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MODIFICATION NATURAL ZEOLIT BY PLANTING INHIBITOR OF Cu WITH BATCH METHOD AS RAW MATERIAL FOR ANTISEPTIC MEDICINE Fatimah, Dewi
Jurnal Zeolit Indonesia Vol 8, No 2 (2009)
Publisher : Jurnal Zeolit Indonesia

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Abstract

Natural zeolite can be develop as alternative raw materials pharmaceutical product, particularly as an absorbent of microbial pathogens and it is widely spread in almost province at Indonesia. The study conducted by modifying natural zeolite by planting inhibitor of Cu which functions as raw materials for medicine, especially as an antiseptic carrier. Process of planting Cu was conducted on Zeolite-H with variation stirring time of 2,4 6, and 8 hours at room temperature. Inhibitor planting process by batch methods was conducted on batch reactor. The result showed that purification process could be reduce a free oxides from Si, Al, Ti, Ca, and Fe which covered crystal structure and there is not occurred a peaks degradation of modernite and clinoptilolite on XRD diffractogram. Through SEM analysis can be seen form of modernite and clinoptilolite crystal that result of purification process more clearer. The EDX analysis showed that conversion to zeolite-Cu was successfully done and highest absorption of ASS at stirring time of 6 hours with concentration Cu of 299,5 ppm. Dynamic oligo antiseptic carrier test from zeolite-Cu was conducted on Candida albicans and Escherichia coli Growth. The media used were gel nutrient on various concentrations at incubation time of 30oC for 24-48 hours. The result showed that Zeolite-Cu can significantly reduce a Candida albicans and Escherichia coli growth.
MAKING OF NATURAL ZEOLITES AS STONE CERAMICS AT TEMPERATURE OF LESS THAN 1000OC Fatimah, Dewi
Jurnal Zeolit Indonesia Vol 5, No 2 (2006)
Publisher : Jurnal Zeolit Indonesia

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Abstract

Nowadays, ceramics world has been developing into what the interior, building exterior, industries and household. The quality and its ability made by certain specification which compatible with the structure, design and the function. For example, the building structure that usually has high humidity whether indoor or outdoor will need certain ceramics for the floor to keep on dry condition, unslippery, clean while fungus will not live. For that purpose stone ceramics that made by natural zeolite will has same characters as natural zeolite function such us absorb/release water reversibly, absorb smelt or volatile compound, molecular filter. The making of zeolite ceramic was done at certain burning temperature where natural structure of zeolite will not be destructed or collaps and forming amorphous compound. So the natural zeolite function will preserve. The development of composite is made from natural zeolite as the main ingredients which clay, kaolin, and feldspar are used as binders. In order to decrease burning temperature, natrium compound added into the composite and the experiment done at temperature 800-1000 oC with composite pressure between 50-100 kg/cm. the result of experiment indicate that on burning temperature 800oC whether with using SEM or XRD analysis, zeolite is in mordenite crystal form. Whereas at burning temperature 1000oC, the crystal structure of zeolite has been destructed and forming albit and calcian as new compound. The zeolite ceramics which formed at 800 oC, with pressure at 50 kg/cm has strong and compact characters with absorption ability up to 23%.
NATURAL ZEOLITES AS MANURE ADDITIVE: THE ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES Estiaty, Lenny Marilyn; Fatimah, Dewi; Suherman, Dadan; Alamsyah, Kamaludin
Jurnal Zeolit Indonesia Vol 4, No 1 (2005)
Publisher : Jurnal Zeolit Indonesia

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Abstract

Research has been done to evaluate the addition of zeolite to manure fertilizer. This research is aimed to review the advantages and disadvantages of zeolites as manure fertilizer additive. Investigation is carried out by different variables: zeolite particle size, zeolite concentration and curing time. The results show that zeolite particle sizes of –7 +10 mesh and –20 +48 mesh did not significantly different. Zeolite – compost mixture can dry very fast, just in 2 weeks curing time the residual water content is only 5-6%, while that on the controlled compost (without zeolite) is still 70%. Higher zeolite concentration will speed up the compost drying process. On the other hand, zeolite addition will increase the potassium content by 1.7–2% but it also increases NH3 volatilization, which will result in a lower N content. Higher zeolite concentration will give lower N content in the composite. It can be concluded that zeolite addition is suggested not applied to the fresh compost but just before the compost will be used in order to increase the nutrition efficiency.
NATURAL ZEOLITE FROM CIKANCRA, TASIKMALAYA: AMMONIUM ION STORE MEDIA FOR AMMONIUM SULPHATE FERTILIZER Estiaty, Lenny Marilyn; Fatimah, Dewi; Yunaeni, Irma
Jurnal Zeolit Indonesia Vol 3, No 2 (2004)
Publisher : Jurnal Zeolit Indonesia

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Abstract

Nitrogen fertilizer is one of the fertilizer type which is required for plant growth. This fertilizer is easily dissolved and the ions are not clay bonded, that it is often washed out by rain, evaporated or changed to other forms which can not be used by plants. In order to increase the efficiency of N-fertilizer, the loss of N must be minimized. In other hand, it is well known that natural zeolites have the capability as adsorbents and cation exchangers, such as for ammonium ion. Investigation has been carried out to analyze the capability of natural zeolite from Cikancra, Tasikmalaya to store ammonium ion from ammonium sulfate fertilizer. This research can be used to predict the quantity of zeolite to be added to the soil if we use ammonium sulfate fertilizer. The natural zeolite applied has been selected of the highest cation exchange capacity (CEC) value zeolite from various particle sizes and activation method. The highest CEC, of 150.92 meq/100g is gained by activation at 105oC of particle size –20 +48 mesh. The optimum CEC of natural zeolite against ammonium sulfate fertilizer is 146.11 meq/100g in 0.2 N (NH4)2SO4 solution. Therefore, the quantity of ammonium sulfate fertilizer (ZA), which can be stored in 100g zeolite is 19.306 g.
STUDY ON ALUMINA-SILICA-PHOSPHATE COMPOUND AS PROBLEM WATER TREATMENT: CASE STUDY OF SOIL WATER (BEKASI AND KARAWANG) Fatimah, Dewi
Jurnal Zeolit Indonesia Vol 4, No 2 (2005)
Publisher : Jurnal Zeolit Indonesia

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Abstract

Naturally, zeolite is a cation exchanger but this property is also depending on porosity, tetrahedral density and frame density. Cation exchange effectiveness can be changed by structure, Si/Al ratio and effective pore size. Tetrahedral group, T, in zeolite is negative charged and can be substituted isomorphycally by other group like PO2+. The new structure can be functioned as anion or cation exchanger. The exchange capacity of both ions depends on Si/Al/P ratio from the substitution process. The alumina-silica-phosphate (ASP) compound has been made from zeolite from Cikalong, Tasikmalaya, with ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADHP) with substitution rate between 30-40%. This product has been tested to Pantura groundwater, in Bekasi and Karawang areas, which have groundwater type of NaCl, CaCl2, MgSO4 and CaCl2/CaSO4. ASP tests on ground water samples show decreasing content of Ca, Mg, Na and K cations in ground water by 32.94%, 3.35%, 2.52% and 23.60% respectively. Sulphate anion also decreases by 15.39% but chloride anion shows no changes. Dig-up well of CaCl2 type also shows a reduction of Ca, Mg, Na and sulphate contents by 46.26%, 18.37%, 16.39% and 10.84%, respectively. Dig-up well of CaSO4 type shows Ca, K and sulphate contents decrease of 89.71%, 33.31% and 5.26%, respectively. CaSO4 dig-up well can be changed to Mg-mix type after processing by ASP compound. Cation exchange capacity of ASP compound to Ca is higher than to K, Mg and Na (Ca>K>Mg>Na). Due to a high cation exchange capacity to K and Mg, ASP compound may be used to reduce the hard water level.
Improvement of Animal Manure by Mixing with Natural Zeolite Estiaty, Lenny Marilyn; Fatimah, Dewi; Goto, Yoshiaki
Jurnal Zeolit Indonesia Vol 2, No 1 (2003)
Publisher : Jurnal Zeolit Indonesia

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Abstract

Nowadays, Indonesia suffer a serious economic crisis. The situation is mainly caused by national industrial development strategy which is depend on import materials, e.g. in agriculture . In the cases, the national need are depend on import fertilizer, so that makes the national food stock become decreasing. This research is designed to offer another alternative in preparing and producing own fertilizer that we need, to solve the problem. New compotition of Animal manure has been made by addition of natural zeolite to gain a high nitrogen content. Characterisation analysis of materials included chemical composition of natural zeolite and manure fertilizer using AAS and Kyedhal analysis, structure analysis by XRD and SEM and CEC. The result of experiments showed that addition of natural zeolite to excrement (animal waste) increased the content of nitrogen and decreased the content of water in manure fertilizer. Ammonia absorption by natural zeolite with particle size of either –8+14 or 14+20 mesh was almost similar. The nitrogen content of manure fertilizer which mixed with natural zeolite from kedung Banteng , Malang was bigger than that which mixed with natural zeolite from Cikancra, Tasikmalaya. The adsorbtion of water by natural zeolite of both particle sizes was also similar. Manure fertilizer which mixed with natural zeolite from Kedung Banteng was dryer than that which mixed with natural zeolite from Cikancra, Tasikmalaya. The improved animal manure has better properties like a high nitrogen content, dry and not malodorous.
EFFECT OF ZEOLITE AND CHICKEN MANURE ON NUTRIENT RESIDUE IN THE SOIL Estiaty, Lenny M.; Suwardi, Suwardi; Maruya, Ika; Fatimah, Dewi
Jurnal Zeolit Indonesia Vol 5, No 1 (2006)
Publisher : Jurnal Zeolit Indonesia

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Abstract

Fertilizer is one of nutrient sources that very important for increasing agricultural production besides improvement of soil properties by application of soil amendments such as zeolites and compost. Addition of zeolites increase the cation exchange capacity (CEC) and fertilizer effeciency while compost used as source organic matter and nutrients in the soil. Estiaty (2005) showed that application of 20 ton/ha zeolite and chicken manure compost 10 ton/ha with basal fertilizers of N, P, K 200 kg/ha respectively is the best dosage for Ipomoea reptans. From the second period showed that there was higher nutrient residue in the soil applied by zeolite and chicken manure compost. These facts were shown from better plant growth and production in the soil applied by zeolite in the second period. The objective of this experiment is to calculate the residue of nutrients from the application of zeolite and chicken manure in the first planting before. The experiment was conducted by application of N, P, and K fertilizers in different rates in the soils after using first planting with zeolite and chicken manure. Ipomoea reptans was used as indicator plant. Experiment was conducted in two stages; first planting such as Estiaty (2005) treatments following by second planting with N, P, K in different dosages. This experiment was conducted in green house of Cikabayan, IPB Darmaga Campus while soil and plant analysis was conducted in the laboratory of Department of Soil Science and Land Management. The result showed that zeolite and chicken manure increase the efficiency of N, P, K fertilizers in the second planting. In the second planting of Ipomoea reptans, the need of N, P, K fertilizers were only half of the first planting with the production of nearly the same. Application of zeolite and chicken manure was not only increase the efficiency of N but also increase the available of P and K in the soil.
STUDY ON AlUNINA SILICO-PHOSPHATE COMPOUND AS WATER TREATMENT: CASE STUDY GROUND WATER PANTURA (BEKASI AND KARAWANG) Fatimah, Dewi
Jurnal Zeolit Indonesia Vol 3, No 2 (2004)
Publisher : Jurnal Zeolit Indonesia

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Abstract

Naturally, zeolite is a cation exchanger but this property is also depending on porosity, tetrahedral density and frame density. Cation exchange effectiveness can be changed by structure, Si/Al ratio and effective pore size. Tetrahedral group, T, in zeolite is negative charged and can be substituted isomorphycally by other group like PO2+. The new structure can be functioned as anion or cation exchanger. The exchange capacity of both ions depends on Si/Al/P ratio from the substitution process. The alumina-silicaphosphate (ASP) compound has been made from zeolite from Cikalong, Tasikmalaya, with ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADHP) with substitution rate between 30-40%. This product has been tested to Pantura groundwater, in Bekasi and Karawang areas,which have groundwater type of NaCl, CaCl2, MgSO4 and CaCl2/CaSO4. ASP tests on ground water samples show decreasing content of Ca, Mg, Na and K cations in ground water by 32.94%, 3.35%, 2.52% and 23.60% respectively. Sulphate anion also decreases by 15.39% but chloride anion shows no changes. Dig-up well of CaCl2 type also shows a reduction of Ca, Mg, Na and sulphate contents by 46.26%, 18.37%, 16.39% and 10.84%, respectively. Dig-up well of CaSO4 type shows Ca, K and sulphate contents decrease of 89.71%, 33.31% and 5.26%, respectively. CaSO4 dig-up well can be changed to Mg-mix type after processing by ASP compound. Cation exchange capacity of ASP compound to Ca is higher than to K, Mg and Na (Ca>K>Mg>Na). Due to a high cation exchange capacity to K and Mg, ASP compound may be used to reduce the hard water level.
EFFECT OF ZEOLITE ON NUTRIENTS EFFICIENCY OF COMPOST IN THE SOIL Estiaty, Lenny M.; Suwardi, Suwardi; Yuliana, Isti; Fatimah, Dewi; Suherman, Dadan
Jurnal Zeolit Indonesia Vol 4, No 2 (2005)
Publisher : Jurnal Zeolit Indonesia

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Abstract

Manure contains micro and macro nutrients which are essential for plant growth. During the decomposition process and after application to the soil, nutrients in manure especially nitrogen is easily volatile to the atmosphere and leaching by water. Zeolite has a high adsorption to ammonium ion, so the application of zeolite together with manure may improve the plant growth. The objective of this research is to evaluate the effect of manure and zeolite addition to the growth and absorption of plant nutrients of Ipomoea reptans. This research was conducted in green house of Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bogor Agricultural University, from June until October 2004. Cultivation was conducted in two period. Immediately after the plant were harvested in first period, plant media were cultivated for the second period without addition of fertilizers. Addition of 20 ton/ha zeolite to the plant media influence the growth and absorption of nutrient higher than the other zeolite treatments. Nutrient residue of zeolite treatment is higher than the treatment without zeolite which is shown by higher production of Ipomoea reptans in the second planting period. Application of zeolite increase the growth of plant. Application of zeolite together with chicken manure gave higher growth and production compared with cattle manure.
PRESERVATION OF HOT CHILI WITH ACTIVATED NATURAL ZEOLITE Fatimah, Dewi; Estiaty, Lenny M.
Jurnal Zeolit Indonesia Vol 2, No 1 (2003)
Publisher : Jurnal Zeolit Indonesia

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Abstract

Investigation has been done for chilli (keriting and hot beauty type) preservation using natural silicate (zeolite). Zeolite from Cikancra (mordenite and clinoptilolite type is prepared in various particle sizes and activated at different temperatures. The activated zeolite is tested for its ability to absorb water. It is found that zeolite with particle size of -100 +140 mesh and activated at 400ºC has the highest capability for water absorption. This zeolite is then used in the preservation tests. Zeolite can extend the preservation of chillies up to 18 days for ‘hot beauty’ type and 23 days for ‘keriting’ type. Vitamin C plus (Vit.C + organics) content of chillies after preservation is also increased to 378.29 mg/100g (keriting) and 606.87 mg/100g for hot beauty. During preservation period, pH of hot beauty chilli is constant while pH of keriting chilli is decreased from 5.66 to 5.39. Carbohydrate content is increased for keriting chilli from 2.18% to 2.33% but it is decreased for hot beauty chilli from 2.77% to 2.01%. Total soluble solid (TSS) content of both chillies is decreased to below 0.95%. Water content of fresh chillies, for keriting type is 79.73% and for hot beauty type is 88.40%. Unexpectedly, fungi’s are formed in small parts of chillies during preservation. However, in general, the preservation tests in closed system have produced fresh chillies with high nutrition content.