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All Journal JSEH (Jurnal Sosial Ekonomi dan Humaniora) Jurnal IUS (Kajian Hukum dan Keadilan) HUKUMAH: Jurnal Hukum Islam JURNAL ILMIAH ADVOKASI SIGn Jurnal Hukum BERDAYA: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat JURNAL USM LAW REVIEW Mahadi : Indonesia Journal of Law
Zainal Abidin Pakpahan
Program Studi Magister Ilmu Hukum Fakultas Hukum Universitas Sumatera Utara
Religion Humanities Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Environmental Science Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Public Health Social Sciences Other

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PELAKSANAAN PEMILIHAN UMUM SERENTAK PADA PEMILIHAN PRESIDEN DAN WAKIL PRESIDEN, ANGGOTA DPR, ANGGOTA DPD, DAN ANGGOTA DPRD SEBAGAI IMPLEMENTASI PELAKSANAAN SISTEM DEMOKRASI PANCASILA (Suatu Kajian Terhadap Format Sistem Pemilu Indonesia Ke Depan Yang Tepat Dalam Hubungannya Dengan Sistem Predisensiil Yang Dianut di Indonesia) Pakpahan, Zainal Abidin
JURNAL SOSIAL EKONOMI DAN HUMANIORA Vol 5, No 2 (2019): JURNAL SOSIAL EKONOMI DAN HUMANIORA
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jseh.v5i2.60

Abstract

Kedaulatan rakyat sebagai cerminan demokrasi di Indonesia menekankan bahwa rakyat harus secara langsung untuk memilih DPR, DPD, Presiden dan Wakil Presiden dan DPRD Kabupaten/Kota yang dilaksanakan oleh Komisi Pemilihan Umum (KPU) sebagai komisi negara independen (independent regulatory agencies) merupakan lembaga negara yang menyelenggarakan Pemilihan Umum di Indonesia yang ditegaskan dalam Pasal 22E UUD 1945 yang kemudian diatur lebih lanjut dengan beberapa peraturan Perundang-undangan. Sebagai akibat dari berbagai persoalan dalam penyelenggaraan Pemilu dan Pemilukada dalam satu dekade terakhir, muncul berbagai pendapat agar sistem Pemilu kembali di evaluasi, dengan alasan agar efektifitas sistem Presidensial dan efisiensi penyelenggaraan Pemilu Nasional perlu untuk digabung. Terkait hal ini, Mahkamah Konstitusi Melalui Putusannya tersebut Nomor 14/PUU-XI/2013 telah memutuskan Pemilihan Presiden dan Wakil Presiden dilaksanakan secara serentak dengan Pemilu anggota DPR, DPD dan DPRD. Demikian pula dengan pemilihan Kepala Daerah dan wakil kepala daerah, juga diusulkan untuk diselenggarakan secara serentak.            Salah satu dari lima kesepakatan dasar Perubahan UUD 1945 adalah mempertegas sistem pemerintahan presidensial. Penyelenggaraan Pileg dan Pilpres secara serentak merupakan bagian dari rancangan sistem pemerintahan Presidensial yang ingin lebih dipertegas. Dalam norma “presidential threshold”, yaitu batas ambang seseorang dinyatakan sebagai Presiden terpilih pada sistem Pemilu dalam UUD 1945 diatur dalam Pasal 6A ayat (3), bukan pada ayat (2), yang menyatakan bahwa “Pasangan calon Presiden dan Wakil Presiden yang mendapatkan suara lebih dari lima puluh persen dari jumlah suara dalam pemilihan umum dengan sedikitnya dua puluh persen suara di setiap Provinsi yang tersebar di lebih dari setengah jumlah Provinsi di Indonesia, dilantik menjadi Presiden dan Wakil Presiden”. Adapun Pasal 6A Ayat (2) UUD 1945 berbunyi “Pasangan calon Presiden dan Wakil Presiden diusulkan oleh partai politik atau gabungan partai politik peserta pemilihan umum sebelum pelaksanaan pemilihan umum”. Pasal ini menegaskan bahwa kriteria partai politik atau gabungan partai politik yang berhak mengusulkan pasangan calon Presiden dan Wakil Presiden adalah partai politik yang dinyatakan sebagai peserta pemilihan umum, tanpa embel-embel persyaratan ambang batas lainnya. Padahal MK tidak pernah mengharuskan dilakukannya sistem proporsional terbuka. dimana MK hanya menghilangkan syarat 30 persen Bilangan Pemilih Pembagi (BPP) yang ada pada UU Nomor 10 Tahun 2008 tentang Pemilu Legislatif. Dalam Pasal 214 menyebutkan bahwa anggota DPR terpilih ditetapkan berdasarkan urutan suara terbanyak di antara calon-calon legislatif yang memperoleh suara 30 persen atau lebih dari BPP. Syarat 30 persen itu, dibatalkan oleh MK karena dianggap tidak adil dan menimbulkan ketidakpastian bagi para pemilih. Kemudian idealnya Pemilu serentak 2019 yang akan datang dilaksanakan dalam dua tahap yaitu Pemilu Nasional dan Pemilu Daerah atau Lokal. Pemilihan Presiden, Wakil Presiden, DPR, DPD, DPRD Provinsi dengan pemilihan DPRD Kabupaten/kota sudah berbeda. Maka, wajar jika Pemilu serentak 2019 dibagi atas Pemilu Nasional serta Pemilu daerah atau lokal. Pemilu untuk memilih anggota DPR, DPD, Presiden dan Wakil Presiden masuk ke Pemilu Nasional. Setelah itu diikuti oleh pemilihan anggota DPRD Provinisi, Kabupaten/kota. Ini kan jelas dari segi institusi itu terpisah dari sebelumnya. Pengaturan pelaksanaan Pemilu Nasional dan lokal pada Pemilu serentak 2019 tersebut bisa saja dijadikan norma dalam UU Pemilu kedepannya. Hal ini juga perlu pengujian di Mahkamah Konsitusi, agar MK memiliki ruang untuk memberikan interprestasi baru untuk Pemilu Nasional dan Pemilu lokal. Sehingga dengan sistem pembagian ini agenda Nasional di tingkat pusat akan lebih mudah diikuti di tingkat daerah.  Jika keduanya digabungkan, maka dibutuhkan tenaga ekstra dalam pelaksanaanya Pemilihan Umum secara serentak tersebut
KEBERADAAN PEKERJA DISABILITAS DALAM PANDANGAN HAK ASASI MANUSIA Pakpahan, Zainal Abidin
Jurnal Ilmiah Advokasi Vol 9, No 1 (2021): Jurnal Ilmiah Advokasi
Publisher : FH Universitas Labuhanbatu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36987/jiad.v9i1.2081

Abstract

Indonesia as a democratic country which has the freedom to enjoy its life legally must be protected, including disabilities, so that part of the constitutional right as regulated in Article 28 I paragraph (2) of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. Persons with disabilities are far from the government's attention in accommodating their rights so that people with disabilities are often marginalized by other groups so that they are less confident in expression by social interaction with other communities so that their existence is still far from a sense of security and protection legally even though they are rights human rights with disabilities must be treated equally and equally, which should be treated specifically because they have physical limitations, this means that the existence of persons with disabilities can have legal protection. prevailed. The problems in this regard, first, how is the existence of persons with disabilities in human rights, and legal protection in an effort to fulfill their rights. This study is a normative legal study aimed at finding and formulating legal arguments, through analysis of the subject matter. The technique of collecting legal materials is carried out by literature study. The approach used in this research is the statute approach, which is by examining the applicable legal rules relating to disabilities. This research concludes that the government seems still far from fulfilling the rights of persons with disabilities in human rights to obtain government understanding into multiple interpretations that can harm human rights with disabilities.Keywords: Existence, Disability, Human Rights
PELAKSANAAN QANUN SYARIAT ISLAM TERHADAP TATANAN NEGARA DALAM PEMERINTAHAN DI ACEH Pakpahan, Zainal Abidin; Irianti, Fitriani; Listina, Listina; Khairani, Lela
HUKUMAH: Jurnal Hukum Islam Vol 7, No 1 (2024): HUKUMAH
Publisher : STAI Tuanku Tambusai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55403/hukumah.v7i1.662

Abstract

Aceh sebagai daerah yang berada di wilayah Indonesia memiliki kewenangan khusus dan dapat melaksanakan tatanan pemerintahan berdasarkan Syariat Islam. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui pelaksanaan Qanun Syariat Islam dalam tatanan Pemerintahan di Aceh. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum normatif, sumber data penelitian adalah kepustakaan melalui bahan primer, bahan hukum sekunder, dan bahan hukum tersier, teknik penelitian ini adalah penelitian kepustakaan (library research), dan teknik analisis yaitu analisis kualitatif, analisis secara kualitatif dimaksudkan bahwa analisis tidak tergantung dari jumlah berdasarkan angka-angka, melainkan data dalam bentuk kalimat-kalimat melalui pendekatan yuridis normatif. Sehingga hasil penelitian ini yaitu makna Qanun di Aceh tidaklah sama dengan Perda, karena isi dari Qanun haruslah berdasarkan pada asas keislaman atau tidak boleh bertentangan dengan syar’iat Islam. Akan tetapi dalam hal hirarki hukum Indonesia tetap sesuai dengan ketentuan UU No 11 Tahun 2012 tentang pembentukan Peraturan Perundang-undangan, yang pada eksistensinya kedudukan Qanun dipersamakan dengan Perda didaerah lainnya yang berada di Indonesia.
Implementation of the State of Law Principles from the Constitutional Law Perspective: A Case Study of Legislative Aspects in Law Enforcement in Indonesia Pakpahan, Zainal Abidin; Yasmin, Ananda Sabillah; Safitri, Indri Tiya; Nainggolan, Elian S Christoper; Nasution, Thorique Akbar Maulana
Mahadi: Indonesia Journal of Law Vol. 3 No. 01 (2024): Edisi Februari 2024
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/mah.v3i01.15452

Abstract

The Fourth Amendment to the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, enacted in 2002, officially established the concept of the State of Law, or "Rechtsstaat," which was previously only mentioned in the Explanation of the 1945 Constitution. This concept was solidified in Article 1, paragraph (3), which states, "The State of Indonesia is a State of law." This study utilizes a normative legal research method, focusing on document analysis using various secondary data sources such as legal literature, court decisions, legal doctrines, and expert opinions. The research's analysis centers on the implementation of the rule of law principles within the constitutional framework, with a specific focus on legislation and law enforcement in Indonesia, particularly in the legislative domain. Despite efforts to reform legislation, there are still deficiencies in the legislative process that may hinder the effective implementation of the rule of law principles. Some challenges include inconsistencies in laws, the intricate nature of the legislative process, and potential political interventions that could compromise the independence of legislative bodies.
Implications of the Constitutional Court Decision Number 91/Puu-Xviii/2020 Toward Job Creation Law in The Mineral and Coal Mining Sector Lelisari, Lelisari; Tanjung, Ridho Aulia; Pakpahan, Zainal Abidin; Imawanto, Imawanto; Hamdi, Hamdi
Jurnal IUS Kajian Hukum dan Keadilan Vol. 10 No. 3: December 2022 : Jurnal IUS Kajian Hukum dan Keadilan
Publisher : Magister of Law, Faculty of Law, University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/ius.v10i3.1132

Abstract

This study aims to analyze and examine the juridical implications of the decision of Constitutional Court Number 91/PUU XVII/2020 on the job creation law in the mineral and coal mining sector. The research method used is a normative legal research method with approach legislation. The results illustrate that the juridical implication of the Job Creation Act in the mineral and coal mining sector is that in its decision the Constitutional Court stated that the Job Creation Act was still valid as long as the law-makers made improvements in the procedures for establishing Job Creation Law. In this case, the Constitutional Court has given two years for the legislators to revise the procedure for the formation of the Job Creation Law since the decision was pronounced. If no improvements are made, the Law can be declared unconstitutional permanently. Thus, if Law Number 11 of 2020 concerning job creation is unconstitutional, namely permanently removing coal incentive opportunities, the elimination of coal incentive opportunities must indeed be carried out due to the targets of coal utilization in Article 128A, not power optimization towards clean energy and will increase the portion of coal in the national energy mix and overall will systematically overlap with climate adaptation and mitigation targets and programs as well as the Articles in the Job Creation Act are also infiltrated by the interests of mining and dirty energy businesses.
Pencegahan dan Penanganan Kekerasan Seksual Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 12 Tahun 2022 di Desa Perkebunan Labuhan Haji Pakpahan, Zainal Abidin; Risdalina, Risdalina; M, Indra Kumalasari; Hakim, Abdul; Siahaan, Nimrot
BERDAYA: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Vol 6 No 3 (2024)
Publisher : LPMP Imperium

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36407/berdaya.v6i3.1385

Abstract

The term "violence" refers to actions that are forceful, ruthless, or cruel, whether physically, psychologically, economically, through threats, or as sexual violence, often based on gender. Sexual violence frequently occurs due to inherent desires and various factors that trigger such behavior. The impact is not only on the direct victims but also on children, who can become victims or perpetrators. Law Number 12 of 2022 on the Prevention and Handling of Sexual Violence aims to address and prevent sexual violence, particularly against women and children. In Desa Perkebunan Labuhan Haji, a socialization event was held on June 13, 2024, attended by 30 participants, including the Village Head, village officials, neighborhood officials, religious leaders, community leaders, and students. The outcome of this event demonstrated that the community increasingly understands the importance of preventing sexual violence and its legal consequences. Early prevention efforts are crucial to avoid sexual violence and ensure that perpetrators are penalized according to the applicable regulations.
Peninjauan Kembali terhadap Putusan Praperadilan: Analisis Kritis Kewenangan dan Pengaruhnya Simamora, Sahat; Pakpahan, Zainal Abidin; Toni, Toni
SIGn Jurnal Hukum Vol 6 No 2: Oktober 2024 - Maret 2025
Publisher : CV. Social Politic Genius (SIGn)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37276/sjh.v6i2.367

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the legal authority related to filing for Judicial Review against Pretrial Rulings and its implications for the enforcement of justice in Indonesia. The study employs a normative legal research method with a statute approach. The collected legal materials are then analyzed qualitatively to describe the issues and address the research objectives. The research findings indicate that the authority to file for Judicial Review against Pretrial Rulings is a complex legal issue. Although Law Number 8 of 1981 does not explicitly provide for it, there are legal grounds that allow for such Judicial Review to be pursued. Suspects, Legal Advisor, and Prosecutors are the legal subjects authorized to file for Judicial Review. However, implementing Judicial Review against Pretrial Rulings still faces several challenges, particularly concerning public understanding and accessibility to the justice system. The Decision of Judicial Review on Pretrial Rulings has broad implications, not only affecting the fate of the individuals involved in the case but also contributing significantly to the protection of human rights, legal certainty, and improving the quality of law enforcement in Indonesia. The Supreme Court has a crucial role in providing clear and comprehensive guidelines regarding the technical implementation of Judicial Review against Pretrial Rulings, whether through the issuance of jurisprudence, a Circular of the Supreme Court, or reform of criminal procedural law. Reforming the procedure for filing for Judicial Review, which includes simplifying the procedure, intensifying public awareness campaigns, and optimizing the role of legal aid institutions, becomes crucial in enhancing access to justice and the protection of human rights.
Jerat Hutang: Analisis Putusan Nomor 612/Pid.B/2023/PN Rhl Tentang Kejahatan terhadap Kemerdekaan Orang Khoiri, Syahid Al; Pakpahan, Zainal Abidin; Toni, Toni
SIGn Jurnal Hukum Vol 6 No 2: Oktober 2024 - Maret 2025
Publisher : CV. Social Politic Genius (SIGn)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37276/sjh.v6i2.374

Abstract

This research aims to analyze Decision Number 612/Pid.B/2023/PN Rhl concerning the crime of kidnapping as a crime against personal freedom motivated by debt issues. This normative legal research employs a statute approach and a case study. Data analysis uses a qualitative content analysis to describe the issues and answer the research objectives. The research results indicate that Decision Number 612/Pid.B/2023/PN Rhl explicitly criminalizes acts of deprivation of liberty committed to resolving debt problems. The Panel of Judges’ considerations highlight the psychological impact of trauma on the victim as an aggravating factor, while the Defendants’ remorse and attempts at reconciliation serve as mitigating factors. Nevertheless, this act of kidnapping remains an ordinary offence whose legal process cannot be overridden by agreements between the parties. The implications of this decision provide a comprehensive understanding of the boundaries that must not be violated in debt collection. Thus, Decision Number 612/Pid.B/2023/PN Rhl contributes to creating a just and equitable legal climate and provides guaranteed protection of human rights in the context of debt collection.
JUSTICE AND LEGAL CERTAINTY AS A MANIFESTATION IN THE CONTEXT OF CONSTITUTIONAL LAW Pakpahan, Zainal Abidin
Jurnal Ilmiah Advokasi Vol 13, No 1 (2025): Jurnal Ilmiah Advokasi
Publisher : Universitas Labuhanbatu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36987/jiad.v13i1.7179

Abstract

This journal aims to explore and analyze the relationship between justice and legal certainty in the context of Indonesian constitutional law. Using normative juridical methods, this study identifies the challenges faced in realizing both concepts amidst complex social and political dynamics. The formulation of the problem that arises in this study is about how the relationship between justice and legal certainty in the constitutional law system and what are the challenges faced in realizing justice and legal certainty in Indonesia. The results of the study indicate that community involvement in the legal process and institutional strengthening are key factors in achieving equitable justice. In addition, this study emphasizes the need for more effective legal aid programs and active citizen participation in legal decision-making. These findings are expected to provide valuable insights for the development of more inclusive and equitable legal policies in Indonesia, as well as encouraging the creation of a more democratic society. Keywords: Justice, Certainty, Law, Order, State
Tantangan Kepolisian dalam Penanggulangan Tindakan Premanisme pada Kejahatan Jalanan (Street Crime) Tauhid, Hendri; Pakpahan, Zainal Abidin; Siahaan, Nimrot
JURNAL USM LAW REVIEW Vol. 7 No. 2 (2024): AUGUST
Publisher : Universitas Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26623/julr.v7i2.9209

Abstract

TThe study aims to determine the factors that cause street thuggery, performance and obstacles of the Police in overcoming street crime thuggery in the Labuhanbatu Police Region. Street thuggery is the urgency of this research because of the rise of crimes such as illegal parking, robbery and extortion. This type of research is descriptive analysis obtained from primary and secondary data. Data collection techniques through interviews, documentation and reading journal, scientific books, laws and regulations and other sources related to the object of research. Data analysis with a qualitative approach. The results of the study stated that crime in Labuhanbatu Regency increased in illegal parking crime by 87-888 cases and robbery by 41-48. Factors that cause crime are environment, economy, education. Police performance in tackling thuggery with preventive and repressive efforts. While the obstacles experienced by the police in tackling acts of thuggery are in terms of legal substance including the low penalties contained in the law. In terms of legal structure, namely the lack of adequate facilities and infrastructure in carrying out tasks such as transportation aids so that it is difficult to track down perpetrators who are outside the region. Meanwhile, in terms of legal culture, the obstacle experienced by the police is the lack of public awareness of the law. The conclusion of the research is that legal consequences must be applied more to illegal parking crimes that have an impact on community unrest so that police performance in patrols must be improved.Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor penyebab terjadinya tindakan premanisme jalanan, kinerja dan kendala Kepolisian dalam penanggulangan tindakan premanisme kejahatan jalanan di Wilayah Polres Labuhanbatu. Premanisme jalanan menjadi urgensi penelitian ini dilaksanakan karena maraknya kejahatan seperti parkir liar, perampokan dan pemerasan. Jenis penelitian deskriptif analisis yang diperoleh dari data primer dan sekunder. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, dokumentasi dan membaca jurnal, buku ilmiah, peraturan perundang-undangan dan sumber lainnya yang berhubungan dengan objek penelitian. Analisis data dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian dinyatakan bahwa kejahatan di Kabupaten Labuhanbatu terjadinya peningkatan kejahatan parkir liar sebanyak 87-888 kasus dan perampokan sebanyak 41-48. Faktor-faktor penyabab kejatahan yaitu lingkungan, ekonomi, pendidikan. Kinerja Kepolisian dalam menanggulangi tindakan premanisme dengan upaya preventif dan represif. Sedangkan kendala yang dialami oleh kepolisian dalam menanggulangi tindakan premanisme yaitu segi substansi hukum meliputi rendahnya hukuman yang terdapat dalam undang-undang. Segi struktur hukum yaitu kurangnya sarana dan prasarana yang memadai dalam melaksanakan tugas seperti alat bantu tranportasi sehingga sulitnya melacak pelaku yang berada diluar wilayah. Sedangkan dari segi budaya hukum kendala yang dialami oleh kepolisian yaitu kurangnya kesadaran masyarakat terhadap hukum. Kesimpulan penelitian bahwa konsekuensi hukum harus lebih diterapkan kepada kejahatan parkir liar yang berdampak pada keresahan masyarakat sehingga kinerja polisi dalam patroli harus ditingkatkan lagi.
Co-Authors Abdul Hakim Hamdi Hamdi IMAWANTO, IMAWANTO Irianti, Fitriani Khairani, Lela Khoiri, Syahid Al LELISARI, LELISARI Listina, Listina M, Indra Kumalasari Nainggolan, Elian S Christoper Nasution, Thorique Akbar Maulana Safitri, Indri Tiya Siahaan, Nimrot Simamora, Sahat Tanjung, Ridho Aulia Tauhid, Hendri Toni, Toni Veithzal Rivai Zainal Yasmin, Ananda Sabillah