the greening element on the surface to be protected, because such vibrations from the Support pillars are absorbed and absorbed.

Such pillars are stacked like a tower and everyone The pillar carries such a greening element on its surface, the are arranged one above the other in the manner of a tower and one Form wall, so that the pillar in its horizontal length from any  long elements, for example a length of 1 m, 2 m or 5 m have, on which the greening element is then placed and is supported by this pillar.

Instead of the term supporting pillar, the term supporting element can also be used because it is not a point-like pillar, but around a longitudinally extending support element, which the greening element carries and supports on its top.

The subject matter of the present invention results only from the Subject of the individual claims, but also from the Combination of the individual claims. All in the Documents - including the summary - disclosed information and Features, in particular the spatial shown in the drawings Training are claimed as essential to the invention, insofar as they are individual or in combination are new compared to the prior art.

In the following, the invention will be explained using only one embodiment illustrative drawings explained in more detail. Here go from the Drawings and their description further features essential to the invention and advantages of the invention.

Show it:

Fig. 1 perspective side view of a wall for attachment with a greening element.

Fig. 2 hanging greening elements according to the invention.

Fig. 3 Enlarged view of the interlocking of greening elements.

Fig. 4 is a side view of the wall with greening elements in the fully assembled state.

Fig. 5 Another representation of a fold formation.

Fig. 6 in plan view another embodiment of a wall attachment with attached greening elements.

Fig. 7 In side view a pillar with attached greening elements.

Fig. 8 Another embodiment of a wall with differently designed greening elements.

In Fig. 1 a against noise, wind and cold is generally shown to be protective wall 1, which may consist of any material. This wall can be made of wood, concrete, plastic or the like and should only be suitable for supporting the corresponding greening elements 3 according to FIG. 2. Such a wall 1 is preferably a facade of a building.

In the exemplary embodiment described here, channel-like, upwardly open, approximately U-shaped or L-shaped rails are fastened to the wall 1 as a holding device. Individual hooks can also be used instead of the rails.

A large number of greening elements are shown hanging in rows and columns above and next to each other on the wall. These greening elements are individual, box-shaped parts which are suspended from the wall 1 and thereby form a noise protection and heat protection wall for the wall 1 or facade to be protected.

The greening element 3 according to FIG. 2 each consists of an approximately horizontal bottom wall 5 , to which a rear wall 4 connects in one piece of material. The two parts thus form the legs of an approximately right-angled triangle, the hypotenuse being formed by a front wall 7 which, as is preferred, is made of one piece of material from the rear wall 4 and the bottom wall 5 .

However, the right angle mentioned above is not limited to an angular dimension of 90 °, it can also be pointed, for example an angle in the range of 50-90 °. In this case, the bottom wall 5 then adjoins at an angle to the vertical rear wall 4 .

The front wall 7 is preferably stepped, that is to say it forms a step-shaped surface which is suitable for receiving corresponding trough-shaped plant carriers 8 . This surface can also be smooth and bevelled to form appropriate holders for greening mats or plant troughs.

These plant carriers 8 are formed, for example, from a plastic material, from wood, from metal or any other materials. However, if the entire greening element 3 is formed from a prefabricated concrete part, then it is preferred if the plant supports 8 are also connected in one piece to the front wall 7 and this in turn forms a prefabricated concrete part with all the other elements.

It is important that a cavity 6 is formed in the interior of the triangular body in cross section, which is either empty and forms a corresponding air space or which can also be filled with an insulating material.

To improve the noise protection effect of such a greening element 3 , it is preferred if the cavity 6 is damped, that is to say it can accommodate corresponding (for example egg cartons) bodies which break and reflect the sound penetrating there in a variety of ways in order to achieve a very favorable sound insulation level to reach.

The cavity 6 can also be filled with appropriate thermal insulation materials.

In another embodiment, however, it can also be designed as a usable space, in which case the rear wall 4 would have a corresponding opening which coincides with a closable opening in the wall 1 , so that the cavity 6 can be accessed from the rear of the wall 1 makes.

The greening elements 3 are suspended on the holding devices 2 of the wall 1 by means of hook elements 11 . These hook elements 11 can either be provided as rails or as individual hooks which engage in the holding devices 2 from above.

It is also important in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 2 that the greening elements 3 hang vertically one below the other and, according to FIG. 4, engage with rabbet-shaped projections 17 in order to form the windproof shielding of the wall 1 to be protected.

Such a stacking fold is also shown in Fig. 3, where it can be seen that the lower rear wall 4 b of the underlying greening element has an upward-facing, front attachment 12 a, which engages with a rear attachment 12 b of the overlying rear wall 4 b and thereby creates a zigzag transition 13 .

The respective extension 9 , which is shown in FIG. 2, thus forms a connecting fold 10 with the extension of the greening element 3 above.

It is important in the illustration in FIG. 4 that an air cushion 15 is formed between the front of the wall 1 and the rear of the rear wall 4 , which can be designed as an air cushion.

It can also be appropriate in the area of this air cushion Anti-noise measures, sound reflecting agents and also thermal insulation agents be arranged.

In FIG. 5 another embodiment of a horizontal connecting joint 14 is shown with a tapered extension b of the upper surface of the lower rear wall 4 19 positively engages in an associated receptacle 18.

FIG. 4 shows, moreover also a pin-shaped projection 16 in order to avoid that the respective greening element can be pivoted away 3 in the direction of arrow 36 to the front, when it engages in the holder 2.

The Fig. 6 is shown a different embodiment of the mounting of a wall 1. It is shown here that such a wall can be received free-standing between supporting pillars 34 , the supporting pillars 34 being able to be arranged on a corresponding fastening surface. In this case, they can be anchored in the ground by means of the foundation 20 according to FIG. 7, but they can also be fastened on any fastening surfaces.

It is important in the case of the support pillars 34 that they have grooves 35 which are distributed around the circumference and run approximately in the vertical direction, into which grooves the wall 1 can be inserted in each case.

Greening elements 3 can now be hung in front of this wall and / or on the back, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.

Here, too, the description in the general part applies that the greening elements 3 need not be continuous, but they can also be alternately supplemented and replaced by curtain-like, flat facade elements.

In Fig. 6 it is indicated on the left that corresponding greening elements 3 - can also be attached to the wall 1 on the back of the wall 1 .

With the assembly technique of the wall 1 shown there is great freedom of design because different types of walls can be inserted into the grooves 35 of the pillars 34 at any angle and the walls 1 can be attached to one another and continued at any angle.

In Fig. 7 it is shown that a support pillar 21 can be used in a foundation 20 , which can also be divided. In order to achieve pillars 21 of different heights, it is provided that a plug connection 25 is provided, so that the pillars 21 are thus divided and a high, a half-high or even a plurality of pillars can be placed one above the other in order to enable the pillars 21 of different heights.

Each support pillar is crowned at its upper end with a head element 24 which rotates approximately mushroom-shaped or hat-shaped and which has the plant supports 8 to be planted.

Instead of a hat-shaped head member 24 but also a plurality of supporting pillars connecting head elements 24 may be present, which continue thus to the rear in the second level of Fig. 7 and extending up to the next support pillars 21 and this cover.

The same also applies to the greening elements 3 to be hung on the supporting pillars 21 , which in turn are each suspended from the supporting pipes by means of detachable holding devices. These greening elements also continue to the next pillar and are so interlocking in the horizontal direction and also in the vertical direction on the fold that the closest possible cover shell is in front of a wall to be protected or in front of a room to be protected (the one in Fig. 7 to the left of the pillar lies) is formed.

Also this greening elements 3 can be alternated by respective wall elements 23, which are in turn hermetically with corresponding Verbindungsfalzen with the greening elements 3 are connected. These wall elements 23 are also detachably connected to the supporting pillars 21 via the corresponding brackets 22 .

Fig. 8 shows as a further embodiment a plurality of stator elements 26, which are arranged vertically one above the other. These stand elements 26 preferably consist of a recycled plastic, which consists, for example, of fibrous interlocking and compressed plastic waste, so that a very elastomeric stand element 26 is formed, which is very well suited to absorb the structure-borne noise acting on the greening elements 30 and to effectively dampen it .

The upright elements 26 are arranged one above the other, and anchor elements, which are no longer shown, can be used for the mutual stabilization of overlying upright elements, which extend vertically from top to bottom and connect upright overlying upright elements 26 .

This stand element 26 has a foot part which merges into a somewhat larger head part 27 . The head part 27 here has lateral bevels 28 which carry the corresponding greening elements 30 (namely the supporting plates 31 of the greening elements there).

As a result, the greening elements 30 lie both on the end faces 28 of the stand elements 26 and on the bevels 28 .

This greening element 30 consists of lateral, bevelled support plates 31 which, as far as possible, are made of one piece of material into a horizontal connecting plate 32 which rests on the head part 27 .

The lower greening element 30 according to FIG. 8 can also have lateral, approximately horizontal shoulders 33 with which it stands on a fastening surface (for example the ground) in order to transmit the corresponding load.

However, if the greening element is not lying on, then the structure-borne noise acting on the greening element is effectively absorbed and damped by the elastomeric stand element 26 .

On the lower greening element 30 , a further supporting element 26 is placed, which carries an identical greening element 30 .

All stand elements 26 and the greening elements 30 resting on them continue to the rear in the plane of FIG. 8, as is shown by dashes in FIG. 8.

In the case of the greening elements 30 lying one above the other in a scale-like manner (this also applies to the previously mentioned greening elements 3 ), it can be provided that the front wall 7 or the support plate 31 is drilled through, in order to ensure that the water entering the greening elements 30 from above also starts the underlying greening elements are passed on.

The respective top plate 32 can have a head-side planting 37 .

Drawing legend

1

wall

2nd

Holding device

3rd

Greening element

3rd

'

4th

Back wall

4th

a,

4th

b

5

Bottom wall

6

cavity

7

Front wall

8th

Plant carrier

9

approach

10th

Connection fold

11

Hook element

12th

approach

12th

a,

12th

b

13

crossing

14

Connecting joint

15

Air cushion

16

approach

17th

approach

18th

admission

19th

approach

20th

foundation

21

Pillar

22

bracket

23

Wall element

24th

Head element

25th

Connector

26

Stand element

27

Headboard

28

Weird

29

Face

30th

Greening element

31

Support plate

32

Connecting plate

33

approach

34

Buttresses

35

Groove

36

Arrow direction

37

planting

Claims (12)

1. elements for facade greening or as a free-standing noise barrier with a plate-shaped element, which has several plant supports filled with substrate, green plants, characterized in that at a distance from a wall ( 1 ) approximately box-shaped greening elements ( 3 , 30 ) in front of the wall ( 1 ) can be fastened and carry plant supports ( 8 ) aligned approximately parallel to the wall on the front, which are stepped in a vertical direction one above the other. 2. Greening element according to claim 1, characterized in that a cavity ( 6 ) is formed between the wall ( 1 ) and the greening element ( 3 , 30 ). 3. Greening element according to claim 2, characterized in that the cavity ( 6 ) is filled with heat insulation material and optionally also with noise protection material. 4. Greening element according to one of claims 1-3, characterized in that the greening element ( 3 , 30 ) is approximately triangular in cross section, and an approximately horizontal lower bottom wall ( 5 ), an approximately parallel to the wall ( 1 ) to be attached rear wall ( 4 ) and an obliquely forward-facing front wall ( 7 ) on which the plant carriers ( 8 ) are stepped and arranged parallel to one another. 5. Greening element according to one of claims 1-4, characterized in that the greening elements ( 3 , 30 ) are free-standing as a noise barrier. 6. Greening element according to one of claims 4 or 5, characterized in that individual greening elements ( 3 , 30 ) are attached next to each other and hanging from each other on the wall ( 1 ) and that their abutting end faces are designed as a connecting fold ( 10 ). 7. Greening element according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the greening elements ( 3 , 30 ) on the rear wall ( 4 ) carry hook elements ( 11 ) which cooperate with associated holding devices ( 2 ) on the wall ( 1 ). 8. Greening element according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that in a free-standing noise barrier at a distance from each other, parallel support pillars ( 34 ) are anchored on a fastening surface, each support pillar having circumferentially distributed, approximately vertical grooves ( 35 ) , in which grooves one side of the wall ( 1 ) engages, which carries the greening elements ( 3 , 30 ), ( Fig. 6). 9. Greening element according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that in the absence of plant carriers ( 8 ) on the stepped front wall ( 7 ) projections, spikes or the like fastening means are arranged, which receive greening mats or separate plant troughs. 10. Greening element according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that on the stepped front wall ( 7 ) of the greening element ( 3 , 30 ), the plant carriers ( 8 ) are integrally formed on the material. 11. Greening element according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that for the formation of a free-standing noise barrier post-like stand elements ( 26 ) made of a vibration-damping material are arranged vertically one above the other and that the greening elements ( 30 ) both on the end faces ( 28 ) of the stand elements ( 26 ), as well as on the slopes 28 . 12. Greening elements according to claims 11, characterized in that 5 the greening element ( 30 ) consists of lateral, bevelled support plates ( 31 ) which merge into a horizontal connecting plate ( 32 ) which rests on a head part ( 27 ).