Management

Organ/tissue donation and transplantation has been one of the successes of modern medicine.In Ethiopia, a considerable number of people lose their sight due to damage to their cornea. Despite the high demand, only a few people pledge their corneal tissue when they die.Health workers could play an exemplary role in motivating the general public toward the donation of corneal tissue.However, there is limited information about their attitude and intention toward corneal donation. This study aims to assess the intention of health workers toward corneal tissue donation using the Theory of Planned Behavior which is a robust model for predicting intentions toward behavior. Method: We conducted an institution based cross-sectional study among 595 health care workers selected randomly using a multistage sampling method in Addis Ababa.Data were collected using an anonymous self-administered questionnaire. Descriptive statistics was used to assess the demographic information with correlation and regression analysis to identify factors in uencing health workers' intention todonate corneal tissue in A.A, Ethiopia. Result: With a response rate of 94%, the median age of the respondents was 29 years SD (+5.45).A total of 311(52.3%), 417 (70.1%) and 304 (51.1%) were male, Orthodox Christians and never married respectively. Health workers had a neutral intention to donate their corneal tissue with a mean intention score of 9.07 (range: 3-15).The TPB explained 61.2% of the variation in the intention to donate corneal tissue among health workers. Perceived behavioral control (PBC) was found to be the strongest predictor of intention to donate corneal tissue (β= 0.411: CI (0.387, 0.580), with attitude (β= 0.234: CI (0.124, 0.219) and subjective norm (β= 0.136: CI (0.078, 0.250) being the second and third strongest predictors respectively. The partial eta squared values were 53.6%, 36.9% and 37.2% respectively, with respect to the above order. Conclusion: This study suggests that health workers did not decide to donate their corneal tissue upon death. Real inhibiting and facilitating factors that affect organ donation have more in uence on health workers' intention to donate their corneal tissue than their perception about corneal donation and the perceived social pressure on them to donate their corneal tissue. On the other hand previous experience was a strong predictor of intention where those who had Previous experiences of organ donation were intending to donate corneal tissue upon death.

paylaşılan vizyon, (iii) takım halinde öğrenme, (iv) zihinsel modeller ve (v) örgütsel yapı]olmak üzere beş alt boyuttan ve toplam altmış (60) maddeden oluşmaktadır. Örgütsel Bağlılık Ölçeği ise Allen ve tarafından geliştirilmiş olup tarafından Türkçeye uyarlanmıştır. Ölçek beşli Likert skalasında olup üç alt boyuttan [(i) duygusal bağlılık, (ii) devam bağlılığı ve (iii) normatif bağlılık] ve toplam yirmi dört (24) maddeden oluşmaktadır. Araştırmada elde edilen verilerin çözümlenmesinde; Pearson çarpım momentler korelâsyon ve çoklu doğrusal regresyon analizleri kullanılmıştır. Araştırma bulguları, öğrenen örgüt boyutlarının birlikte örgütsel bağlılığın %32'sini istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde yordadığını göstermektedir.

Resumen Cual sea el país, un campus universi- tario es un lugar compuesto por una diversidad de elementos, distintos usos, distintos edificios, distintos perfiles de ocupación. El campus universitario que sostiene nuestra reflexión es el campus de Ciencias y Tecnologías de la Universidad de Bordeaux. Este campus ha hecho un sinnúmero de esfuerzos por responder a las interrogaciones sobre el desarrollo durable, como por ejemplo la puesta en marcha de las calderas a leña, a gas y la cogeneración, pero a la que se le ha sumado hoy día una indispensable reflexión sobre el patrimonio construido, esencialmente en los años 60, como

O objetivo do presente trabalho foi estimar através de método não-destrutivo o índice de área foliar do híbrido de canola Hyola 61 em variações de espaçamento e densidade de semeadura. O delineamento experimental foi de blocos casualizados com parcelas subdivididas, sendo que nas parcelas foram distribuídos os espaçamentos entre linhas (17, 34, 51 e 68cm) e nas subparcelas as densidades (15, 30, 45 e 60 plantas m-2). Para determinação do comprimento, largura do limbo foliar e da área foliar, bem como estabelecimento de uma correlação entre essas variáveis foram coletadas aleatoriamente 250 folhas. Posteriormente, foram selecionadas aleatoriamente quatro plantas por unidade experimental, que tiveram todas as folhas medidas quanto ao comprimento e largura para estimativa da área foliar e do índice de área foliar. O comprimento do limbo foliar é a variável biométrica com maior correlação com a área foliar. Um comportamento linear entre o adensamento de plantas e o índice de área foliar...

Resumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a dinâmica floral e determinar o índice de abortamento de flores de híbridos de canola (Brassica napus) e de mostarda castanha (Brassica juncea), bem como determinar suas relações com as condições meteorológicas do Sul do Brasil. Durante a floração, dez híbridos de canola e dois de mostarda foram avaliados a cada três dias quanto ao número de flores abertas, de síliquas e de flores abortadas. O número acumulado e relativo de flores foi usado para avaliação da dinâmica floral. A relação desses números com a soma térmica acumulada durante a floração foi determinada por meio de modelo logístico. A partir dos coeficientes desse modelo, identificaram-se grupos de genótipos com diferentes taxas de emissão de flores. O abortamento de flores entre híbridos variou de 10,53 a 45,96% e correlacionou-se com a temperatura e a demanda evaporativa da atmosfera. Genótipos com maiores tempos térmicos entre o período de máxima emissão de flores e o final da floração geralmente apresentam maiores percentagens de abortamento de flores. O ajuste dos dados de emissão de flores aos de soma térmica do período da floração, por meio de modelo logístico, permite simular a dinâmica floral de híbridos de canola e mostarda castanha. Termos para indexação: Brassica juncea, Brassica napus, deiscência natural, soma térmica, umidade relativa.

A laboratory-controlled comparison of traditional maneuvers based training (MBT) and scenario based training (SBT) is described during the acquisition of technically advanced aircraft (TAA) instrument flight skills in a simulator. The study was conducted as part of the FAA Industry Training Standards (FITS) evaluation of SBT. All 27 participants were instrument rated pilots with less than 500 total flight hours and virtually no experience with TAA. All were randomly assigned to the MBT or SBT condition. All received 8 hours of MBT or SBT before the final posttest evaluation. The TAA simulator was a Cirrus SR20 with a Chelton primary flight display (PFD) and multi-function display (MFD) powered by Micro Soft Flight Simulator (2002). Experimentally blind expert raters scored instrument flight skills during a pre-training (pre-test) and a similar post training (posttest) data collection flights. The SBT Group performed statistically better on 5 of the 8 measures of piloting ability than the MBT for the posttest flight. In no case, did the SBT Group score worse than the MBT group. The results indicate that SBT may lead to improved piloting and navigation skills over traditional maneuvers based training for TAA flight. Although MBT is a reliable method to teach flight and has so for decades, SBT, which is recommended by the FAA Industry Training Standards (FITS) program, may be a better strategy for TAA instrument flight skill acquisition.

Bu calismanin amaci, orgut kulturu ile orgutsel baglilik arasindaki iliskinin seyahat acentalari baglaminda incelenmesidir. Arastirma verileri anket vasitasiyla elde edilmistir. Uygulama Antalya’nin onemli bir turizm destinasyonu olan Manavgat’ta yer alan seyahat acentalarinda surekli istihdam edilen 107 isgoren uzerinde gerceklestirilmistir. Analizler sonucunda, orgut kulturu boyutlari ile orgutsel baglilik boyutlari arasinda anlamli iliskiler ve etkiler saptanmistir.

The study focuses on determining how an organization's culture moderates the link between transformational leadership and deposit-taking saccos (DTSACCOs) performance regarding Nairobi City County from a Kenyan perspective. The theory of transformational leadership, contingency theory, and the theory of organizational culture anchored this study. The design adopted a census with primary data applied. Furthermore, testing the hypothesis was based on a regression model at a 95% confidence level. According to the study, organizational culture significantly moderates the relationship between transformational leadership and organizational performance. The research will aid in developing the overall sustainability, competitiveness, allure, and performance of the deposit-taking SACCOs sector both within the nation and outside. In addition, leaders should put the best leadership that satisfies the market needs and adopt the best acceptable culture that satisfies customers in the current and potential brackets. Thus, to successfully direct the improvement of corporate culture in pursuit of desired organizational goals, transformational leadership attributes must be appropriate and effectively executed.

This research is an empirical study which aims to analyze the impact of leadership, internal communication, and career development on employee job satisfaction at Plasa Telkom East Java and Central Java Province. The research was conducted at the Plaza offices of East Java and Central Java Province involving the employee population (93 respondents) and using questionnaires and documentation as data collection tools. The research results show that partially, leadership and internal communication have a significant impact on employee job satisfaction, while career development does not show a significant impact. Overall, these three variables have a significant impact on the job satisfaction of Plasa Telkom employees in East Java and Central Java Province, with leadership as the most dominant factor, indicated by a regression coefficient value that is greater than the smallest probability value. The relationship between leadership, internal communication, career development and employe...

The objective of this research is to investigate whether or not there is a significant relationship between knowledge of the law and anticorruption attitude in the 10 th graders of SMK Negeri 2 Karanganyar. This research employed a descriptive quantitative method that was correlational in nature. The result of research showed that there was a positive and significant relationship between knowledge of the law and anticorruption attitude, in the 10 th graders of SMA Negeri 2 Karanganyar. The result of data analysis obtained rxy = 0.517 at significance level of 5% with N = 132, r table = 0.170 so that r statistic > r table 0.517 > 0.170, so that Ha was supported and Ho was not supported meaning that there was a positive relationship between X and Y variables. Meanwhile, t statistic = 6.885 at significance level of 5% with df (n-2) = 132 – 2 = 130 and t statistic = 1.656 so that t statistic > t table yaitu 6.885 > 1.656, so that X variable contributed significantly to Y vari...

Zamysł realizacji kompleksowego projektu poświęconego niematerialnemu dziedzictwu Poznania nabrał konkretnego kształtu jesienią 2023 r.,
ale kiełkował już dużo wcześniej. Biorąc udział w spotkaniach nieformalnego klubu laureatów konkursu Polska Pięknieje, miałam okazję przyglądać się z bliska staraniom o wpis tradycji układania dywanów kwietnych
na procesję Bożego Ciała w Spycimierzu na Listę krajową niematerialnego dziedzictwa kulturowego (2018 r.), a następnie o miejsce na podium
– wpis na Listę reprezentatywną niematerialnego dziedzictwa kulturowego ludzkości UNESCO (2021 r.). Będąc obserwatorką tych przełomowych wydarzeń, odczułam, jak ogromną pozytywną społeczną zmianę
wyzwala wspólne działanie na rzecz ochrony dziedzictwa niematerialnego. Procesy, jakie zaszły w siedmiotysięcznej gminie, stanowią inspirującą przesłankę do poszukiwania nowych kierunków rozwoju, budowania
społecznej spójności i wzmacniania tożsamości mieszkańców Poznania,
choćby na poziomie poznańskich fyrtli [ze Wstępu].

Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly embedded within organizational infrastructures, yet the foundational role of data in shaping AI outcomes remains underexplored. This study positions data at the center of complexity, uncertainty, and strategic decision-making in AI development, aligning with the emerging paradigm of data-centric AI (DCAI). Based on in-depth interviews with 74 senior AI and data professionals, the research examines how experts conceptualize and operationalize data throughout the AI lifecycle. A thematic analysis reveals five interconnected domains reflecting sociotechnical and organizational challenges-such as data quality, governance, contextualization, and alignment with business objectives. The study proposes a conceptual model depicting data as a dynamic infrastructure underpinning all AI phases, from collection to deployment and monitoring. Findings indicate that data-related issues, more than model sophistication, are the primary bottlenecks undermining system reliability, fairness, and accountability. Practically, this research advocates for increased investment in the development of intelligent systems designed to ensure high-quality data management. Theoretically, it reframes data as a site of labor and negotiation, challenging dominant model-centric narratives. By integrating empirical insights with normative concerns, this study contributes to the design of more trustworthy and ethically grounded AI systems within the DCAI framework.

Leadership is a complex and unique phenomenon of social interaction, anyone will show leadership behavior when interacting in a format that influences others. Even in personal capacity, in the human body there is capacity or potential as a controller, which essentially facilitates a person to be able to lead himself.This research journal was conducted at SMKS Sagaranten which is located on the cigadog highway km.2 sagaranten sukabumi and produces the influence of the principal's leadership to increase the quantity of students.Leadership is often given the meaning of degree of influence, while the leader is the person who has the most potential to influence. Leaders who cannot actualize their influence do not have the character of true leadership. Then we must know how educational leadership is so the purpose of this article is to dig deeper into leadership and complete the task. Articles are made with techniques for gathering resources such as reading material and books on leade...

Over several decades, management control theory has raised managers' attention and carried out several research projects to develop knowledge in both areas, namely academia and organisations. Managers and academics felt that the focus on single traditional accounting indicators was not enough to guide decision towards the defined strategy.Following this path, Management Control Tools have been recognized as relevant tools to guide managers in monitoring an organisation’s performance, considering a relationship between the organizations’ strategic objectives and their performance measurement. To achieve this alignment, organizational leaders are uninterruptedly facing the challenge of measuring their performance to fit shareholders' expectations, which led them to implement Management Control Tools to meet this challenge. On the hand of management tools, managers can align the measurement of performance according to the individual indicators, which at the end flow towards the...

Demands and resources of the work experience have been shown to be important antecedents to development of job burnout and exhaustion among individual workers, and a recent line of research has applied the demands-resources perspective to model pressures that can arise in group work. We conducted a study of the group task demands-resources model to extend testing from information technology (IT) student group settings-where the model was developed-to the context of group work among IT professionals. We find that most antecedents in the model are predictive of group work pressure or task performance satisfaction, however, several important differences emerged in findings between prior tests with IT students and the IT professionals we surveyed in this study.

Market competition in food industry is growing tougher and tougher. More accurate quality service and faster delivery time are customer demands. One way to achieve them is to improve logistics and warehouse sector. Performance measurement must be established and monitored periodically. The research is conducted by using Balanced Scorecard at PT. GMS -Jakarta. The result has shown that three aspects: financial, customer, internal process must be maintained and one aspect must be improved: learning and growth

This study aims to determine the effect of brand characteristic variables consisting of brand reputation, brand predictability, and brand competence on brand loyalty to MSMEs Kak Fiet brand consumers in Soloraya. The sample in this study was 127 respondents who were taken through purposive sampling method. The analytical tools used in this research include instrument data test, classical assumption test, path coefficient test, goodness of fit test and hypothesis testing using the SmartPLS program. The results of this study indicate that 1) Brand reputation has a positive and significant effect on brand loyalty; 2) Brand predictability has a positive and insignificant effect on brand loyalty; 3) Brand competence has a positive and significant effect on brand loyalty; This means that not all brand characteristic variables will have a significant effect on brand loyalty on MSMEs Kak Fiet brand in Soloraya

Cette recherche vise à adapter unModèle initialde la compétence interculturelle des directions d’établissement scolaire de langue française au Québec et au Nouveau-Brunswick. La méthode des entretiens de groupe a été employée lors de rencontres avec sept directions d’établissement au Québec et 17, au Nouveau-Brunswick. Une analyse de contenu a montré que, dans l’ensemble, les indicateurs des composantesConnaissances,AttitudesetHabiletésduModèle initialétaient bien adaptés au contexte des deux provinces. Cependant, six indicateurs ont été ajoutés afin de permettre une meilleure adaptation duModèle initialau contexte des dites provinces. Cette recherche permet donc de présenter unModèle adaptéde la compétence interculturelle des directions d’établissement scolaire de langue française au Québec et au Nouveau-Brunswick qui peut servir d’outil d’(auto)formation.

Virtual groups have been defined to be an assemblage of persons that are physically or administratively separated but work together concurrently and cooperatively on job procedures through correspondences as well as information technology for achieving definite objectives. Managing a virtual remote workgroup is difficult and requires additional competences when compared to traditional management. Many managers are not capable of remote working or trained for such work situations leading to challenges associated with fulfilment of responsibilities. There is a need for managers to acquire fresh skill set. Understanding the unique social aspects and computer mediated technicalities encompassing management of virtual workforces will enhance organisational productivity likewise create an efficient human resource management (HRM) structure that can enhance attainments. This article is an integrative review of literatures aimed at expanding human resources management scope. In-depth invest...

This study aims to answer the question: can an employer grant an award without prior arrangement of the award regulations, when a company trade union is active? To do this, it is necessary to define the award itself for the purposes of the labor law system. It is also necessary, in order to put forward the final thesis, to specify the obligation to establish the regulations of awards with trade unions and to define the nature of the regulations themselves. The author pays particular attention to the relationship between the nature of the award, and the objective scope of the awards regulations. This issue is not only important and very sensitive from the point of view of the boundaries set by the very definition of the award, but it is of particular importance in the practical and correct application of the law.

This paper introduces innovation, competition and regulatory change as dominant themes in international business. ■ These themes represent focussed trajectories for future research despite diversity in their causes, processes and consequences and the interactions between them which reflect the increasingly complex environment in which managers operate. ■ This diversity and the significant interactions between the three areas pose a challenge to scholars, with current research both shedding light on particular aspects and on the interactions between the elements in applied settings as demonstrated by the contributions to this focused issue.

This paper examines leadership mistakes made by Moses, arguably one of the most outstanding leaders of all time. The Bible considers him to be the greatest prophet and a man of boundless humility; secular and contemporary moral leaders seek to be compared to the iconic lawgiver. However, Moses was, to some degree, a failed leader. Moses was unable to take his flock's psychological needs into account and was reactive rather than proactive in handling a crisis. The Bible indicates that he was punished harshly, leaving his mission to be completed by Joshua, his protégé and successor. The authors use Moses's leadership failures to derive lessons for today's leaders.

In the last few years, there has been an increasing interest in pursuing collaboration relationships within interorganizational environments; that is to say, among members of a Supply Chain/Network. The aim of collaborative relationships is to obtain competitive advantages. However, if this type of relationship is not properly managed, it may not always be successful. In this sense, it is necessary to understand the main aspects that compose interorganizational relationships within these contexts so that these aspects can be managed. In this paper, a literature review of works that expose the main aspects of relationships within interorganizational environments is presented under a twofold perspective: works that expose the main characteristics of interorganizational relationships and Performance Measurement Systems (PMSs) for interorganizational environments.

This document is made available under Deposit Licence (No Redistribution -no modifications). We grant a non-exclusive, nontransferable, individual and limited right to using this document. This document is solely intended for your personal, noncommercial use. All of the copies of this documents must retain all copyright information and other information regarding legal protection. You are not allowed to alter this document in any way, to copy it for public or commercial purposes, to exhibit the document in public, to perform, distribute or otherwise use the document in public. By using this particular document, you accept the above-stated conditions of use.

For all the great authors or for the most part of creative of contemporary authors, their origins, families and friendships confer or give a special "silhouette" to understand the roots of their scientific personality. Nassim Nicholas Taleb remains a unique spirit and a multidisciplinary personality of the 21st century. NNT -as the author abbreviates his own name in the text of his books -was born in Lebanon, in a family composed from a physician and an anthropology researcher, holding French citizenship and profound Antiochian Greek origins. In his latest and remarkable book entitled Skin in the Game: Hidden Asymmetries in Daily Life (2018). He recognizes the classic cultural influences, and the proof of this truth is on the first page of the work, as dedication to his brave friends Ron Paul and Ralph Nader, the first as "Roman among Greeks" and the second as "Phoenician Greek spirit". Book after book, the NNT's amplitude of creativity or his scientific personality is permanently expanded beyond the stability of the classical or ancient values being associated with the profound discernment of his scientific opinions and with the perspective of his modern multidisciplinary approaches.

This document is made available under Deposit Licence (No Redistribution -no modifications). We grant a non-exclusive, nontransferable, individual and limited right to using this document. This document is solely intended for your personal, noncommercial use. All of the copies of this documents must retain all copyright information and other information regarding legal protection. You are not allowed to alter this document in any way, to copy it for public or commercial purposes, to exhibit the document in public, to perform, distribute or otherwise use the document in public. By using this particular document, you accept the above-stated conditions of use.

The article provides a creative investigation into FDI, based on three major international statistical indicators of major signaling nature. Among the indicators of the country risk rating, Euromoney (ECR) was selected after successive evaluations. The second relevant statistical indicator, which was selected and validated, was the Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI) created by Transparency International, and the last one was the Economic Freedom Index (EFI), conducted by the Heritage Foundation. The article identifies the factorial impact of those three international statistical indicators in modelling the FDI volume, referring to these specific issues in the concrete case of Romania. The introduction presents the concept of investment alongside a series of international investment typologies. A section devoted to specialized literature lists the international investment theories and a number of derived modelling factors. In a necessary and succinct methodological section, the datab...

Systems of public transportation are essential to urban mobility because they provide social, economic, and environmental advantages. To improve service quality and advance sustainable transportation, it is crucial to comprehend how users perceive these systems. This paper explores the many facets of appreciating public transportation, in Italian urban contexts looking at elements like affordability, accessibility, service quality, environmental impact, and technological integration. This study uses information gathered from a nationwide survey to examine how the public and local public transportation users in Italy are perceived. The purpose of the study is to provide indications and to evaluate how frequent and infrequent users value several facets of public transportation services, such as accessibility, cost, frequency, cleanliness, timeliness, and environmental impact. A wide range of demographic samples contributed responses, offering a thorough picture of regional variations and shared issues. We seek to give a thorough overview of the factors influencing public transportation enjoyment and its implications for practice and policy by synthesizing recent research and empirical data. The findings highlight the significant challenge of changing travel habits, given that 72% of respondents own a car and 87% prefer private transportation over public options. This underscores the importance of

Energy-based learning algorithms have recently gained a surge of interest due to their compatibility with analog (post-digital) hardware. Existing algorithms include contrastive learning (CL), equilibrium propagation (EP) and coupled learning (CpL), all consisting in contrasting two states, and differing in the type of perturbation used to obtain the second state from the first one. However, these algorithms have never been explicitly compared on equal footing with same models and datasets, making it difficult to assess their scalability and decide which one to select in practice. In this work, we carry out a comparison of seven learning algorithms, namely CL and different variants of EP and CpL depending on the signs of the perturbations. Specifically, using these learning algorithms, we train deep convolutional Hopfield networks (DCHNs) on five vision tasks (MNIST, F-MNIST, SVHN, CIFAR-10 and CIFAR-100). We find that, while all algorithms yield comparable performance on MNIST, important differences in performance arise as the difficulty of the task increases. Our key findings reveal that negative perturbations are better than positive ones, and highlight the centered variant of EP (which uses two perturbations of opposite sign) as the best-performing algorithm. We also endorse these findings with theoretical arguments. Additionally, we establish new SOTA results with DCHNs on all five datasets, both in performance and speed. In particular, our DCHN simulations are 13.5 times faster with respect to Laborieux et al. [2021], which we achieve thanks to the use of a novel energy minimisation algorithm based on asynchronous updates, combined with reduced precision (16 bits).

This study identifies the determinants of the Brazilian private investment over the period 1970 to 2005. The paper presents the main theories of investment, their recent developments and main applications to Brazilian data. The results indicate that increases in income and economic activity influence positively investment of the private sector in Brazil. The reduction in credit volume, and the existence of political and economic instabilities is shown as harmful to the private investment in the analyzed period. The implementation of public policies that can guarantee economic stability and improves government's credibility, along with increases in credit offer, may boost private investment in Brazil.

O presente estudo identifica os determinantes do investimento privado no Brasil para o período compreendido entre 1970 e 2005. O artigo apresenta as principais teorias de investimento, os desenvolvimentos recentes e as principais aplicações para os dados brasileiros. Os resultados indicam que aumentos na renda e na atividade econômica influenciam positivamente o investimento do setor privado no Brasil. A redução no volume de crédito e a existência de instabilidades políticas e econômicas mostraram-se prejudiciais ao investimento privado no período analisado. A implementação de políticas públicas que possam garantir a estabilidade econômica e a credibilidade dos agentes, assim como aumentos na oferta de crédito, podem elevar o nível de investimento privado no Brasil.

O presente estudo identifica os determinantes do investimento privado no Brasil para o período compreendido entre 1970 e 2005. O artigo apresenta as principais teorias de investimento, os desenvolvimentos recentes e as principais aplicações para os dados brasileiros. Os ...

This paper contributes to the understanding of how critical reflection can be applied to sustainability. This was accomplished by tracing the progression of a tiny-house project over time and the associated activities, which involved sourcing secondhand and discarded materials. We are a group of researchers and practitioners who worked together to explore and challenge the established norms of sustainability in housing practices: who is building, what is being built, with what materials, and through which processes. The use of discarded materials as resources for building a tiny house came to be decisive in shaping a platform for inclusion and sustainable practices. While the most common practice of building involves buying the materials needed at a lumber yard, working with discarded and secondhand materials requires time and flexibility. Tools play a central role in adapting random waste to specific purposes, a process that also demands skills in handling tools creatively. Additionally, gathering, organizing, and cleaning are activities that should be given special attention when working with these types of materials. In this paper, we explain how we reinjected waste materials into the production chain and how our work contributes to sustainable development from environmental and social perspectives. The argument for sustainability in our research revolves around exploring processes that include more groups in society and alternative ways of organizing the resources available.

La faible représentation des femmes dans les filières STIM (Sciences, Technologies, Ingénierie et Mathématiques) reste un enjeu majeur au Cameroun. À l’École Nationale Supérieure Agro – Industrielle (ENSAI) de l’Université de Ngaoundéré, cette réalité interroge la persistance des étudiantes dans ces parcours. Le phénomène de la sous – représentation des femmes dans les filières STIM, malgré diverses politiques incitatives, s’expliquerait par des facteurs psychosociaux, notamment l’auto – efficacité, la motivation intrinsèque et extrinsèque. Or, leur interaction et leur impact précis sur la persévérance restent peu mesurés empiriquement. Cette étude interroge, à travers l’estime de soi, l’influence de ces 3 facteurs sur cette persistance. Elle s’appuie sur un questionnaire administré aux 72 étudiantes issues de 14 filières, sélectionnées selon un échantillonnage par choix raisonné. Les résultats montrent que l’estime de soi concourt à la persistance des étudiantes en STIM. En effet, l’auto – efficacité permet aux étudiantes de croire en leurs capacités, de rester ambitieuses, persévérantes et résilientes face aux difficultés. La motivation intrinsèque, liée à l’autonomie, à l’autodétermination et à l’intérêt pour la filière, renforce leur engagement. Enfin, la motivation extrinsèque, soutenue par les encouragements des parents et des enseignants ainsi que par l’espoir d’un emploi bien rémunéré, renforce leur confiance et leurs choix. L’étude recommande la valorisation des modèles féminins de réussite pour encourager l’identification et la projection. Cette piste contribuerait à améliorer l’attractivité et la rétention des étudiantes dans les filières scientifiques et techniques de l’ENSAI et, plus largement, des grandes écoles scientifiques camerounaises.



The low representation of women in STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) courses remains a major issue in Cameroon. At the National Higher School of Agro–Industrial Sciences (NHSAS) of the University of Ngaoundéré, this reality raises questions about the persistence of female students in these courses. The under–representation of women in STEM subjects, despite various incentive policies, can be explained by psychosocial factors, in particular self–efficacy and intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. However, little empirical research has been done into the interaction between these factors and their precise impact on perseverance. This study examines the influence of these 3 factors on persistence through self–esteem. It is based on a questionnaire administered to 72 female students from 14 streams, selected on the basis of purposive sampling. The results show that self–esteem contributes to the persistence of female STEM students. Self–efficacy enables students to believe in their abilities and to remain ambitious, persevering, and resilient in the face of difficulties. Intrinsic motivation, linked to autonomy, self-determination, and interest in the course, strengthens their commitment. Finally, extrinsic motivation, supported by encouragement from parents and teachers and the hope of a well–paid job, strengthens their confidence and their choices. The study recommends promoting successful female role models to encourage identification and projection. This would help to improve the attractiveness and retention of female students in the scientific and technical streams at ENSAI and, more broadly, at Cameroon’s leading science colleges.

This research investigates the interaction between technology readiness, change management, and job performance. The research explored the effects of technology readiness on change management and job performance, as well as the mediating role of change management in this relationship. A self-report questionnaire was distributed to obtain a representative sample, yielding 409 complete responses. All questions were mandatory to prevent missing data. The survey began with demographic items (age, gender, education, years spent in the organization tenure, and work experience) followed by validated scales: Technology readiness (optimism and innovativeness), Change management (leadership support and participation/communication), Job performance (perceived organizational support and work-life conflict). A Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) approach was selected for its unique advantages in testing complex theoretical relationships. The results indicated that technology readiness had no significant direct effect on change management or job performance and change management did not significantly mediate job performance. These results revealed that the widely accepted link between technology readiness and change management may be more contextdependent than previously assumed. The findings suggest that in organizational settings where change is mandated rather than voluntary, individual readiness may become less influential. These insights suggest organizations should focus on structural implementation factors over individual preparation when managing technological changes, offering a new

Internal and external state security determines defense needs. It takes place within the domain of foreign policy, as well as defense policy and strategy. One of the key elements of defense needs are weapons and military equipment requirements. Due to the fact that the state is the purchaser of armaments production, it has the legal obligation to develop defense industry and to ensure its safety. State services protect defense industry against unauthorized access. Existing threats require taking actions on the basis of the law on protection of classified information, and, when it is necessary, also conducting intelligence and surveillance operations.

This study concentrates on the crucial part artificial intelligence (AI) plays in improving strategic decision-making in businesses, a subject that is high on the agenda of contemporary administrative and scientific research. The research is based on a thorough systematic examination of recent literature, examining real-world models and experiments across several sectors, and drawing on theoretical frameworks like decision intelligence and human-machine collaboration. The results show that by offering data-driven insights, lowering cognitive biases, and strengthening businesses' capacity to react swiftly to market developments, AI considerably improves the precision, speed, and flexibility of decisions. The study also identifies important obstacles, such as algorithmic transparency problems, moral dilemmas, and the requirement for human supervision to guarantee responsible use. This study makes a practical contribution by offering managers and decision-makers specific suggestions on how to incorporate AI technologies into their plans in order to optimize advantages. It also emphasizes how implementing AI will affect society in ways like improving sustainability and reorganizing labor roles. This research's distinctive value is found in its integrative methodology, which blends theory and practice, as well as in its defined research agenda for evaluating the practical effects of AI in many businesses and environments.

Günümüz modern yaşamını geçmiş dönemlerden ayıran yönlerden birisi, ulaşım sistemlerinde varılan düzeydir. Karayolu ulaşımı, birçok ulaşım biçimine göre daha yaygın bir durumdadır. Bu ulaşım biçimi, ülkemizde anormal bir şekilde gelişmiş ve bunun sonucunda trafik kazaları adeta kaçınılmaz olmuştur. Türkiye karayollarında en çok bulunan araç otomobildir. Bu durumda, en fazla kazalarla karşı karşıya kalan araç otomobil, kişi ise otomobil sürücüleri olmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, otomobil sürücülerinin; kaza yapma durumları, hız ve kaza nedenleri karşısındaki tutum ve düşünceleri, trafik kurallarını algılama biçimleri, araç ve yol güvenliği konusundaki bilinç düzeyleri, trafikteki tutumları, alkollü araç kullanma konusundaki düşünceleri vs. ele alınmıştır. Bilgi toplama aracı olarak, yaygın tekniklerden anket kullanılmış, bunun yanında, enformel görüşme ve gözlem tekniklerine de yeri geldiğince başvurulmuştur. Belli bağımsız değişkenlerle (yaş, cinsiyet, medeni durum, öğrenim durumu, meslek durumu, coğrafi köken vs.), diğer değişkenler arasında ilişki aranmış ve bu sayede birtakım genellemelere ulaşılmaya gayret edilmiştir. Araştırma; betimsel ve ilişki arayıcı bir amaca yöneliktir.

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As the context of human life expands from personal to global, a new vision of scientific literacy is needed. Based on a synthesis of the literature and the findings of an online survey of South Korean and US secondary science teachers, we developed a framework for scientific literacy for South Korea that includes five dimensions: content knowledge, habits of mind, character and values, science as a human endeavor, and metacognition, and self‐direction. The framework was validated by international science educators. Although the names of these dimensions sound familiar, the framework puts a new perspective on scientific literacy by expanding and refining each dimension, stressing integrated understanding of big idea and the importance of character and values, adding metacognition, and emphasizing global citizenship. Twenty‐first century citizens need integrated understanding of the big ideas of science and habits of mind such as systematic thinking and communications. They also need ...

Terrorism is one of the most significant contemporary governance and security challenges faced by South Asia in the recent decades. Lack of education, poverty, unemployment, religious extremism, and ethnic conflict, inter-regional conflict between states, Indo-Pak relation, and inefficient criminal justice system has made the region a safe house of terrorism. Furthermore, political relationships among states characterized by suspicion, mistrust, and, often, outright hostility, have prevented the development of strong and effective regional cooperative mechanisms in South Asia. The study here reveals the growth of terrorism in this region and the factors of terrorism that motivated the terrorist groups to spread their activities here. Secondary sources have been used mainly to make historical origin of terrorism and making assessment of terrorist parties. Through historical analysis mainly the growth of terrorism in each country of South Asia has been described and the key factors that accelerated the spread of terrorism has been stated. The list of terrorist parties of each area along with their objectives, ideology, leadership, methods of operation, funding sources has been also shown precisely. The study concludes with the national and international efforts in combating terrorism in South Asia.

This study addresses variations of mtDNA and otolith morphometrics in Scomberomorus concolor and Scomberomorus sierra collected along the Mexican Pacific Coast and Gulf of California (GC) in 2002, 2007 and 2008. The catches of GC are reported without distinguishing species, serious problem account that S. concolor is included in the red list by the IUCN. For molecular identification a 592 bp fragment of the 16SrRNA gene was used, and a 410 bp fragment from the mtDNA control region was analysed. The 16SrRNA analysis gene generated two clades, corresponding to each species, which could only be distinguished from two nucleotide sites. The mtDNA sequences maintained the detected lineages, even when both species presented elevated polymorphism in relation to their levels of divergence. For morphometric analysis, a first analysis included samples of fish obtained in 2007 that were genetically identified. A second analysis included fish captured in the central GC that were identified using meristic criteria. Both shape analysis, generated statistically significant classification, the allocation per species was 100%, whereas the allocation of the fish identified using meristic characters was 95%. The deformation grids identified the dorsal zone of the otolith as the origin of the discrimination between species and the criterion for separation.