CN105510165A - Erosion evaluation device and testing method for proppant sand clusters in discontinuous sand paving crack - Google Patents
Erosion evaluation device and testing method for proppant sand clusters in discontinuous sand paving crack Download PDFInfo
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- CN105510165A CN105510165A CN201510880674.XA CN201510880674A CN105510165A CN 105510165 A CN105510165 A CN 105510165A CN 201510880674 A CN201510880674 A CN 201510880674A CN 105510165 A CN105510165 A CN 105510165A
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- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 title 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 66
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000037361 pathway Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 241001269238 Data Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005243 fluidization Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/56—Investigating resistance to wear or abrasion
- G01N3/565—Investigating resistance to wear or abrasion of granular or particulate material
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
- E21B43/267—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures reinforcing fractures by propping
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
- G01N2203/001—Impulsive
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Abstract
The invention relates to a testing device and a testing method for simulating fluidization of particles at the edge of a proppant sand column and change of the pore channel rate in a seam in the process of flowback after pulse type sand adding fracturing and production. The testing device mainly comprises a liquid storage tank, a gas storage tank, a constant flow pump, a pipeline heating sleeve, a flowmeter, an erosion area, a displacement sensor, a hydraulic machine, a sand collector, a waste liquid tank, a data acquisition control board and a computer. The invention can simulate the real conditions of closed pressure and fluid erosion of the proppant sand column in the discontinuous sand-paving fracture after being pressed under the pulse type sand-adding fracturing condition, and meet the test requirements of pressure and erosion of the proppant sand column in the discontinuous sand-paving fracture under different test conditions.
Description
Technical field
To the present invention relates to after a kind of pulsed sandfrac pressure that propping agent sand post edge in the row of returning and production run is grain fluidized, the proving installation of seam inner duct rate change and method.
Background technology
The sandfrac of pulsed waterpower is progressively applied at present in the world as the technological means that hydrocarbon-bearing pool storey increase design field is emerging.This technology by formed discontinuous sanding crack, improve seam inner duct rate and fluid flow efficiency for Oil/gas Well pressure after Efficient Development technical support is provided.But, affect by factors such as formation closure pressure, rate of flow of fluid, supporting crack width and proppant particles natures, return after pressure and be drained through propping agent sand post edge in journey and production run and will occur local fluidization phenomenon, reduce propping agent sand column stability and cause the crumple of hydrocarbon flow circulation passage, simultaneously proppant particles fluidisation will be brought immediate vicinity of wellbore fracture flow capacity to decline rapidly, be piled up adverse effects such as burying bottom, shaft bottom reservoir, erosion surface pipeline and instrument, normally cause negative consequence to what press production work afterwards.Therefore, discontinuous filling fracture support agent sand post wash-out stability research work under carrying out clossing pressure effect, after improving pressure to Optimizing Process Parameters, effect is significant.
The proving installation of current simulation supporting crack propping agent erosion and method are mainly based on continuous filling crack, if publication number is 102183796A, publication date is a kind of proving installation and the method that the Chinese patent literature on September 14th, 2011 discloses simulating backflow of propping agent, and this proving installation is primarily of fluid reservoir, cavity pump, line heating jacket, flowmeter, diversion chamber, displacement transducer, oil press, sand sample gatherer, waste liquid tank, data acquisition control plate, computing machine composition.This method of testing is as follows: first by laid for propping agent between two blocks of rock beams, be loaded in diversion chamber; Then cavity pump is opened, with small displacement displacement; Displacement transducer is loaded in oil press both sides, and is loaded on design pressure; Start-up simulation machine, pipeline electric heating cover, electrically heated rod, regulate cavity pump discharge capacity, all data transfer to computing machine by data acquisition control plate; Increase discharge capacity step by step, obtain certain clossing pressure lower support agent backflow critical flow velocity; Change clossing pressure, different clossing pressure condition lower support agent backflow critical flow velocity can be obtained.
But still there is following defect and deficiency in the prior art being representative with above-mentioned patent documentation:
1, the inner fluid erosion of discontinuous sanding crack can not be investigated on the impact of supporting crack duct rate;
2, the impact of sides of fracture surface roughness on discontinuous sanding crack inner support agent sand post wash-out stability is not considered;
3, research can not be launched to the grain fluidized phenomenon in sanding crack inner support agent sand post edge discontinuous under different in flow rate condition;
4, can not discontinuous sanding crack inner support agent sand column stability situation of change under simulated formation clossing pressure and fluid erosion double action.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to for the defect existing for above-mentioned prior art and deficiency, a kind of discontinuous sanding crack seam inner support agent sand group erosion evaluating apparatus is provided, use this proving installation, the full-scale condition of discontinuous sanding crack inner support agent sand column stability can be simulated, meet the test request of varying environment condition lower support agent sand column stability, negative effect can be brought in order to instruct the rational fracturing technology parameter of formation to reduce the decline of pulsed SAND FRACTURING TECHNOLOGY condition lower support agent sand column stability, and determine the reasonably rear production technology of pressure.
Meanwhile, present invention also offers the method for testing of this proving installation.
The present invention realizes by adopting following technical proposals:
A kind of discontinuous sanding crack seam inner support agent sand group erosion evaluating apparatus, it is characterized in that: adopt control panel and computing machine composition primarily of fluid reservoir, gas-holder, fluid reservoir valve, gas-holder valve, constant flow pump, flowmeter, line heating jacket, erosion district, displacement transducer, hydropress, grit collection device, waste liquid tank, number, described erosion district is consisted of O-ring seal and erosion district cavity upper piston, lower piston; Described upper piston, lower piston are connected with hydropress; It is the laid district of propping agent sand post between piston interior surface; Two ends, described erosion district are respectively feed pathway, liquid outlet channel; Described feed pathway connects liquid inlet joint, flowmeter, line heating jacket and constant flow pump successively; Described liquid outlet channel connects fluid joint, grit collection device, waste liquid tank successively; Described liquid inlet joint and fluid joint are fixed by fastening bolt and cavity two ends, erosion district, utilize packing washer to realize gluing, sealing; Institute's displacement sensors is connected with hydropress; Described constant flow pump, line heating jacket, flowmeter, temperature sensor, displacement transducer are all adopted control panel with number and are connected, and number is adopted control panel and is connected with computing machine.
In the present invention, described upper piston and lower piston inside surface are non-homogeneous etching wall, can artificial sides of fracture face matte finish under real simulation formation condition, ensure the true and reliable of test result.
In the present invention, it is hydraucone runner that described feed pathway connects in liquid inlet joint, agrees with feed pathway, test fluid flow can be avoided to enter simulation fracture inner chamber and form jet impulse to propping agent sand post, ensure test result validity.
In the present invention, it is circular flow channel that described liquid outlet channel connects in fluid joint, analogue perforation eyelet and fluidisation proppant particles can be flow to the process of pit shaft through eyelet by crack.
A method of testing for discontinuous sanding crack seam inner support agent sand group erosion evaluating apparatus, comprises the following steps:
(1) proppant particles under setting duct, crack rate and sanding concentration conditions is taken;
(2) open upper piston, lower piston, utilize propping agent sand post shaping dies at the laid formation in the laid district of propping agent sand post discontinuous propping agent sand post;
(3) load upper piston and lower piston, utilize O-ring seal to complete sealing;
(4) hydropress is used to load first closure pressure;
(5) close gas-holder valve (after simulation pressure the row of returning), open fluid reservoir valve and constant flow pump, make to be full of test fluid flow in test line and erosion district with lowest displacement displacement;
(6) load displacement transducer, hydropress is loaded on design clossing pressure, start-up simulation machine, input experiment parameter;
(7) start line heating jacket, regulate constant flow pump to inject test fluid flow by design discharge size, all experimental datas are adopted control panel by number and are transferred to computing machine;
(8) increase test fluid flow flow velocity step by step, occur sand grains to grit collection device, obtain the grain fluidized critical flow velocity in certain clossing pressure condition support agent sand post edge;
(9) after being completed under single-stage clossing pressure and critical flow velocity condition, open the upper and lower piston in erosion district, record propping agent sand post laid district inner support agent sand cylindricality state duct, discontinuous sanding crack rate changing value under calculating certain clossing pressure and fluid erosion effect;
(10) change clossing pressure size, repeat step (7), (8), (9), obtain the different clossing pressure condition lower support grain fluidized critical flow velocity in agent sand post edge and duct rate changing value.
The laid district of described propping agent sand post is that discontinuous filling is laid.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect that reaches of the present invention is as follows:
One, this proving installation and method is adopted, the full-scale condition of discontinuous sanding crack inner support agent sand column stability can be simulated, meet the test request of varying environment condition lower support agent sand column stability, negative effect can be brought in order to instruct the rational fracturing technology parameter of formation to reduce the decline of pulsed SAND FRACTURING TECHNOLOGY condition lower support agent sand column stability, and determine the reasonably rear production technology of pressure.
Two, the inner fluid erosion of discontinuous sanding crack can be simulated on the impact of supporting crack duct rate.
Three, consider that sides of fracture surface roughness is on the impact of discontinuous sanding crack inner support agent sand post wash-out stability.
Four, the research of the grain fluidized phenomenon in discontinuous sanding crack inner support agent sand post edge under different in flow rate condition can be carried out.
Five, can discontinuous sanding crack inner support agent sand column stability situation of change under simulated formation clossing pressure and fluid erosion double action;
Six, the proving installation of formation closure pressure effect lower support agent sand post erosion in the row of returning and production run after a kind of analog pulse formula sandfrac pressure provided by the invention, principle is reliable, and structure is simple, and method of testing is effective.The present invention is subject to the propping agent sand column stability of fluid erosion effect under not only can be used for studying the effect of pulsed sandfrac condition sub-surface clossing pressure, determine the grain fluidized critical flow velocity in propping agent sand post edge, investigate seam inner duct rate situation of change, overcome prior art defect, for after research pulsed sandfrac pressure, discontinuous sanding crack inner support agent sand column stability provides specialized equipment and method of testing.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with specification drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the proving installation structural representation of discontinuous sanding crack inner support agent sand column stability after analog pulse formula sandfrac pressure;
Fig. 2 is dull and stereotyped clamping fissured structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is crack wall side view.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
With reference to Figure of description 1,2 and 3, the preferred forms as this device is:
According to duct, the discontinuous sanding crack rate of design, required propping agent quality:
In formula:
m p the required propping agent quality of-experiment, g;
s-simulation fracture area, m
2; φ
0initial duct ,-discontinuous sanding crack rate;
c p -single-column propping agent sand post sanding concentration, kg/m
2.
According to torque equilibrium equation, can be supported the grain fluidized critical flow velocity in agent sand post edge:
In formula:
vthe grain fluidized critical flow velocity in-sand post edge, m/s;
d s -propping agent diameter, m;
g-acceleration of gravity, m
2/ s;
ρ s -propping agent density, kg/m
3;
ρ-Experimental Flowing Object density, kg/m
3;
ε-cohesive force coefficient, 0.00256Pa.m; γ-fiber is to cohesion correction factor; H-crack leak-off height, m;
δ-thin film parameter, 0.213 × 10
-6m;
This proving installation primarily of fluid reservoir 1, gas-holder 2, fluid reservoir valve 3, gas-holder valve 4, constant flow pump 5, flowmeter 7, line heating jacket 6, erosion district 8, displacement transducer 11, hydropress 12, grit collection device 13, waste liquid tank 14, number adopts control panel 15, computing machine 16 forms.Sidewalk for visually impaired people is had for loading resistance heating wire 20, temperature sensor 10 inside described erosion district 8; Erosion district 8 is made up of upper piston 17, lower piston 18 and erosion district cavity 9, is the laid district of propping agent sand post between upper piston 17, lower piston 18 inside surface; Upper piston 17, lower piston 18 are all connected with hydropress 12, and upper piston 17, lower piston 18 complete sealing with erosion district cavity 9 by O-ring seal 19; Cavity 9 both sides, erosion district have feed pathway 22, liquid outlet channel 24 respectively; Described feed pathway 22 connects liquid inlet joint 25, flowmeter 7, line heating jacket 6, constant flow pump 5; Described liquid outlet channel 24 picks out liquid joint 26, grit collection device 13; Described liquid inlet joint 25 inside is hydraucone runner; Described fluid joint 26 inside is circular eyelet; Described liquid inlet joint 25 is connected with erosion district cavity 9 by fastening bolt 21 with fluid joint 26, utilizes packing washer 23 to complete sealing.
Described hydropress 12 connection bit displacement sensor 11; Described constant flow pump 5, line heating jacket 6, flowmeter 7, temperature sensor 10, displacement transducer 11 are all adopted control panel 15 with number and are connected, and number is adopted control panel 15 and is connected with computing machine 16.
Hypothetical simulation object is discontinuous sanding crack after gas well pulsed sandfrac pressure, and major parameter is: single-column sanding concentration 7kg/m
2, duct, non-homogeneous sanding crack rate 35%, reservoir temperature 100 DEG C, formation closure pressure 20MPa, flaw area 0.12m
2, then required sand amount is:
。
Embodiment 2
Adopt the method for testing of above-mentioned proving installation as follows:
(1) take proppant particles 0.294kg needed for experiment test, and configure experiment test fluid flow; (2) propping agent sand post mold is utilized to make propping agent sand post, under the rate condition of design duct, crack
The discontinuous supporting crack of laid formation in the laid district of propping agent sand post of erosion district 8;
(3) the upper (lower) piston 17(18 in erosion district 8 is loaded), install liquid inlet joint 25 and fluid joint 26 additional, hydropress 12 is loaded on first closure pressure 6.9MPa;
(4) return bank fluid erosion process after simulation pressure, close gas-holder valve 4, open fluid reservoir 1, fluid reservoir valve 3, open constant flow pump 5, with lowest displacement displacement, make experiment test flow process pipeline and the laid district of propping agent sand post be full of test fluid flow;
(5) setting line heating jacket 6, erosion district 8 resistance heating wire 20 temperature are 100 DEG C;
(6) load hydropress 12 both sides displacement transducer 11, load clossing pressure to setting size 20MPa;
(7) start-up simulation machine 16, input experiment parameter, adopts control panel 15 image data to computing machine 16 by number;
(8) control constant flow pump flow load time interval, increase test fluid flow discharge capacity step by step, observe grit collection device 13 until there is sand grains, adopt
calculate the grain fluidized critical velocity in 20MPa clossing pressure condition lower support agent sand post edge;
(9) unload clossing pressure, take off the upper (lower) piston 17(18 in erosion district 8), image record also calculates test rear duct, crack rate size, duct, discontinuous sanding crack rate changing value under obtaining certain clossing pressure and fluid erosion effect;
(10) change clossing pressure size, repeat step (7)-(9), obtain the different clossing pressure condition lower support grain fluidized critical flow velocities in agent sand post edge and duct, discontinuous sanding crack rate changing value.
Claims (5)
1. a discontinuous sanding crack seam inner support agent sand group erosion evaluating apparatus, it is characterized in that: primarily of fluid reservoir (1), gas-holder (2), fluid reservoir valve (3), gas-holder valve (4), constant flow pump (5), flowmeter (7), line heating jacket (6), erosion district cavity (19), displacement transducer (11), hydropress (12), grit collection device (13), waste liquid tank (14), number adopts control panel (15) and computing machine (16) composition, described erosion district cavity (19) is by upper piston (17), lower piston (18) is consisted of O-ring seal (19) and erosion district cavity (19) cavity, described upper piston (17), lower piston (18) are connected with hydropress (12), it is the laid district of propping agent sand post between piston interior surface, cavity (19) two ends, described erosion district are respectively feed pathway (22), liquid outlet channel (24), described feed pathway (22) connects liquid inlet joint (25), flowmeter (7), line heating jacket (6) and constant flow pump (5) successively, described liquid outlet channel (24) connects fluid joint (26), grit collection device (13), waste liquid tank (14) successively, described liquid inlet joint (25) and fluid joint (26) are fixed by fastening bolt and cavity (19) cavity two ends, erosion district, utilize packing washer to realize gluing, sealing, institute's displacement sensors (11) is connected with hydropress (12), described constant flow pump (5), line heating jacket (6), flowmeter (7), temperature sensor, displacement transducer (11) are all adopted control panel (15) with number and are connected, and number is adopted control panel (15) and is connected with computing machine (16).
2. one according to claim 1 discontinuous sanding crack seam inner support agent sand group erosion evaluating apparatus, is characterized in that: described upper piston (17) and lower piston (18) inside surface are non-homogeneous etching wall.
3. one according to claim 1 discontinuous sanding crack seam inner support agent sand group erosion evaluating apparatus, is characterized in that: it is hydraucone runner that described feed pathway (22) connects in liquid inlet joint (25).
4. one according to claim 1 discontinuous sanding crack seam inner support agent sand group erosion evaluating apparatus, is characterized in that: it is circular flow channel that described liquid outlet channel (24) connects in fluid joint (26).
5. the method for testing of discontinuous sanding crack seam inner support agent sand group according to claim 1 erosion evaluating apparatus, comprises the following steps:
(1) proppant particles under setting duct, crack rate and sanding concentration conditions is taken;
(2) open upper piston (17), lower piston (18), utilize propping agent sand post shaping dies at the laid formation in the laid district of propping agent sand post discontinuous propping agent sand post;
(3) load upper piston (17) and lower piston (18), utilize O-ring seal (19) to complete sealing;
(4) hydropress (12) is used to load first closure pressure;
(5) close gas-holder valve (4), open fluid reservoir valve (3) and constant flow pump (5), make to be full of test fluid flow in test line and erosion district cavity (19) with lowest displacement displacement;
(6) load displacement transducer (11), hydropress (12) is loaded on design clossing pressure, start-up simulation machine (16), input experiment parameter;
(7) start line heating jacket (6), regulate constant flow pump (5) to inject test fluid flow by design discharge size, all experimental datas are adopted control panel (15) by number and are transferred to computing machine (16);
(8) increase test fluid flow flow velocity step by step, occur sand grains to grit collection device (13), obtain the grain fluidized critical flow velocity in certain clossing pressure condition support agent sand post edge;
(9) after being completed under single-stage clossing pressure and critical flow velocity condition, open erosion district cavity (19) upper and lower piston (18), record propping agent sand post laid district inner support agent sand cylindricality state duct, discontinuous sanding crack rate changing value under calculating certain clossing pressure and fluid erosion effect;
(10) change clossing pressure size, repeat step (7), (8), (9), obtain the different clossing pressure condition lower support grain fluidized critical flow velocity in agent sand post edge and duct rate changing value.
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| CN201510880674.XA CN105510165B (en) | 2015-12-04 | 2015-12-04 | Erosion evaluation device and testing method for proppant sand clusters in discontinuous sand paving crack |
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| CN106018144A (en) * | 2016-06-02 | 2016-10-12 | 河南天祥新材料股份有限公司 | Laminating support agent frictional wear tester and laminating support agent frictional wear device |
| CN106869898A (en) * | 2017-03-30 | 2017-06-20 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Simulate the device and method of complex fracture sanding |
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