CN110082504A - A kind of excavation simulation case apparatus, simulation experiment device and analogue experiment method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a simulated excavation box device, which comprises a simulated excavation box and a lifting mechanism; the simulated excavation box includes a box bottom plate and box side plates connected around the box bottom plate, a box top plate and surrounding box The side panels of the body are in contact with and can slide up and down; the side panels of the box body include a bottom baffle fixedly connected with the bottom baffle of the box body and a top baffle hinged on the top of the bottom baffle and capable of turning over; the lifting mechanism is installed on the bottom of the box body, And the lifting mechanism supports the top plate of the box body. The invention also discloses a simulation experiment equipment and a simulation experiment method. The simulation excavation box device, simulation experiment equipment and simulation experiment method disclosed by the present invention better solve the effect of non-destructive excavation in the inner space of the three-dimensional model. The inward turning under the pressure of the similar layer is basically consistent with the coal seam excavation method on site, which improves the accuracy of the experimental results.

Description

A simulated excavation box device, simulated experiment equipment and simulated experiment method

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of coal seam excavation simulation experiments, in particular to a simulation excavation box device, simulation experiment equipment and a simulation experiment method.

Background technique

Since the 1950s, the model test method has been applied in my country's mine construction industry, and some achievements have been made in the 1960s. It has the characteristics of short research cycle, low cost, strong intuitiveness, convenient observation, etc., and can artificially control the influencing factors to repeat the test Research.

At present, physical similarity simulation technology has been widely used in engineering fields such as mining, hydraulic engineering, and geotechnical engineering, and has achieved fruitful results. The successful application in actual engineering has fully proved the practicability of this technology.

However, compared with the two-dimensional similarity model test, how to simulate coal seam excavation during the three-dimensional similarity test is a difficult problem. At present, although some researchers have achieved the purpose of simulating coal seam excavation in the process of three-dimensional similar model test by using strip steel extraction method, oil bag shrinkage method or bottom plate settlement method, but there are more or less problems. For example, complex structures and inaccurate experimental results.

In view of this, it becomes necessary to provide a simulated excavation box device, simulated experiment equipment and simulated experiment method which has a simple structure and can improve the accuracy of the experimental results.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The technical solution of the present invention provides a simulated excavation box device, including a simulated excavation box and a lifting mechanism for driving the top plate of the simulated excavation box to move up and down;

The simulated excavation box also includes a box bottom plate and box side plates connected around the box bottom plate, and the box top plate is in contact with the surrounding box side plates and can slide up and down;

The side plate of the box body includes a bottom baffle plate fixedly connected to the bottom plate of the box body and a top baffle plate hinged on the top end of the bottom baffle plate and capable of turning over;

The lifting mechanism is installed on the bottom plate of the box, and the lifting mechanism supports the top plate of the box;

The box top plate has a first position and a second position in the simulated excavation box;

When the top plate of the box body is in the first position, the top plate of the box body is in contact with the top baffle; each of the top baffles extends upwards and is at the same level as the corresponding bottom baffle respectively. in plane;

When the top plate of the box is in the second position, the top plate of the box is in contact with the bottom baffle; each of the top baffles is turned towards the inside of the simulated excavation box.

Further, the lifting mechanism includes a lifting frame and a towing rod for pulling the lifting frame up and down;

The lifting frame includes a first rotating shaft, a second rotating shaft and a third rotating shaft, the second rotating shaft is located between the first rotating shaft and the third rotating shaft, and the second rotating shaft is respectively connected to the the first rotating shaft is connected to the third rotating shaft;

The first rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the bottom plate of the box through a fixed chuck, and the second rotating shaft is supported under the top plate of the box;

A bottom slide block is arranged on the third rotating shaft, a bottom plate chute is arranged on the bottom plate of the box body, and the bottom plate chute extends along the direction from the third rotating shaft to the first rotating shaft, so The bottom slider is slidably configured in the bottom plate chute;

The traction rod extends along the direction of the bottom plate chute, one end of the traction rod is connected to the third rotating shaft, and the other end protrudes from the outside of one of the bottom baffles.

Further, a top plate chute parallel to the bottom plate chute is provided on the lower surface of the box top plate;

A top sliding block is arranged on the second rotating shaft, and the top sliding block is slidably arranged in the sliding groove of the top plate.

Further, the traction rod is slidably arranged in the slide groove of the bottom plate, and the traction rod is connected with the third rotating shaft through the bottom slider.

Further, a threaded portion is provided on the end of the traction rod away from the third rotating shaft, and an adjusting nut is threadedly connected to the threaded portion.

Further, the lifting mechanism includes more than two lifting frames;

The traction rod is connected with the third rotating shaft in each of the lifting frames.

Further, both the top panel of the box and the side panels of the box are made of tempered glass.

Further, a plurality of cameras are arranged under the top plate of the box, and the cameras face upward of the top plate of the box.

Further, it includes a plurality of simulated excavation boxes that are closely connected one after another, and each of the simulated mining boxes is equipped with one lifting mechanism.

The technical solution of the present invention also provides a simulation experiment equipment for simulating the excavation of coal seams, including an experiment box, in which a similar layer of the bottom plate and a similar layer of coal seam located on the similar layer of the bottom plate are sequentially arranged in the experiment box and a similar roof layer located on a similar layer of said coal seam;

It also includes the simulated excavation box device described in any of the aforementioned technical solutions;

A bottom plate groove is arranged on the side of the similar layer of the bottom plate facing the similar layer of the coal seam, and a coal seam through hole is arranged at a position corresponding to the groove of the bottom plate on the similar layer of the coal seam;

The bottom plate of the box body is installed at the bottom of the groove of the bottom plate, the bottom baffle is located in the groove of the bottom plate, and the outer surface of the bottom baffle is in contact with the similar layer of the bottom plate;

Wherein, when the top plate of the box is in the first position, the surroundings of the top plate of the box are in contact with the top baffle plate, and the top surface of the top plate of the box is in contact with the bottom surface of the similar layer of the top plate , the top baffle is located in the through hole of the coal seam, and the outer surface of the top baffle is in contact with the similar layer of the coal seam;

When the top plate of the box body is in the second position, the top plate of the box body is in contact with the bottom baffle plate, and each piece of the top baffle plate is turned towards the inside of the simulated excavation box, and the coal seam is similar to Layers caving over the top baffle and the box roof.

Further, the height of the top baffle is consistent with the thickness of the similar layer of the coal seam;

The hinge point of the top baffle plate and the bottom baffle plate is on the boundary line between the coal seam similar layer and the bottom plate similar layer.

The technical solution of the present invention also provides a kind of simulation experiment method that adopts aforementioned simulation experiment equipment to carry out the simulation experiment of excavating coal seam, comprising the following steps:

S001: Drive the top plate of the box body to move from the first position to the second position through the lifting mechanism;

S002: Under the pressure of similar layers of coal seam, each top baffle is turned towards the inside of the simulated excavation box;

S003: Record the data when the similar coal seam collapses through the camera, and output the data to the external control system.

Adopt above-mentioned technical scheme, have following beneficial effect:

The simulation excavation box device, simulation experiment equipment and simulation experiment method provided by the present invention better solve the effect of non-destructive excavation in the inner space of the three-dimensional model. The inward turning under the pressure of the similar layer is basically consistent with the coal seam excavation method on site, which improves the accuracy of the experimental results.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the simulated excavation box device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the top view of box bottom plate;

Fig. 3 is the bottom view of box top plate;

Fig. 4 is the side view of box body side plate;

Fig. 5 is the front view of box body side plate;

Figure 6 is a side view of the lifting mechanism;

Figure 7 is a top view of the lifting mechanism;

Figure 8 is a side view of the lifting frame;

Figure 9 is a top view of the lifting frame;

Figure 10 is a schematic structural view of the drawbar;

Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of a plurality of simulated excavation boxes close together;

Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of the simulation experiment equipment provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 13 is the sectional view of the simulated experiment equipment shown in Fig. 12 along the similar layer of coal seam;

Fig. 14 is the schematic diagram of the layout of the floor similar layer, the coal seam similar layer and the roof similar layer;

Fig. 15 is a schematic diagram of bottom plate grooves provided on similar layers of the bottom plate;

Fig. 16 is a schematic diagram of setting coal seam through holes in similar layers of coal seam.

Detailed ways

The specific implementation manner of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Wherein the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals. It should be noted that the words "front", "rear", "left", "right", "upper" and "lower" used in the following description refer to the directions in the drawings, and the words "inner" and "outer ” refer to directions towards or away from the geometric center of a particular part, respectively.

As shown in Figures 1-5, a simulated excavation box device 100 provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes a simulated excavation box 1 and a lifting mechanism 2 for driving the top plate 13 of the simulated excavation box 1 to move up and down.

The simulated excavation box 1 also includes a box bottom plate 11 and box side plates 12 connected around the box bottom plate 11 , and the box top plate 13 is in contact with the surrounding box side plates 12 and can slide up and down.

The box side panel 12 includes a bottom baffle 121 fixedly connected to the box bottom 11 and a top baffle 122 hinged on the top of the bottom baffle 121 and capable of turning over.

The lifting mechanism 2 is installed on the bottom plate 11 of the box body, and the lifting mechanism 2 supports the top plate 13 of the box body.

The box top plate 13 has a first position and a second position in the simulated excavation box 1 .

When the box top plate 13 is in the first position, the box top plate 13 is in contact with the top baffles 122 ; each top baffle 122 extends upwards and is respectively in the same plane as the corresponding bottom baffle 121 .

When the box top plate 13 is in the second position, the box top plate 13 is in contact with the bottom baffle 121 , and each top baffle 122 is turned towards the inside of the simulated excavation box 1 .

The simulated excavation box device 100 provided by the present invention is mainly used for simulating coal seam excavation. The simulated excavation box device 100 is mainly composed of a simulated excavation box 1 and a lifting mechanism 2 .

The simulated excavation box 1 comprises a box body bottom plate 11, a box body side plate 12 and a box body top plate 13, the box body side plate 12 is arranged around the box body bottom plate 11, and the surrounding edges of the box body top plate 13 are in contact with the box body side plate 12 , and the box top plate 13 can move up and down in the simulated excavation box 1 under the effect of the lifting mechanism 2 .

The lifting mechanism 2 can be any element capable of driving the box top plate 13 to lift, such as a connecting rod lifting mechanism, a cylinder lifting mechanism, and the like.

The lifting mechanism 2 is installed on the bottom plate 11 of the box body, and the lifting mechanism 2 is also supported under the top plate 13 of the box body, so as to drive the top plate 13 of the box body to lift.

In order to better reflect the effect of simulating coal seam excavation, the box side plate 12 is set to consist of a bottom baffle 121 and a top baffle 122 . The lower end of the bottom baffle 121 is connected with the box bottom 11, and the upper end of the bottom baffle 121 is connected with the top baffle 122 by a hinge 123 or a hinge, so that the top baffle 122 can turn over to the inside of the simulated excavation box 1.

The box top plate 13 has a first position and a second position in the simulated excavation box 1 , the height of the first position is higher than the height of the second position. Under the action of the lifting mechanism 2, it can switch between the first position and the second position.

When the box top plate 13 is in the first position, the surrounding edges of the box top plate 13 are respectively in contact with the top baffle plate 122, preferably the surrounding edges of the box body top plate 13 are respectively in contact with the top edge of the top baffle plate 122, so that the top baffle plate The plate 122 extends upwards and is aligned with the corresponding bottom baffle 121 in the same plane.

When the lifting mechanism 2 drives the box top plate 13 to move down to the second position, the box top plate 13 moves down to the bottom of the top baffle plate 122 . At this time, the peripheral edges of the box top plate 13 are in contact with the bottom baffle plate 121 . Under the action of external force, the top baffle 122 can turn over towards the inside of the simulated excavation box 1 .

As shown in FIG. 12 , during the experiment, the bottom baffle 121 is surrounded by a similar floor 3 , the top baffle 122 is surrounded by a coal seam similar 4 , and the top of the box top 13 is a similar roof 5 .

When simulating the excavation of the coal seam, the downward movement of the top plate 13 of the box can be controlled by the lifting mechanism 2 to simulate the excavation of the coal seam. The speed of the box top plate 13 is controlled by the lifting mechanism 2,

When the box top plate 13 moves down to the second position, under the action of the surrounding coal seam similar layer 4, the top baffle plate 122 turns towards the inside of the simulated excavation box 1, and the surrounding coal seam similar layer 4 faces the simulated excavation box 1 The inner side of the sag ensures that the excavation boundary is not supported by the baffle, and the surrounding coal seam similar layer 4 can be naturally collapsed and destroyed, so that the simulated excavation is basically consistent with the on-site coal seam excavation method, and the accuracy of the experimental results is improved.

Preferably, as shown in FIG. 2 and FIGS. 5-10 , the lifting mechanism 2 includes a lifting frame 21 and a traction rod 22 for pulling the lifting frame 21 up and down.

The lifting frame 22 includes a first rotating shaft 211, a second rotating shaft 212 and a third rotating shaft 213, the second rotating shaft 212 is located between the first rotating shaft 211 and the third rotating shaft 213, and the second rotating shaft 212 is respectively connected to the first rotating shaft through a connecting rod 214. 211 and the third rotating shaft 213 are connected.

The first rotating shaft 211 is fixedly connected to the bottom plate 11 of the box body through the fixed chuck 215 , and the second rotating shaft 212 is supported under the top plate 13 of the box body.

A bottom slider 216 is provided on the third rotating shaft 213 , and a bottom plate chute 111 is provided on the box bottom plate 11 . The bottom plate chute 111 extends along the direction from the third rotating shaft 213 to the first rotating shaft 211 . It is slidably arranged in the slide groove 111 of the bottom plate.

The draw bar 22 extends along the direction of the bottom chute 111 , one end of the draw bar 22 is connected to the third rotating shaft 213 , and the other end protrudes from the outside of a bottom baffle 121 .

The second rotating shaft 212 is interposed between the first rotating shaft 211 and the third rotating shaft 213 , and the second rotating shaft 212 is used to support the box top plate 13 . The first rotating shaft 211 is provided with a fixed chuck 215 , and a fixing hole 112 is provided on the box bottom plate 11 , and the fixed chuck 215 is installed in the fixing hole 112 , thereby fixing the first rotating shaft 211 on the box bottom plate 11 . The second rotating shaft 212 is connected to the first rotating shaft 211 through a connecting rod 214 . The second rotating shaft 212 is also connected to the third rotating shaft 213 through the connecting rod 214 .

The connecting rod 214 is provided with a sleeve or a connecting through hole, and the connecting rod 214 can rotate with respect to the first rotating shaft 211, the second rotating shaft 212 and the third rotating shaft 213 respectively, that is, the connecting rod 214 and the first rotating shaft 211, the second rotating shaft The connection relationship between the rotating shaft 212 and the third rotating shaft 213 is a rotatable connection. That is, the second rotating shaft 212 is rotatably connected to the first rotating shaft 211 and the third rotating shaft 213 through the connecting rod 214 .

Preferably, the two ends of the second rotating shaft 212 are respectively connected to the first rotating shaft 211 through two connecting rods 214, and the two ends of the second rotating shaft 212 are respectively connected to the third rotating shaft 213 through two other connecting rods 214 to improve structural stability.

A bottom sliding groove 111 is disposed on the bottom plate 11 of the box body, and extends along a direction from the first rotating shaft 211 to the third rotating shaft 213 . A bottom slider 216 is arranged on the third rotating shaft 213, and the bottom sliding block 216 is inserted in the bottom plate chute 111, and can slide in the bottom plate chute 111, so as to play a guiding role, so that the third rotating shaft 213 can only move along the The extension direction of the bottom plate slide groove 111 moves, so as to realize the lifting of the lifting frame 21 .

The drawbar 22 extends along the direction of the bottom plate chute 111 , one end thereof is connected to the third rotating shaft 213 , and the other end passes through an opening 124 on a bottom baffle 121 , and protrudes outside the simulated excavation box 1 .

When the traction rod 22 is driven to move toward the first rotating shaft 211 side, the drawing rod 22 will drive the third rotating shaft 213 to move toward the first rotating shaft 211 side. The second rotating shaft 212 rises, making it drive the casing top plate 13 to rise.

When pulling the drawbar 22 to move to the outside of the simulated excavation box 1, the drawbar 22 will drive the third rotating shaft 213 to move away from the first rotating shaft 211, and the first rotating shaft 211 is fixed on the box bottom plate 1, so this Sometimes the second rotating shaft 212 will be lowered, so that it will drive the top plate 13 of the box body to descend, so as to simulate the excavation of the coal seam.

Preferably, as shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 8 , a top plate chute 131 parallel to the bottom plate chute 111 is provided on the lower surface of the box top plate 13 . A top sliding block 217 is disposed on the second rotating shaft 212 , and the top sliding block 217 is slidably disposed in the sliding groove 131 of the top plate. The top slider 217 is inserted in the top plate chute 131, and can slide along the top plate chute 131, guides the box top plate 13, and also acts as a lateral limiter to prevent it from moving vertically to the top plate. The direction of the groove 131 is offset.

Preferably, as shown in FIGS. 1-2 , 6 and 8 , the towing rod 22 is slidably disposed in the bottom sliding groove 111 , and the towing rod 22 is connected to the third rotating shaft 213 through the bottom sliding block 216 . Specifically, a limiting hole 25 is provided on the drawbar 22 , and the lower end of the bottom slider 216 is inserted into the limiting hole 25 . Arranging the drawbar 22 in the baseboard chute 111 can provide guidance for the movement of the drawbar 22, which is beneficial to drive the third rotating shaft 213 to move along the direction of the baseplate chute 111, is convenient for connection and assembly, and can reduce the structural volume.

Preferably, as shown in FIG. 10 , a threaded portion 24 is provided on the end of the drawbar 22 away from the third rotating shaft 213 , and an adjusting nut 23 is threadedly connected to the threaded portion 24 . After installation, the adjusting nut 23 is positioned at the outside of the simulated excavation box 1, and the pulling rod 22 can be driven to move back and forth by turning the adjusting nut 23, which is convenient for control. The threaded connection structure between the adjusting nut 23 and the threaded part 24 can prevent the drawing rod 22 from automatically protruding under the pressure of similar materials that slump inside, which will affect the experimental results.

Preferably, as shown in FIGS. 6-7 , the lifting mechanism 2 includes more than two lifting frames 21 . The drawbar 22 is connected to the third rotating shaft 213 in each lifting frame 21, which can evenly support the top plate 13 of the box body, and can also drive all the lifting frames 21 up and down through a draw bar 22, so that the lifting height of each lifting frame 1 is consistent , which improves the accuracy of the experiment.

Preferably, the top plate 13 of the box body and the side plate 12 of the box body are both tempered glass, which is beneficial to directly observe the internal experimental conditions, such as the collapse of similar coal seams.

Preferably, a plurality of cameras are arranged under the top plate 13 of the box, and the cameras face upward of the top plate 13 of the box. The camera is arranged below the top plate 13 of the box body, and it faces the top of the top plate 13 of the box body, which is beneficial to monitor the shape of the similar layer of the coal seam that has fallen from above, and will not be damaged by similar materials that have fallen down.

Preferably, as shown in FIG. 11 , the simulated excavation box device 100 includes a plurality of simulated excavation boxes 1 that are close together one after another, and each simulated mining box 1 is equipped with a lifting mechanism 2, which is expanded once. The experimental scope of the experiment improves the accuracy of the experimental results.

As shown in FIGS. 12-16 , a simulation experiment equipment for simulating coal seam excavation provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes an experiment box 200 .

In the test box 200 , there are sequentially arranged a similar bottom layer 3 , a similar coal seam layer 4 on the similar bottom layer 3 , and a similar top layer 5 on the similar coal seam layer 4 .

The simulated experiment equipment also includes the simulated excavation box device 100 described in any one of the foregoing embodiments.

A bottom plate groove 31 is arranged on the side of the bottom plate similar layer 3 facing the coal seam similar layer 4 , and a coal seam through hole 41 is arranged on the position corresponding to the bottom plate groove 31 on the coal seam similar layer 4 .

The box bottom plate 11 is mounted on the bottom of the bottom plate groove 31 , the bottom baffle 121 is located in the bottom plate groove 31 , and the outer surface of the bottom baffle 121 is in contact with the similar layer 3 of the bottom plate.

Wherein, when the box body top plate 13 is in the first position, the surroundings of the box body top plate 13 are in contact with the top baffle plate 122, the top surface of the box body top plate 13 is in contact with the bottom surface of the top plate similar layer 5, and the top baffle plate 122 is located in the coal seam through hole. 41, and the outer surface of the top baffle 122 is in contact with the similar layer 4 of the coal seam.

When the box body top plate 13 is in the second position, the box body top plate 13 is in contact with the bottom baffle plate 121, each top baffle plate 122 is turned towards the inside of the simulated excavation box 1, and the coal seam similar layer 4 collapses on the top baffle plate 122 And the top of the box top plate 13.

For the structure, construction and working principle of the simulated excavation box device 100, please refer to the previous description, and details will not be repeated here.

The floor similar layer 3 , the coal seam similar layer 4 and the roof similar layer 5 are the coal seam floor similar material layer, the coal seam similar material layer and the coal seam floor similar material layer made of similar materials respectively.

At the beginning of the experiment, the box bottom plate 11 was installed in the bottom plate groove 31, and the bottom baffle plate 121 was installed on the side wall of the bottom plate groove 31, so that it was in contact with the surrounding bottom plate similar layer 3 to play a supporting role. The top baffle plate 122 is installed on the hole wall of the coal seam through hole 41 so that it contacts with the surrounding coal seam similar layer 4 to play a supporting role. The top plate 13 of the box body is arranged below the similar layer 5 of the top plate, and its peripheral edges are in contact with the surrounding top baffles 122 to support the top baffle 122, and it can also simulate the shape at the beginning of coal mining.

During the simulation experiment, the lifting mechanism 2 drives the top plate 13 of the box body to drop to the second position. Under the action of the surrounding coal seam similar to the layer 4, the top baffle plate 122 turns towards the inside of the simulated excavation box 1, and the surrounding coal seam similar to the layer 4 Collapse toward the inner side of the simulated excavation box 1 to ensure that the excavation boundary is not supported by the baffle, and the surrounding coal seam similar layer 4 can be naturally collapsed and destroyed, so that the simulated excavation is basically consistent with the on-site coal seam excavation method, which improves the experimental results. the accuracy of the results.

Specifically, by turning the adjusting nut 23 on the outside of the test box 200 , the pulling rod 22 is pulled to move so as to control the lifting of the lifting frame 21 .

Preferably, the height of the top baffle 122 is consistent with the thickness of the similar layer 4 of the coal seam.

The hinge point of the top baffle plate 122 and the bottom baffle plate 121 is on the boundary line between the similar coal seam layer 4 and the bottom plate similar layer 3, which can ensure that the excavation boundary is not supported by the baffle plate, and the surrounding coal seam similar layer 4 can be naturally collapsed and destroyed.

An embodiment of the present invention also provides a simulation experiment method using the aforementioned simulation experiment equipment to carry out a simulation experiment of excavating a coal seam, comprising the following steps:

S001: Drive the box top plate 12 to move from the first position to the second position through the lifting mechanism 2 .

S002: Under the pressure of the coal seam similar to the layer 4, each top baffle plate 122 is turned towards the inside of the simulated excavation box 1 .

S003: Record the data when the similar coal seam collapses through the camera, and output the data to the external control system.

In summary, the simulation excavation box device, simulation experiment equipment and simulation experiment method provided by the present invention better solve the effect of non-destructive excavation in the inner space of the three-dimensional model. The top baffle is turned inward under the pressure of the similar coal seam, which is basically consistent with the coal seam excavation method on site, which improves the accuracy of the experimental results.

According to needs, the above technical solutions can be combined to achieve the best technical effect.

What has been described above is only the principles and preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, on the basis of the principle of the present invention, several other modifications can also be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (12)

1. a kind of excavation simulation case apparatus, which is characterized in that including excavation simulation case and for driving the excavation simulation case The elevating mechanism that box roof moves up and down；

The excavation simulation case further includes the box side of box baseplate with the surrounding for being connected to the box baseplate, the cabinet Top plate is contacted and can be slided up and down with the box side of surrounding；

The box side includes the bottom baffle being fixedly connected with the box baseplate and the top for being hinged on the bottom baffle On end and the top flap that can overturn；

The elevating mechanism is mounted in the box baseplate, and the elevating mechanism supports the box roof；

The box roof has first position and the second position in the excavation simulation case；

When the box roof is in the first position, the box roof is contacted with the top flap；Described in every piece Top flap all upwardly extends, and is in same plane with the corresponding bottom baffle respectively；

When the box roof is in the second position, the box roof is contacted with the bottom baffle；Described in every piece Top flap is turned inside out both facing to the excavation simulation case.

2. excavation simulation case apparatus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the elevating mechanism includes crane and use In the draw bar for drawing the crane lifting；

The crane includes first rotating shaft, the second shaft and third shaft, second shaft be located at the first rotating shaft with Between the third shaft, and second shaft is connected with the first rotating shaft and the third shaft respectively by connecting rod It connects；

The first rotating shaft is fixedly connected by fixed chuck with the box baseplate, and second rotating shaft support is in the cabinet The lower section of top plate；

It is provided with base slider in the third shaft, floor chute is provided in the box baseplate, the bottom plate is sliding Slot extends along the direction from the third shaft to the first rotating shaft, and the base slider slideably configures the bottom plate In sliding slot；

The draw bar extends along the direction of the floor chute, and one end of the draw bar is connect with the third shaft, Its other end stretches out in the outside of one piece of bottom baffle.

3. excavation simulation case apparatus according to claim 2, which is characterized in that set on the lower surface of the box roof It is equipped with the roof chute parallel with the floor chute；

Top slide is provided in second shaft, the top slide is slidably disposed in the roof chute.

4. excavation simulation case apparatus according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the draw bar is slidably disposed in institute It states in floor chute, and the draw bar is connect by the base slider with the third shaft.

5. excavation simulation case apparatus according to claim 2, which is characterized in that turn on the draw bar far from the third It is provided with threaded portion on one end of axis, is connected with adjusting nut in the threaded portion.

6. excavation simulation case apparatus according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the elevating mechanism includes more than two Crane；

The draw bar is connect with the third shaft in each crane.

7. excavation simulation case apparatus according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the box roof and the box side It is all tempered glass.

8. excavation simulation case apparatus according to claim 7, which is characterized in that be provided with below the box roof Multiple cameras, the camera is towards the top of the box roof.

9. excavation simulation case apparatus according to claim 1 to 8, which is characterized in that including it is multiple successively closely The excavation simulation case together, each simulation, which is exploited in case, is equipped with the elevating mechanism.

10. a kind of for simulating the simulation experiment device of coal seam excavation, including experimental box, in the experimental box from bottom to top according to It is secondary to be disposed with the similar layer of bottom plate, the similar layer in coal seam on the similar layer of the bottom plate and the top on the similar layer in the coal seam The similar layer of plate；

It is characterized in that, further including excavation simulation case apparatus of any of claims 1-9；

The side of the similar layer in the coal seam is provided with bottom plate groove in the bottom plate similar level, on the similar layer in the coal seam The position of the corresponding bottom plate groove is provided with coal seam through-hole；

The box baseplate is mounted on the bottom of the bottom plate groove, and the bottom baffle is located in the bottom plate groove, and institute The outer surface layer similar with the bottom plate for stating bottom baffle contacts；

Wherein, when the box roof is in the first position, the surrounding of the box roof and the top are kept off Plate contact, the bottom surface of the top surface of box roof layer similar with the top plate contact, and the top flap is located at the coal seam In through-hole, and the outer surface of top flap layer similar with the coal seam contacts；

When the box roof is in the second position, the box roof is contacted with the bottom baffle, described in every piece Top flap is turned inside out both facing to the excavation simulation case, and the similar layer in the coal seam is caving in the top flap and described The top of box roof.

11. simulation experiment device according to claim 10, which is characterized in that the height of the top flap and the coal The consistency of thickness of the similar layer of layer；

The top flap is in dividing for the similar layer layer similar to the bottom plate in the coal seam to the hinge joint of the bottom baffle In boundary line.

12. a kind of simulated experiment for excavate using simulation experiment device described in claim 10-11 coal seam simulated experiment Method, which comprises the steps of:

S001: box roof is driven to be moved to the second position from first position by elevating mechanism；

S002: under the pressure of the similar layer in coal seam, every piece of top flap is turned inside out both facing to excavation simulation case；

S003: data when the similar layer in coal seam is caving are recorded by camera, and data are exported to external control system.