CN119247630B - A multi-level, multi-dimensional controllable augmented reality near-eye display device - Google Patents

A multi-level, multi-dimensional controllable augmented reality near-eye display device

Info

Publication number
CN119247630B
CN119247630B CN202411588813.7A CN202411588813A CN119247630B CN 119247630 B CN119247630 B CN 119247630B CN 202411588813 A CN202411588813 A CN 202411588813A CN 119247630 B CN119247630 B CN 119247630B
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
light
display
holographic
optical element
level
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CN202411588813.7A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN119247630A (en
Inventor
李强
刘志伟
许浩然
王晓蕊
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Xidian University
Original Assignee
Xidian University
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Xidian University filed Critical Xidian University
Priority to CN202411588813.7A priority Critical patent/CN119247630B/en
Publication of CN119247630A publication Critical patent/CN119247630A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN119247630B publication Critical patent/CN119247630B/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
    • G02B27/0103—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising holographic elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/09—Beam shaping, e.g. changing the cross-sectional area, not otherwise provided for
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/18—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for optical projection, e.g. combination of mirror and condenser and objective
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/28—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/42—Diffraction optics, i.e. systems including a diffractive element being designed for providing a diffractive effect
    • G02B27/4205—Diffraction optics, i.e. systems including a diffractive element being designed for providing a diffractive effect having a diffractive optical element [DOE] contributing to image formation, e.g. whereby modulation transfer function MTF or optical aberrations are relevant
    • G02B27/4222—Diffraction optics, i.e. systems including a diffractive element being designed for providing a diffractive effect having a diffractive optical element [DOE] contributing to image formation, e.g. whereby modulation transfer function MTF or optical aberrations are relevant in projection exposure systems, e.g. photolithographic systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/14—Details
    • G03B21/20—Lamp housings
    • G03B21/2066—Reflectors in illumination beam
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/14—Details
    • G03B21/20—Lamp housings
    • G03B21/2073—Polarisers in the lamp house
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/14—Details
    • G03B21/20—Lamp housings
    • G03B21/208—Homogenising, shaping of the illumination light
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/14—Details
    • G03B21/28—Reflectors in projection beam
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
    • G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
    • G03H1/22—Processes or apparatus for obtaining an optical image from holograms

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a multistage multidimensional controllable augmented reality near-to-eye display device which comprises a display collimation module, a light control module and a display panel. The display collimation module comprises a display source, an absorption type polaroid and a collimating mirror, wherein the display source projects different sheet sources according to visual effect grades, the display source projects parallel S polarized light through the absorption type polaroid and the collimating mirror, the light control module comprises a polarization converter, a reflection type polaroid and a reflection film, the light in a corresponding area is subjected to polarization modulation according to the visual effect grades, the projection direction is changed, and the display panel is an optically transparent multiplexing holographic optical element, and different display functions can be realized according to different projection directions. The device can realize three-level control of visual effect, multi-dimensional mixed display control of two-dimensional and three-dimensional information and arbitrary control of display area.

Description

Multistage multidimensional controllable augmented reality near-to-eye display device
1. Technical field
The invention relates to the technical field of augmented reality near-eye display, in particular to a multistage and multidimensional controllable augmented reality near-eye display device.
2. Background art
Among the many augmented reality display devices, the head-mounted near-to-eye display occupies an important place in the augmented reality technology with its high immersion, real-time interactivity, and its wide application fields.
The traditional head-mounted 3D display based on the binocular parallax 3D display technology is deeply plagued by the problem of set-adjustment conflict, so that the visual comfort of a user and the use time are reduced. Current solutions include integrated imaging 3D display technology and retinal projection display technology, among others. The retina projection technology based on Maxwell observation method focuses light beams containing image information to a principal point of a human eye lens through an optical system, then directly projects the light beams onto retina to form image vision, so that the problem of set-adjustment conflict of a traditional near-eye display is relieved to a certain extent, a user can focus on a real environment object without affecting the definition of a virtual image, and the display of a three-dimensional stereoscopic image can be realized through binocular parallax, the definition is high, but a monocular focus adjustment depth cue is lost, and 3D sense is weak. The integrated imaging 3D display technology based on geometrical optics realizes full parallax true three-dimensional display through the light field image matched with the micro-array structure, has stronger 3D sense, is limited by the micro-array structure and the micro-display screen, and has smaller visual field and lower spatial resolution.
Conventional 2D/3D hybrid display schemes fall broadly into two categories. One is a space division multiplexing technique, such as projecting a 2D image and a 3D image onto a concave half mirror array using two sets of projections, thereby rendering a 2D/3D hybrid image, but the system volume is multiplied due to the increased projector equipment. Another method is a time division multiplexing technology, which uses the human eye temporary effect to make the two-dimensional image or the three-dimensional image linearly superimposed in space, and a display device with high response speed is required, and the pixel utilization efficiency of a single display panel is low. Due to limitations in reconstructed image quality or system hardware architecture, the display of optically transparent head-mounted near-to-eye augmented reality displays still requires further improvements.
3. Summary of the invention
The invention provides a multistage multidimensional controllable augmented reality near-to-eye display device, which has the same left and right structures and a unilateral structure as shown in figure 1, and consists of a display collimation module, a light control module and a display panel.
The display collimation module comprises a display source, an absorption type polaroid and a collimation lens. The display source projects different film sources according to visual effect levels, a common 2D film source is projected under first-level and second-level vision, a 3D film source is projected under third-level vision, a 2D/3D mixed film source is projected under mixed vision, a transmission axis of the absorption type polaroid is perpendicular to an incidence plane and is used for filtering light rays from the display source to generate S polarized light, and the collimating lens is used for collimating the light rays filtered by the absorption type polaroid to generate parallel S polarized projection light.
The light control module comprises a polarization converter, a reflective polarizer and a reflective film. The polarization converter is an active liquid crystal device, and pixelation control of the polarization state of incident light is achieved by loading a pixelation mask. The pixelated mask is a black and white mask that has the same outline as the different sub-images in the display image. Wherein the black area of the pixelated mask corresponds to a normal 2D image for primary or secondary vision through which light does not change polarization state, and the white area of the pixelated mask corresponds to a 3D image for tertiary vision through which light from S-polarized light is converted to P-polarized light, as shown in fig. 2. The reflective polarizer has a characteristic of reflecting P-polarized light and transmitting S-polarized light, and is used for controlling projection light to be irradiated onto the multiplexing-type holographic optical element at a specific angle theta 1. The reflection characteristics of the reflection film are independent of polarization, and the reflection film is used for irradiating S polarized light transmitted through the reflection type polaroid onto the multiplexing type holographic optical element at a specific angle theta 2.
The display panel, namely the multiplexing holographic optical element, has the functions of a focusing lens and a lens array, can reconstruct light rays irradiated by theta 1 into a 3D image, focus the light rays irradiated by theta 2 to pupils, and other ambient light which does not meet the irradiation condition directly penetrates through the multiplexing holographic optical element.
The multiplexing type holographic optical element is a reflective volume holographic grating and is prepared by carrying out holographic exposure on a holographic material twice.
A schematic diagram of a first holographic exposure is shown in fig. 3, where the exposure apparatus comprises a lens array and holographic material. The lens array is parallel and clung to the holographic material, the signal light I and the reference light I are parallel light and have the same wavelength, and the signal light I and the reference light I are respectively positioned at two sides of the holographic material. The signal light I vertically irradiates the holographic material, the reference light I is incident on the holographic material at an incident angle theta 1 and interferes with the signal light I, the optical function of the lens array is recorded on the holographic material, and the first holographic exposure of the multiplexing holographic optical element is completed.
The second holographic exposure is schematically shown in fig. 4, and the exposure apparatus comprises a focusing lens and holographic material. The focusing lens is parallel to and clings to the holographic material, the signal light II and the reference light II are parallel light and have the same wavelength, and the signal light II and the reference light II are respectively positioned on two sides of the holographic material. The signal light II vertically irradiates the holographic material, the reference light II is incident on the holographic material at an incident angle theta 2 and interferes with the signal light II, the optical function of the lens array is recorded on the holographic material, and the second holographic exposure of the multiplexing type holographic optical element is completed. The difference between the incident angles of the reference light I and the reference light II should be larger than the half-angle bandwidth Δθ of the multiplexed holographic optical element, avoiding that different incident lights satisfying the bragg condition generate reproduction lights of mutual crosstalk.
The multiplexing holographic optical element can be of a single-layer multi-exposure structure or a multi-layer single-exposure structure.
The light paths of the multi-stage multi-dimensional controllable augmented reality near-to-eye display device in the first-stage and second-stage visual modes are shown in fig. 5, the left and right display sources display normal 2D images without parallax or with parallax, the polarization converters are fully loaded with black masks, and the light rays of the display sources pass through the absorption type polaroid, the collimating mirror and the polarization converters, so that all the generated projection light is S polarized light. At this time, the projection light passes through the reflective polarizer, is reflected by the reflective film, irradiates the multiplexing type holographic optical element in parallel at an angle of θ 2, and is then directly focused in the pupil, thereby realizing 2D or 3D display of the retina.
The light path of the multi-stage multi-dimensional controllable augmented reality near-to-eye display device in the three-stage visual mode is shown in fig. 6, the left display source and the right display source display light field images containing 3D information, the polarization converter is fully loaded with a white mask, and light rays of the display source pass through the absorption type polaroid, the collimating mirror and the polarization converter, and all projection light generated by the light rays are P polarized light. At this time, the projection light is reflected by the reflective polarizer, and the multiplexed holographic optical element is irradiated in parallel at an angle of θ 1, so as to be reconstructed into a 3D image, thereby realizing integrated imaging 3D display.
In the multi-stage multi-dimensional controllable augmented reality near-to-eye display device, the left display source and the right display source display a common 2D image without parallax or with parallax and a light field image containing 3D information in a mixed vision mode, the polarization converter loads a black-white mixed mask corresponding to the outline of the common image and the outline of the light field image, and light rays of the display source pass through the absorption type polaroid, the collimating mirror and the polarization converter to generate projection light which is mixed projection light of S polarized light and P polarized light. At this time, P-polarized light in the mixed projection light is reflected by the reflective polarizer, and the multiplexed hologram optical element is irradiated in parallel at an angle of θ 1, and reconstructed into a 3D image. The rest of the S-polarized light in the mixed projection light is transmitted through the reflective polarizer, reflected by the reflective film, irradiated in parallel at an angle of θ 2 to the multiplexed hologram optical element, and then focused directly in the pupil. Thereby realizing a 2D/3D hybrid display combining the retinal 2D display and the integrated imaging 3D display.
The invention provides a multistage multidimensional controllable augmented reality near-to-eye display device, which modulates projection light with different contents through a polarization converter, a reflective polarizer and a reflective film, can realize three-stage control of visual effect, multidimensional mixed display control of two-dimensional and three-dimensional information and arbitrary control of a display area, effectively improves the pixel utilization efficiency of a single display panel, has a simple structure, is easy to miniaturize, combines retina projection technology and integrated imaging display, effectively avoids the defects of single display technology, adapts to processors with various application scenes and different computing capacities, and has potential development and application values.
4. Description of the drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a single-side view of a multi-stage, multi-dimensional, controllable augmented reality near-to-eye display device
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the change of polarization state of the outgoing light after the light enters different regions of the polarization converter
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a first holographic exposure light path of a multiplexed holographic optical element
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a multiplexed holographic optical element secondary holographic exposure path
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the optical path of the device of the present invention in the primary and secondary vision modes
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the light path in the three-level vision mode of the device of the present invention
The graphic symbols in the drawings are:
1 display source, 2 absorbing polarizer, 3 collimator mirror, 400 polarization converter, 401 polarization converter black mask portion, 402 polarization converter white mask portion, 5 reflective polarizer, 6 reflective film, 7 multiplexing holographic optical element, 8 viewer, 9S polarized projection light, 10P polarized projection light, 11 signal light I,12 lens array, 13 holographic material, 14 reference light I,15 signal light II,16 focusing lens, 17 reference light II,18 reconstruction light I,19 reconstruction light I reverse extension, 20 virtual 2D image, 21 reconstruction light II,22 reverse extension of the same object point reconstruction light, 23 virtual 3D image.
It should be understood that the above-described figures are merely schematic and are not drawn to scale.
5. Detailed description of the preferred embodiments
An exemplary embodiment of a multi-level, multi-dimensional, controllable augmented reality near-to-eye display device of the present invention is described in detail below, and the present invention is further described in detail. It is noted that the following examples are given for the purpose of illustration only and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, since numerous insubstantial modifications and adaptations of the invention will be within the scope of the invention as viewed by one skilled in the art from the foregoing disclosure.
The invention provides a multistage multidimensional controllable augmented reality near-to-eye display device, which has the same left and right structures and a unilateral structure as shown in figure 1, and consists of a display collimation module, a light control module and a display panel.
The display collimation module comprises a display source, an absorption type polaroid and a collimation lens. The display source projects different film sources according to visual effect levels, a common 2D film source is projected under first-level and second-level vision, a 3D film source is projected under third-level vision, a 2D/3D mixed film source is projected under mixed vision, a transmission axis of the absorption type polaroid is perpendicular to an incidence plane and is used for filtering light rays from the display source to generate S polarized light, and the collimating lens is used for collimating the light rays filtered by the absorption type polaroid to generate parallel S polarized projection light.
The light control module comprises a polarization converter, a reflective polarizer and a reflective film. The polarization converter is an active liquid crystal device, and pixelation control of the polarization state of incident light is achieved by loading a pixelation mask. The pixelated mask is a black and white mask that has the same outline as the different sub-images in the display image. Wherein the black area of the pixelated mask corresponds to a normal 2D image for primary or secondary vision through which light does not change polarization state, and the white area of the pixelated mask corresponds to a 3D image for tertiary vision through which light from S-polarized light is converted to P-polarized light, as shown in fig. 2. The reflective polarizer has a characteristic of reflecting P-polarized light and transmitting S-polarized light, and is used for controlling projection light to be irradiated onto the multiplexing type holographic optical element at a specific angle of 35 °. The reflection characteristics of the reflection film are independent of polarization, and the reflection film is used for irradiating S polarized light transmitted through the reflection type polaroid onto the multiplexing type holographic optical element at a specific angle of 45 degrees.
The display panel, namely the multiplexing type holographic optical element, has the functions of a focusing lens and a lens array, can reconstruct light irradiated at 35 degrees into a 3D image, focus the light irradiated at 45 degrees to pupils, and other ambient light which does not meet the irradiation condition directly penetrates through the multiplexing type holographic optical element.
The multiplexing type holographic optical element is a reflective volume holographic grating and is prepared by carrying out holographic exposure on a holographic material twice.
The first holographic exposure is schematically shown in fig. 3, and the exposure device comprises a lens array and holographic material, wherein the focal length of the lens array is-14 mm. The lens array is parallel and clung to the holographic material, the signal light I and the reference light I are parallel light and have the same wavelength, and the signal light I and the reference light I are respectively positioned at two sides of the holographic material. The signal light I irradiates the holographic material vertically, the reference light I is incident on the holographic material at an incident angle of 35 degrees, and interferes with the signal light I, the optical function of the lens array is recorded on the holographic material, and the first holographic exposure of the multiplexing holographic optical element is completed.
The second holographic exposure is schematically shown in fig. 4, and the exposure device comprises a focusing lens and holographic material, wherein the rear intercept of the focusing lens is 26mm. The focusing lens is parallel to and clings to the holographic material, the signal light II and the reference light II are parallel light and have the same wavelength, and the signal light II and the reference light II are respectively positioned on two sides of the holographic material. The signal light II vertically irradiates the holographic material, the reference light II is incident on the holographic material at an incident angle of 45 degrees and interferes with the signal light II, the optical function of the lens array is recorded on the holographic material, and the second holographic exposure of the multiplexing holographic optical element is completed. The difference between the incident angles of the reference light I and the reference light II should be larger than the half angle bandwidth of the multiplexed holographic optical element by 10 deg., avoiding that different incident lights satisfying the bragg condition generate reproduction lights of mutual crosstalk.
The multiplexing holographic optical element can be of a single-layer multi-exposure structure or a multi-layer single-exposure structure.
The light paths of the multi-stage multi-dimensional controllable augmented reality near-to-eye display device in the first-stage and second-stage visual modes are shown in the attached figure 5, the left and right display sources display normal 2D images without parallax or with parallax, the polarization converters are all loaded with black masks, the light rays of the display sources pass through the absorption type polaroid, the collimating lens and the polarization converters, all the generated projection light is S-polarized light, the projection light has the same wavelength as the reference light II, and the wavelength is 532nm. At this time, the projection light is transmitted through the reflective polarizer, reflected by the reflective film, and irradiated in parallel at an angle of 45 ° to the multiplexing type hologram optical element, and the generated reproduction light I is directly focused at 26mm in the pupil, thereby realizing retinal 2D or 3D display.
The light path of the multi-stage multi-dimensional controllable augmented reality near-to-eye display device in the three-stage visual mode is shown in fig. 6, the left display source and the right display source display light field images containing 3D information, the polarization converter is fully loaded with a white mask, light rays of the display source pass through the absorption type polaroid, the collimating mirror and the polarization converter, all projection light generated by the light rays are P polarized light, the projection light has the same wavelength as the reference light I, and the wavelength is 532nm. At the moment, the projection light is reflected by the reflective polaroid, the multiplexing type holographic optical element is irradiated in parallel at an angle of 35 degrees, a spherical wave array with the focal length of-14 mm is generated, a central depth plane is generated at the position of-14 mm, and a 3D image is reconstructed near the central depth plane, so that integrated imaging 3D display is realized.
In the multi-stage multi-dimensional controllable augmented reality near-to-eye display device, the left display source and the right display source display a common 2D image without parallax or with parallax and a light field image containing 3D information in a mixed vision mode, the polarization converter loads a black-white mixed mask corresponding to the outline of the common image and the light field image, light rays of the display source pass through the absorption type polaroid, the collimating mirror and the polarization converter, the generated projection light is mixed projection light of S polarized light and P polarized light, and the projection light wavelength is 532nm. At this time, P-polarized light in the mixed projection light is reflected by the reflective polarizer, and the multiplexed hologram optical element is irradiated in parallel at an angle of 35 °, and reconstructed into a 3D image. The remaining S-polarized light in the mixed projection light is transmitted through the reflective polarizer, reflected by the reflective film, irradiated in parallel at an angle of 45 ° to the multiplexed hologram optical element, and then focused directly in the pupil. Thereby realizing a 2D/3D hybrid display combining the retinal 2D display and the integrated imaging 3D display.
In this embodiment, the polarization converter, the reflective polarizer and the reflective film modulate projection light with different contents, so that three-level control of visual effect, multi-dimensional mixed display control of two-dimensional and three-dimensional information and arbitrary control of a display area can be realized, the pixel utilization efficiency of a single display panel is effectively improved, the structure is simple, miniaturization is easy, the retina projection technology and integrated imaging display are combined, the defect of the single display technology is effectively avoided, the method is suitable for processors with various application scenes and different computing capacities, and potential development and application values are realized.

Claims (7)

1.一种多级多维度可控的增强现实近眼显示装置，其特征在于，该装置由显示准直模组、光控模组和显示面板组成；所述显示准直模组包含显示源、吸收型偏振片和准直镜；所述显示源根据视觉效果等级投影不同的片源，在一级和二级视觉下投影普通2D片源，在三级视觉下投影3D片源，在混合视觉下，投影2D/3D混合片源；所述吸收型偏振片的透射轴与入射面垂直，用于过滤来自显示源的光线，产生S偏振光；所述准直镜用于对所述吸收型偏振片过滤的光线进行准直，产生平行的S偏振投影光；所述光控模组包含偏振转换器、反射型偏振片和反射膜；所述偏振转换器是一个有源液晶器件，通过加载像素化掩模实现像素化控制入射光的偏振态；像素化掩膜是一张与显示图像中不同子图像轮廓相同的黑白掩膜，其中像素化掩膜的黑色区域与用于一级或二级视觉的普通2D图像相对应，光线经过该区域不会改变偏振状态，像素化掩膜的白色区域与用于三级视觉的3D图像相对应，经过该区域将从S偏振光转变为P偏振光；所述反射型偏振片具有反射P偏振光并透过S偏振光的特性，用于控制投影光以角度θ1照射到多路复用型全息光学元件上；所述反射膜的反射特性与偏振无关，用于将透过反射型偏振片的S偏振光以角度θ2照射到多路复用型全息光学元件上；所述显示面板即多路复用型全息光学元件，同时具有聚焦透镜和透镜阵列的功能，能够将以θ1照射的光线重建为3D图像，将以θ2照射的光线聚焦至瞳孔，其他不满足照射条件的环境光则直接透过所述多路复用型全息光学元件。1. A multi-level, multi-dimensional controllable augmented reality near-eye display device, characterized in that the device comprises a display collimation module, a light control module, and a display panel; the display collimation module includes a display source, an absorptive polarizer, and a collimating lens; the display source projects different source materials according to the visual effect level, projecting ordinary 2D source materials under first-level and second-level vision, projecting 3D source materials under third-level vision, and projecting a 2D/3D hybrid source material under mixed vision; the transmission axis of the absorptive polarizer is perpendicular to the incident plane, used to filter light from the display source and generate S-polarized light; the collimating lens is used to collimate the light filtered by the absorptive polarizer, generating parallel S-polarized projection light; The light control module includes a polarization converter, a reflective polarizer, and a reflective film. The polarization converter is an active liquid crystal device that controls the polarization state of incident light by loading a pixelated mask. The pixelated mask is a black and white mask with the same outline as different sub-images in the displayed image. The black area of the pixelated mask corresponds to a normal 2D image used for primary or secondary vision, and light passing through this area will not change its polarization state. The white area of the pixelated mask corresponds to a 3D image used for tertiary vision, and light passing through this area will change from S-polarized light to P-polarized light. The reflective polarizer has the characteristic of reflecting P-polarized light and transmitting S-polarized light, and is used to control the projection light at an angle θ. 1. The light is irradiated onto a multiplexed holographic optical element; the reflective properties of the reflective film are independent of polarization, and it is used to irradiate the S-polarized light transmitted through the reflective polarizer onto the multiplexed holographic optical element at an angle θ 2 ; the display panel is the multiplexed holographic optical element, which also has the functions of a focusing lens and a lens array, and can reconstruct a 3D image from the light irradiated at θ 1 , focus the light irradiated at θ 2 onto the pupil, and allow other ambient light that does not meet the irradiation conditions to pass directly through the multiplexed holographic optical element. 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种多级多维度可控的增强现实近眼显示装置，其特征在于，所述多路复用型全息光学元件是反射型体全息光栅，通过对全息材料两次全息曝光制成；第一次全息曝光装置包括透镜阵列和全息材料，透镜阵列和全息材料平行且紧贴，信号光Ⅰ和参考光Ⅰ为平行光，且拥有相同的波长，两者分别位于全息材料两侧，信号光Ⅰ垂直照射全息材料，参考光Ⅰ以入射角θ1到全息材料上，并与信号光Ⅰ发生干涉，在全息材料上记录下透镜阵列的光学函数，完成所述多路复用型全息光学元件的第一次全息曝光；第二次全息曝光装置包括聚焦透镜和全息材料，聚焦透镜和全息材料平行且紧贴，信号光Ⅱ和参考光Ⅱ为平行光，且拥有相同的波长，两者分别位于全息材料两侧，信号光Ⅱ垂直照射全息材料，参考光Ⅱ以入射角θ2到全息材料上，并与信号光Ⅱ发生干涉，在全息材料上记录下透镜阵列的光学函数，完成所述多路复用型全息光学元件的第二次全息曝光。2. The multi-level, multi-dimensional controllable augmented reality near-eye display device according to claim 1, characterized in that the multiplexed holographic optical element is a reflective volume holographic grating, fabricated by two holographic exposures of the holographic material; the first holographic exposure device includes a lens array and a holographic material, the lens array and the holographic material are parallel and closely attached, signal light I and reference light I are parallel lights with the same wavelength, located on opposite sides of the holographic material, signal light I perpendicularly irradiates the holographic material, and reference light I is incident on the holographic material at an incident angle θ1 and interferes with signal light I, recording the optical function of the lens array on the holographic material, thus completing the first holographic exposure of the multiplexed holographic optical element; the second holographic exposure device includes a focusing lens and a holographic material, the focusing lens and the holographic material are parallel and closely attached, signal light II and reference light II are parallel lights with the same wavelength, located on opposite sides of the holographic material, signal light II perpendicularly irradiates the holographic material, and reference light II is incident on the holographic material at an incident angle θ1. The signal light 2 is applied to the holographic material and interferes with the signal light Ⅱ, recording the optical function of the lens array on the holographic material, thus completing the second holographic exposure of the multiplexed holographic optical element. 3.根据权利要求1所述的一种多级多维度可控的增强现实近眼显示装置，其特征在于，在一级和二级视觉模式下，左右所述显示源显示无视差或有视差的普通2D图像，所述偏振转换器就全部加载黑色掩膜，显示源的光线经过所述吸收型偏振片、准直镜和偏振转换器，产生的所有投影光都是S偏振光，此时投影光透过所述反射型偏振片，被所述反射膜反射，以θ2的角度平行照射所述多路复用型全息光学元件，然后被直接聚焦在瞳孔中，实现视网膜2D或3D显示。3. A multi-level, multi-dimensional controllable augmented reality near-eye display device according to claim 1, characterized in that, in the first and second level visual modes, the left and right display sources display ordinary 2D images with or without parallax, and the polarization converter is fully loaded with a black mask. The light from the display source passes through the absorptive polarizer, collimating lens and polarization converter, and all the projected light generated is S-polarized light. At this time, the projected light passes through the reflective polarizer, is reflected by the reflective film, and illuminates the multiplexed holographic optical element at an angle of θ2 , and is then directly focused into the pupil to realize retinal 2D or 3D display. 4.根据权利要求1所述的一种多级多维度可控的增强现实近眼显示装置，其特征在于，在三级视觉模式下，左右所述显示源显示包含3D信息的光场图像，所述偏振转换器就全部加载白色掩膜，显示源的光线经过所述吸收型偏振片、准直镜和偏振转换器，产生的所有投影光都是P偏振光，此时投影光被所述反射型偏振片反射，以θ1的角度平行照射所述多路复用型全息光学元件，被重建为3D图像，实现集成成像3D显示。4. The multi-level, multi-dimensional controllable augmented reality near-eye display device according to claim 1, characterized in that, in the three-level visual mode, the left and right display sources display light field images containing 3D information, the polarization converter is fully loaded with a white mask, the light from the display source passes through the absorptive polarizer, collimating lens and polarization converter, and all the projected light generated is P-polarized light. At this time, the projected light is reflected by the reflective polarizer and illuminates the multiplexed holographic optical element at an angle θ1 , and is reconstructed into a 3D image, realizing integrated imaging 3D display. 5.根据权利要求1所述的一种多级多维度可控的增强现实近眼显示装置，其特征在于，在混合视觉模式下，左右所述显示源显示无视差或有视差的普通2D图像和包含3D信息的光场图像，所述偏振转换器会加载与普通图像和光场图像轮廓相对应的黑白混合掩膜，显示源的光线经过所述吸收型偏振片、准直镜和偏振转换器，产生的投影光是S偏振光和P偏振光的混合投影光，此时混合投影光中的P偏振光被所述反射型偏振片反射，以θ1的角度平行照射所述多路复用型全息光学元件，被重建为3D图像；混合投影光中剩余的S偏振光透过所述反射型偏振片，被所述反射膜反射，以θ2的角度平行照射所述多路复用型全息光学元件，然后被直接聚焦在瞳孔中，从而实现组合视网膜2D显示和集成成像3D显示的2D/3D混合显示。5. A multi-level, multi-dimensional controllable augmented reality near-eye display device according to claim 1, characterized in that, in the mixed vision mode, the left and right display sources display ordinary 2D images with or without parallax and light field images containing 3D information. The polarization converter loads a black-and-white mixed mask corresponding to the outlines of the ordinary image and the light field image. The light from the display source passes through the absorptive polarizer, collimating lens, and polarization converter, and the resulting projection light is a mixed projection light of S-polarized light and P-polarized light. At this time, the P-polarized light in the mixed projection light is reflected by the reflective polarizer and illuminates the multiplexed holographic optical element at an angle θ1 , and is reconstructed into a 3D image. The remaining S-polarized light in the mixed projection light passes through the reflective polarizer, is reflected by the reflective film, illuminates the multiplexed holographic optical element at an angle θ2 , and is then directly focused into the pupil, thereby realizing a 2D/3D mixed display combining retinal 2D display and integrated imaging 3D display. 6.根据权利要求1所述的一种多级多维度可控的增强现实近眼显示装置，其特征在于，所述多路复用型全息光学元件，是单层多次曝光结构，或是多层单次曝光结构。6. The augmented reality near-eye display device with multi-level and multi-dimensional controllability according to claim 1, wherein the multiplexed holographic optical element is a single-layer multiple exposure structure or a multi-layer single exposure structure. 7.根据权利要求2所述的一种多级多维度可控的增强现实近眼显示装置，其特征在于，所述第一次全息曝光参考光Ⅰ和第二次全息曝光参考光Ⅱ的入射角之差应该大于多路复用型全息光学元件的半角带宽△θ，避免不同满足布拉格条件的入射光生成相互串扰的再现光。7. The multi-level, multi-dimensional controllable augmented reality near-eye display device according to claim 2, characterized in that the difference in incident angle between the first holographic exposure reference light I and the second holographic exposure reference light II should be greater than the half-angle bandwidth Δθ of the multiplexed holographic optical element, so as to avoid the generation of mutually crosstalking reconstructed light by incident lights that satisfy different Bragg conditions.
CN202411588813.7A 2024-11-07 2024-11-07 A multi-level, multi-dimensional controllable augmented reality near-eye display device Active CN119247630B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202411588813.7A CN119247630B (en) 2024-11-07 2024-11-07 A multi-level, multi-dimensional controllable augmented reality near-eye display device

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202411588813.7A CN119247630B (en) 2024-11-07 2024-11-07 A multi-level, multi-dimensional controllable augmented reality near-eye display device

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN119247630A CN119247630A (en) 2025-01-03
CN119247630B true CN119247630B (en) 2025-12-05

Family

ID=94034788

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202411588813.7A Active CN119247630B (en) 2024-11-07 2024-11-07 A multi-level, multi-dimensional controllable augmented reality near-eye display device

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN119247630B (en)

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115047643A (en) * 2022-06-07 2022-09-13 四川大学 Locally controllable 2D/3D hybrid display device and light field image generation method
CN115793239A (en) * 2021-09-13 2023-03-14 极瞳科技(北京)有限公司 Holographic near-to-eye display system and method based on multiple spatial light modulators

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10297180B2 (en) * 2015-08-03 2019-05-21 Facebook Technologies, Llc Compensation of chromatic dispersion in a tunable beam steering device for improved display
CN116034311A (en) * 2020-09-17 2023-04-28 太平洋灯光全息图公司 Suppress display of zero order light in object reconstruction

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115793239A (en) * 2021-09-13 2023-03-14 极瞳科技(北京)有限公司 Holographic near-to-eye display system and method based on multiple spatial light modulators
CN115047643A (en) * 2022-06-07 2022-09-13 四川大学 Locally controllable 2D/3D hybrid display device and light field image generation method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN119247630A (en) 2025-01-03

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US11022799B2 (en) Projector-combiner display with beam replication
JP5060704B2 (en) Flat projection display
JP6320451B2 (en) Display device
US11480811B2 (en) Head-up display
JP7843336B2 (en) Near-eye image projection system and wearable device equipped with a near-eye image projection system
CN115840290B (en) Compact head-up display
CN109031669B (en) Compact holographic near-to-eye AR display system and application thereof
WO2018157713A1 (en) Information display device and information display method
JP2021152643A (en) Pupil expansion method
WO2019041812A1 (en) Display system and display method
JP2023046288A (en) Compact head-up display
CN113608354A (en) Holographic near-eye display system based on electric control polarization modulator and eye pupil box expansion method
JP2013195802A (en) Holographic stereogram recording device and method
CN113534477B (en) Optical assembly, display system and manufacturing method
CN119247630B (en) A multi-level, multi-dimensional controllable augmented reality near-eye display device
CN113534478A (en) Optical assembly, display system and manufacturing method
JP2003015079A (en) Stereoscopic image display method and display device
JPH10232592A (en) Image recording device and image reproducing device
JP2007526499A (en) Volumetric imaging display device using a birefringent optical path length adjuster
JP3301321B2 (en) Illumination optical system device and projection display device
US20240272436A1 (en) Image display apparatus and light guide optical system
CN113534455B (en) Optical assembly, display system and manufacturing method
CN113534476B (en) Optical assembly, display system and manufacturing method
CN118401874A (en) Image artifact mitigation in display systems with folded light paths
CN113687518A (en) Optical system and optical apparatus

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant