CN114188050A - Passive monitoring method and system for undissolved fuel ratio of spent fuel dissolver - Google Patents
Passive monitoring method and system for undissolved fuel ratio of spent fuel dissolver Download PDFInfo
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- CN114188050A CN114188050A CN202111454611.XA CN202111454611A CN114188050A CN 114188050 A CN114188050 A CN 114188050A CN 202111454611 A CN202111454611 A CN 202111454611A CN 114188050 A CN114188050 A CN 114188050A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C17/00—Monitoring; Testing ; Maintaining
- G21C17/06—Devices or arrangements for monitoring or testing fuel or fuel elements outside the reactor core, e.g. for burn-up, for contamination
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C19/00—Arrangements for treating, for handling, or for facilitating the handling of, fuel or other materials which are used within the reactor, e.g. within its pressure vessel
- G21C19/42—Reprocessing of irradiated fuel
- G21C19/44—Reprocessing of irradiated fuel of irradiated solid fuel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides a passive monitoring method and a passive monitoring system for the undissolved fuel ratio of a spent fuel dissolver, wherein the method comprises the following steps: arranging a detection system at a position close to a dissolution monitoring station of the spent fuel dissolver, soaking a bucket of the spent fuel dissolver in a dissolution solution for a set time, then turning the bucket to a dissolution monitoring position, detecting gamma rays emitted by a short section of fuel in the bucket by the detection system, and acquiring a pulse counting rate corresponding to the gamma rays entering the bucket in a set energy interval; and calculating the undissolved fuel ratio of the short section of fuel in the bucket according to the pulse counting rate, so that the undissolved fuel ratio of the spent fuel dissolver can be automatically and accurately monitored.
Description
Technical Field
The invention particularly relates to a passive monitoring method and a passive monitoring system for the undissolved fuel ratio of a spent fuel dissolver.
Background
In a spent fuel reprocessing scheme, fuel rods are cut into short segments of fuel, about 20-50mm in length, which are fed through a chute into one of 14 scoops in a dissolver. Then, the dissolver rotates anticlockwise, the fuel in the fuel short section in the scoop is fully dissolved in the nitric acid dissolving solution, when the scoop filled with the fuel short section rotates to the unloading position (ninu, r, c), the fuel short section is emptied into the discharging chute and is moved out of the dissolver, as shown in fig. 1.
Because the spent fuel dissolver contains a large amount of radioactive substances, in order to ensure the safety of the dissolving process, the undissolved fuel ratio monitoring of the dissolver needs to be carried out, and the oxides in the fuel stub are ensured to be completely dissolved. Because the dissolver is wholly closed and the radioactivity level is extremely high, the personnel can not approach to monitor by adopting the conventional method.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing an automatic and accurate passive monitoring method for the undissolved fuel ratio of a spent fuel dissolver aiming at the defects in the prior art, and correspondingly providing a system for realizing the method.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problem of the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a passive monitoring method for the undissolved fuel ratio of a spent fuel dissolver, which comprises the following steps:
s1: a detection system is arranged at a position close to a dissolution monitoring station of the spent fuel dissolver,
s2: after a bucket of the spent fuel dissolver is soaked in a dissolving solution for a set time, the bucket is rotated to a dissolving monitoring position, and a detection system detects gamma rays emitted by a short section of fuel in the bucket and acquires a pulse counting rate corresponding to the gamma rays entering the bucket in a set energy interval;
s3: calculating an undissolved fuel ratio for a short segment of fuel in the bucket based on the pulse count rate.
Preferably, the undissolved fuel ratio of a short segment of fuel in the bucket is calculated using equation (1):
P＝[(N-Nbackground of the invention)·K]/(a·M) (1)
P — the undissolved fuel ratio of the short segment of fuel in the bucket;
n-pulse count rate obtained by the detection system when said bucket is loaded;
Nbackground of the invention-the pulse count rate obtained by the detection system when said bucket is empty;
a-in short section of fuel137The specific activity of Cs;
m-before the short section of fuel in the scoop is dissolved137The total mass of Cs;
k-represents the detection efficiency of the detection system for detecting the gamma rays.
The invention also provides a passive monitoring system for the undissolved fuel ratio of the spent fuel dissolver, which comprises: a detection system and a data processor,
the detection system is arranged at a position close to a dissolution monitoring station of the spent fuel dissolver and is used for detecting gamma rays emitted by a short section of fuel in a bucket of the spent fuel dissolver after the bucket is soaked in a dissolution solution for a set time and transferring to the dissolution monitoring position, and acquiring a pulse counting rate corresponding to the gamma rays entering the bucket in a set energy interval;
and the data processor is electrically connected with the detection system and used for calculating the undissolved fuel ratio of the short section of fuel in the bucket according to the pulse counting rate, judging whether the undissolved fuel ratio is greater than a set value or not, and outputting an alarm signal when the judgment result is 'yes'.
Preferably, the data processor calculates the undissolved fuel ratio of a short segment of fuel within the bucket using equation (1):
P＝[(N-Nbackground of the invention)·K]/(a·M) (1)
P — the undissolved fuel ratio of the short segment of fuel in the bucket;
n-pulse count rate obtained by the detection system when said bucket is loaded;
Nbackground of the invention-the pulse count rate obtained by the detection system when said bucket is empty;
a-in short section of fuel137The specific activity of Cs;
m-before the short section of fuel in the scoop is dissolved137The total mass of Cs;
k-represents the detection efficiency of the detection system for detecting the gamma rays.
Preferably, the data processor comprises a calculation module and a comparison module,
the calculation module is for calculating an undissolved fuel ratio of a short segment of fuel in the bucket corresponding to the pulse count rate according to equation (1) stored therein,
the comparison module is used for judging whether the ratio of the undissolved fuel in the short fuel section in the bucket is larger than a set value or not, and outputting an alarm signal when the judgment result is 'yes'.
Preferably, the detection system comprises a detector and a signal analysis processing system,
the detector is used for receiving gamma rays entering the detector and converting the gamma rays into pulse signals to be output,
the signal analysis processing system is electrically connected with the detector and used for receiving the pulse signals output by the detector and processing the pulse signals to obtain a pulse counting rate corresponding to the gamma rays entering the detector in a set energy interval.
In the invention, a detection system is arranged at a position close to a dissolution monitoring station of a spent fuel dissolver, when a bucket of the spent fuel dissolver is soaked in a dissolution solution for a set time and then is transferred to a dissolution monitoring position, gamma rays emitted by residual fuel in a short section of fuel in the bucket are captured by the detection system and processed to obtain a pulse counting rate corresponding to a set energy interval, and because the pulse counting rate detection precision is limited, whether the fuel in the short section of fuel in the bucket is completely dissolved is difficult to judge by directly comparing the pulse counting rates before and after dissolution.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of the position of a dissolver scoop;
fig. 2 is a perspective view of the detector and shield mounting.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the indication of orientation or positional relationship, such as "on" or the like, is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for convenience and simplicity of description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must be provided with a specific orientation, constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "connected," "disposed," "mounted," "fixed," and the like are to be construed broadly, e.g., as being fixedly or removably connected, or integrally connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, or may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases for those skilled in the art.
The invention provides a passive monitoring method for the undissolved fuel ratio of a spent fuel dissolver, which comprises the following steps:
s1: a detection system is arranged at a position close to a dissolution monitoring station of the spent fuel dissolver,
s2: after a bucket of the spent fuel dissolver is soaked in a dissolving solution for a set time, the bucket is rotated to a dissolving monitoring position, and a detection system detects gamma rays emitted by a short section of fuel in the bucket and acquires a pulse counting rate corresponding to the gamma rays entering the bucket in a set energy interval;
s3: calculating an undissolved fuel ratio for a short segment of fuel in the bucket based on the pulse count rate.
The invention also provides a passive monitoring system for the undissolved fuel ratio of the spent fuel dissolver, which comprises: a detection system and a data processor,
the detection system is arranged at a position close to a dissolution monitoring station of the spent fuel dissolver and is used for detecting gamma rays emitted by a short section of fuel in a bucket of the spent fuel dissolver after the bucket is soaked in a dissolution solution for a set time and transferring to the dissolution monitoring position, and acquiring a pulse counting rate corresponding to the gamma rays entering the bucket in a set energy interval;
and the data processor is electrically connected with the detection system and used for calculating the undissolved fuel ratio of the short section of fuel in the bucket according to the pulse counting rate, judging whether the undissolved fuel ratio is greater than a set value or not, and outputting an alarm signal when the judgment result is 'yes'.
Example 1:
the embodiment provides a passive monitoring method for an undissolved fuel ratio of a spent fuel dissolver, which comprises the following steps:
s1: a detection system 2 is arranged at a position close to a dissolution monitoring station of the spent fuel dissolver 1,
s2: after a bucket of the spent fuel dissolver 1 is soaked in a dissolving solution for a set time, the bucket is rotated to a dissolving monitoring position, and a detection system 2 detects gamma rays emitted by a short section of fuel in the bucket and acquires a pulse counting rate corresponding to the gamma rays entering the bucket in a set energy interval;
s3: an undissolved fuel ratio of the short segment of fuel in the bucket is calculated based on the pulse count rate.
The undissolved fuel ratio is an indicator of the dissolution quality, which is determined by the ratio of the residual fuel mass after dissolution to the initial fuel mass loaded before dissolution. Preferably, the method of the invention is carried out by measuring the residual content in the empty shell137The Cs activity was combined with the nuclide ratio determined for the average burn-up of the batch of fuel to estimate the amount of residual oxides. The highest of the radioactivity of spent fuel is137Cs, and thus remaining when leaving the nitric acid solution level through the scoop137The Cs activity, combined with the average fuel burn-up of the batch, allows an estimate of the undissolved fuel ratio. Theoretically, by measuring137The net count of the 662keV gamma peak of Cs can be determined137Activity of Cs. The dissolver operation control determines whether the undissolved ratio is within the control range based on the ratio. Therefore, in this embodiment, the set energy interval is selected from 60keV to 3 MeV.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, in the spent fuel reprocessing process, the fuel rods are sheared into short segments of fuel of about 20-50mm in length, which pass through the chute into a scoop at the spent fuel dissolver loading position (one of the 14 scoops in the dissolver). Subsequently, the spent fuel dissolver rotates anticlockwise, and the short section of the fuel is contacted with the concentrated nitric acid dissolving solution to be dissolved. The rotating speed of the spent fuel dissolver is adjusted, so that the reaction time of the short fuel section in the nitric acid solution is long enough to ensure that the fuel oxide in the short fuel section is fully dissolved. When the scoop is rotated to position in the dissolution monitoring position, the dissolver wheel is stopped and the undissolved fuel ratio in the fuel short is monitored. Gamma rays emitted by the remaining fuel in the short segment of fuel in the bucket will be captured by the detection system 2 and processed to obtain a pulse count rate corresponding to the gamma peak at 662 keV. Because the pulse counting rate detection precision is limited, it is difficult to directly judge whether the fuel in the short section of the fuel in the bucket is completely dissolved by comparing the pulse counting rates before and after the dissolution.
In this example, the undissolved fuel ratio of a short segment of fuel in a bucket is calculated using equation (1):
P＝[(N-Nbackground of the invention)·K]/(a·M) (1)
P-the undissolved fuel ratio of the short segment of fuel in the bucket;
n-pulse counting rate obtained by the detection system when the bucket is used for charging;
Nbackground of the invention-pulse count rate obtained by the detection system when the bucket is empty;
a-in short section of fuel137The specific activity of Cs;
before the short section of fuel in the M-scoop is dissolved137The total mass of Cs;
k-represents the detection efficiency of the detection system for detecting the gamma rays.
In the calculation, K, a is a known constant selected for the probe and the measured object, so that the ratio of undissolved fuel can be accurately calculated.
Example 2:
the present embodiment provides a system for implementing the passive monitoring method for the undissolved fuel ratio of the spent fuel dissolver in embodiment 1, including: a detection system 2 and a data processor 3,
the detection system 2 is arranged at a position close to a dissolution monitoring station of the spent fuel dissolver 1, and is used for detecting gamma rays emitted by a short section of fuel in a bucket of the spent fuel dissolver 1 after the bucket is soaked in a dissolution solution for a set time and transferring to the dissolution monitoring position, and acquiring a pulse counting rate corresponding to the gamma rays entering the bucket in a set energy interval;
the data processor 3 is electrically connected with the detection system 2 and used for calculating the undissolved fuel ratio of the short section of fuel in the bucket according to the pulse counting rate, judging whether the undissolved fuel ratio is larger than a set value or not, and outputting an alarm signal when the judgment result is 'yes'.
In this embodiment, the data processor 3 calculates the undissolved fuel ratio of the short segment of fuel in the bucket using equation (1):
P＝[(N-Nbackground of the invention)·K]/(a·M) (1)
P-the undissolved fuel ratio of the short segment of fuel in the bucket;
n-pulse counting rate obtained by the detection system when the bucket is used for charging;
Nbackground of the invention-pulse count rate obtained by the detection system when the bucket is empty;
a-in short section of fuel137The specific activity of Cs;
before the short section of fuel in the M-scoop is dissolved137The total mass of Cs;
k-represents the detection efficiency of the detection system for detecting the gamma rays.
In this embodiment, referring to fig. 2, the data processor 3 comprises a calculation module 31 and a comparison module 32,
the calculation module 31 is for calculating the undissolved fuel ratio of short segments of fuel in the bucket corresponding to the pulse count rate based on equation (1) stored therein,
the comparison module 32 is used to determine whether the undissolved fuel ratio of a short segment of fuel in the bucket is greater than a set value and, when the determination is "yes," an alarm signal is output.
In this embodiment, the detection system 2 includes a detector 21 and a signal analysis processing system 22,
the detector 21 is used for receiving the gamma ray entering the detector, converting the gamma ray into a pulse signal and outputting the pulse signal,
the signal analyzing and processing system 22 is electrically connected to the detector 21, and is configured to receive the pulse signal output by the detector 21 and process the pulse signal to obtain a pulse count rate corresponding to a set energy interval of the gamma ray entering the detector 21.
Referring to fig. 2, the signal analyzing and processing system 22 includes a signal processing circuit 221 and a pulse counting circuit 222, the signal processing circuit 221 receives the pulse signal output by the detector 21 and performs amplification, analog-to-digital conversion, discrimination and other processing on the pulse signal, and the pulse counting circuit 222 counts the pulse signal processed by the signal processing circuit 221 to obtain the number of pulses in a period and sends the number of pulses to the data processor 3.
It will be understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments taken to illustrate the principles of the present invention, which is not limited thereto. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and substance of the invention, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
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