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All Journal Jurnal Dedikasi Jurnal Gamma Transmisi: Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Elektro Mechatronics, Electrical Power, and Vehicular Technology Jurnal Teknik Elektro Semesta Teknika Kinetik: Game Technology, Information System, Computer Network, Computing, Electronics, and Control Techne : Jurnal Ilmiah Elektroteknika Ketenagalistrikan dan Energi Terbarukan Frontier Energy System and Power Engineering
Machmud Effendy
Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Public Health

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Desain Kontrol Beban Elektronik pada Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Mikrohidro Effendy, Machmud
Jurnal Semesta Teknika Vol 12, No 2 (2009): NOVEMBER 2009
Publisher : Jurnal Semesta Teknika

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Abstract

Due to its lower cost and quicker response in compassion with governor, electronic load control (ELC) has been widely used to replace governor in microhydro power plant. It has lower price and quicker response than governor. The synchronous generator used in microhydro power plant produces stable voltage, because it has been controlled by an AVR (automatic voltage regulator. If consumer loads changes, the frequency not the voltage of the electrical wave will change. Therefore, ELC is used to stabilize the electrical wave frequency and detect the change of consumer load to be transferred to ballast load. This ELC uses frequency censor to detect the change of consumer load. Frequency censor proceeses linearity level to the change of voltage which equals to R2= 0.97. The use of ELC causes the generator voltage is approximately 220,3V to 224,4V with percentage of voltage unbalance 0,56% and the geneator frequency is 49,5Hz to 50,1Hz with percentage of frequency unbalance 0,41%.
Otomatisasi Pembuatan Logic Design Dan Layout Pada Desain Vlsi ( Very Large Scale Integration ) Effendy, Machmud
Jurnal Semesta Teknika Vol 9, No 1 (2006): MEI 2006
Publisher : Jurnal Semesta Teknika

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Abstract

In making of design VLSI ( Very Large Scale Integrated Scale Integration ) is needed planning of Logic Design and Layout. The function of making of Logic Design is to translate existing case study into truth tables and then it is described into logical gates. In order to make Logic Design easier, it is required a software, the name is DSCH2. It can simulate result of truth tables, beside that it has ability to make verilog file ( one of  high language program HDL ).Layout represents form of pattern to be used in making IC ( Integrated Circuit ), where form of pattern to be made have to proper by Logic Design which have been made. In making of layout used a software, the name is MICROWIND2. This software is able to read verilog file that produced by DSCH2. In this research, we build logic design and layout for basic logical gates, such as NOT, AND and SOP ( Sum of Product ). They were made from MOS and CMOS materials.
Studi Analisa Synchronous Rectifier Buck Converter Untuk Meningkatkan Efisiensi Daya Pada Sistem Photovoltaic Ichsan, Ari Robiul; Effendy, Machmud; Suhardi, Diding
Kinetik: Game Technology, Information System, Computer Network, Computing, Electronics, and Control Vol 2, No 3, August-2017
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (146.85 KB) | DOI: 10.22219/kinetik.v2i3.201

Abstract

Abstrak-Sel surya atau sering disebut energi photovoltaic (PV) adalah energi yang saat ini popular karena PV yang sangat ramah terhadap lingkungan tetapi dalam pengaplikasiannya secara konvensional sistem PV juga banyak mengalami kekurangan terutama terhadap efisiensi daya keluaran yang terbilang rendah. salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi terhadap efisiensi daya sistem PV yaitu pada bagian konverter DC-DC. Konverter DC-DC sebagai sumber daya sistem elektronika yang dapat ditingkatkan efisiensinya dengan cara mengganti dioda pada konverter DC dengan MOSFET. MOSFET dapat mengurangi rugi konduksi pada konverter DC sinkron karena rugi daya konduksi MOSFET lebih rendah dari rugi daya konduksi dioda. Pada perancangan ini sistem PV menggunakan konverter DC tipe penurun tegangan dengan menggunakan metode MOSFET sinkronisasi untuk menggantikan dioda pada rangkaian konverter DC tipe penurun tegangan atau juga disebut dengan synchronous buck converter. Kemudian akan dibandingkan efisiensi daya antara synchronous buck converter dengan non-synchronous buck converter. Pada sistem PV menggunakan synchronous buck converter efisiensi daya yang dihasilkan ialah mencapai 98.47%, sedangkan efisiensi daya yang dihasilkan pada non-synchronous buck converter disistem PV lebih rendah ialah 96.81%. Ini membuktikan bahwa rugi konduksi pada MOSFET lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan rugi konduksi pada dioda.
Optimization of Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) Using P&O-Fuzzy and IC-Fuzzy Algorithms on Photovoltaic Pratama, Rido Octa; Effendy, Machmud; Zulfatman, Zulfatman
Kinetik: Game Technology, Information System, Computer Network, Computing, Electronics, and Control Vol 3, No 2, May-2018
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (144.342 KB) | DOI: 10.22219/kinetik.v3i2.200

Abstract

Solar energy is energy which can be harnessed conveniently and free. However, its conversion result may not be easily obtained. Based on the previous research, solar power plant is a source of renewable energy, utilizing solar energy. Solar power plant converts solar energy into electricity using Photovoltaic (PV) or solar cells. Even though solar power plant is considered as better energy alternative, it presents problems and weaknesses. In this case, the problems are related to insufficient power generation with low power efficiency, high oscillation and very slow power tracking. Hence, in order to solve these problems, Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) has been utilized. Combination method of P&O-fuzzy and IC-fuzzy is employed to its design. Moreover, combined algorithm may result better power from conventional algorithm due to appropriate performance of duty cycle according to system design, with efficiency result of 79%-85.6%, tracking in searching output power of 0,0055s - 0,008s, low oscillation and maximum power generated by combined algorithm of 1028 watt.
PENINGKATAN EFISIENSI PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK TENAGA BAYU DENGAN METODA MAXIMUM POWER POINT TRACKING MEMAKAI DC-DC CONVERTER BERBASIS FUZZY LOGIC; EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT OF WIND POWER PLANT BY MAXIMUM POWER POINT TRACKING METHOD USING FUZZY LOGIC BASED DC-DC CONVERTER Effendy, Machmud
Ketenagalistrikan dan Energi Terbarukan Vol 13, No 2 (2014): KETENAGALISTRIKAN DAN ENERGI TERBARUKAN
Publisher : P3TKEBTKE

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Ada beberapa cara untuk meningkatkan kapasitas daya listrik Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Bayu (PLTB) misalnya dengan menambah jumlah pembangkit, namun cara ini cukup mahal, karena harus membangun pembangkit baru. Cara lain yaitu dengan meningkatkan efisiensi daya keluaran listrik pembangkit listrik tenaga bayu yang sudah ada. Salah satu cara  adalah menggunakan teknologi Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT). Dimana teknologi ini mampu menaikkan keluaran daya listrik generator pada saat terjadi perubahan kecepatan angin. Dalam Penelitian ini, teknologi MPPT bertugas mengatur tegangan keluaran generator melalui  rangkaian DC- DC Converter jenis Cuk Converter, dimana teknik  pensaklarannya menggunakan PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) dengan mengatur besarnya duty cycle. Perubahan nilai duty cycle tergantung dari besar kecilnya kecepatan angin, sehingga untuk mengatur nilai duty cycle dan mempercepat respon pensaklaran control PWM digunakan sebuah algoritma modern yaitu Fuzzy  Logic Controller (FLC). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, dengan teknologi MPPT berbasis FLC mampu meningkatkan prosentasi efisiensi daya keluaran PLTB dari 45.5% menjadi 87%.  There are several ways to increase electric power capacity of Wind Power Plant, for example by increasing number of wind power plants, however, this option is quite expensive because it has to build new wind power plants. Another possibility is by increasing the efficiency of electric power output of existing wind power plant. One method to increase the efficiency is to use Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) technology. The technology able to increase electrical power output of the generator at wind speed changes occurred. In this research, MPPT technology is designed to set generator output voltage by using Cuk Converter typed DC-DC Converter, with PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) switching technique to set duty cycle. Changes of duty cycle values are depended on wind speed; therefore, a fuzzy logic controller (FLC), a modern algorithm, is used to set duty cycle value and to accelerate switching system response. Research result shows that the FLC based MPPT is able to increase efficiency of wind power plant power output from 45.5% into 87%.
RANCANG BANGUN PENCATAT DATA KELISTRIKAN PADA PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK TENAGA MIKROHIDRO Effendy, Machmud
Ketenagalistrikan dan Energi Terbarukan Vol 9, No 2 (2010): KETENAGALISTRIKAN DAN ENERGI TERBARUKAN
Publisher : P3TKEBTKE

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Abstract

Permasalahan yang diambil adalah adanya kegiatan rutin pada pencatatan data kelistrikan secara manual pada setiap PLTMH. Metode rancang bangun yang digunakan meliputi tahap pembuatan hardware dan pembuatan software. Hardware yang digunakan meliputi trafo arus sebagai sensor arus, trafo step down sebagai sensor tegangan, Mikrokontroler 89C51 sebagai pengolah data, sedangkan penyimpanan data menggunakan MMC 512 MB. Pembuatan software dimulai dengan pembuatan flowchart dan pembuatan program sesuai dengan desain flowchart. Software yang digunakan adalah program Borland C++. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis data statistik. Penelitian ini menghasilkan sebuah Pencatat Data (Logger) yang dapat digunakan untuk mencatat dan menyimpan data kelistrikan. Periodisasi pencatatan data minimal tiap 1 menit, kapasitas maksimum memori data logger adalah 2.130.440 masukan data. Kesalahan alat ukur pencatat data baik secara parsial maupun keseluruhan berada pada rentang 0.37% sampai 3.8%. Rentang kesalahan tersebut masih di bawah standar baku kesalahan 10%. Hal ini jika dibandingkan dengan kalibrator Power Meter Nanovip. Data logger sudah dicoba dan diimplementasikan pada PLTMH Sengkaling.
DESAIN DAN IMPLEMENTASI PEMANTAUAN JARAK JAUH PADA SISTEM HIBRID PLTMH - PLTS UMM BERBASIS WEB Effendy, Machmud
Ketenagalistrikan dan Energi Terbarukan Vol 12, No 1 (2013): KETENAGALISTRIKAN DAN ENERGI TERBARUKAN
Publisher : P3TKEBTKE

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Abstract

PLTMH dan PLTS yang berlokasi di UMM telah memiliki alat pencatat data kelistrikan, namun masih belum dapat diakses dari jarak jauh melalui web. Sehingga untuk mengetahui perubahan data kelistrikan, operator atau manajemen harus datang ke lokasi pembangkit. Untuk mengatasi hal ini, dibuat sebuah perangkat untuk mengakses data kelistrikan pembangkit melalui web. Perangkat ini terdiri dari perangkat keras antara lain: power meter (PM) Conzerv sebagai sensor data kelistrikan, Server sebagai penyimpan program dan data, dan converter RS485 to RS232 sebagai penyambung data port PM dengan port Server. Sedangkan perangkat lunak yang digunakan antara lain: program XAMPP berfungsi untuk layanan web server, database MySQL, PHP, program Delphi berfungsi sebagai interface port RS232 dengan RS485, dan program Bind sebagai layanan domain. Media komunikasi yang digunakan adalah gelombang elektromagnetik dengan frekuensi 2,4 GHz (wifi). Dari hasil pengujian, didapatkan waktu tunda dalam mengirim data kelistrikan dalam bentuk digital sebesar 128 bytes dengan jarak 4 km sebesar 5,212 milidetik, sedangkan Signal to Noise Ratio pada sistem wifi sebesar 74 dB. Sistem pengukuran jarak-jauh ini telah diimplementasikan pada PLTMH dan PLTS Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang dengan kapasitas daya terbangkit rata-rata sekitar 70 kW untuk PLTMH dan 2 kW untuk PLTS, dimana jarak rumah pembangkit dengan lokasi kampus sekitar 4 km. MHPP and Solar Power located at UMM has had electrical data recording device, but it could not be accessed remotely via the web. To know the electrical data changes, an operator had to come to the plant site. It was needed to make a device for generating electricity data access via web. This device consists of hardware such as: power meter (PM) Conzerv as electrical sensor, Server as the storage of programs and data, and a RS485 to RS232 converter to connect PM with data Server port. While the software includes: XAMPP program which works for web services server, MySQL database, PHP, Delphi program which serves as a RS232 port with RS485 interface, and Bind program which serves as a domain. Communication media used are electromagnetic waves with a frequency of 2.4 GHz (wifi). From the test the following results were obtained: a delay in sending the 128 bytes data in the form of digital electricity with a distance of 4 km is 5.212 milliseconds, and Signal to Noise Ratio magnitude of the wifi system is 74 dB. The remote measurement system has been implemented to the MHP and solar power at Muhammadiyah University of Malang with a power capacity about 70 kW for MHP and 2 kW for solar power, where the distance between the power house and the campus is about 4 miles.
Penerapan Teknologi Pengoperasian, Perawatan dan Pelatihan Mikro Hidro di Desa. Karang Suko KecAMATAN Pagelaran KabUPATEN Malang Irfan, Muhammad; Effendy, Machmud; Mokhtar, Ali; ., Suwignyo
Jurnal Dedikasi Vol 12 (2015): Mei
Publisher : Direktorat Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (37.695 KB) | DOI: 10.22219/dedikasi.v12i0.2481

Abstract

Penerapan Teknologi Pengoperasian, Perawatan danPelatihan Mikro Hidro di Desa. Karang Suko KecAMATANPagelaran KabUPATEN MalangMuhammad Irfan1, Machmud Effendy2, Ali Mokhtar3, Suwignyo4 1,2,3,4Fakultas Teknik Universitas Muhammadiyah MalangEmail : 1)Irfan_tsd@yahoo.com, 2)machmudeffendy@yahoo.com, 3)alimokhtar011@gmail.com, 4)wignyo_08@yahoo.comABSTRAKMicro hydro power plant ( MHPP ) Sumber Maron located in the village of Karangsuko, districts Pagelaran, Malang district. It has been in operation since 2011. Sustainability Mikro Hidro Power (MHP) system depends on many things , one of them is a good way of operation and proper maintenance. The main problem is the unavailability of operators who are able to overcome with disturbances and maintain of MHP system . The purpose of science and technology program activities for the community is to produce the human resources were able to operate , maintain and overcome the slight disturbance in the MHP system. Methods of science and technology program for community activities was carried out by using PRA ( Participatory Rapid Appraissal ) , which is a method that is both empowering and Bottom - up Participatory Approach , by doing workshops and practice . The material of the workshop is the introduction of the MHP system, the components of MHP, on how to operate , maintain all the resources MHP correctly , how to cope with distraction MHP, and health and safety. The results of this activity is the availability of human resources having appropriate skills standards , start from the basic principles operate , maintain and how to resolve the problem if there is interference on all the resources at MHP.Keywords: MHPP, PRA, Science and Technology
PEMBUATAN ANALOG DESIGN DAN LAYOUT IC (INTEGRATED CIRCUIT) AMPLIFER KELAS A Effendy, Machmud
Jurnal Gamma Vol 4, No 2 (2009): Maret
Publisher : Jurnal Gamma

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Abstract

The making of VLSI design ( Very Large Scale Integrated Scale Integration ) needed byplanning of Analog Design and Layout. Where function of making of Analog Design is to translatethe electric circuit becoming a verilog file which there are information about size of IC (integratedcircuit) tha will be formed to use DSCH. While layout represent pattern form to be used in makingof IC, where pattern form to be made have to pursuant to Analog Design which have been made andpursuant to power amplification value and its efficiency. The making of layout used MICROWINDsoftware. Then its result will in test use program of winspice, so that characteristic of class A amplifiercircuit can be seen graphly.In this research is made analog design and layout for the circuit of amplifier class A, thismatter is caused by this circuit still is often used in audio technology and radio, amplifier circuit ofclass A in the form of IC still seldom in selling marketing, and the last amplifier circuit of class Anot to integrated to require compared to higher level energy dissipation which have integrated.
RANCANG BANGUN ALAT KONTROL BEBAN ELEKTRONIK DIGITAL PADA PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK TENAGA MIKROHIDRO (PLTMH) OFF-GRID Effendy, Machmud
Jurnal Gamma Vol 8, No 1 (2012): September
Publisher : Jurnal Gamma

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Abstract

RANCANG BANGUN ALAT KONTROL BEBAN ELEKTRONIK DIGITAL PADA  PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK TENAGA MIKROHIDRO (PLTMh) OFF-GRIDMachmud EffendyStaf Pengajar Jurusan Teknik Elektro, Fakultas Teknik Universitas Muhammadiyah MalangEmail: machmudeffendy@yahoo.comABSTRACTElectronic load control device (ELC) at the MHP Digital Off-Grid (not connected to the PLN) replaces previous controls are still using analog systems (Machmud, 2008), because analog systems have drawbacks including: difficult to perform the initial setup of the generator voltage stability in the event of changes in consumer loads, so that the percentage error generator voltage and frequency stability is still quite large. In 2010 (Machmud) makes ELC models using Matlab with the PI system that is able to stabilize the voltage of the generator at the second to 8.These results continue the previous research by designing wake ELC using microcontroller system that is equipped with PID control. Series of ELC supporters were also made, among others: the sensor circuit voltage, zero detection circuit, and electronic switch circuit. Voltage sensor circuit that has been made to have the voltage linearity level of 0.997. While the time required to trigger the triac with a maximum of 1000 Ohm load is between 0 to 10 milliseconds.PID system is created using the C language and loaded into the microcontroller IC is able to stabilize the voltage generator in the event of changes in the electrical load. With menggunakann value Kp = 4, Ki = 0:01, the system is able to stabilize the voltage of the generator in the event of changes in the electrical load 100 and 500 Ohm 0hm in seconds to 8 parameters Kp in PID control system is applied to the electronic load control devices MHP does not cause changes significant at keluran controller, so its value can be ignored.keyword: PLTMh, Digital Control
Co-Authors Ad, Azhar Ali Mokhtar Amrul Faruq Ari Rahmawan, Novid Diding Suhardi Guntur Alam Ichsan, Ari Robiul Khusnul Hidayat Mardiyah, Nuralif Moh. Abduh Mohammad Chasrun Hasani Muhammad Irfan Nasar, M. Nur Alif Mardiyah, Nur Alif Nurhadi Nurhadi . Pratama, Rido Octa R.A., Fariz Sm., Lintang Suwignyo Suwignyo . Syahputra, Rosyadi Nur Zulfatman Zulfatman