CN106835724A - A kind of degradable mulch for coating tung oil - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention proposes a degradable mulch film coated with tung oil, which comprises a non-woven fabric and a tung oil layer, and the tung oil layer is coated on the non-woven fabric layer. The degradable plastic film coated with tung oil is degradable. When the plant grows and needs to be removed, it has been degraded by itself, eliminating the cost of manual recycling, and can be used for the cultivation of crops such as corn, strawberry, cotton, peanut and tobacco. At the same time, in view of the large pore size of the single-layer non-woven fabric structure, which causes serious air permeability and reduced heat preservation and water retention effects, a layer of tung oil is coated on the surface of the non-woven fabric to encrypt the overall structure, thereby improving heat preservation and water retention. performance.

Description

A kind of degradable plastic film coated with tung oil

technical field

The invention relates to the field of agricultural production, in particular to a degradable plastic film coated with tung oil.

Background technique

In the process of planting many crops, especially tobacco plants, in order to obtain a better growth environment, mulch is used, and the traditional mulch is a plastic (polyethylene or polyvinyl chloride) film. Although it can play the role of heat preservation, water retention and fertilizer preservation, but at the same time, it has many negative effects.

For example, after the mulch film is placed, it needs to be recycled, but the recycling is done manually, which makes it difficult to recycle and causes high recycling costs; at the same time, the mulch film that has not been recycled is not easy to degrade. According to current research, it takes about 300 years for the polyethylene mulch film to completely decompose. time, which caused serious white pollution

In addition, in addition to the high labor cost and environmental pollution, it also has many defects in use.

For example, because the plastic is not breathable, it is easy to cause water vapor to accumulate to form mist, which reduces the light transmittance of the mulch, which in turn affects the growth of plants under the mulch; and because the traditional polyethylene (polyvinyl chloride) mulch does not have gaps, The product is airtight, which will easily lead to the lack of oxygen under the film. The root system of the plant will grow sideways or even upward due to lack of oxygen, and the root system is easy to age, which will affect the nutrient absorption of the root system. The root system is the main source of nutrients for the plant. This effect will lead to Defects in plant growth.

In addition, due to the light-absorbing characteristics of the plastic film itself, in the case of planting under the film, when the plant grows, it is easy to cause burns on the part of the plant that touches the film due to strong light absorption.

In addition, since plastic mulch is prone to static electricity, it is also easy to be adsorbed on the person who lays the mulch or other objects that come into contact with it during use, causing certain inconvenience.

Therefore, based on the above-mentioned defects and inconveniences, it is necessary to improve the traditional mulch film, while retaining the thermal insulation and water retention properties of the mulch film, while improving the performance of other aspects.

Contents of the invention

The present invention proposes a degradable plastic film coated with tung oil, which solves the problems mentioned above.

The technical solution of the present invention is achieved in the following way: a degradable mulch film coated with tung oil comprises a non-woven fabric and a tung oil layer, and the tung oil layer is coated on the non-woven fabric layer. It is made of non-woven fabric, which does not generate static electricity and will not be adsorbed on the user. At the same time, the non-woven fabric will not gather heat, so when the plant is planted under the film, after the plant grows, it will not be exposed to the new The part of the degradable mulch film will not cause burns. In addition, because the non-woven fabric has certain gaps, air can pass through, ensuring sufficient oxygen under the film, and the root system of the plant can grow normally downward, and the root system is not easy to age.

At the same time, tung oil is coated on the non-woven fabric, which is used to coat a layer of non-woven fabric on the surface of the non-woven fabric for the situation that the single-layer non-woven fabric structure has a large pore size, which causes serious air permeability, thermal insulation and water retention. Tung oil, which encrypts the overall structure, thereby improving performance such as heat preservation and water retention. According to this principle, in addition to tung oil, the coating layer can also be a paraffin layer, etc., all of which have the same effect.

Preferably, the non-woven fabric is made of polypropylene.

Due to the use of non-woven fabric materials, especially polypropylene non-woven fabric materials, it has certain air permeability and prevents the generation of water mist. At the same time, polyethylene has degradable properties. After use, the degradation time is about For 3 months, after degradation, there is no need for recycling, which reduces the cost of recycling. Although the production cost of the degradable mulch film coated with tung oil has risen to a certain extent, combined with the reduction of recycling costs, the overall cost of use Basically the same.

Tung oil is an excellent drying vegetable oil. It has the characteristics of fast drying, light specific gravity, good gloss, strong adhesion, heat resistance, acid resistance, alkali resistance, anti-corrosion, anti-rust, non-conductive, etc. It is widely used and can be used to make tarpaulins , oiled paper, soap, pesticides and medical emesis, insecticides, etc.

Furthermore, the polypropylene used per square meter is 9-15g. On the one hand, the thickness of the film is guaranteed, and at the same time, the porosity of the film is also controlled, which can play the role of heat preservation and water retention. At the same time, it can prevent the root system from growing laterally. Ensure the nutrient supply of plants.

In addition, the thickness of polypropylene also determines the size of its porosity, which is suitable for different covering environments. When the temperature is low in winter, it can be covered with thicker products to improve the effect of heat preservation and water retention.

Preferably, calcium carbonate is also added therein to adjust the degradation time, stretching, toughness and other properties of the novel degradable film. Adding calcium carbonate will directly affect the degradation time of the product, so that it can be used according to the needs of use. Adjust to achieve product degradation times consistent with the time plants need to be covered.

More preferably, the addition of calcium carbonate is 0-6g per square meter, and the addition of calcium carbonate can shorten the degradation time of the product, thereby being able to adapt to different plant growth requirements for the different requirements of the covering time. , the addition of calcium carbonate in a certain proportion can also improve the tensile properties of the product. The change of tensile properties, according to the proportion of calcium carbonate added, shows a trend of rising first and then decreasing. When the addition of calcium carbonate and polypropylene is 2 :8, its tensile properties are better, in addition, the addition of calcium carbonate also affects the impact strength of the product, generally showing a trend of first falling and then rising, generally lower at 1:9, and then began to rise, 2: 8 o'clock is generally good.

The method for using the degradable plastic film coated with tung oil is to cover the degradable plastic film coated with tung oil on the ground surface.

There is no need to recycle. If all polypropylene and tung oil are used, it will be completely degraded after about 90-120 days. If calcium carbonate is added, the degradation time can be shortened accordingly.

In addition, when this product is used, whether it is polypropylene or tung oil/paraffin, it will not generate static electricity, and it is more convenient to lay.

The degradable plastic film of the present invention has the following advantages:

1. The water storage capacity has also been improved;

2. The degradable mulch film coated with tung oil is made of degradable material. When the plant grows and needs to be removed, it has been degraded by itself, eliminating the cost of manual recycling;

3. The degradable mulch film coated with tung oil has a larger pore size for the single-layer non-woven fabric structure, which causes serious air permeability and reduced effects such as heat preservation and water retention, and coats a layer of tung oil on the surface of the non-woven fabric , Encrypt the overall structure, thereby improving the performance of heat preservation and water retention;

4. Due to the use of non-woven fabric materials, especially polypropylene non-woven fabric materials, it has certain air permeability and prevents the generation of water mist;

5. The air permeability is enhanced, the roots of the plant are not easy to age, and can grow downward;

6. Non-woven material, not easy to absorb heat, will not cause plant burns;

7. The non-woven material is easy to fold, so that it can be folded through the growth area of the tobacco plant, leaving room for growth;

8. No static electricity will be generated when covering, which is more convenient for laying.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a product physical picture of an embodiment of the degradable mulch film coated with tung oil in the present invention, wherein the black part is formed by adding carbon black components to form an opaque structure to inhibit the growth of weeds, black and white can adjust the light transmittance, For different undercovers.

detailed description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Apparently, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The invention provides a degradable mulch film coated with tung oil, which comprises a non-woven fabric and a tung oil layer, and the tung oil layer is coated on the non-woven fabric layer. Of course, it is also possible to use a paraffin layer to coat the non-woven fabric. The way of coating is to directly brush several layers. The number of layers to be applied is determined according to the sealing requirements to be achieved. The more, usually 1-3 layers.

Preferably, the non-woven fabric is made of polypropylene.

Preferably, calcium carbonate is also added therein to adjust the degradation time, tensile, toughness and other properties of the novel degradable film. Adding calcium carbonate will directly affect the degradation time of the product, from the original about 90 days It can be extended to many years, so that it can be adjusted according to the needs of use, so that the degradation time of the product is consistent with the time that the plant needs to be covered.

More preferably, the addition of calcium carbonate is 0-3g per square meter, and the addition of calcium carbonate can shorten the degradation time of the product, thereby being able to adapt to the different requirements of different plant growths for the need for covering time, and at the same time , the addition of calcium carbonate in a certain proportion can also improve the tensile properties of the product. The change of tensile properties, according to the proportion of calcium carbonate added, shows a trend of rising first and then decreasing. When the addition of calcium carbonate and polypropylene is 2 :8, its tensile properties are better, in addition, the addition of calcium carbonate also affects the impact strength of the product, generally showing a trend of first falling and then rising, generally lower at 1:9, and then began to rise, 2: 8 o'clock is generally good.

The method for using the degradable plastic film coated with tung oil is to cover the degradable plastic film coated with tung oil on the ground surface.

No need to recycle, without adding calcium carbonate, it can be completely degraded after about 90-120 days, eliminating the cost of manual recycling. When covering, fold part of the plastic film at the plant growth point to reserve space for the future growth of the plant . When the plants grow to a suitable period, the mulch has degraded by itself and no other treatment is required.

In addition, the product obtained by the above method is transparent and white. According to needs, carbon black can be added to the mulch to make it black (opaque), or a combination of the two, as shown in Figure 1, so as to be used for different covering needs.

The degradable mulch film coated with tung oil of the present invention can be used as a covering device for heat preservation, water retention, and fertilizer retention when growing crops, such as strawberries, peanuts, cotton, potatoes, tobacco, and the like.

Use effect test

Example 1:

Polypropylene 10g/m ² , 2 coats of tung oil.

For the cultivation of flue-cured tobacco

Steps: (1) raising seedlings; (2) transplanting; transplanting into the soil, using a single ridge planting; (3) fertilizing and watering; (4) pest control; (5) topping and wiping; (6) mature picking ;

Transplanting under the film is adopted, in which, the white shell degradable plastic film is covered on the growth area of the tobacco plant, and the black new degradable plastic film is covered on both sides of the growth area to prevent the growth of weeds.

The steps of raising seedlings, transplanting, fertilizing and watering, controlling diseases and insect pests, topping and wiping branches, and mature picking are carried out according to the general agricultural work.

The heat preservation and water retention effects are tested in the following table:

After the product is covered, the tobacco plant has been broken down into pieces for a long time, and it can be crushed by hand.

After the seedling stage is covered, the temperature is raised to 12°C, which is 7°C higher than the outside world, thereby preventing frostbite or stagnation of the tobacco plants and ensuring the normal growth of the tobacco plants.

From the above comparison, it can be seen that after covering this product, the heat preservation effect can be improved by 3-6°C, and the water retention capacity can also be increased by 5-10%.

In addition, the biomass of the tobacco plants with the new biodegradable mulch increased by about 10-20% compared with the comparative tobacco plants without the use, and the tobacco leaves were more luxuriant.

The agronomic traits are as follows:

Data of agronomic traits of tobacco plants at mature picking

Example 2

For peanut film cultivation, polypropylene 10g/m ² , tung oil coating 2 layers, calcium carbonate 2g/m ² .

It is very important to grasp the sowing time. Peanuts are sown from May 15th to 25th, and mulched peanuts can be sown from May 10th to 15th. Within 5 days, the daily average ground temperature of the 5-10 cm plow layer is stable and exceeds 12°C before sowing, and the plastic film peanut can increase the ground temperature; the sowing is uniform, and the plastic film is close to the ridge surface. Throw two shovels of soil every 2-3 meters to prevent the wind from lifting the membrane. Film-mulched peanuts cannot be intertilled, and weeding must be sprayed before covering the film.

Others are the same as ordinary planting methods.

Peanut mulching can regain the effective accumulated temperature of 230-270°C. According to the above method, the yield of peanuts per hectare is 1000-2000 kg, that is, the mulching peanuts are generally under the premise of good natural climate conditions, cultivation management level and other supporting measures. Compared with conventional cultivation, the yield is increased by 40-80%.

In addition to the above covering methods, it can also be used for tiling, flat furrow covering, etc.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the scope of the present invention. within the scope of protection.

Claims (5)

1. A degradable mulch film coated with tung oil is characterized in that: it comprises a nonwoven fabric and a tung oil layer, and the tung oil layer is coated on the nonwoven fabric layer. 2. The degradable plastic film coated with tung oil as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the non-woven fabric is made of polypropylene. 3. The degradable film coated with tung oil as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: the polypropylene used per square meter is 9-15g. 4. The degradable film coated with tung oil as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: calcium carbonate is also added therein, and the amount of calcium carbonate added is 0-6g per square meter. 5. The method for using the tung oil-coated degradable mulch film according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: the tung oil-coated degradable mulch film is covered on the ground surface.