CN113833678B - A compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a gas compressor, which comprises a gas compressor, wherein a switch reluctance motor is arranged in the gas compressor, the switch reluctance motor and the gas compressor are electrically connected with a system control board, the system control board controls the rotating speed of the switch reluctance motor and achieves corresponding functions of communication, fault diagnosis and the like, the gas compressor comprises a gas compressor rear end cover, a gas compressor shell, a gas compressor impeller, a gas compressor volute and a gas compressor and switch reluctance motor shared shaft, and the switch reluctance motor comprises a switch reluctance motor stator, a switch reluctance motor rotor, a first magnetic bearing, a second magnetic bearing, a first positioning baffle, a gas compressor and switch reluctance motor shared shaft and a second positioning baffle. The compressor has the advantages of improving the rotating speed, reducing the cost and reducing the vibration, and the magnetic gear is used as a bearing to meet the oil-free lubrication requirement of the fuel cell, so that the poisoning of the fuel cell can be prevented.

Description

A compressor

Technical Field

The present invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a compressor.

Background technique

Fuel cells are considered to be an ideal ultimate form of energy utilization. Increasing the air intake pressure can significantly increase the power density and efficiency of fuel cells while also improving the water balance of the system. At present, the main technical solutions for fuel cell compressors are turbine air compressors, screw compressors, and centrifugal compressors. Among them, friction will occur between the turbine and screw blades, so the mass and noise will be relatively large. The centrifugal compressor has an ideal comprehensive effect in terms of density, efficiency, and density, and is currently considered to be one of the air boosting methods with the best development prospects. High speed, low vibration, and oil-free lubrication are the requirements that fuel cell compressors must meet. Fuel cell-specific compressors have become one of the bottlenecks that currently restrict the development of fuel cell technology.

Centrifugal compressors mainly use air bearings and permanent magnet motors. In order to increase the power density, the compressor speed needs to be increased to a speed level of 100,000 rpm. In the existing technical solution, since the permanent magnet motor has permanent magnets arranged on the rotor surface, a huge centrifugal force will be generated at the edge of the rotor at high speed, which brings great challenges to the design of the motor rotor and limits the increase in speed. In addition, in order to prevent fuel cell poisoning, fuel cell compressors mostly use oil-free lubricated air bearings as support. The existing technical solution has the disadvantages of low speed and high cost. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a high-speed and low-cost fuel cell compressor invention.

The currently disclosed technology does not yet have an invention of a fuel cell compressor that utilizes a switched reluctance motor drive with multiple rows of salient poles and a magnetic gear as a bearing.

Summary of the invention

In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a compressor having the advantages of increasing the rotation speed, reducing the cost and reducing the vibration, thereby solving the problems of low rotation speed and high cost in the prior art solutions.

To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a compressor, comprising a compressor, wherein a switched reluctance motor is installed in the compressor, the switched reluctance motor and the compressor are electrically connected with a system control board, the system control board controls the rotation speed of the switched reluctance motor and completes corresponding communication and fault diagnosis functions, the compressor comprises a compressor rear end cover, a compressor casing, a compressor impeller, a compressor volute and a common shaft between the compressor and the switched reluctance motor, the switched reluctance motor comprises a switched reluctance motor stator, a switched reluctance motor rotor, a magnetic bearing 1, a magnetic bearing 2, a positioning baffle 1, a common shaft between the compressor and the switched reluctance motor and a positioning baffle 2, the compressor casing is installed on one side of the compressor rear end cover, and the compressor casing is installed on the side away from the compressor rear end cover A compressor volute is provided, a common shaft of the compressor and the switched reluctance motor is arranged between the compressor casing and the compressor volute, four rows of switched reluctance motor rotors are arranged outside the common shaft of the compressor and the switched reluctance motor, a stator of the switched reluctance motor is arranged outside the switch reluctance motor rotor, a first positioning baffle and a second positioning baffle which are penetrated by the common shaft of the compressor and the switched reluctance motor are arranged inside the compressor casing, a first magnetic bearing in contact with the second positioning baffle is arranged outside the common shaft of the compressor and the switched reluctance motor, a second magnetic bearing in contact with the first positioning baffle is arranged outside the common shaft of the compressor and the switched reluctance motor, a system control board is arranged inside the compressor casing, and a compressor impeller located in the compressor volute is arranged at one end of the common shaft of the compressor and the switched reluctance motor.

The common shaft of the compressor and the switched reluctance motor is formed by connecting the rotor shaft of the switched reluctance motor and the compressor rotor in a coaxial manner.

The number of the switched reluctance motor rotors in each row is four, and the four switched reluctance motor rotors are divided into salient pole rotor one, salient pole rotor two, salient pole rotor three and salient pole rotor four.

The system control board completes the control of the entire system, including: control of the switched reluctance motor, control of magnetic bearing 1 and magnetic bearing 2, and communication with other on-board controllers.

Furthermore, the controller controls the speed of the switched reluctance motor according to the instructions of the higher-level controller of the vehicle, and completes corresponding communication and fault diagnosis functions.

Furthermore, the communication of the system control board is completed using CAN communication.

Furthermore, six excitation coils are arranged outside the rotor of the switched reluctance motor, and the angles between the salient pole rotor one, the salient pole rotor two, the salient pole rotor three and the salient pole rotor four differ by 22.5° respectively.

Furthermore, the magnetic bearing 1 and the magnetic bearing 2 both use magnetic gears as bearings, which are arranged on the opposite sides of the positioning baffle 1 and the positioning baffle 2 and at the connection with the common shaft of the compressor and the switched reluctance motor.

Furthermore, the excitation power-on of the switched reluctance motor controls the power-on time, i.e., the opening angle, of the windings of salient pole rotor one, salient pole rotor two, salient pole rotor three and salient pole rotor four respectively through the system control board to realize the individual torque control of different salient pole rows.

Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of this application has the following beneficial effects:

1. The compressor can increase the rotation speed, reduce the cost and reduce the vibration. The present invention adopts a switched reluctance motor, and the motor rotor does not need a permanent magnet, which can reduce the cost. At the same time, since there is no permanent magnet installed, the motor speed can be increased to 100,000 rpm.

2. The compressor of the present invention adopts a switched reluctance motor with multiple salient pole rows. The invention cooperates with the optimization of the motor excitation algorithm to reduce the torque pulsation of the switched reluctance motor, thereby reducing the vibration of the compressor as a whole. The present invention adopts magnetic gears as bearings to meet the requirements of oil-free lubrication of fuel cells, thereby preventing fuel cell poisoning.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

FIG2 is a layout diagram of salient pole rotor 1, salient pole rotor 2, salient pole rotor 3 and salient pole rotor 4 of the present invention;

FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the synthesis of multi-salient pole output torque of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is an outline view of the compressor of the present invention.

In the figure: 1 compressor rear end cover, 2 compressor casing, 3 switched reluctance motor stator, 4 switched reluctance motor rotor, 4-1 salient pole rotor one, 4-2 salient pole rotor two, 4-3 salient pole rotor three, 4-4 salient pole rotor four, 5 magnetic bearing one, 6 compressor impeller, 7 compressor volute, 8 system control board, 9 magnetic bearing two, 10 positioning baffle one, 11 compressor and switched reluctance motor common shaft, 12 positioning baffle two.

Detailed ways

The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical invention in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Please refer to Figures 1-4. A compressor in this embodiment includes a compressor, wherein a switched reluctance motor is installed in the compressor, and the switched reluctance motor and the compressor are electrically connected to a system control board 8. The system control board 8 controls the speed of the switched reluctance motor and completes corresponding communication and fault diagnosis functions. The compressor includes a compressor rear end cover 1, a compressor casing 2, a compressor impeller 6, a compressor volute 7 and a compressor and switched reluctance motor common shaft 11. The switched reluctance motor includes a switched reluctance motor stator 3, a switched reluctance motor rotor 4, a magnetic bearing 1 5, a magnetic bearing 2 9, a positioning baffle 1 10, a compressor and switched reluctance motor common shaft 11 and a positioning baffle 2 12. The compressor casing 2 is installed on one side of the compressor rear end cover 1, and the compressor volute is installed on the side of the compressor casing 2 away from the compressor rear end cover 1. 7. A compressor and switched reluctance motor common shaft 11 is installed between the compressor casing 2 and the compressor volute 7. Four rows of switched reluctance motor rotors 4 are installed outside the compressor and switched reluctance motor common shaft 11. A switched reluctance motor stator 3 is installed outside the switched reluctance motor rotor 4. A positioning baffle 10 and a positioning baffle 2 12 penetrated by the compressor and switched reluctance motor common shaft 11 are installed inside the compressor casing 2. A magnetic bearing 1 5 in contact with the positioning baffle 2 12 is installed outside the compressor and switched reluctance motor common shaft 11. A magnetic bearing 2 9 in contact with the positioning baffle 10 is installed outside the compressor and switched reluctance motor common shaft 11. A system control board 8 is installed inside the compressor casing 2. A compressor impeller 6 located in the compressor volute 7 is installed at one end of the compressor and switched reluctance motor common shaft 11.

The compressor and switched reluctance motor common shaft 11 is formed by connecting the rotor shaft of the switched reluctance motor and the compressor rotor in a coaxial manner.

The number of switched reluctance motor rotors 4 in each row is four, and the four switched reluctance motor rotors 4 are divided into a salient pole rotor 1 4 - 1 , a salient pole rotor 2 4 - 2 , a salient pole rotor 3 4 - 3 and a salient pole rotor 4 - 4 .

The system control board 8 completes the control of the entire system, including: control of the switched reluctance motor, control of the magnetic bearing 1 5 and the magnetic bearing 2 9, and communication with other on-board controllers.

In this embodiment, the controller controls the speed of the switched reluctance motor according to the instructions of the higher-level controller of the vehicle, and completes corresponding communication and fault diagnosis functions.

In this embodiment, the communication of the system control board 8 is completed by CAN communication.

In this embodiment, six excitation coils are arranged outside the switched reluctance motor rotor 4, and the angles of the salient pole rotor 1 4-1, the salient pole rotor 2 4-2, the salient pole rotor 3 4-3 and the salient pole rotor 4 4-4 differ by 22.5°. This design achieves the purpose of reducing the switched reluctance torque pulsation by controlling the energization sequence of the excitation coils and the energization time, that is, the opening angle.

In this embodiment, magnetic bearing 1 5 and magnetic bearing 2 9 both use magnetic gears as bearings, which are arranged on the opposite sides of positioning baffle 1 10 and positioning baffle 2 12 and at the connection with the compressor and switched reluctance motor common shaft 11. The magnetic bearing is controlled according to the motor rotor position by a control module integrated with the switched reluctance motor, so that the output shaft of the switched reluctance motor drives the compressor rotor without friction and oil lubrication.

In this embodiment, the excitation power of the switched reluctance motor controls the power-on time of the windings of the salient pole rotor 1 4-1, the salient pole rotor 2 4-2, the salient pole rotor 3 4-3 and the salient pole rotor 4 4-4 through the system control board 8, that is, the opening angle to achieve the individual torque control of different salient pole rows. The overall output composite torque of the motor is the vector synthesis of the independent torques of multiple salient pole rows. Selecting a suitable opening angle can make the torque pulsations of multiple salient pole rows offset each other to reduce the pulsation of the final output composite torque.

The working principle of the above embodiment is:

The switched reluctance motor used in the present invention is a motor with four rows of salient poles arranged on the rotor, each row of salient poles being four, and six rows of excitation coils being arranged on the stator.

The angles between salient pole rotor 1 4-1, salient pole rotor 2 4-2, salient pole rotor 3 4-3 and salient pole rotor 4 4-4 differ by 22.5° respectively. This design achieves the purpose of reducing the switched reluctance torque pulsation by controlling the energization sequence of the excitation coil and the energization time, that is, the opening angle.

Magnetic gears are used as bearings and are arranged on the opposite sides of positioning baffle 10 and positioning baffle 2 12 and at the connection with the common shaft 11 of the compressor and the switched reluctance motor. The system control board 8 integrated with the switched reluctance motor is controlled according to the position of the motor rotor to achieve the characteristics of frictionless and oil-free lubrication of the compressor rotor driven by the output shaft of the switched reluctance motor.

The excitation energization of the switched reluctance motor realizes the individual torque control of different salient pole rows by controlling the energization moment of the rotor winding corresponding to different salient poles, that is, the opening angle. As shown in Figure 3, taking two salient pole rows as an example, the overall output composite torque of the motor is the vector synthesis of the independent torques of multiple salient pole rows. Selecting the appropriate opening angle and the torque pulsation of multiple salient pole rows can offset each other to reduce the pulsation of the final output composite torque.

Beneficial effects:

1. The compressor can increase the rotation speed, reduce the cost and reduce the vibration. The present invention adopts a switched reluctance motor, and the motor rotor does not need a permanent magnet, which can reduce the cost. At the same time, since there is no permanent magnet installed, the motor speed can be increased to 100,000 rpm.

2. The compressor of the present invention adopts a switched reluctance motor with multiple salient pole rows. The invention cooperates with the optimization of the motor excitation algorithm to reduce the torque pulsation of the switched reluctance motor, thereby reducing the vibration of the compressor as a whole. The present invention adopts magnetic gears as bearings to meet the requirements of oil-free lubrication of fuel cells, thereby preventing fuel cell poisoning.

It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprise a ..." do not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (3)

1. The compressor comprises a compressor, wherein a switch reluctance motor is arranged in the compressor, the switch reluctance motor and the compressor are electrically connected with a system control board (8), and the system control board (8) controls the rotating speed of the switch reluctance motor and completes corresponding communication and fault diagnosis functions;

The compressor comprises a compressor rear end cover (1), a compressor shell (2), a compressor impeller (6), a compressor volute (7) and a compressor and switch reluctance motor shared shaft (11);

the switch reluctance motor comprises a switch reluctance motor stator (3), a switch reluctance motor rotor (4), a first magnetic bearing (5), a second magnetic bearing (9), a first positioning baffle (10), a shared shaft (11) of the compressor and the switch reluctance motor and a second positioning baffle (12);

The method is characterized in that: a compressor housing (2) is arranged at one side of the compressor rear end cover (1), a compressor volute (7) is arranged at one side of the compressor housing (2) away from the compressor rear end cover (1), a compressor and switch reluctance motor shared shaft (11) is arranged between the compressor housing (2) and the compressor volute (7), and a compressor impeller (6) positioned in the compressor volute (7) is arranged at one end of the compressor and switch reluctance motor shared shaft (11);

Four rows of switch reluctance motor rotors (4) are arranged outside the shared shaft (11) of the air compressor and the switch reluctance motor, a switch reluctance motor stator (3) is arranged outside the switch reluctance motor rotors (4), a first positioning baffle (10) and a second positioning baffle (12) which are penetrated by the shared shaft (11) of the air compressor and the switch reluctance motor are arranged in the air compressor shell (2), a first magnetic bearing (5) which is contacted with the second positioning baffle (12) is arranged outside the shared shaft (11) of the air compressor and the switch reluctance motor, a second magnetic bearing (9) which is contacted with the first positioning baffle (10) is arranged outside the shared shaft (11) of the air compressor and the switch reluctance motor, magnetic gears are used as bearings, the first magnetic bearings (5) and the second magnetic bearings (9) are arranged on the opposite surfaces of the first positioning baffle (10) and the second positioning baffle (12) and at the joint of the shared shaft (11) of the air compressor and the switch reluctance motor, and a control board (8) is arranged in the air compressor shell (2);

the compressor and the switch reluctance motor share shaft (11) is formed by coaxially connecting a rotor shaft of the switch reluctance motor and a rotor of the compressor;

the number of each row of switch reluctance motor rotors (4) is four, the four switch reluctance motor rotors (4) are respectively a first salient pole rotor (4-1), a second salient pole rotor (4-2), a third salient pole rotor (4-3) and a fourth salient pole rotor (4-4), six exciting coils are arranged outside the switch reluctance motor rotors (4), the angles between the first salient pole rotor (4-1), the second salient pole rotor (4-2), the third salient pole rotor (4-3) and the fourth salient pole rotor (4-4) are different by 22.5 degrees one by one, and the excitation energization of the switch reluctance motor realizes the individual torque control of different salient pole rows by controlling the energization time, namely the opening angle, of the respective windings of the first salient pole rotor (4-1), the second salient pole rotor (4-2), the third salient pole rotor (4-3) and the fourth salient pole rotor (4-4) through a system control board (8);

The system control board (8) completes the control of the whole system, and comprises: control of the switch reluctance motor, control of the first magnetic bearing (5) and the second magnetic bearing (9) and communication with other controllers on the vehicle.

2. A compressor as defined in claim 1, wherein: the controller controls the rotating speed of the switch reluctance motor according to the higher-level controller instruction of the vehicle, and the corresponding communication and fault diagnosis functions are completed.

3. A compressor as defined in claim 1, wherein: the communication of the system control board (8) is finished in a CAN communication mode.