Western painting

Introduction
European Stone Age
- Upper Paleolithic
- Mesolithic
- Neolithic
Aegean and eastern Mediterranean Metal Age
- Early Bronze Age (3000–2000 bce)
  - Early Minoan
  - Early Cycladic
  - Early Helladic
- Middle Bronze Age (2000–1600 bce)
  - Middle Minoan
  - Middle Cycladic and Middle Helladic
- Late Bronze Age (1600–1100 bce)
  - Wall paintings
  - Vase paintings
    - Late Minoan
    - Late Mycenaean
    - Late Cypriot
Ancient Greek
- Dark Ages (1200–900 bce)
- Geometric period (c. 900–700 bce)
- Orientalizing period (c. 700–625 bce)
- Archaic period (c. 625–500 bce)
- Classical period (c. 500–323 bce)
  - Early Classical (c. 500–450 bce)
  - High Classical (c. 450–400 bce)
  - Late Classical (c. 400–323 bce)
- Hellenistic period (c. 323–1st century bce)
Western Mediterranean
- Etruscan
- Roman
  - Etruscan and Hellenistic Greek influences
  - Roman paintings
  - Early Christian
  - Book illustration in antiquity
Eastern Christian
- Early Byzantine Period (330–717)
  - Icons
  - Illuminated manuscripts
- Iconoclastic Age (717–843)
- Middle Byzantine period (843–1204)
  - Icons
  - Wall painting
  - Illuminated manuscripts
- Late Byzantine period (1204–1453)
  - Icons
  - Wall painting
  - Illuminated manuscripts
- Post-Byzantine Russia
- Regional variations in Eastern Christian painting
  - Georgia
  - Armenia
  - Coptic Egypt
The Middle Ages and medieval Christendom
- Middle Ages
  - Rome and Italy, c. 600–850
  - England and Ireland, c. 650–850
  - Merovingian Gaul
- Early Middle Ages
  - Carolingian empire
  - The 10th century
  - Late Anglo-Saxon England
  - France
  - Ottonian Germany
- Romanesque
  - Italy
  - France
  - England
  - Spain
  - The Meuse Valley
  - Germany and Austria
- Late 12th century
- Gothic
  - Early Gothic
  - High Gothic
  - Italian Gothic
  - International Gothic
  - Late Gothic
Renaissance
- Early Renaissance in Italy
  - Masaccio
  - Florentine painters of the mid-15th century
  - Late 15th-century Florentine painters
  - Diffusion of the innovations of the Florentine school
  - Leonardo da Vinci
- High Renaissance in Italy
  - Leonardo, Raphael, and Michelangelo
  - The High Renaissance in Venice
- Italian Mannerism and Late Renaissance
  - The hallmarks of Mannerism
  - Mannerist painters in Florence and Rome
- Renaissance outside Italy
  - France
  - Spain
  - Germany
  - Low Countries
  - Bohemia
Baroque
- Early and High Baroque in Italy
- Late Baroque and Rococo
  - Spain and Portugal
  - Low Countries
    - The Spanish Netherlands
    - The United Provinces
  - France
  - Britain
    - The 17th century
    - The 18th century
  - Colonial Americas
    - North America
  - Central Europe
  - Poland
  - Russia
  - Scandinavia
Neoclassical and Romantic
- Neoclassicism
  - Britain
  - France
  - Germany and Austria
  - Italy
  - Other countries
- Romanticism
  - Britain
  - Germany
  - France
  - United States
  - Russia
Modern
- Origins in the 19th century
  - Impressionism
  - Symbolism
  - The end of the 19th-century tradition
- The 20th century
  - Cubism and its consequences
  - Fantasy and the irrational
Postwar Western art: 1945–2000
- After 1945
- Modernism and postmodernism defined
- Painting in Europe and the United States: 1945–70
  - Abstraction
  - Figuration
- Duchamp’s legacy and the questioning of the art object: 1950–70
  - American Neo-Dada: Cage, Rauschenberg, and Johns
  - Art and consumerism: French and Italian art in the 1950s
  - Pop art in Britain and the United States: the 1960s
- The fortunes of sculpture: 1950s–2000
  - Minimalism
  - “Anti-Form” and post-Minimalist sculpture in the United States and Britain: 1967–2000
  - Germany and Italy: Joseph Beuys and Arte Povera
- The dematerialization of art: the 1960s and ’70s
  - Institutional critique, feminism, and conceptual art: 1968 and its aftermath
  - Land art
  - Body and performance art
- Art and postmodernism: the 1980s and ’90s
  - The “return to painting”
  - Politics, commerce, and abjection in 1980s art

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