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Chemical qualitative analysis and spf value stability of nutmeg seed oil in microemulsions with tween 80 and PEG 400 as surfactants and cosurfactants Ayu Shabrina; Erika Indah Safitri; Risha Fillah Fithria; Misbahul Munir; Sumantri Sumantri
Pharmaciana Vol 12, No 1 (2022): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1034.753 KB) | DOI: 10.12928/pharmaciana.v12i1.21997

Abstract

Nutmeg oil contains α-pinene, which can be used as sunscreen. The combination of Tween 80 and PEG 400 can maintain the stability of nutmeg oil microemulsion. This research was a follow-up study that aims to determine the stability of the SPF value and qualitative chemical content of nutmeg seed oil microemulsions (NSM). NSM was made with a nutmeg seed oil concentration of 6.4% and tween 80 and PEG 400 as surfactants and cosurfactants with variations in the ratio of F1 (5: 4), F2 (6: 4), and F3 (7: 4). Nutmeg seed oil and NSM content was analyzed using GC-MS. NSM formula were tested for in vitro SPF value stability by storing NSM in a climatic chamber at 30 °C ± 2 °C with RH 65 % ± 5 % for 4 weeks. The SPF values were calculated every week. GC-MS data were analyzed descriptively and data of SPF value stability were analyzed statistically using one way ANOVA. The GC-MS results of nutmeg seed oil showed 35 components, including significant compounds, namely α-pinene, sabinene, β-phellandrene and also α-terpinolene. GC-MS results of NSM showed those significant compounds were still detected after being formulated in microemulsion. The results of the sunscreen activity test of NSM before storage were 10.31 ± 0.03 (F1); 10.47 ± 0.07 (F2); 10.45 ± 0.03 (F3) and did not show significant change after storage for 4 weeks (p > 0.05). The SPF values of NSM were categorized in maximum activity. 
ANTITHROMBOCYTOPENIA ACTIVITY OF PEANUT SHELL (Arachis hypogea L.) EXTRACT AND INFUSA ON HEPARIN INDUCED BALB/C MICE risha fillah fithria; Ririn Lispita Wulandari; Devi Nisa Hidayati; Pia Annisa; Nilam Eka Putri
Jurnal Tumbuhan Obat Indonesia Vol 12 No 1 (2019): Jurnal Tumbuhan Obat Indonesia
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Obat dan Obat Tradisional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (895.35 KB) | DOI: 10.22435/jtoi.v12i1.1266

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ABSTRACT Certain group of people empirically use peanut shell stew in the treatment of thrombocytopenia due to dengue fever. The active compounds suspected to play a role in the activity of thrombocytopenia from peanut shell are flavonoids. Flavonoids can be extracted using heat and cold methods. This study aims to determine the antithrombocytopenia activity of peanut shell extract and infusa on heparin induced Balb/C mice. This study is an experimental research with randomized matched pre and postest control group design. Peanut shell extraction was done in a cool way by maseration using 70% ethanol solvent, and hot way by infundation using aquadest solvent. Forty-eight Balb/C mice were divided into 8 groups consisting of control group CMC Na 0.5 mL/20gBW/day, control group aquadest 0,5mL/20gBW/day, 3 groups of peanut shell ethanol extract (0.019, 0.038, and 0.076) g/20gBW/day, and 3 groups of peanut shell infusa (0.026, 0.052; 0.104) g/20gBW/day. All treatments were given orally. The decrease of platelet count in Balb/C mice using 26 UI/20gBW subcutan heparin induction. The measurement of the platelet count is performed by taking blood samples in the lateral veins of the tail. Platelet counts data before and after treatment was tested with dependent T-test. Differences in platelet increases across the groups were tested by 2 way anova and continued with a LSD test with 95% confidence level. The results showed that peanut shell ethanol extract had better antitrombocytopenia activity than peanut shell infusa.
Uji Potensi Antijerawat Secara In Vitro dan Ex Vivo dari Ekstrak Etanol Herba Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) Erika Indah Safitri; Risha Fillah Fithria; Eko Wahyu Saputro; Danang Yogo Wijaya
JURNAL ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA Vol 19 No 2 (2021): JIFI
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Pancasila

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35814/jifi.v19i2.1027

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Propionibacterium acnes is one of the bacteria that causes acne. Acne problems can be controlled with herbal plants, namely alfalfa herbs. The content of flavonoids in alfalfa herb is efficacious as an antiacne. This study aimed to determine the total flavonoid content and to test the potency of alfalfa herb ethanol extract (AHEE) as an antiacne in vitro and ex vivo induced by Propionibacterium acnes. Determination of total flavonoid levels using the spectrophotometer method with quercetin comparison. Test of alfalfa herbs ethanol extract by in vitro using disk diffusion method in concentration series 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, and 80%. Meanwhile, test of extract by ex vivo using rabbits induced Propionibacterium acnes bacteria intradermally in 3 optimal concentration from in vitro test (50%, 60%, dan 70%). The parameter of test in the form of zone inhibition and percentage reduction in erythema diameter. Ethanol extract of alfalfa herbs contains total flavonoids of 2,323 mgQE/g. All ethanol extract of alfalfa herbs test concentrations had antibacterial activity against P. acnes with an average diameter of the respective iradic inhibitory area 14,60 mm; 14,89 mm; 15,56 mm; 16,52 mm; and 18,59 mm. The average percentage reduction in erythema diameter by ex vivo on ethanol extract of alfalfa herbs (50%, 60%, and 70%) were 48.70%, 48.26%, and 54.09%, respectively.
FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE THE LEVEL OF COMPLIANCE WITH ARV IN PEOPLE WITH HIV / AIDS AT GENERAL HOSPITAL TUGUREJO AND PANTI WILASA CITARUM HOSPITAL SEMARANG Risha Fillah Fithria; Achmad Purnomo; zullies Ikawati
JURNAL MANAJEMEN DAN PELAYANAN FARMASI (Journal of Management and Pharmacy Practice) Vol 1, No 2
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jmpf.41

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Cases of HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus)/AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome) in Indonesiahas increased. Overall, the city of Semarang is ranked first the number of cases of HIV/AIDS in Central Java. Anincreasing number of HIV cases is significant and increasing number of HIV sufferers turn to enter the stage ofAIDS may be caused due to poor adherence in the treatment of ARV (Anti Retro Viral). This study aims to determinethe factors that influence the level of compliance with ARV treatment significantly in people living with HIV at RSUDTugurejo Semarang and RSU Panti Wilasa Citarum Semarang. This research is a non experimental cross sectional study design. Data was collected using questionnaires,monthly drug card, and patient medical records. The data were analyzed statistically using the method of simple correlation (bivariate correlation), ie, Kendall's tau-b.Research found 34 people of respondents who have the level of compliance with ARV treatment >95%, 10people of 90-95%, and 5 people of 80-89%. Factors that influence the level of compliance with ARV treatmentsignificantly in people living with HIV at RSUD Tugurejo Semarang and RSU Panti Wilasa Citarum Semarang is afactor of patients is age (p=0.018), complaints (hallucinations, diarrhea, decreased appetite (p=0.049)), depression(p=0.049), saturated length of treatment (p=0.007), and the fear of bad outlook of people around (p=0.002), felt hishealth condition worsened (p=0.005); factor of opportunistic infection is the number of drugs taken more andmore and feel conditions are getting worse (p=0.049); resistance factor is the distance from home to hospital(p=0.001), transport equipment difficult (p=0.019), transport costs are not affordable (p=0.006); and health servicefactor is support health workers (p=0.002). Keywords: HIV/AIDS, adherence, RSUD Tugurejo, RSU Panti Wilasa Citarum
Rasionalitas Terapi Antibiotik Pada Pasien Diare Akut Anak Usia 1-4 Tahun Di Rumah Sakit Banyumanik Semarang Tahun 2013 Risha Fillah Fithria; Akroman Rohmat Di’fain
PHARMACY: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia (Pharmaceutical Journal of Indonesia) Jurnal Pharmacy, Vol. 12 No. 02 Desember 2015
Publisher : Pharmacy Faculty, Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

ABSTRAK Beberapa penelitian membuktikan kejadian terapi antibiotik yang tidak rasional di berbagai tempat pelayanan kesehatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui rasionalitas terapi antibiotik pada pasien diare akut anak usia 1-4 tahun di Rumah Sakit Banyumanik Semarang tahun 2013, yang disesuaikan dengan standar WHO. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif. Data diperoleh dari rekam medik menggunakan metode retrospektif. Subyek penelitian yaitu pasien diare akut anak, usia 1-4 tahun yang mendapat terapi antibiotik, tanpa infeksi lain, serta menjalani rawat inap pada tahun 2013. Data dikelompokkan berdasarkan parameter tepat indikasi, obat, pasien, dan dosis, kemudian dibandingkan dengan standar World Health Organisation (WHO), selanjutnya dihitung persentase kerasionalan terhadap jumlah total pasien anak usia 1-4 tahun penderita diare akut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terapi antibiotik pada pasien diare akut anak usia 1-4 tahun di rumah sakit Banyumanik Semarang tahun 2013 tidak rasional. Kata kunci: antibiotik, diare akut anak, rasionalitas, RS Banyumanik Semarang, WHO. ABSTRACT Several studies have shown the incidence of unrationality antibiotic therapy in many health centers. This study aimed to determine the rationality of antibiotic therapy in acute diarrhea children aged 1-4 years in Banyumanik Semarang Hospital at 2013, which is adapted to WHO standard. This was a descriptive research. Data were obtained from medical records using the retrospective method. The subjects of the study were acute diarrhea children, aged 1-4 years who received antibiotic therapy, without other infections, as well as hospitalized at 2013. Data were grouped by parameter such as the right indication, drug, patients, and dose, then compared to WHO standard, and then the percentage of rationality to the total number of acute diarrhea children aged 1-4 years were been calculated. The result showed that antibiotic therapy in acute diarrhea children aged 1-4 years in Banyumanik Semarang hospital at 2013 was irrational. Key words: accute diarrhea children, antibiotic, Banyumanik Semarang Hospital, rationality, WHO.
THE ANTIHYPERPIGMENTATION EFFECT PARE LEAVES (Momordica charantia L.) ETHANOL EXTRACT ON GUINEA PIG (Cavia porcellus) SKIN Risha Fillah Fithria; Yance Anas; Febi Ariska Wahyu Putri
CENDEKIA EKSAKTA Vol 2, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Universitas Wahid Hasyim

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.3194/ce.v2i1.1797

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Hiperpigmentasi pada kulit telah terbukti dapat diatasi dengan ekstrak etanol daun pare (Momordica charantia L.) (EEDP) secara invitro. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan efek antihiperpigmentasi EEDP pada kulit Guinea pig (Cavia porcellus). Peneitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental dengan randomized matched post test only control group design. Proses ekstraksi menggunakan metode maserasi dengan cairan penyari etanol 70%. Dua puluh lima ekor Guinea pig dipapar sinar ultraviolet B 2 menit/hari selama 2 minggu, kemudian dibagi ke dalam 5 kelompok. Kelompok negatif diberi dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO); kelompok positif diberi krim farma yang mengandung hydroquinone 4%, tretinoin 0,05%, and fluocinolone acetonide 0,01%; serta kelompok perlakuan diberi EEDP 200, 400, and 600 ppm. Seluruh perlakuan diberikan sekali sehari selama 2 minggu kemudian dilakukan biopsi jaringan. Uji histopatologi dilakukan menggunakan pewarnaan fontana-masion dan nuclear fast red. Perbedaan jumlah melanin pada seluruh kelompok dianalisa menggunakan uji Kruskal Wallis, diikuti dengan Mann-Whitney dengan taraf kepercayaan 95%. Data menunjukkan bahwa EEDP terbukti mempunyai efek antihiperpigmentasi dan seluruh kelompok EEDP mempunyai efek yang lebih baik dibanding dengan sediaan krim farma.Kata Kunci : Antihiperpigmentasi, Daun Pare, Guinea pig, Melanin.
AKTIVITAS ANTIDIARE FRAKSI AIR EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN SALAM (Syzygium polyanthum (Wight.) Walp.) PADA MENCIT Kiki Damayanti; Risha Fillah Fithria; Rokhila Kamala Sari; Dewi Ratna Ningsih
Jurnal Ilmu Farmasi dan Farmasi Klinik Jurnal Ilmu Farmasi & Farmasi Klinik Vol 15 No 1 Juni 2018
Publisher : Universitas Wahid Hasyim Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (416.236 KB) | DOI: 10.31942/jiffk.v15i01.2172

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INTISARI  Beberapa penelitian membuktikan ekstrak dan infus daun salam sebagai antidiare. Fraksinasi dapat menyederhanakan senyawa dalam ekstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas fraksi air ekstrak etanol daun salam (FAEEDS) sebagai protektor diare yang diinduksi castor oil, antimotilitas usus, dan mengetahui keberadaan flavonoid dan tanin didalamnya. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental menggunakan randomized matched posttest only control group design. FAEEDS dosis 1, 2, dan 3 g/kgBB diberikan pada mencit secara per oral. Kelompok kontrol positif yang digunakan adalah loperamid HCl 0,5 mg/kgBB dan PGA 3% 25 ml/kgBB diberikan pada kelompok kontrol negatif. Satu jam kemudian, mencit diberi  castor oil secara per oral. Banyaknya feses cair dan tidak terbentuk yang terbentuk selama 4 jam diamati. Pengujian aktivitas antimotilitas dilakukan dengan memberikan suspensi norit 10% 10 ml/kgBB 45 menit setelah pemberian castor oil. Satu jam kemudian dilakukan pengukuran panjang usus yang dilalui marker norit dan panjang usus seluruhnya. Data banyaknya feses yang cair dan tidak berbentuk serta data rasio panjang usus yang dilalui norit diuji perbedaannya dengan uji Mann-Whitney dengan taraf kepercayaan 95%. Keberadaan flavonoid dan tanin diketahui melalui kromatografi lapis tipis.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan FAEEDS beraktivitas sebagai protektor diare dan antimotilitas usus pada semua dosis. Flavonoid dan tanin terkandung dalam FAEEDS.  Kata kunci: fraksi air, daun salam, protektor diare, antimotilitas, castor oil, loperamid HCl  ABSTRACT  Some research proves extracts and infusion of salam leaf as antidiarrheal. Fractination can simplify the compounds in the extract. The aim of this research is to know the diarrhea protector activity of water fraction of ethanol extract of salam leaf (WFEESL), the antimotility activity, and to verify the persence of flavonoids and tannins in the fraction. The research was an experimental study using randomized matched posttest only control group design. WFEESL doses 1, 2, and 3 g/kgBW were given to mice orally. The positive control group was given loperamide HCl 0.5 mg/kgBW. One hour later, each mouse was given 1 ml of castor oil orally. Observations were made on the weight of liquid and unformed stools that formed during 4 hours of observation. Ten percent of carbo adsorbent suspensian 10 ml/kgBW was given orally as marker to the mice in the group of antimotilily activity 45 minutes after castor oil. The parameter which measure was the length of intestinal which passed by carbo adsorbent compared with the whole intestinal length. The data analyzed by Kruskal Wallis test, continued with Mann Withney test, with 95% of confidence level. The presence of flavonoids and tannins are known by thin layer chromatography. The results showed that WFEESL exhibits protective diarrhea and antimotility activity at all doses. Flavonoids and tannins are contained in WFEESL.  Keywords: water fraction, salam leaves, diarrhea protector, antimotility, castor oil, loperamide HCl
PERBEDAAN HASIL EVALUASI PENGELOLAAN OBAT PUSKESMAS ISO DAN NON ISO KOTA SEMARANG TAHUN 2013 Risha Fillah Fithria; Ika Desti Pratiwi
Jurnal Ilmu Farmasi dan Farmasi Klinik JURNAL ILMU FARMASI DAN FARMASI KLINIK VOL.11 NO.2 DESEMBER 2014
Publisher : Universitas Wahid Hasyim Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (188.173 KB) | DOI: 10.31942/jiffk.v11i2.1364

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ABSTRACTEmptiness and breakage of drugs in health centers often leads to non ISO patient dissatisfaction, which might be due to non optimal medication management. This study was conducted to determine the differences of the evaluation result of drug management between ISO and non ISO health centers in Semarang at 2013.This type of research is analytic survey, with a sample of three of most visits ISO and non-ISO health centers and non-ISO. Retrospective data collection techniques along with free interview directed to drug manager. Materials and research tools were card stock, report morbidity data (LB1), recipes, and the inventory check. Data were evaluated every month used the indicators of the Ministry of Health of Indonesia in 2010 and were analyzed used independent sample t test and Mann Whitney.The result showed that there was difference of the evaluation result of drug management between ISO and non ISO health centers in Semarang at 2013 on indicator of available drugs item complies with DOEN (t <1.66691) and the percentage of generic drugs writing (t <1.66691).Keywords : Drug Management, ISO Health Centers, Non ISO Health Centers, Semarang City
PERBANDINGAN KUALITAS PELAYANAN INSTALASI FARMASI PASIEN BPJS RAWAT JALAN RUMAH SAKIT PEMERINTAH DAN SWASTA KOTA SEMARANG Risha Fillah Fithria; Umi Solikhawati
Jurnal Ilmu Farmasi dan Farmasi Klinik Jurnal Ilmu Farmasi & Farmasi Klinik Volume 12 No.2 Desember 2015
Publisher : Universitas Wahid Hasyim Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (223.949 KB) | DOI: 10.31942/jiffk.v12i2.1407

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7 ABSTRACT Currently there are many complaints against service quality of BPJS patients in pharmacy some hospitals. This study aimed to compare the service quality of BPJS outpatient pharmacy installation at government and and public private hospital Semarang in terms of five dimensions of SERVQUAL. This study was an analytic survey research with cross sectional study design. Sample was BPJS outpatient or patient's family who took the drug in one of the government hospital Semarang  (Tugurejo Hospital’s pharmacy) and one of the public private hospital Semarang (Sultan Agung Hospital’s pharmacy). The sampling technique used purposive sampling method, and used questionnaires to collect data. Expectations and performance scores had been analized used gap analysis and  Mann-Whitney test to compare the service quality of BPJS outpatient pharmacy installation at government and and public private hospital Semarang in terms of five dimensions of SERVQUAL The service quality that terms of five dimensions of SERVQUAL in both of two hospital’s pharmacy installation Semarang could not meet the expectations of BPJS outpatient yet. The biggest gap according to BPJS outpatient in Sultan Agung Hospital’s pharmacy and Tugurejo Hospital’s pharmacy Semarang was the dimension of responsiveness with value respectively -0.73 and -0.63. Dimension that has met the expectations of BPJS  outpatients Sultan Agung Hospital’s pharmacy was tangible dimension with value 0.03. There were significant differences between service quality of  BPJS outpatient pharmacy installation at government  and and public private hospital Semarang above tangible (p. 0,000), and reliability dimension (p. 0,000). Key words : Service quality, Tugurejo Hospital’s pharmacy, Sultan Agung Hospital’s pharmacy, BPJS outpatient, SERVQUAL
PERBEDAAN PENGARUH LAMA PENYIMPANAN LARUTAN SUSU BUBUK FULL CREAM DAN LARUTAN SUSU KENTAL MANIS TERHADAP KADAR GLUKOSA Risha Fillah Fithria; Agus Suprijono; Maywan Hariono
Jurnal Ilmu Farmasi dan Farmasi Klinik Jurnal Ilmu Farmasi & Farmasi Klinik Vol.9 No.2 Desember 2012
Publisher : Universitas Wahid Hasyim Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (67.167 KB) | DOI: 10.31942/jiffk.v9i2.863

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ABSTRACTMilk and the products which have expired usually be thrown by people immediately.However, those are still having lactose content even do not like as much as a fresh milk. Lactose content of milk and the expired products can be extracted and then hydrolized to yield glucose and galactose. The glucose content can be determined, so it will give information about ehancing value of expired milk that the glucose content can be developed furthermore to larger scale (industrial scale). This research was aimed to know influence of storage duration toward glucose content of fresh milk, full cream milk powder solution and sweet concentrate milk solution, and comparison of glucose content for each product. Research object was glucose content of fresh milk, full cream milk powder solution and sweet concentrate milk solution which was store for 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 days with gravimetric methode and determined by Friedman test; comparison of glucose content for each product determined by Anova because its distribution are normal and its variation are homogen, or by Kruskal-Wallis because its distribution are unnormal and its variation are unhomogen using SPSS version 15.0 with level of statistic confidence 99%. The result showed that the storage duration was influenced toward glucose content of fresh milk, full cream milk powder solution and sweet concentrate milk solution significantly and there are significance difference of glucose content for each products with the manipulation on storage duration.Key words : storage duration, glucose, fresh milk, full cream milk powder solution and sweet concentrate milk solution