CN115184584A - Two-dimensional physical simulation test device and method capable of adjusting size and angle simultaneously - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a two-dimensional physical simulation test device and a two-dimensional physical simulation test method capable of adjusting size and angle simultaneously, and relates to the technical field of coal seam simulated mining. The device comprises a test frame, a test bin, a hydraulic oil cylinder and a size adjusting device; the test bin is used for paving similar materials, a hinged support is arranged at the bottom of one side of the test bin and hinged with the base, the bottom of the test bin, which is opposite to the hinged support, is hinged with the hydraulic oil cylinder, and a size adjusting device is connected above the hydraulic oil cylinder; the bottom plate in test storehouse is telescopic structure, and when size adjusting device moved on the slide rail, the size in test storehouse was adjusted through telescopic removal, is provided with the slide rail on the opposite face in back timber and test storehouse, and size adjusting device can slide left and right along the slide rail. The device can change the size and the angle of the model at the same time, so that the experiment is more consistent with the actual engineering, and the equipment is simple and easy to operate.

Description

Two-dimensional physical simulation test device and method whose size and angle can be adjusted simultaneously

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of coal seam simulation mining, in particular to a two-dimensional physical simulation test device and method whose size and angle can be adjusted simultaneously.

Background technique

Carrying out similar material simulation experiments is an important means to study the movement of overlying rock and the laws of ground performance. However, the current related equipment cannot adjust the size of the model according to the experimental requirements, and the structure of the equipment for changing the angle and inclination of the equipment is complex. In order to meet the requirements, most equipment needs to be Multiple support shafts, support mechanisms, and hydraulic cylinders are set to adjust the size and angle of the model. The equipment operation process is complicated, which increases the difficulty of the experiment.

Application No. 201910798308.8 discloses a similar simulation test loading device with adjustable model size. The device adjusts the size of the model by adjusting the right support frame, and increases the horizontal load on both sides of the model. However, the size of the test chamber is adjusted The test chamber is fixed on the base, and the angle of the model cannot be adjusted, and the device requires a large base space to accommodate the lowering of the left baffle.

Application No. 201510011652.X discloses a physical similarity simulation test device and method for inclined rock formations. The experimental device is composed of an external frame, a tiltable frame, front and rear baffles, a hydraulic support device and a suspension lifting device, and the equipment occupies a relatively small space. The structure is large, the composition structure is complex, and the experimental process is cumbersome, and the sling and hook are used in the model to realize the inclination of the tiltable frame, which poses a safety risk.

Application No. 202011605002.5 discloses an indoor model test device for grouting reinforcement of layered surrounding rock, including a rotatable test bench, a jacking mechanism, a ground stress loading system, a grouting system and a monitoring system, and the jacking mechanism is installed on the ground , the rotatable test bench includes a test box that can accommodate layered surrounding rocks, one end of the bottom of the test box is hinged on the ground, and the other end is supported on the jacking mechanism. The test stand disclosed therein is rotatable. However, when the test bench is rotated, it is always impossible to adjust the size of the model.

To sum up, the prior art still has the following technical problems:

Similar material simulation test devices for simulating inclined coal seams cannot change the size and angle of the model at the same time, and it is difficult to intuitively display the evolution characteristics of the overlying rock movement. Most of the equipment has complex structures, cumbersome adjustment methods for size and angle, and difficult operations, which lead to low experiment efficiency and inability to conduct experiments. Accurate simulation according to actual geological conditions.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

One of the objectives of the present invention is to provide a two-dimensional physical simulation test device whose size and angle can be adjusted at the same time. Technical support was provided for the development of experiments related to angle adjustment and size adjustment in the simulation.

In order to realize the above-mentioned purpose, the main technical difficulty that the present invention needs to overcome is:

How to ensure that the size of the test chamber is adjusted while the angle is adjusted, and the structure of the adjusting device needs to be simplified and easy to operate.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A two-dimensional physical simulation test method whose size and angle can be adjusted simultaneously comprises the following steps:

a. Prepare the test device

The test device includes a test frame, the test frame includes a base, a left column, a right column and a top beam, and a test chamber, a hydraulic cylinder and a size adjustment device are arranged in the test frame;

The test chamber is used for laying similar materials, the bottom of one side of the test chamber is provided with a hinged bracket, the hinged bracket and the base are hinged together, and the bottom of the test chamber on the opposite side of the hinged bracket is connected to the base. The hydraulic oil cylinders are hinged together, and the size adjustment device is connected above the hydraulic oil cylinder;

A slide rail is provided on the opposite surface of the top beam and the test chamber, and the size adjustment device can slide left and right along the slide rail;

The bottom plate of the test chamber is a sleeve-type structure, including a first sleeve, a second sleeve, a third sleeve and a fourth sleeve, wherein the second sleeve is sleeved on the first sleeve. The outside of a sleeve, the third sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the second sleeve, the fourth sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the third sleeve; the first sleeve, the second sleeve , The third sleeve and the fourth sleeve are all provided with scales, when the size adjustment device moves on the slide rail, the size of the test chamber is adjusted by the movement of the sleeve;

b. Calculate the size and angle of the model in the test according to the geological conditions, calculate the ratio of similar materials, and prepare similar materials;

c. Make sure that the bottom plate of the test chamber can be moved, and the angle of the test chamber is 0°. Move through the size adjustment device to drive the sleeve of the bottom plate of the test chamber to move, and adjust the size of the test chamber to the expected size, and then adjust the size of the test chamber to the expected size by screws. The bottom plate of the test chamber is further fixed;

d. Lay similar materials, use waste to flatten the floor of the test chamber, and then lay similar materials in sequence from bottom to top;

e. After the laying of similar materials in step d is completed, lay a flexible loading device on the top of the test chamber;

f. Adjust the hydraulic cylinder, and adjust and change the angle of the test chamber through the hydraulic cylinder, and make it meet the angle required by the test, and realize the simulation of horizontal to steeply inclined coal seams.

As a preferred solution of the present invention, the outer wall of the first sleeve and the inner wall of the second sleeve, the outer wall of the second sleeve and the inner wall of the third sleeve, the outer wall of the third sleeve and the inner wall of the fourth sleeve are all provided with Slide rail, under the action of the slide rail, the second sleeve is sleeved on the first sleeve, the third sleeve is sleeved on the second sleeve, and the fourth sleeve is sleeved on the third sleeve .

As another preferred solution of the present invention, the lengths of the first sleeve, the second sleeve, the third sleeve and the fourth sleeve are respectively 0.7m, 0.7m, 0.7m and 0.9m.

Further preferably, the horizontal distance between the hinged bracket and its adjacent test frame is 2m, and the horizontal distance between the hinge point between the hydraulic cylinder and the bottom of the test chamber and the adjacent test frame is 0.2m.

Further preferably, the length, width and height of the test frame are respectively 6m, 0.3m and 4m, and the length, width and height of the test chamber are respectively 3m, 0.3m and 2m.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a two-dimensional physical simulation test device whose size and angle can be adjusted at the same time, including a test frame. The test frame includes a base, a left column, a right column and a top beam. There are test chambers, hydraulic cylinders and size adjustment devices;

The test chamber is used for laying similar materials, the bottom of one side of the test chamber is provided with a hinged bracket, the hinged bracket and the base are hinged together, and the bottom of the test chamber on the opposite side of the hinged bracket is connected to the base. The hydraulic oil cylinders are hinged together, and the size adjustment device is connected above the hydraulic oil cylinder;

A slide rail is provided on the opposite surface of the top beam and the test chamber, and the size adjustment device can slide left and right along the slide rail;

The bottom plate of the test chamber is a sleeve-type structure, including a first sleeve, a second sleeve, a third sleeve and a fourth sleeve, wherein the second sleeve is sleeved on the first sleeve. The outside of a sleeve, the third sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the second sleeve, the fourth sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the third sleeve; the first sleeve, the second sleeve , the third sleeve and the fourth sleeve are all provided with scales. When the size adjusting device moves on the slide rail, the size of the test chamber is adjusted by the movement of the sleeve.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention brings the following beneficial technical effects:

(1) The present invention proposes a two-dimensional physical simulation test device and method whose size and angle can be adjusted at the same time. The size of the test chamber can be adjusted according to actual needs, and the tilt angle of the test chamber can be adjusted at the same time. Simulation test of two-dimensional similar materials under the conditions of size and different inclination angles.

(2) In the present invention, by setting the bottom plate of the test chamber as a sleeve-type structure, that is, the adjacent sleeves are sleeved together in sequence, and a certain pushing or pulling force is applied to them, so as to realize the rapid sleeve/opening of the test chamber. Status, simple operation steps, easy to operate quickly.

(3) The present invention adjusts the size of the sleeve structure through the size adjustment device. The size adjustment device is located on the slide rail of the top beam and can be easily moved. The movement of the size adjustment device drives the movement of the sleeve, so as to realize the adjustment of the size of the test chamber. To adjust, set a scale on the sleeve, which is more convenient and accurate to adjust its size.

(4) The angle of the test chamber can be adjusted and changed by the hydraulic cylinder, and the angle of the hydraulic cylinder can be adjusted from 0 to 90° by hingedly connecting the hydraulic cylinder and the bottom of the test chamber, and the simulation of horizontal to steeply inclined coal seams can be realized.

(5) In the present invention, slide rails are provided on the outer wall of the first sleeve and the inner wall of the second sleeve, the outer wall of the second sleeve and the inner wall of the third sleeve, the outer wall of the third sleeve and the inner wall of the fourth sleeve. When the size is adjusted When the device pushes it, it facilitates the movement of the adjacent sleeves.

In summary, a two-dimensional physical simulation test device and method with adjustable size and angle proposed by the present invention can simultaneously realize the adjustment of the size and angle of the test bin, and can realize the simulation of horizontal to steeply inclined coal seams, and the operation is simple. , worth promoting.

Description of drawings

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the test apparatus of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the slide rail structure schematic diagram between adjacent sleeves;

Fig. 3 is the inclined state schematic diagram of the test device of the present invention;

In the picture:

1. Base, 2. Left column, 3. Hydraulic cylinder, 4. Size adjustment device, 5. Top beam, 6. Right column, 7. Hinged bracket, 8. Hinged interface, 9. First fixed interface, 10. Second fixed interface, 11, third fixed interface, 12, test chamber column, 13, flexible loading device, 14, slide rail.

Detailed ways

The present invention proposes a two-dimensional physical simulation test device and method whose size and angle can be adjusted at the same time.

As shown in Figure 1, a two-dimensional physical simulation test device of the present invention whose size and angle can be adjusted at the same time includes a test frame. The test frame includes a base 1, a left column 2, a right column 6 and a top beam 5. The overall test frame is The cuboid frame is mainly used as the outer frame of the two-dimensional similar simulation test bench. As the outer frame, the preferred size of the test frame in the present invention is: length×width×height=6m×0.3m×4m.

A test chamber, a hydraulic cylinder 3 and a size adjustment device 4 are arranged in the test frame, wherein the test chamber is used for laying similar materials, which are preferably rectangular and frame-shaped, and the size of the test chamber is more preferably: length×width×height= 3m×0.3m×2m, the main function of the hydraulic cylinder 3 is to adjust the angle of the test chamber. Therefore, the present invention is hinged with the hydraulic cylinder at the bottom of the test chamber, and is hingedly connected through the hinged interface 8, such as As shown in Figure 3, when the hydraulic cylinder is working, the angle of the test chamber can be adjusted from 0 to 90°.

A hinged bracket 7 is arranged at the bottom of the test chamber on the opposite side of the hydraulic cylinder, and the hinged bracket is hinged with the base to facilitate the hydraulic cylinder to adjust the angle of the test chamber.

In order to cooperate with the movement of the size adjusting device 4, a sliding rail is provided on the opposite surface of the top beam and the test chamber, and the size adjusting device can slide left and right along the sliding rail. The rails cooperate with each other so that they can slide left and right in the horizontal direction within the test frame.

The structure of the test chamber includes a top plate, a bottom plate and a test chamber column 12. As a major innovation of the present invention, the bottom plate of the test chamber is a sleeve-type structure, including a first sleeve, a second sleeve, a third sleeve and a first sleeve. Four sleeves, wherein the second sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the first sleeve, a first fixed interface 9 is provided between the first sleeve and the second sleeve, and the third sleeve is The sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the second sleeve, a second fixed interface 10 is set between the third sleeve and the second sleeve, the fourth sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the third sleeve, and the fourth sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the third sleeve. A third fixed interface 11 is arranged between the fourth sleeve and the third sleeve; scales are arranged on the first sleeve, the second sleeve, the third sleeve and the fourth sleeve. When the size adjusting device slides, the Because the size adjusting device is connected with the hydraulic cylinder, and the hydraulic cylinder is hinged with the bottom of the test chamber, the sliding of the size adjusting device can drive the movement of the bottom sleeve of the test chamber, so as to realize the adjustment of the test chamber size.

In order to facilitate the precise adjustment of the size of the test chamber, preferably the lengths of the first sleeve, the second sleeve and the third sleeve are 0.7m, 0.7m, 0.7m and 0.9m respectively, and the corresponding sleeves are There is a scale engraved on it, through which the size of the test chamber can be quickly known. After the size is adjusted, the test chamber is fixed with screws at the corresponding interface.

In order to facilitate the movement of the first sleeve, the second sleeve, the third sleeve and the fourth sleeve, in the present invention, slide rails 14 are provided at the corresponding push-pull positions between adjacent sleeves, as shown in FIG. 2 . , the fixed positions of the grooves on both sides, specifically, are set on the outer wall of the first sleeve and the inner wall of the second sleeve, the outer wall of the second sleeve and the inner wall of the third sleeve, the outer wall of the third sleeve and the inner wall of the fourth sleeve. There is a slide rail, under the action of the slide rail, the second sleeve is sleeved on the first sleeve, the third sleeve is sleeved on the second sleeve, and the fourth sleeve is sleeved on the third sleeve.

Preferably, the horizontal distance between the hinged support and its adjacent test frame is 2m, and the horizontal distance between the hinge point between the hydraulic oil cylinder and the bottom of the test chamber from its adjacent test frame is 0.2m. The purpose of this design is to reserve enough space so that the angle adjustment of the test chamber is not limited by space.

Since the bottom of the test bin is a sleeve structure, when laying similar materials, the bottom of the test bin is firstly paved with scraps to prevent the test results from being affected.

The specific structure and use method of the above-mentioned hydraulic oil cylinder and the size adjusting device can be realized by referring to the prior art, and will not be described in detail in this article.

The simulation method of the above-mentioned simulation test apparatus will be described in detail below.

Step 1: Calculate the size and angle of the model in the test according to the geological conditions, calculate the ratio of similar materials, and prepare similar materials;

Step 2: According to the experimental size requirements, then selectively unload the screws at the first fixed interface, the second fixed interface or the third fixed interface, so that the bottom of the test chamber can move freely. And adjust the hydraulic cylinder so that the angle of the test chamber is 0° to ensure the sliding of the test chamber;

Step 3: Control the size adjustment device 4 to move to the right, and the sleeve on the left side of the test chamber is driven by the adjustment device to move to the right by the bottom slide rail to realize the adjustment of the size of the test chamber. Fix the screws of the unloaded first fixed interface, second fixed interface, and third fixed interface;

Step 4: Lay similar materials. When laying similar materials, the bottom of the test chamber should be flattened with waste materials to prevent the equipment from affecting the experimental results. The upper laying process is consistent with the conventional similar material experiments;

Step 5: After the similar materials are laid, lay the flexible loading device 13 on the top of the test chamber;

Step 6: Adjust the hydraulic telescopic cylinder to change the angle of the test chamber to meet the experimental requirements. The maximum angle of the model can reach 90°, which can simulate horizontal to steeply inclined coal seams.

The parts not mentioned in the present invention can be realized by referring to the prior art.

Although terms such as the base 1, the left column 2, the hydraulic cylinder 3, the size adjusting device 4, etc. are used more in this document, the possibility of using other terms is not excluded. These terms are used only to more conveniently describe and explain the nature of the present invention; it is contrary to the spirit of the present invention to interpret them as any kind of additional limitation.

It should be noted that any equivalent manner or obvious modification manner made by those skilled in the art under the teaching of this specification shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. a two-dimensional physical simulation test method that size, angle can be adjusted simultaneously, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps successively: a. Prepare the test device The test device includes a test frame, the test frame includes a base, a left column, a right column and a top beam, and a test chamber, a hydraulic cylinder and a size adjustment device are arranged in the test frame; The test chamber is used for laying similar materials, the bottom of one side of the test chamber is provided with a hinged bracket, the hinged bracket and the base are hinged together, and the bottom of the test chamber on the opposite side of the hinged bracket is connected to the base. The hydraulic oil cylinders are hinged together, and the size adjustment device is connected above the hydraulic oil cylinder; A slide rail is provided on the opposite surface of the top beam and the test chamber, and the size adjustment device can slide left and right along the slide rail; The bottom plate of the test chamber is a sleeve-type structure, including a first sleeve, a second sleeve, a third sleeve and a fourth sleeve, wherein the second sleeve is sleeved on the first sleeve. The outside of a sleeve, the third sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the second sleeve, the fourth sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the third sleeve; the first sleeve, the second sleeve , The third sleeve and the fourth sleeve are all provided with scales, when the size adjustment device moves on the slide rail, the size of the test chamber is adjusted by the movement of the sleeve; b. Calculate the size and angle of the model in the test according to the geological conditions, calculate the ratio of similar materials, and prepare similar materials; c. Make sure that the bottom plate of the test chamber can be moved, and the angle of the test chamber is 0°. Move through the size adjustment device to drive the sleeve of the bottom plate of the test chamber to move, and adjust the size of the test chamber to the expected size, and then adjust the size of the test chamber to the expected size by screws. The bottom plate of the test chamber is further fixed; d. Lay similar materials, use waste to flatten the floor of the test chamber, and then lay similar materials in sequence from bottom to top; e. After the laying of similar materials in step d is completed, lay a flexible loading device on the top of the test chamber; f. Adjust the hydraulic cylinder, and adjust and change the angle of the test chamber through the hydraulic cylinder, and make it meet the angle required by the test, and realize the simulation of horizontal to steeply inclined coal seams. 2. A kind of two-dimensional physical simulation test method whose size and angle can be adjusted simultaneously according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the described first sleeve outer wall and second sleeve inner wall, second sleeve outer wall and the inner wall of the third sleeve, the outer wall of the third sleeve and the inner wall of the fourth sleeve are all provided with slide rails. Under the action of the slide rails, the second sleeve is sleeved on the first sleeve, and the third sleeve is It is sleeved on the second sleeve, and the fourth sleeve is sleeved on the third sleeve. 3. A two-dimensional physical simulation test method whose size and angle can be adjusted simultaneously according to claim 1, characterized in that: the first sleeve, the second sleeve, the third sleeve and the fourth sleeve The lengths of the cylinders are 0.7m, 0.7m, 0.7m, and 0.9m, respectively. 4. a kind of two-dimensional physical simulation test method whose size and angle can be adjusted simultaneously according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the horizontal distance of described hinged support from its adjacent test frame is 2m, and described The horizontal distance between the hinge point of the hydraulic cylinder and the bottom of the test chamber is 0.2m from its adjacent test frame. 5. The two-dimensional physical simulation test method with simultaneously adjustable size and angle according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the length, width and height of the test frame are respectively 6m, 0.3m, 4m, so The length, width and height of the test chamber are 3m, 0.3m and 2m, respectively. 6. A two-dimensional physical simulation test device whose size and angle can be adjusted simultaneously, comprising a test frame, and the test frame comprises a base, a left column, a right column and a top beam, and is characterized in that: A test chamber, a hydraulic cylinder and a size adjustment device are arranged in the test frame; The test chamber is used for laying similar materials, the bottom of one side of the test chamber is provided with a hinged bracket, the hinged bracket and the base are hinged together, and the bottom of the test chamber on the opposite side of the hinged bracket is connected to the base. The hydraulic oil cylinders are hinged together, and the size adjustment device is connected above the hydraulic oil cylinder; A slide rail is provided on the opposite surface of the top beam and the test chamber, and the size adjustment device can slide left and right along the slide rail; The bottom plate of the test chamber is a sleeve-type structure, including a first sleeve, a second sleeve, a third sleeve and a fourth sleeve, wherein the second sleeve is sleeved on the first sleeve. On the outside of a sleeve, the third sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the second sleeve, and the fourth sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the third sleeve; , the third sleeve and the fourth sleeve are all provided with scales. When the size adjusting device moves on the slide rail, the size of the test chamber is adjusted by the movement of the sleeve.

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