Multisensory perception

The purpose of this study is to make sense and raise awareness of synesthetic experiences of high school art students, and to ensure that students discover and consciously use their creativity skills in artistic creation processes. The study adopts a qualitative approach and is based on the phenomenological design. The study group consists of 15 art students, aged between 15 and 18 and seven visual arts teachers. A participant identification form was given to 115 students to determine the study group. To obtain data, qualitative data collection methods including interviews, observation and document analysis were used. The data obtained in the study were analysed through content analysis. When the results of the study are evaluated, the synesthetic experiences of the students are experiences such as numbers having colors, seeing colors or shapes while listening to music, and associating words with certain tastes. However, a significant number of students were not aware that these experiences were a special case of synesthesia. Most of the participants thought that these experiences were not unique to them and that everyone perceived them similarly. This situation caused the students not to use their synesthetic experiences in their creative processes or academic lives before. Having learned about the concept of synesthesia during the research process, the students were able to better describe their experiences and expressed that they felt creative and different. The visual arts teachers stated that they had never heard of synesthesia and should have knowledge of the phenomenon. / Bu araştırmada güzel sanatlar lisesi resim bölümü öğrencilerinin yaşadığı sinestezik deneyimleri anlamlandırmak, farkındalık sağlamak ve ortaya çıkararak öğrencinin sanatsal üretim sürecindeki yaratıcılık becerilerini bilinçli bir şekilde gerçekleştirmesi hedeflenmektedir. Nitel yöntemin uygulandığı araştırma, fenomenoloji desenine dayanmaktadır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu 15-18 yaş grubu 15 resim öğrencisi ve yedi görsel sanatlar öğretmeni oluşturmaktadır. Çalışma grubunu belirlemek için 115 öğrenciye beş soruluk katılımcı belirleme formu verilmiştir. Verilerin elde edilmesinde görüşme, gözlem ve doküman incelemesi gibi nitel veri toplama tekniklerinden yararlanılmıştır. Araştırmada elde edilen veriler içerik analizi ile çözümlenmiştir. Araştırmanın sonuçları değerlendirildiğinde,
öğrencilerin sinestezik deneyimleri sayıların renklere sahip olması, müzik dinlerken renk ya da şekil görme, kelimelerin belirli tatlarla ilişkilendirilmesi gibi deneyimlerdir. Ancak öğrencilerin önemli bir kısmı bu deneyimlerin sinesteziye ait özel bir durum olduğunun farkında değildir. Katılımcıların çoğu, bu deneyimlerin kendilerine özgü olmadığını ve herkesin benzer şekilde algıladığını düşünmüştür. Bu durum, öğrencilerin sinestezik deneyimlerini daha önce yaratıcı süreçlerinde ya da akademik yaşamlarında kullanmamalarına neden olmuştur. Araştırma sürecinde sinestezi kavramını öğrenen öğrenciler, sahip oldukları deneyimleri daha iyi tanımlayabilmiş; kendilerini yaratıcı ve farklı hissettiklerini ifade etmişlerdir. Bununla birlikte, görsel sanatlar öğretmenlerinin sinesteziyi daha önce
duymadıkları, sinestezi hakkında ise bilgi sahibi olunması gerektiğini ifade etmişlerdir.

Despite the extensive bibliography on festivals today, it is necessary to investigate the multisensory reality that shaped the ephemeral city during these celebrations. In line with the so-called “sensory turn”, the approach to the study of festivals proposed here aims to provide a new perspective that takes into account the sensory experience created by the reconfiguration of urban space during a festive event, as well as the type of stimuli and emotional responses that occurred during the celebration.

El propósito de esta conferencia inaugural del Seminario Internacional "Trampa-ante-ojo" Engañar la vista y evocar lo sensible (Universidad de Zaragoza, 24-4-2024), consiste en exponer un breve estado de la cuestión sobre la investigación en torno a los estudios sensoriales, invitar a la reflexión sobre las posibilidades o límites de abordar una investigación sobre los sentidos en la Historia del Arte y desde la Historia del Arte.

This paper explores the subject's embodied relationship with the media environment by looking at the aspects of multisensory processing and affect within the field of empirical multimodal research. More specifically, a sample analysis from a case study is offered to highlight how affect, engaged with through the multisensorial experience of a travel documentary viewer, plays a role in facilitating the successful deployment of manipulative discourse. The key concepts of manipulation and epistemic vigilance are discussed before providing a review of findings from the neurosciences and their relevance to the study of affect in empirical multimodal research. A sample analysis is then offered to exemplify the line of enquiry adopted, with the suggestion that, in travel documentaries, successful manipulative discourse relies not only on "limiting the processes of contextual selection" (Maillat and Oswald 2009: 361), but also on limiting the emotional response of the viewer, predominantly through the music mode. Possible venues for future research are discussed in the conclusion.

Este artículo se enmarca en las teorías psicodinámicas y de la Práctica Psicomotriz Aucouturier con niños/as con Trastorno del Espectro Autista (TEA). Partiendo de la construcción de la identidad y el funcionamiento mental primario exploraremos el funcionamiento mental y el cuerpo del niño/a con TEA y abordaremos una posible aproximación desde un acompañamiento terapéutico psicomotor, teniendo en cuenta los últimos estudios de neurociencias. El artículo acaba con la presentación de un caso clínico, con la transcripción de algunos vídeos domésticos que tenemos de sus primeros años de vida y de la intervención del trabajo llevado a cabo en la sala psicomotriz. Trastorno del Espectro Autista, Práctica Psicomotriz Aucouturier, Cuerpo, construcción de la identidad, engramas, fantasmas o fantasías de acción, equivalencias sensoriales, autosensorialidad, funcionamiento mental primario, funcionamiento mental autista. Àngels Morral Subirá: Terapeuta Psicomotriz. Actualmente trabaja en el Centre de Tractaments Carrilet de Barcelona y en el centro Cor de Calella. Atiende a niños y niñas con TEA o con trastornos del desarrollo y sus familias. Miembro de la asociación Senda: centro de acompañamiento a la infancia y a la familia dentro del equipo formativo en educación viva. Docente en varias formaciones relacionadas con el espectro autista, la psicomotricidad y el abordaje corporal. Coordinadora del grupo de supervisión de Carrilet, sobre abordaje corporal y TEA. Coautora del libro "Comprensión y abordaje educativo y terapéutico del TEA" y de varios artículos.

 Sensory experience effects on material perception  Perception and preference level effect depending on the number of senses experienced  Material type and gender factor in senses numberdependent experience This study was conducted with undergraduate students of Maltepe University, Faculty of Architecture and Design, Department of Interior Architecture. Two table surface materials were used to measure the level of perception and preference depending on the number of senses of the material. A repeated evaluation consisting of four questions was made for the table surface material experienced in three stages. It was aimed to increase the level of information transferred in the perceptual process due to the increase in sensory inputs. The results of the perception and preference level due to the increase in the number of senses experienced for the solid oak material surface are given in Figure A. Figure A. Perception and preference level results based on number of senses for solid oak material Purpose: The aim of this study is to investigate the level of perception and preference of the material due to the increase in the number of senses experienced, and to provide a multi-faceted information transfer away from confusion. Theory and Methods: To test the hypotheses, participants were asked to experience two table surface materials in the controlled space with singular, dual and multiple senses. The experience process, which took place in three stages for one material, was completed by answering a four-question questionnaire that evaluated the perception and preference levels of the participants. With the participation of 135 people, research data were obtained. Results: As a result of the study, it was determined that the perception level of the participants increased depending on the increase in the number of senses. Significant differences were found in the level of perception and preference depending on the type of material in dual and multi-sensory experience. In dual and multisensory experiences, it was observed that women's perception and preference levels were higher than men's. Conclusion: Therefore, these results show that the number of senses involved in the perceptual process has significant effects on the level of material perception and preference. It is thought that a multi-sensory experience rather than a single sense will enable both designers and users to make more accurate decisions in material selection.

In this paper we explored thalamocortical functional connectivity in a group of eight patients suffering from peripheral neuropathic pain (diabetic pain), and compared it with that of a group of healthy subjects. We hypothesized that functional interconnections between the thalamus and cortex can be altered after years of ongoing chronic neuropathic pain. Results: Functional connectivity was studied through a resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) paradigm: temporal correlations between predefined regions of interest (primary somatosensory cortex, ventral posterior lateral thalamic nucleus, medial dorsal thalamic nucleus) and the rest of the brain were systematically investigated. The patient group showed decreased resting state functional connectivity between the thalamus and the cortex. This supports the idea that chronic pain can alter thalamocortical connections causing a disruption of thalamic feedback, and the view of chronic pain as a thalamocortical dysrhythmia.

Through development, multisensory systems reach a balance between stability and flexibility: the systems integrate optimally cross-modal signals from the same events, while remaining adaptive to environmental changes. Is continuous intersensory recalibration required to shape optimal integration mechanisms, or does multisensory integration develop prior to recalibration? Here, we examined the development of multisensory integration and rapid recalibration in the temporal domain by re-analyzing published datasets for audio–visual, audio–tactile, and visual–tactile combinations. Results showed that children reach an adult level of precision in audio–visual simultaneity perception and show the first sign of rapid recalibration at 9 years of age. In contrast, there was very weak rapid recalibration for other cross-modal combinations at all ages, even when adult levels of temporal precision had developed. Thus, the development of audio–visual rapid recalibration appears to require the ma...

The present research examines how ambient scents affect consumers' spatial perceptions in retail environments, which in turn influence customers' feelings of power and, thus, product preference and purchasing behavior. Specifically, the authors demonstrate that in a warm- (vs. cool-) scented and thus perceptually more (vs. less) socially dense environment, people experience a greater (vs. lesser) need for power, which manifests in increased preference for and purchase of premium products and brands. This research extends knowledge on store atmospherics and customer experience management through the effects of ambient scent on spatial perceptions and builds on recent research on power in choice contexts.

The fission illusion is induced by multisensory (audio-visual) integration. In the present study, we assume that perceptual efficiency affects the fission illusion's rate because this illusion occurs in a short temporal range through the integration of visual and auditory information. The present study examined the effect of perceptual efficiency on the fission illusion by presenting visual patterns with various degrees of complexity. The results indicated that it was more difficult to induce the fission illusion when more complex visual patterns were used. The effect of pattern on the illusion differed according to the stimulus onset asynchrony between the first visual stimulus and the second auditory stimulus. These results suggest that the fission illusion has a higher probability of occurring when the perceptual process of the first visual stimulus is completed and integrated with the first beep before the presentation of the second beep. Thus, the audio-visual integration is affected by the perceptual efficiency of the physical stimuli.

The concept of time has long been the subject of complex philosophical reflections and scientific research, which have interpreted it differently based on the starting question, context, and level of analysis of the system under investigation. In the present review, we first explore how time has been studied among different scientific fields such as physics, neuroscience, and bioecological sciences. We emphasize the fundamental role of an organism's ability to perceive the passage of time and dynamically adapt to its environment for survival. Growth, reproduction, and communication processes are subject to spatiotemporal variability, and the sense of time allows organisms to structure their interactions, track past, and anticipate future events. Specifically, building on a relational and multilevel approach, this paper proposes an analysis of various aspects of the temporal dimension of plants—ranging from their growth and adaptation rates to behavioral strategies and modes of communication—culminating in a focused examination of research based on the kinematical analysis of plant movement. By adopting a comparative and critical approach, we raise several questions about the temporality of processes from different perspectives. Further insights into the timing of physiological and communication processes in plants will help to recognize the central role of temporality in life and to discover mechanisms, processes, and behavioral strategies that may be common (or similar) across species or unique (species‐specific) for some organisms, both with and without nervous systems.

【目的】偶园为清初大学士冯溥在山东青州所建私园，现园林南部保存较好，具有重要的研究价值。结合数字测绘技术，进一步发掘偶园的景象与理法内涵，以丰富历史认识、支撑遗产保护、助益设计实践、反思研究方法。【方法】运用三维激光扫描和近景摄影测量等技术对偶园遗产进行全面测绘，建立数字遗产档案。以测绘成果和史料文献为基础，运用文献实例互证、景观视觉分析、图像和文本精读的方法，对偶园现存遗产展开研究。【结果】深入解读了偶园的空间景象、分析了其造园理法和设计智慧，并重新审视和总结偶园的遗产价值。【结论】偶园较完整真实地保留了清初时期景象，是该时期园林的珍贵实例；其不仅鲜明反映了山子张造园风格，还呈现出张氏风格与地方特点巧妙结合，景象精彩、理法高妙，堪称明末清初这一中国造园黄金时代的上乘作品和重要遗产。

青州偶园为清初大学士冯溥所建私园，改筑自明代衡王府奇松园和冯氏旧宅宅园。历史渊源深厚，园主身份显赫，时代和地域特征鲜明，具重要遗产价值。然其在冯溥身后演变与遗产保护史，学界迄无详论。文章以园名变化为线索，通过史料考释、现场调研和文本分析，勾勒偶园从一处文人私园演变为文化遗产的历史过程。文章进一步使用历史性城镇景观视角解析了偶园演变与身份建构的内在机制，提出“逝返”“层积”和“消散”三条线索。文章尝试完善既有研究之不足，并为传统园林遗产的认识、保护和管理提供案例参照和理论借鉴。
The Ouyuan Garden in Qingzhou, Shandong Province was a private garden commissioned by the Grand Secretary Feng Pu (1609–1692) in the early Qing Dynasty. It was rebuilt based on the former site of the Ming-dynasty (1368–1644) Qisong Garden in Prince Heng’s Mansion and the Feng family’s residential garden. It presents significant heritage values due to its long-standing history, prominent owners, and distinctive temporal and regional characteristics. However, the historic evolution and conservation history of the Ouyuan Garden after Feng’s death have not been systematically studied so far. Through archival research, onsite investigation, and textual analysis, this article takes the changing garden names as a clue to explore the heritagisation of Ouyuan Garden from a private literati garden to a cultural heritage site. In addition, the article proposes three key concepts, ‘reversion’, ‘layering’, and ‘dissipation’, by incorporating the Historic Urban Landscape theory to reveal the mechanisms underlying the evolution of Ouyuan Garden and the construction of its heritage identity. The article expands existing research by providing a fresh case and theoretical framework for reference for the comprehension, conservation, and management of traditional Chinese garden heritage.

O'Callaghan is alone in offering a thoroughgoing feature association rule. 3 As we shall see, though, his proposal won't actually settle the novel feature question. Furthermore, no proposal will. Indeed, no proposal can even deliver all the uncontroversial associations of features with our intuitive, pre-theoretical understandings of the Aristotelian senses -at least not in a way that is otherwise adequate for settling the novel feature question. The lesson I draw is that our pretheoretical notions of the senses, in terms of which the novel feature debate is couched, are an inadequate basis for theorizing about the content and phenomenal character of perceptual experience. 4 Though I focus on the novel feature debate, this point holds for any debate concerning the content or phenomenology of perceptual experience (e.g., intentionalism, 5 the thick/thin contents of experience debate, cognitive penetration, etc.). I recommend that we abandon the last vestiges of the sense-by-sense approach. Instead, we should focus on the contributions of the relevant perceptual mechanisms to perceptual experience, without worrying over how these mechanisms relate to our pre-theoretical notions of the (Aristotelian) senses. (More on mechanisms and senses below.) As the novel feature debate is my point of entry, the first step will be to get a clearer understanding of what these novel features are. It is to this that I now turn.

According to the decomposition thesis, perceptual experiences resolve without remainder into their different modality-specific components. Contrary to this view, I argue that certain cases of multisensory integration give rise to experiences representing features of a novel type. Through the coordinated use of bodily awareness-understood here as encompassing both proprioception and kinaesthesis-and the exteroceptive sensory modalities, one becomes perceptually responsive to spatial features whose instances couldn't be represented by any of the contributing modalities functioning in isolation. I develop an argument for this conclusion focusing on two cases: 3D shape perception in haptic touch and experiencing an object's egocentric location in crossmodally accessible, environmental space.

The first part of this survey article offered a cartography of some of the more extensively studied forms of multisensory processing. In this second part, I turn to examining some of the different possible ways in which the structure of conscious perceptual experience might also be characterized as multisensory. In addition, I discuss the significance of research on multisensory processing and multisensory consciousness for philosophical debates concerning the modularity of perception, cognitive penetration, and the individuation of the senses.

According to the decomposition thesis, perceptual experiences resolve without remainder into their different modality-specific components. Contrary to this view, I argue that certain cases of multisensory integration give rise to experiences representing features of a novel type. Through the coordinated use of bodily awareness-understood here as encompassing both proprioception and kinaesthesis-and the exteroceptive sensory modalities, one becomes perceptually responsive to spatial features whose instances couldn't be represented by any of the contributing modalities functioning in isolation. I develop an argument for this conclusion focusing on two cases: 3D shape perception in haptic touch and experiencing an object's egocentric location in crossmodally accessible, environmental space.

This study presents a comparative analysis of
consumer preferences for Hershey’s and Dairy Milk
(Cadbury) chocolates in Ahmedabad, India, focusing
on taste perceptions and demographic influences. The
primary aim is to explore how age affects the
consumption frequency, taste ratings, and sensory
attributes (e.g., sweetness, creaminess, cocoa flavour)
of both chocolate brands. Data collected from a
diverse sample of consumers in Ahmedabad revealed
significant relationships between age and taste
preferences. Younger consumers tended to prefer
Hershey’s for its intense cocoa flavour, while older
consumers favoured Dairy Milk for its sweeter,
creamier profile.Findings Suggest The brand Go with
Indian Taste Choices Majorly the Sweetness Which
Aim to Customers Expectation, Although for
Hershey’s Chocolate Its Difficult in Gaining Focus
among consumers. The research also Focusses on the
importance of Smell, Unique Impression in
Customers Mind & Behaviors in Adapting customer’s
choice. The study provides Research to Find for
chocolate brands, Guiding Business Plan , making
Changes & Flavours Results in Making changes in
Different Age Groups Positively. Through this
research We get to Know the Market Trends and how
to Understand Customers taste

Confusion and no standard way without clear constructs marks the study and analysis of sense of place (SOP). This article seeks to understand SOP discourse across disciplines interested in the place-peopleprocess relationships. It aims to cover the key aspects in terms of components, importance and methods of investigation. This review was done by open access search for "sense of place" and within related literature of its sub-concepts. Findings reveal lack of clarity as different researches include different subdimensions as its components and employ different methods of investigation. Place attachment (PA), place identity (PI) and place dependence (PD), place meanings (PM), place satisfaction (PS) are the common dimensions. Many researches on SOP have been done within neighborhoods and public spaces. The study recommends the need for standard and uniform dimensions, methods for its investigation in order for built environment professionals, other professions and policy makers to integrate the findings in place making.

Θέμα του παρόντος πονήματος είναι η παρουσίαση μιας νέας εκπαιδευτικής φιλοσοφίας, της συμπερίληψης, καθώς και των συνθηκών που θα μπορούσαν να συνεισφέρουν στην ανάπτυξη ενός σύγχρονου συμπεριληπτικού σχολείου. Η εφαρμογή των αρχών και των μεθόδων της συμπεριληπτικής εκπαίδευσης είναι ένα δύσκολο εγχείρημα, το οποίο δύναται να επιτευχθεί μέσα από τη δράση συγκεκριμένων παραγόντων. Μία από τις ευνοϊκές προϋποθέσεις που θα συντελούσε καίρια προς αυτό είναι η ενεργός συμμετοχή των εκπαιδευτικών, των μαθητών και, γενικότερα, της κοινότητας στην προαγωγή της νοοτροπίας της συμπερίληψης. Ακόμα ένας παράγοντας που θα επηρέαζε θετικά είναι η υιοθέτηση ενδεδειγμένων πολιτικών κατάρτισης του προσωπικού των εκπαιδευτικών οργανισμών αναφορικά με τις μεθόδους που εφαρμόζουν κατά τη διδακτική πράξη. Τέλος, πρόσθετο ευνοϊκό στοιχείο δυνητικά θα καταστεί η αξιοποίηση των σύγχρονων ερευνητικών δεδομένων, καθώς και των πληροφοριών που προκύπτουν μέσα από τις διαδικασίες αναστοχασμού.

The widespread disregard for plant behavior is gradually being overcome through more inclusive theoretical approaches and the development of appropriate and advanced technologies. In this paper we review scientific evidence on recent contributions to the study of plants, such as movement and communication as well as potential forms of attention. Some of the most recent contributions to the study of plant abilities come from comparative studies on biocommunication and research on the accuracy of plants in responding to different environmental stimuli through electrophysiological and kinematical analyses in different context (e.g., individual and social). Furthermore, an underexplored area that warrants further investigation is plants' multisensory perception and its potential link to multimodal communication capabilities. Research into this set of abilities could help to clarify the degree of behavioral flexibility in sessile organisms without a nervous system and enhance discussions on interactive behavior as expressed in nature. This, in turn, will help to bridge the gap between studies on animal organisms and the rest of the living world.

We present an overview of the recent research conducted by the first author of this article, in which the influence of sound on the perception of taste/flavor in beer is evaluated. Three studies in total are presented and discussed. These studies assessed how people match different beers with music and the influence that the latter can have on the perception and enjoyment of the beers. In general, the results revealed that in certain contexts sound can modulate the perceived strength and taste attributes of the beer as well as its associated hedonic experience. We conclude by discussing the potential mechanisms behind these taste-flavor/sound interactions, and the implications of these studies in the context of multisensory food and drink experience design. We suggest that future work may also build on cognitive neuroscience. In particular, such an approach may complement our understanding of the underlying brain mechanisms of auditory/gustatory interactions.

We review three methods, which are all intended to address the influence of sound on the perception of taste. In the analysis of the results of the first method, we take into account the added value of a progressive interaction of the participants in their perceptual experiences. Furthermore, with two new methods that we introduce, we intend to elaborate on the claim that customized sonic cues can have a significant influence on taste, and in the decision-making process for consumption. We believe that the ideas here presented may help similar cases in getting closer to real gastronomic situations. And we open a discussion, looking for new experiences that could follow our approaches towards novel insights.

W mojej rozprawie „Warszawa jako przedmiot badań etnografii wielozmysłowej” przedstawiam jakościowe badania nad zmysłowym doświadczaniem przestrzeni miasta. Interesowało mnie, jak użytkownicy Warszawy odbierają i opisują swoje otoczenie poprzez wzrok, słuch, węch, dotyk i smak. W latach 2012–2014 przeprowadziłam badania z wykorzystaniem autorskiej kombinacji metod: testu „20 zdań o mieście”, map mentalnych, spacerów sensorycznych oraz dzienników doświadczeń zmysłowych. W pracy ukazuję Warszawę jako miasto dynamicznych kontrastów, naznaczone warstwami pamięci i emocji, w którym obiektywna przestrzeń administracyjna splata się z subiektywnymi doświadczeniami mieszkańców. Łącząc podejście fenomenologiczne, estetyczne i językoznawstwo kognitywne, analizuję także trudności językowego wyrażania doznań zmysłowych. Moim celem było stworzenie wielozmysłowego obrazu Warszawy oraz refleksja nad społecznym i kulturowym wymiarem percepcji miasta.

The concept of space and how it’s perceived is a subject that has been discussed and generated ideas about it for centuries and remains current. The definition and examination of mental and sensory processes in the perception of space have become the subject of many studies. This study includes the workshop's results supported by TUBITAK within the scope of 2237-A Scientific Education Activities Support to "express and interpret the memories of the individual in a spatial and sensory context with the collage technique". The first part of the workshop was designed as a theoretical part in which the concepts of "space, perception, memory, and experience" were discussed. The second part was designed as a practical part in which the participants embodied their memories with the collage technique. Within the scope of this study, first, the issue of space and perception of space was opened to discussion. In addition, a conceptual framework was created by explaining the general usage of the collage technique and its use in space expression. In the field study section, the participants' feelings about their memories and their relationships with the place were interpreted through their collage works. The results revealed that the scope and duration of education received affected the perception of space, and collage was an appropriate technique for expressing personal and subjective judgments. It is envisaged that the study makes an important contribution to the literature as it evaluates a subjective subject from a different perspective and can be open to many interpretations.

Recent studies indicate that the primary somatosensory cortex (S1) is active not only when touch is physically perceived but also when it is merely observed to be experienced by another person. This social responsivity of S1 has important implications for our understanding of S1 functioning. However, S1 activity during touch observation has not been characterized in great detail to date. We focused on two features of the S1 functional architecture during touch observation, namely the topographical arrangement of index and middle finger receptive fields (RFs), and their dynamic shrinkage during concurrent activation. Both features have important implications for human behavior. We conducted two fMRI studies at 7 T, one where touch was physically perceived, and one where touch was observed. In the two experiments, participants either had their index finger and/or middle finger stimulated using paintbrushes, or just observed similar touch events on video. Our data show that observing and physically experiencing touch elicits overlapping activity changes in S1. In addition, observing touch to the index finger or the middle finger alone evoked topographically arranged activation foci in S1. Importantly, when co-activated, the index and middle finger RFs not only shrank during physical touch perception, but also during touch observation. Our data, therefore, indicate a similarity between the functional architecture of S1 during touch observation and physical touch perception with respect to single-digit topography and RF shrinkage. These results may allow the tentative conclusion that even primary somatosensory experiences, such as physical touch perception, can be shared amongst individuals.

La percepción multisensorial es un tema fascinante que históricamente ha atraído la atención de científicos y artistas. Desde los misteriosos efectos de la sinestesia, donde los sentidos se entrelazan de maneras inesperadas, hasta las complejas interacciones entre la vista, el oído, el tacto y otros sentidos que conforman nuestra experiencia cotidiana, estimular la percepción multisensorial es un campo constante que despierta nuestra imaginación y nos invita a explorar lo más profundo de psique humana.
Los sentidos son la vías de comunicación que tiene nuestro cuerpo con el mundo que nos rodea, son la puerta de entrada al intelecto, cómo ya lo especificó (Bruner, 1998), antes de conocer el significado de las cosas y describirlas mediante la palabra y escritura, es necesario que el infante primero cumpla su representación enactiva mediante la experiencia sensorial (la experiencia senso-motriz), luego de esta experiencia se obtendrá una representación icónica (la representación de la experiencia en imágenes) y finalmente llegar a su representación simbólica (basado en el lenguaje).
Los sistemas sensoriales transmiten un conocimiento subjetivo del propio cuerpo y del entorno a través de los receptores y las conducciones de estímulos, los sistemas sensoriales según el tipo de información que reciben, se pueden dividir en: exteroceptivos, propioceptivos e interoceptivos.
Los exteroceptivos comprenden los cinco sentidos clásicos: visión, audición, olfato, gusto, y tacto; se los llama exteroceptivos porque los estímulos que recogen se encuentran en el exterior del organismo.
Los propioceptivos responden a estímulos generados por el movimiento muscular o cambios en la tensión muscular, y finalmente los interoceptores, que son los receptores sensoriales que se encuentran en las vísceras, en general, también se incluyen dentro de esta categoría a los receptores vestibulares y los relacionados con los movimientos oculares (Quirós, Grzib, & Conde, 2000).
Los sistemas sensoriales se han trabajado desde diversas corrientes, como son la estimulación basal, los cuartos Snoezelen también conocidos como cuartos de estimulación multisensorial, el procesamiento sensorial y la teoría de la integración sensorial.
En los próximos capítulos, nos embarcaremos en un emocionante viaje para comprender como nuestros sentidos interactúan con el ambiente e influyen en nuestro comportamiento, y como este conocimiento puede mejorar la calidad de nuestras vidas.

Purpose Multisensory stimulation is integral to experiential consumption. However, a gap persists between recognition of the importance of multisensory stimulation and the research techniques used to study the effects of such stimulation on consumption experiences. This article draws on sensory anthropology to narrow the gap. Design/methodology/approach Sensory anthropology has the potential to help consumer researchers understand multisensory stimulation and its effect on consumption experiences. To highlight this potential, ethnographic fieldwork is reported for two related experiential settings: yacht racing and adventure racing. Findings It is shown how consumer researchers can apply concepts and data collection techniques from sensory anthropology to derive powerful insights into consumption experiences. A set of guidelines and examples is derived from the embodied concepts associated with sensory anthropology, namely, kinaesthetic schema, bodily mimesis, the mindful body and l...

Freshness perception has received recent consideration in the field of consumer science mainly because of its hedonic dimension, which is assumed to influence consumers' preference and behavior. However, most studies have considered freshness as a multisensory attribute of food and beverage products without investigating the cognitive mechanisms at hand. In the present review, we endorse a slightly different perspective on freshness. We focus on (i) the multisensory integration processes that underpin freshness perception, and (ii) the top-down factors that influence the explicit attribution of freshness to a product by consumers. To do so, we exploit the recent literature on the cognitive underpinnings of flavor perception as a heuristic to better characterize the mechanisms of freshness perception in the particular case of beverages. We argue that the lack of consideration of particular instances of flavor, such as freshness, has resulted in a lack of consensus about the content and structure of different types of flavor representations. We then enrich these theoretical analyses, with a review of the cognitive mechanisms of flavor perception: from multisensory integration processes to the influence of top-down factors (e.g., attentional and semantic). We conclude that similarly to flavor, freshness perception is characterized by hybrid content, both perceptual and semantic, but that freshness has a higher-degree of specificity than flavor. In particular, contrary to flavor, freshness is characterized by specific functions (e.g., alleviation of oropharyngeal symptoms) and likely differs from flavor with respect to the weighting of each sensory contributor, as well as to its subjective location. Finally, we provide a comprehensive model of the cognitive mechanisms that underlie freshness perception. This model paves the way for further empirical research on particular instances of flavor, and will enable advances in the field of food and beverage cognition.

Synesthesia is a phenomenon in which stimulation of one sense leads to involuntary experiences of another sense. Recent research has begun to explore the relationship between synesthesia and food perception. This meta-analysis examined six studies investigating the relationship between food and synesthesia. These studies used a variety of methods, including self-report forms, neuroimaging, and behavioral experiments, to explore how synesthetic experiences can affect food perception. Overall, the results suggest that synesthetic experiences can have a significant impact on food perception. However, the studies in this meta-analysis differed in methodology and sample size, which may limit the generalizability of the findings. In addition, there is much to be learned about the mechanisms underlying synesthetic experiences, and more research is needed to fully understand the relationship between food and synesthesia. This systematic review and meta-analysis was undertaken to provide a comprehensive overview of the current state of research on food and synesthesia. It is thought that more research is needed in order for food and synesthesia research to reach its full potential in meeting the needs of the sector.

Accounts of predictive processing propose that conscious experience is influenced not only by passive predictions about the world, but also by predictions encompassing how the world changes in relation to our actions-that is, on predictions about sensorimotor contingencies. We tested whether valid sensorimotor predictions, in particular learned associations between stimuli and actions, shape reports about conscious visual experience. Two experiments used instrumental conditioning to build sensorimotor predictions linking different stimuli with distinct actions. Conditioning was followed by a breaking continuous flash suppression task, measuring the speed of reported breakthrough for different pairings between the stimuli and prepared actions, comparing those congruent and incongruent with the trained sensorimotor predictions. In Experiment 1, counterbalancing of the response actions within the breaking continuous flash suppression task was achieved by repeating the same action within each block but having them differ across the two blocks. Experiment 2 sought to increase the predictive salience of the actions by avoiding the repetition within blocks. In Experiment 1, breakthrough times were numerically shorter for congruent than incongruent pairings, but Bayesian analysis supported the null hypothesis of no influence from the sensorimotor predictions. In Experiment 2, reported conscious perception was significantly faster for congruent than for incongruent pairings. A meta-analytic Bayes factor combining the two experiments confirmed this effect. Altogether, we provide evidence for a key implication of the action-oriented predictive processing approach to conscious perception, namely that sensorimotor predictions shape our conscious experience of the world.

El presente proyecto sociocrítico se hizo para la escuela o CAM 7506 GABRIELA BRIMMER mediante la aplicación de los ajustes razonables y el Diseño Universal del Aprendizaje. La institución se ubica en Ciudad de Juárez, estado de chihuahua, México. En la escuela se atienden los grados de preescolar, primaria, secundaria y formacion para la vida adulta. Actualmente, cuenta con ocho docentes frente a grupo y cuatro especialistas, en la cual se atienden 56 estudiantes. El proyecto se diseño para atender una necesidad especificaen el contexto educativo del grupo de preescolar multigrado en el CAM 7506. Dentro del gurpo de preescolar se atienen estudiantes con discapacidad o problemas significativos de aprendizaje como: Sindrome de Down, Trastorno del Espectro Autista y discapacidad visual. Antes de planear el proyecto socioformativo, se hizo un diagnóstico socioeducativo del grupo, arrojando como resultado que los alumnos presentan problemas de comunicación que dificultan su autonomia y la capacidad para expresarse de manera eficaz. Por lo que en el presente proyecto se abordó la problemática de COMUNICACIÓN Planeación del proyecto socioformativo TÍTULO: CONECTA CON TUS SENTIDOS Y EXPRESA Nivel: Fase 2 Preescolar Grado: Multigrado Fecha de inicio: Fecha de finalización: Propósito general: El proyecto tiene como propósito mejorar las habilidades de comunicación de los estudiantes para promover su autonomía y permitirles una mejor expresión dentro y fuera del aula.

Bilimsel soyutlama temsil edilecek belirli bir hedefin sahip olduğu bazı özelliklerin ihmal edilmesi işlemidir. Her temsil tanım gereği soyutlama içermektedir. Nitekim temsili yapılacak ya da modellenecek hedef sistemde ihmal edilmesi uygun görülen birçok faktör bulunmaktadır. Soyutlamanın bilimsel araştırma için vazgeçilmez bir unsur olduğu fikri tartışma götürmeyecek düzeyde bir hakikat olarak görülmektedir. Ne var ki temsile ilişkin bu işlemin doğası hususunda böylesi tartışmasız bir hakikate sahip değiliz. Bu makalede, ilk olarak, soyutlamaya ait felsefi literatürde yer alan kimi standart görüşleri ele alıyorum. Daha sonra standart görüşlere göre soyutlamanın çok daha rafine versiyonu detaylı olarak analiz edip bu görüşün, bilimde görsel temsillerden biri olan kartografik haritalar için yeterli bir kuramsal zemin sağlamadığını ileri sürüyorum.

This study investigates how walkability variables and sensory experience affect each other. In order to carry out the investigation, discussions of both movement and sensory perception of space were carried out. The Commented Walk method, one of the Mobile Methods, was used as a methodological approach to gauge the multisensory perception experience of the interviewees. The degree of walkability was measured using parameters obtained from existing literature. Four locations were selected in Istanbul and analyzed multidimensionally through the lenses of walkability and sensory experience. To support the analyses made of the spaces' physical components, it was determined that the results obtained by measuring the individual's original experience could be used to effectively define that space's character. The analyses revealed that examining the space through walkability parameters was not sufficient to explain the users' perception of sensory stimuli. Ensuring movement continuity and a comfortable walking route allowed for an experience of spatial diversity as well as the perception of fragmented stimuli.

Çağdaş Türk resim sanatı, disiplinlerarası bir yaklaşımla ele alındığında, estetik ve deneyimsel süreçlerin çok boyutlu bir yansıma sunduğu söylenebilmektedir. Özellikle sinestezi, sanatsal yaratıcılıkta önemli bir ilham kaynağı olarak ortaya çıkmakta ve sanatçıların eserlerinde duyusal algıların birbirine karıştığı bir ifade biçimi geliştirmelerine olanak tanımaktadır (Mulvenna, 2014). Sinestezi, bir duyunun uyarılmasıyla başka bir duyunun otomatik olarak tetiklenmesi şeklinde tanımlanan nörolojik bir fenomen olup, özellikle renk, ses ve dokular arasındaki ilişkileri görselleştiren sanatçılar için zengin bir anlatım aracı sunmaktadır (Cytowic & Eagleman, 2009). Çağdaş Türk resim sanatında bu tür duyular arası yaklaşımlar hem bireysel hem de toplumsal anlatılarla zenginleştirilmiş, farklı sanat disiplinleriyle harmanlanarak daha geniş bir ifade alanı yaratmıştır.

The accuracy of Grid-based maps can be enhanced by putting a Gaussian in every cell of the map. However, this solution works poorly for coarse discretizations in multi-scale maps. This paper proposes a method to overcome the problem by allowing several Gaussians per cell at coarse scales. We introduce a multi-scale approach to compute an error measure for each scale with respect to the finer one. This measure constitutes the basis of an incremental refinement algorithm where the error is used to select the cells in which the number of Gaussians should be increased. As a result, the accuracy of the map can be selectively enhanced by making efficient use of computational resources. Moreover, the error measure can also be applied to compress a map by deleting the finer scale clusters when the error in the coarse ones is low. The approach is based on a recent clustering algorithm that models input data as Gaussians rather than points, as is the case for conventional algorithms. In addition to mapping, this clustering paradigm makes it possible to perform map merging and to represent feature hierarchies under a sound theoretical framework. Our approach has been validated with both real and simulated 3-D data.

Resumen:

El proyecto "Explora, Siente, Conecta y Expresa: Un Viaje Sensorial Inolvidable" busca mejorar las habilidades de comunicación de los niños del preescolar multigrado en el CAM #7506 Gabriela Brimmer, en Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua. El objetivo es ayudar a los estudiantes a expresar sus emociones, necesidades y pensamientos a través de actividades sensoriales y kinestésicas, como juegos de movimiento, exploración de texturas y sonidos, y el uso de tarjetas sensoriales.

Este enfoque se adapta a las necesidades de cada niño, especialmente aquellos con discapacidades visuales o del espectro autista, utilizando materiales táctiles, visuales y sonoros. El proyecto también involucra a las familias, enseñándoles a usar estos recursos en casa para apoyar la comunicación de los niños.

Las actividades están diseñadas para fomentar la participación activa de los estudiantes, ayudándolos a mejorar su autonomía y sus habilidades de comunicación, tanto en la escuela como en su vida diaria. La evaluación se realizará a través de observaciones y retroalimentación, enfocándose en la expresión de emociones y el uso de los materiales sensoriales.

We present the results of an on-line survey that assessed how people associate different music styles and soundscapes with food types. The participants were asked to pair a song/soundscape with one of the food types that were showed as options. They also rated – on a likert scale – how good they thought the sonic stimulus went with their choice of food. Results show that people matched most of sound-food pairs as expected, although some seem to be more influenced by cultural background than others. We believe that these insights may be useful when developing multisensory experiences that are intended to influence human decision-making. For example, a catering facility may use soundscapes to increase the consumption of a certain menu, in order to minimize the production of waste, or simply to foment a more healthy behavior when it comes to food choices.

Enactivism is a philosophical and scientific approach that emphasizes the role of the body and its interactions with the environment in shaping cognitive processes and subjective experiences. Meanwhile, osteopathy is a person-centered health care discipline, highlighting the structure-function interrelationship of the body and its selfregulation mechanisms. Both approaches value the body and the environment in health. Several authors have been discussing the urgent need for a reconceptualization of osteopathy and also suggesting integrate biological, psychological and social aspects. Thinking osteopathy as a Therapeutic Rationality, implies recognize its fundamental dimensions: Human Morphology, Vital Dynamics, Medical Doctrine, Diagnostic System and Therapeutic System, all integrated by a philosophical Cosmology, as the original term Medical rationality states, but also embrace a broader perspective allowing an individual and unique process of each person, reflecting the transformation of contemporary medicine to a person approach. Enactivism principles can serve as a basis for a reconceptualization of osteopathy, integrating environmental, psychological, social, and spiritual factors. Osteopathic concepts can probably be updated through the convergence between enactivism and osteopathy, promoting more meaningful and evidence-based clinical practice. Advancing in this direction requires a collaborative dialogue between researchers, health professionals and interested people, seeking an integrated understanding of the relationship between body, mind, environment and health.

Meaning in sensory language is often built through figurative mechanisms, such as synesthetic metaphors, where a sensorial domain is used to talk about perceptions from a different sense, as in sweet [TASTE] texture [TOUCH]. The motivation of synesthetic transfers of meaning has been studied in general and literary language, resulting in attempts to reveal universal patterns regarding the directionality of meaning transfer and sensorial conceptual preference. However, those universals have not been proven in any sensory Language for Specific Purposes (LSP). We a sensory LSP corpus of olive oil tasing notes in English to explore the nature of these metaphors, test existent models and explanatory accounts and identify tendencies present in synesthetic meaning transfers. The computer-assisted semi-automatic scalable methodology followed consists of the innovative quasi-simultaneous identification of semantic incongruences and the classification of synesthetic expressions in the discourse according to the source and target sensorial domains. Results show the inadequacy of existent models to explain synesthetic behavior in olive oil tasting language. The patterns found are discussed in the light of cognitive constraints and LSP genre analysis to conclude that a multi-causal approach is needed to explain the motivation of synesthetic transfers of meaning.

Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are critical for transducing acetylcholine signals in the brain and periphery, but are highjacked by the nicotine in tobacco. Addiction to smoking is driven by multiple effects of nicotine and other constituents in tobacco, and studies in genetically-manipulated mice have been essential for identifying the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying nicotine reinforcement. While ongoing smoking is driven by the effects of nicotine on brain areas related to reward and addiction to abused drugs, smokers report that they also use tobacco to control appetite. Distinct nAChRs and brain regions are involved in the effects of nicotinic drugs on food intake, raising the possibility that the addictive and appetite-suppressing effects of nicotine can be separated by more selective medications. Finally, other constituents in tobacco, particularly menthol and sweet tastants, likely also contribute to smoking behavior. These constituents interact with receptors involved in taste and temperature sensation, and interactions between taste, reward and appetite combine to influence ongoing tobacco smoking. These studies separate the molecular mechanisms involved in distinct behaviors that contribute to a significant public health problem, and identify potential novel targets for promoting smoking cessation. Funding Acknowledgements: DA14241, DA036151 (FDA TCORS), DA037566. FCOI Declarations: None.

"The Future is Hybrid" is the title of a presentation I delivered during a conference at the Faculty of Communication Arts of Chulalongkorn University in Bangkok on 12 March 2018. This conference (see poster pdfs here summarizing its contents) was organized together with my colleagues Peter Chanthanakone, Nicolas Verstappen, and Christian Sandor. My presentation, a public lecture, was followed by a workshop on the multisensory which I did together with Nicolas Verstappen.
NB Our conference also resulted in an article in Communication and Media in Asia Pacific entitled "Augmented Reality and Animation in Thailand Context". This article was written by Peter Chanthanakone and Christian Sandor and was published in CMAP, vol. 1, nr 1, July - December 2018. I have included this article here stating the name of its authors and title under 'papers'.

We present three digital systems: the Augmented Glass, the Bone-Conduction Hookah, and the sound installation T2M, designed for displaying sound and taste stimuli, with applications in research on crossmodal taste-sound interactions, multisensory experiences and performances, entertainment and health. CCS CONCEPTS • Human-centered computing → Human computer interaction (HCI) → Interaction devices → Sound-based input / output

This article discusses applications of technology for sensory-disabled audiences in modern and contemporary art exhibitions. One case study of experimental artistic and curatorial research by The OtherAbilities art collective is discussed: a series of prototype tools for sensory translation from audible sound to vibration were developed to be embeddable in the architecture of spaces where art is presented. In the article, the case study is approached from a curatorial perspective. Based on bibliographical sources, the article starts with a brief historical reference to disability art activism and a presentation of contemporary accessibility solutions for sensory-disabled audiences in museums. The research for the case study was conducted during testing and feedback sessions on the prototypes using open-ended oral interviews, open-ended written comments, and ethnographic observation of visitors’ behavior during exhibitions. The testers were d/Deaf, hard of hearing and hearing. The results focus on the reception of the sensory translation of audible sound to vibration by test users of diverse hearing abilities and on the reception of the prototypes in the context of art and design exhibitions. The article closes with a reflection on how disability scholarship meets art curatorial theory in the example of the article’s case study.

This essay points out an inverse continuum that runs throughout the various modes of architectural representation. Where on one extreme orthographic projection occurs within a static, immobile, and abstract picture plane – virtual reality models occupy the inverse extreme by allowing for a dynamic, mobile, and three-dimensional representation of architecture. Virtual reality models (unlike computer animation or panoramic viewers) allow for a high degree of kinesthetic representation since an observer can independently “walk through” space, pause, look “up and around”, or “float” at will through an environment without restraint. Virtual reality models do well at simulating the kinesthetic experience of space in time and are worthy of consideration by architects as a significant mode of representation for their work.
The essay explores four key benefits to virtual reality models over traditional means of architectural representation; these include:
Time: duration, action, moment, and memory
Liberty: uninhibited motion, speed, pause, detour, and exploration
Experience: kinesthetic space-experience, synthetic form-experience, and temporal experience
Ineffability: silence, existence, flux, and the possession of space
The conference presentation will include a selection of five virtual reality models (which have served as the inspiration for this essay and have become part of the research; all designed and modeled by the author) will be presented to illustrate the four key benefits of virtual reality models.