Electrospinning and Nanofibers Research Papers

The Mechanical Properties of Blended Fibrinogen:Polycaprolactone (PCL) Nanofibers

2025, Nanomaterials

Electrospinning is a process to produce versatile nanoscale fibers. In this process, synthetic and natural polymers can be combined to produce novel, blended materials with a range of physical, chemical, and biological properties. We... more

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The Mechanical Properties of Blended Fibrinogen:Polycaprolactone (PCL) Nanofibers

by Nouf Alharbi

2025, Nanomaterials

Electrospinning is a process to produce versatile nanoscale fibers. In this process, synthetic and natural polymers can be combined to produce novel, blended materials with a range of physical, chemical, and biological properties. We... more

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Electrospinning of cellulose acetate nanofiber membrane using methyl ethyl ketone and N, N-Dimethylacetamide as solvents

by Veereshgouda Naragund

2024, Materials Chemistry and Physics

Cellulose acetate nanofibers electrospun using high boiling point solvent mixture of MEK and DMAc. � Formation of cylindrical and beaded CA nanofibers mapped vs. solvent ratios and polymer concentration. � Sessile drop experiments proved... more

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Fabrication and Characterization of Ibuprofen and Ceftriaxone loaded Electrospun Cellulose Acetate Nanofiber Layers as a Model of Targeted Drug Delivery System

by N. Eko Satriawan

2023, Alchemy: Journal of Chemistry

This study aims to study the process of fabricating and characterization of nanofibers based on cellulose acetate polymer filled with ceftriaxone and ibuprofen using the electrospinning method as a model for a targeted drug delivery... more

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Waterborne Electrospinning of Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) by Control of Environmental Parameters

by Samarendra Maji

2023, ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces

With increasing toxicity and environmental concerns, electrospinning from water, i.e. waterborne electrospinning, is crucial to further exploit the resulting nanofiber potential. Most water-soluble polymers have the inherent limitation of... more

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Nanostructure and Property of Electrospun SiO 2 -Cellulose Acetate Nanofiber Composite by Electrospinning

by achmad subhan

2023, Energy Procedia

SiO 2-cellulose acetate nanofiber has been synthesized by electrospinning process in high humidity environment. SiO 2-cellulose acetate nanofiber with average diameter 598 nm has smooth morphology after confirming by SEM. Structure of... more

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Nanostructure and Property of Electrospun SiO 2 -Cellulose Acetate Nanofiber Composite by Electrospinning

by Achmad Subhan

2022, Energy Procedia

SiO 2-cellulose acetate nanofiber has been synthesized by electrospinning process in high humidity environment. SiO 2-cellulose acetate nanofiber with average diameter 598 nm has smooth morphology after confirming by SEM. Structure of... more

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Fabrication of free-standing ordered fluorescent polymer nanofibres by electrospinning

by Pascal Andre

2022, Applied Physics Letters

Appl. Phys. Lett. 106, 173301 (2015); https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4918660

FIG. 1. Electrospinning setups used (a) standard configuration with a source needle and flat ground plate, (b) standard with the addition of a top plate. and (c) as in (b) but with the change of a single ground plate to parallel plates. (d) Calculated dependence of the x-component of the electric field at a point 40 mm in the positive x direction from the needle axis. The inset to (d) shows SEM images of collected fibres density without a top plate (left) and with a top plate (right), illustrating the increase in deposition density fot the configuration in (b).

FIG. 2. (a)-(c) SEM images of fibres deposited from a 15% solution with an applied voltage of 20kV, (a) random orientation; (b) and (c) suspended aligned fibres with a plate separation of 0.7 cm for scale bars of (a) and (b) 100 um and (c) | wm. (d) Histograms of the distribution of fibre orientations within images (a) and (b), showing, respectively, their wide and narrow distributions.

FIG. 3. Order parameters calculated as a function of plate separation and voltage for an experimental setup as in Fig. 1(c). Zero plate separation is represented by the flat collector plate (Fig. 1(b)).

FIG. 4. (a) and (b) x-component (horizontal) and (c) and (d) z-component (vertical) of the electric field in the x-z plane around the parallel collection plates (shown in outline) for (a) and (c) 0.7cm separation and (b) and (d) 4cm separation. Red represents the strongest positive x-component. Field plots for all separations are given in Figs. S2 and S3 in the supplementary material.'°

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Electrospun nanofiber membranes for the control of micro/nanoplastics in the environment

by Water Emerging Contaminants & Nanoplastics

2022

In recent years, the environmental pollution caused by micro/nanoplastics (MNPs) has increased. As a result of their negative impact on human health and the environment, MNPs have emerged as new scientific challenges. However, there are... more

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Pulsatile drug release from electrospun poly(ethylene oxide)-sodium alginate blend nanofibres

by Hamid Merchant

2022

Novel and highly tuneable pulsatile drug delivery systems have been prepared through the electrospinning of a blend of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO), sodium alginate (SA), and sodium ibuprofen (SI). The resultant fibres contain crystallites... more

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Pulsatile drug release from electrospun poly(ethylene oxide)-sodium alginate blend nanofibres

by Naoko Sano

2022

Novel and highly tuneable pulsatile drug delivery systems have been prepared through the electrospinning of a blend of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO), sodium alginate (SA), and sodium ibuprofen (SI). The resultant fibres contain crystallites... more

Fig.1 Images of the F1 and F2 fibres. (a) Digital photograph of F1; (b and c) SEM images of the base of the F1 3D structure; (d) an SEM image showing the exterior of the tip of the F1 3D fibre network; (e) SEM image of the interior of the fibre structure's apex; (f) STEM data for a sample of F2 collected on a lacey C coated Cu grid. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was invoked to probe the nature of the fibre surfaces further. XPS spectra of the starting materials (SI, SA, and PEO) were recorded, as were the spectra of the fibre materials. The C 1s spectra of the fibres were then peak fitted using the C 1s spectra of the starting materials as references to determine the relative amounts of each material at the fibre surfaces. The results of this analysis are given in Table 2. The data for the blank FO (PEO-SA only) fibres show that the surface comprises almost entirely PEO, in agreement with the results observed by Ma et al.,” although even with these fibres we see no core-shell structure by STEM. The frac- tions of the surface comprising SI are, within the error of the measurements, identical to those calculated from the weight ratios of the components. However, for F1-F3 the SA fraction at the surface is greater than that calculated from the starting material weight ratios, while the PEO percentage is lower. A photograph of the F1 fibres (60.6% SI w/w) is given in Fig. 1(a). It is immediately clear that the fibres form a three-dimensional “mountain” structure rather than a flat mat on the collector plate: our results thus agree with those of Bonino et al.”* Scan- ning electron microscopy images were recorded on samples taken from different points of the 3D fibre structure (base, middle, and tip); data for the base and tip are included in Fig. 1. The SEM data show the fibres throughout the 3D structure to have smooth and uniform structures. There is no obvious

Fig.2 XRD patterns of the top and base of (a) the F1 structure (60.6% Sl) and (b) F2 (23.5% Sl), together with those of PEO and SI. SA was found to be amorphous by X-ray diffraction (see Fig. S1+). FTIR spectra for F1, PEO, SA and SI are included in Fig. 4, together with the chemical structures of the constituent components of the fibres. The spectrum of SI contains distinct peaks around 3000-3500 cm” * (H-bonded OH stretches, arising from the presence of some water in the material), 3000- 2850 cm * (alkane C-H stretches), and characteristic peaks at 1545 and 1408 cm™* (respectively asymmetric and symmetric carboxylate stretches). The SA spectrum also shows a broad band from ca. 3700-2850 cm‘, corresponding to H-bonded OH groups and C-H stretches. Carboxylate peaks can be seen at 1589 and 1403 cm“, and C-O vibrations are at 1020 cm~*. The PEO spectrum has a distinct peak at ca. 2875 cm~* arising from C-H stretches, and the C-O stretch is centred around 1095 cm ~*. The spectra recorded from the top and bottom of F1 X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns for samples taken from the top and bottom of the F1 and F2 structures are given in Fig. 2, together with patterns for the starting materials. PEO is a crystalline polymer, and hence shows two distinct reflections at 19 and 23°. SI is also crystalline, and exhibits numerous reflections. SA is amorphous (see ESI, Fig. $1). Both the top and base of the F1 structure show the presence of a number of Bragg reflections (see Fig. 2(a)). These appear to occur at approxi- mately the same positions as the SI and PEO reflections, although the reflections are considerably broadened and also shifted to higher angle. The increased broadness of the SI reflections is consistent with the presence of SI crystallites with reduced size (cf: the pure drug) in the fibre structure. This is also seen in the SEM data; the size of the particles which can be observed in Fig. 1(e) is found to be ca. 1295 + 229 nm. Prior to dissolution and electrospinning, the SI particles had sizes of approximately 3 + 1.5 um and hence there has been a signifi- cant reduction in particle size as a result of the processing. The reason for the shift to higher angle is more puzzling, but is tentatively assigned to the possible removal of defects in the SI structure and/or changes in the stress within the particles as a result of the electrospinning process. The reflections corre- sponding to PEO also shift. This must be a result of the incor- poration of SA and SI into the PEO lattice, causing its

Fig.4 (a) The chemical structure of the materials used in this study [top left: SI; top right: PEO; bottom: SA], and (b) IR spectra of the F1 fibres and associated starting materials. Fig.3 DSC traces of the top and base of (a) the F1 structure (60.6% Sl), and (b) the F2 structure (23.5% Sl).

Fig.5 lbuprofen release from the nanofibres at (a) pH 3 and (b) pH 6.8. Fibres F1 (—), F2 (—) and F3 (—) are shown; these contain respectively 60.€ 23.5, and 13.3% w/w SI. Three independent experiments were performed (each with a separate fibre mat), and results are reported as mean + S.C

Fig.7 SEMimages of F1 fibres exposed to a pH 3 environment for 10- 20 minutes. (a) The fibre mat after immersion in a few drops of acidic medium; (b) the mat after suspension in 1 L of medium. The inset in (b) is an enlargement of a section of the main image, and the scale bar represents 500 nm. which are relatively high contrast, and others where less contrast is present. This suggests that there may be some areas of the fibres which are more SA rich than others. SI particles are also seen to be present at the fibre surfaces by SEM. PEO is freely soluble at pH 3, while SA is not. The dissolution experiments

Fig. 6 Drug release from fibres with varied SA contents at pH 3: F4 (6.3% SA; —); Fl (9.1% SA; —); F5 (11.8% SA; —); and, F6 (14.3% SA; —). For clarity, data are shown out only to 400 min, although experiments were performed for up to three days. Three independent experiments were performed (each with a separate fibre mat), and results are reported as mean + S.D.

Fig. 8 A schematic illustrating the proposed mechanism responsible for the two-stage pulsatile drug release observed at pH 3.

Table 1 The compositions of the fibres prepared in this study. 10 mL of a 5% w/v PEO-SA solution was added to the amount of ibuprofen detailed below to prepare spinning solutions

Table 2. The ratios of PEO, SA, and SI at the surface of the fibres, calculated from XPS data. Samples were taken from the top of the 3D fibre structure Although no core-shell structure could be seen by STEM, the XPS data indicate that there is some aggregation of SA at the fibre surface as proposed by Bonino et al.”*4

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Electrospinning of cellulose acetate nanofiber membrane using methyl ethyl ketone and N, N-Dimethylacetamide as solvents

by Veereshgouda Naragund

2019, Materials Chemistry and Physics

Cellulose acetate (CA) nanofiber membrane was prepared by electrospinning method using solvent mixtures of methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) and N, N, - dimethylacetamide (DMAc) in different ratios (2:1, 1:1, 1:2) and also different concentration... more

Fig. 1. Schematic diagram of the electrospinning setup.

Fig. 2. SEM micrographs showing effect of polymer concentration and solvent ratio on morphology of nanofibers.

Fig. 3. Mechanism of fiber formation in different solvent mixtures.

Fig. 4. SEM micrographs (3,000x) and their corresponding diameter distribution of nanofibers electrospun from 2:1 MEK: DMAc solvent system with CA concer trations (a) 7% (b) 9% and (c) 11% (w/v) (d) 13% and (e)15% CA.

Fig. 5. SEM micrographs (3,000x) and their corresponding diameter distribu- tion of nanofibers electrospun from 1:1 MEK: DMAc solvent system with CA concentrations (a) 11% (b) 13% & (c) 15% (w/v).

Fig. 6. SEM micrographs (5,000x) and their corresponding diameter distribution of nanofibers electrospun from 1:2 MEK: DMAc solvent system with CA concen- trations (a) 17% (b) 19% w/v). Fig. 7. Variation of fiber diameter as a function of concentration of CA solu- tions and solvent mixing ratio.

Solutions of CA (10 & 20%) in DMAc were clear and viscous enough for electrospinning and produced only particles/beads, but not the fi- bers. Liu and Heish [15], and Tungaprapa et al. [18] also reported the inability to produce fibers in single solvent of DMAc. Similarly, it was

Fig. 8. (a) FTIR absorbance spectra (b) DSC thermogram of electrospun CA nanofiber. Fig. 10. Flux vs. volume of flow of DI water.

Fig. 9. (a) Contact angle vs. time and (b) shapes of droplet on electrospur cellulose acetate nanofiber membrane.

Fig. 11. Flux vs. Number of uses of cellulose acetate nanofiber membrane.

Electrospinning conditions used in this work. Table 2

The morphology of electrospun cellulose acetate nanofibers with different cel- lulose acetate concentrations in different solvent systems. difficult to prepare fibers of cellulose acetate using MEK solvent. In the former case, dielectric constant and surface tensions are too high while in the latter case, they are too low [Table .1]. Therefore, it was felt that a mixture of the two solvent ie. MEK and DMAc should aid the fiber for- mation during electrospinning.

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Nanofibers by electrospinning of Nylon 6 Doped with boron

by Faruk Gökmeşe

2015, HACETTEPE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY

0-('+&.-,'0 CNY WH-YQTXEY WM TNXR UYRYSUQN FSR TW RTLOI TNY QUWRRPXVDXVGYMMYQTRWMHWUWVWV>IPWVVSVWMXHYUR >IPWVXRTNYMXURTQWJJYUQXSPX.YOMXHYUSVOLRYOXV TY3TXPYR WU QWJKWRXTY UYXVMWUQYJYVT MXYPOR %& ;V UYQYVTIYSURVIPWVNSRHYYVFXOYPILRYOXVJSVI... more

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Fabrication of free-standing ordered fluorescent polymer nanofibres by electrospinning

by Pascal Andre and

2015, Applied Physics Letter 106, 173301 (2015)

We demonstrate a static fabrication approach to make free-standing ordered arrays of fluorescent nanofibres through control of the transverse electrospinning field. The alignment and the density of the nanofibre arrays are optimised by... more

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Preparation and Characterization of Polyvinyl Alcohol Based Copolymers as Wound Dressing Fibers

by Prof.Dr. İbrahim USLU and

2014

Biocompatible polyvinyl alcohol=polyethylene glycol and polyvinyl alcohol=polypropylene glycol copolymer mats were prepared by electrospinning. The composite fiber mats were subjected to detailed physical analysis complemented by... more

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Electrospinning and Nanofibers

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