Computer Modelling and Simulation

Social media has been widely adopted as a useful business tool, especially in the domain of business to consumer marketing. However, the deployment of social media tools to business processes is hindered by the lack of concrete indicators of the effects its use has on the business process. Computer based modeling has been widely used to simulate and predict business effects in other streams of study, but relatively little in the evaluation of social media impacts. This paper argues that System Dynamics and Agent-Based Modeling have been and should be utilized in measuring social media and its impacts in business context in general, as well as in the context of business ecosystems. The authors review the current state of the use of these simulation methods in the evaluation of social media business impacts by conducting a systematic literature review.

Despite the wide use of Al-Sn alloys for engineering applications studies on the microstructural development of such materials are rare. Optimized microstructures during the solidification stage of processing can be fundamental for final properties. In the present study, three Al-Sn hypoeutectic alloys were directionally vertically solidified under upward unsteady state heat flow conditions. Primary (λ 1 ) and secondary (λ 2 ) dendrite arm spacings were measured along the alloys castings and correlated with transient solidification thermal variables. A combined theoretical and experimental approach has been used to quantitatively determine such thermal variables, i.e., transient metal/mold heat transfer coefficients, tip growth rates, thermal gradients, tip cooling rates and local solidification time. The article also focuses on the dependence of dendrite arm spacings on the alloy solute content. Furthermore, the experimental data concerning the solidification of Al 20, 30 and 40 wt% Sn alloys are compared with the main predictive dendritic models from the literature.

In this article macrosegregation phenomenon is investigated by a finite volume numerical modeling technique and by upward unidirectional solidification of an Al-23 wt%Sn alloy casting. The numerical model consists of an explicit/implicit time integration scheme to couple thermal and solutal fields. The experimental solidification set-up allows a vertically aligned macrostructure to be obtained. The concentration profile was obtained by an X-ray fluorescence spectrometry technique carried out in cylindrical slices representing certain position inside the casting from the casting/chill interface. The simulated and experimental temperature and concentration profiles are compared and very good agreement has been observed.

As group analysts and analytical group psychotherapists, we seek to
understand how therapeutic and/or nontherapeutic groups will generate, create, and express themselves through different levels of communication and interpersonal relationships, as at the transpersonal level (group field), which is deeply influenced and interdependent on the different personal and group matrices. The author will share with you some of his reflections on neuroscientific and neuropsychoanalytic contributions and updates regarding the current understanding of the functioning of the Human Mind, contributing to a better understanding of how group processes impact Individual Minds and the interaction styles of group members, based on proposals and contributions from several authors in Neuro-Psychoanalysis and Group Analysis. The group is nothing more than a sounding board and amplification of interactions between Individual Minds supported by the intuitions, deductions, and assessments that each of the group members exposes in verbal and nonverbal communications articulated with the individual capacities to feel, empathize, interact, and, finally, to understand and recognize.

Dear fellow colleagues, group analysts and psychoanalytic psychotherapists, I would like to share with all of you my personal pleasure and intellectual enthusiasm which has been aroused while reading a very recent book entitled: Psychoanalysis, Group Analysis and Beyond: Towards a New Paradigm of the Human Being (2021) by Juan Tubert-Oklander and Reyna Hernández-Tubert, two brilliant and innovative thinkers, researchers, and clinicians, who, with an extended and updated bibliography, offer us some new ideas about how to understand the way family, social, and political contexts can influence people's behaviour, since human beings have a dual nature: biological (bodies managed by a brain) and psychic/mental (minds or psychic apparatus generated from a brain) within a brain-mind-body framework and the most diverse mental phenomena (sensations, emotions, thoughts, and actions) are generated and emerge within a biopsychic dynamic, either unconscious or conscious, expressed through levels of communication and relationship, either intrapsychic or interpersonal, or even transpersonal. This book comprises a collection of papers published during the past 25 years, in which we can find psychoanalytic and group analytic proposals, which are quite courageous and innovative, as well as written in an elegant style. All these texts are supported by a solid argumentative and epistemological structure, and very stimulating and challenging, with the purpose of rethinking and reviewing some of our 'visions' about what it is to be a 'person'. They propose lines of thought that develop new conceptual paradigms; for instance, how 1085475G AQ0010.1177/05333164221085475Group AnalysisDavid: Book Review book-review2022 2 Group Analysis 54(2) to end the highly problematic opposition of what is 'individual' compared to what is 'collective' (Tubert-Oklander, 2014). Juan Tubert-Oklander and Reyna Hernández-Tubert advocate a need for the development of 'a general theory of mind, compatible with clinical experiences, theories, and practices' (Tubert-Oklander, 2014, p.40). They propose some critical reviews about anthropological and meta-sociological aspects of Sigmund Freud's papers, to contribute to the development of 'a new metapsychology, shared by psychoanalysis and group analysis' (Tubert-Oklander, 2014, p.33) through innovative proposals on how to reflect and conceptualize our clinical work, as group analysts or psychoanalysts. This is done by means of rigorous arguments, which are reflected in the dialectic structure of the book, organized in three sections; a first section designated by: 'The gelding of psychoanalysis', a second one entitled: 'A fresh look' and ending with a synthesis in the third part, which comprises three chapters under the title: 'Bridging the gap'. As a group analyst, the present author considers this book to be a significant contribution for a better understanding of the psychoanalytic origins of the group analytic model, as well as its deepening in the various contexts: family-related, social, or institutional. Both authors, together or separately, have elaborated over epistemological and conceptual limitations of psychoanalysis, a method for the investigation and clinical study of the deep layers of psychic life, which was formulated by a neurologist and researcher of nervous system histophysiology, named Professor Sigmund Freud, to whom science was the only possible source for true knowledge. Freud intended to make psychoanalysis as respectable as any natural science, according to the positivist and Cartesian scientific concepts prevalent in the late decades of the 19th-century. However, he had to abandon this claim at an early stage, due to methodological limitations of scientific techniques used in neurobiological investigation at the time. In one of his first metapsychological texts written between 1895 and 1896 under the title: Project for a Scientific Psychology, Freud (Freud, 1950 [1895-1896]) presented us with a speculative scheme of the neurobiological functioning of the brain, as the locus of all mental phenomena, a biological and functionalist model of mind, the 'Mental Apparatus' or Psyché model composed of structural elements, the 'neurons' with a dynamic dimension called 'amounts of energy' or 'Ǫƞ', in which he claimed that everything had a biological origin, including consciousness and affections and all other psychic phenomena derived from intentions of the explicit consciousness.

As group analysts and analytical group psychotherapists, we seek to understand how therapeutic and/or non-therapeutic groups will generate, create and express themselves through different levels of communication and interpersonal relationships, as well as at the transpersonal level (group field), which are deeply influenced and interdependent on the different personal and group matrices. The author will share with you some of his reflections on neuroscientific and neuropsychoanalytic contributions and updates regarding the current understanding of the functioning of the Human Mind, contributing to a better understanding of how group processes impact Individual Minds and the interaction styles of group members, based on proposals and contributions from several authors in Neuro-Psychoanalysis and Groupanalysis. The group is nothing more than a sounding board and an amplification of interactions between Individual Minds supported by the intuitions, deductions and assessments that each of the group members exposes in verbal and non-verbal communications articulated with the individual capacities to feel, empathize, interact and, finally, to understand and recognize.

Granular CoCrPt/SiO 2 films with different thickness were deposited by magnetron sputtering. Microstructural properties were found to change with increasing thickness. The magnetization reversal mechanism was investigated at room temperature. The importance of coherent magnetization reversal processes increases with increasing the magnetic layer thickness. The results were confirmed by numerical micromagnetic simulations.

Tutkielmassa tarkasteltiin sosiaalisen median käyttöä terveysaiheisessa tiedonhaussa. Tutkimus etsi erilaisia syitä sille, miksi tiedonhakijat käyttivät terveystiedonhaussa sosiaalista mediaa. Samalla selvitettiin, mitä hyötyjä tai ongelmia sosiaalisen median käyttöön terveystiedonhaun kanavana liittyi. Näiden lisäksi tutkielman tarkoituksena oli eritellä lyhyesti, millaisista mahdollisista tutkimuksellisista lähtökohdista aihepiiriä oli tarkasteltu. Kattavan kuvan saamiseksi aiheesta tutkimusmenetelmänä käytettiin ProQuestin Library & Information Science Collection -tietokantaan kohdistunutta systemaattista kirjallisuuskatsausta. Tutkimusaineistoksi valikoitui seulonnan jälkeen 25 artikkelia, joissa käsiteltiin terveystiedon hankintaa tutkielmassa määritellyllä tavalla sosiaalisen median kontekstissa. Tulokset osoittivat, että sosiaalista mediaa käytettiin useimmiten, koska sen avulla haluttiin löytää hyödyllistä tietoa tietystä omaa tai läheisen elämää koskettaneesta sairaudesta, ...

In this work, recent progress on graphene/metal oxide composites as advanced materials for HgCl 2 and CO 2 capture was investigated. Density Functional Theory calculations were used to understand the effects of temperature on the adsorption ability of HgCl 2 and water vapor on CO 2 adsorption on CaO (001) with reinforced carbon-based nanostructures using B3LYP functional. Understanding the mechanism by which mercury and CO 2 adsorb on graphene/CaO (g-CaO) is crucial to the design and fabrication of effective capture technologies. The results obtained from the optimized geometries and frequencies of the proposed cluster site structures predicted that with respect to molecular binding the system possesses unusually large HgCl 2 (0.1-0.4 HgCl 2 g/g sorbent) and CO 2 (0.2-0.6 CO 2 g/g sorbent) uptake capacities. The HgCl 2 and CO 2 were found to be stable on the surface as a result of the topology and a strong interaction with the g-CaO system; these results strongly suggest the potential of CaO-doped carbon materials for HgCl 2 and CO 2 capture applications, the functional gives reliable answers compared to available experimental data.

In this work, recent progress on graphene/metal oxide composites as advanced materials for HgCl 2 and CO 2 capture was investigated. Density Functional Theory calculations were used to understand the effects of temperature on the adsorption ability of HgCl 2 and water vapor on CO 2 adsorption on CaO (001) with reinforced carbon-based nanostructures using B3LYP functional. Understanding the mechanism by which mercury and CO 2 adsorb on graphene/CaO (g-CaO) is crucial to the design and fabrication of effective capture technologies. The results obtained from the optimized geometries and frequencies of the proposed cluster site structures predicted that with respect to molecular binding the system possesses unusually large HgCl 2 (0.1-0.4 HgCl 2 g/g sorbent) and CO 2 (0.2-0.6 CO 2 g/g sorbent) uptake capacities. The HgCl 2 and CO 2 were found to be stable on the surface as a result of the topology and a strong interaction with the g-CaO system; these results strongly suggest the potential of CaO-doped carbon materials for HgCl 2 and CO 2 capture applications, the functional gives reliable answers compared to available experimental data.

Despite the wide use of Al-Sn alloys for engineering applications studies on the microstructural development of such materials are rare. Optimized microstructures during the solidification stage of processing can be fundamental for final properties. In the present study, three Al-Sn hypoeutectic alloys were directionally vertically solidified under upward unsteady state heat flow conditions. Primary (λ 1) and secondary (λ 2) dendrite arm spacings were measured along the alloys castings and correlated with transient solidification thermal variables. A combined theoretical and experimental approach has been used to quantitatively determine such thermal variables, i.e., transient metal/mold heat transfer coefficients, tip growth rates, thermal gradients, tip cooling rates and local solidification time. The article also focuses on the dependence of dendrite arm spacings on the alloy solute content. Furthermore, the experimental data concerning the solidification of Al 20, 30 and 40 wt% Sn alloys are compared with the main predictive dendritic models from the literature.

In this article macrosegregation phenomenon is investigated by a finite volume numerical modeling technique and by upward unidirectional solidification of an Al-23 wt%Sn alloy casting. The numerical model consists of an explicit/implicit time integration scheme to couple thermal and solutal fields. The experimental solidification setup allows a vertically aligned macrostructure to be obtained. The concentration profile was obtained by an X-ray fluorescence spectrometry technique carried out in cylindrical slices representing certain position inside the casting from the casting/chill interface. The simulated and experimental temperature and concentration profiles are compared and very good agreement has been observed.

In this work, recent progress on graphene/metal oxide composites as advanced materials for HgCl 2 and CO 2 capture was investigated. Density Functional Theory calculations were used to understand the effects of temperature on the adsorption ability of HgCl 2 and water vapor on CO 2 adsorption on CaO (001) with reinforced carbon-based nanostructures using B3LYP functional. Understanding the mechanism by which mercury and CO 2 adsorb on graphene/CaO (g-CaO) is crucial to the design and fabrication of effective capture technologies. The results obtained from the optimized geometries and frequencies of the proposed cluster site structures predicted that with respect to molecular binding the system possesses unusually large HgCl 2 (0.1-0.4 HgCl 2 g/g sorbent) and CO 2 (0.2-0.6 CO 2 g/g sorbent) uptake capacities. The HgCl 2 and CO 2 were found to be stable on the surface as a result of the topology and a strong interaction with the g-CaO system; these results strongly suggest the potential of CaO-doped carbon materials for HgCl 2 and CO 2 capture applications, the functional gives reliable answers compared to available experimental data.

Matemaattinen mallintaminen sosiaalisen median informaation leviämisen ennustamisessa on useita eri matematiikan osa-alueita yhdistävä kokonaisuus. Koska sosiaalisen median käyttö on kasvanut huomattavasti viimeisen vuosikymmenen aikana, on informaation leviämisen tarkastelemiseksi kehitetty useita matemaattisia malleja. Työssä tarkastellaan syvällisesti lineaarista vaikutusmallia, joka tarjoaa ennusteita sosiaalisen median informaatioiden leviämisprosesseista. Lineaarisen vaikutusmallin matemaattisen todistamisen avulla saadaan johdettua malli, jota sovelletaan kirjallisuudesta saatuun dataan informaation leviämisen ennustamiseksi. Tämän mallin toimintaa pyritään lisäksi arvioimaan kriittisesti vertailemalla keskenään mallin tarjoamia ennusteita todellisiin arvoihin aihepiireittäin. Työssä vertaillaan politiikan, talouden, urheilun ja viihteen aihepiirien informaatioiden leviämisen kokonaisvolyymia sekä pohditaan tutkimustuloksiin vaikuttavia tekijöitä. Työ toteutetaan kirjallisuus...

In this article we discuss various prototyping methods in early pervasive game development. The focus is on pervasive games that are played with mobile phones. Choosing the right prototyping method is crucial in achieving results that can be used for validating or developing further design ideas. In this article we give guidelines that help the selection process and give ideas on methods that can be used in different situations. We have play-tested pervasive game prototypes using agile software prototype development methods, forum prototypes, and guided paper prototyping methods. We give examples of five pervasive games where these kinds of prototyping methods are used. In concluding, we compare the results and discuss their benefits and disadvantages in the game development process, that is, when the methods should be used and what should be considered when using them.

h i g h l i g h t s < Experimental scratch resistance testing provides only 2 values for a material. < Our simulations provide a continuous dependence on time of the segment depth on the path of the indenter. < Effects of indenter force and size have been determined. < We discuss a "crooked smile" effect on scratched surfaces and the reasons for its appearance.

Prediction of microstructure evolution and microsegregation is one of the most important problems in materials science. The dendritic growth and microsegregation provide a challenging simulation goal for computational models of solidification, in addition to being an important technological feature of many casting processes. The phase-field model offers the prospect of being able to perform realistic simulation experiments on dendrite growth in metallic systems. In this paper, the microsegregation and dendritic growth of hypoeutectic Al-Cu alloys under constant cooling rate was simulated using a phase-field model. The main new feature of the present model is based on the fact that the effect of the growth rate is incorporated via an effective partition coefficient that has been experimentally determined for a range of growth rates. It is shown that both models (Phase-field model and Scheil) have significant deviations from the experimental data when the equilibrium partition coefficient is considered in the calculations. Since the predicted results using the models yielded discrepancies from the experimental data, an experimental equation is adopted for calculating the effective partition coefficient from experimental data. The experimental equation is then adopted in the calculations of phase-field model and Scheil's equation, showing a good agreement with the experimental data.

Granular CoCrPt/SiO 2 films with different thickness were deposited by magnetron sputtering. Microstructural properties were found to change with increasing thickness. The magnetization reversal mechanism was investigated at room temperature. The importance of coherent magnetization reversal processes increases with increasing the magnetic layer thickness. The results were confirmed by numerical micromagnetic simulations.

In this work, recent progress on graphene/metal oxide composites as advanced materials for HgCl 2 and CO 2 capture was investigated. Density Functional Theory calculations were used to understand the effects of temperature on the adsorption ability of HgCl 2 and water vapor on CO 2 adsorption on CaO (001) with reinforced carbon-based nanostructures using B3LYP functional. Understanding the mechanism by which mercury and CO 2 adsorb on graphene/CaO (g-CaO) is crucial to the design and fabrication of effective capture technologies. The results obtained from the optimized geometries and frequencies of the proposed cluster site structures predicted that with respect to molecular binding the system possesses unusually large HgCl 2 (0.1-0.4 HgCl 2 g/g sorbent) and CO 2 (0.2-0.6 CO 2 g/g sorbent) uptake capacities. The HgCl 2 and CO 2 were found to be stable on the surface as a result of the topology and a strong interaction with the g-CaO system; these results strongly suggest the potential of CaO-doped carbon materials for HgCl 2 and CO 2 capture applications, the functional gives reliable answers compared to available experimental data.

In this work, recent progress on graphene/metal oxide composites as advanced materials for HgCl 2 and CO 2 capture was investigated. Density Functional Theory calculations were used to understand the effects of temperature on the adsorption ability of HgCl 2 and water vapor on CO 2 adsorption on CaO (001) with reinforced carbon-based nanostructures using B3LYP functional. Understanding the mechanism by which mercury and CO 2 adsorb on graphene/CaO (g-CaO) is crucial to the design and fabrication of effective capture technologies. The results obtained from the optimized geometries and frequencies of the proposed cluster site structures predicted that with respect to molecular binding the system possesses unusually large HgCl 2 (0.1-0.4 HgCl 2 g/g sorbent) and CO 2 (0.2-0.6 CO 2 g/g sorbent) uptake capacities. The HgCl 2 and CO 2 were found to be stable on the surface as a result of the topology and a strong interaction with the g-CaO system; these results strongly suggest the potential of CaO-doped carbon materials for HgCl 2 and CO 2 capture applications, the functional gives reliable answers compared to available experimental data.

Despite the wide use of Al-Sn alloys for engineering applications studies on the microstructural development of such materials are rare. Optimized microstructures during the solidification stage of processing can be fundamental for final properties. In the present study, three Al-Sn hypoeutectic alloys were directionally vertically solidified under upward unsteady state heat flow conditions. Primary (λ 1) and secondary (λ 2) dendrite arm spacings were measured along the alloys castings and correlated with transient solidification thermal variables. A combined theoretical and experimental approach has been used to quantitatively determine such thermal variables, i.e., transient metal/mold heat transfer coefficients, tip growth rates, thermal gradients, tip cooling rates and local solidification time. The article also focuses on the dependence of dendrite arm spacings on the alloy solute content. Furthermore, the experimental data concerning the solidification of Al 20, 30 and 40 wt% Sn alloys are compared with the main predictive dendritic models from the literature.

Despite the wide use of Al-Sn alloys for engineering applications studies on the microstructural development of such materials are rare. Optimized microstructures during the solidification stage of processing can be fundamental for final properties. In the present study, three Al-Sn hypoeutectic alloys were directionally vertically solidified under upward unsteady state heat flow conditions. Primary (λ 1) and secondary (λ 2) dendrite arm spacings were measured along the alloys castings and correlated with transient solidification thermal variables. A combined theoretical and experimental approach has been used to quantitatively determine such thermal variables, i.e., transient metal/mold heat transfer coefficients, tip growth rates, thermal gradients, tip cooling rates and local solidification time. The article also focuses on the dependence of dendrite arm spacings on the alloy solute content. Furthermore, the experimental data concerning the solidification of Al 20, 30 and 40 wt% Sn alloys are compared with the main predictive dendritic models from the literature.

Granular CoCrPt/SiO 2 films with different thickness were deposited by magnetron sputtering. Microstructural properties were found to change with increasing thickness. The magnetization reversal mechanism was investigated at room temperature. The importance of coherent magnetization reversal processes increases with increasing the magnetic layer thickness. The results were confirmed by numerical micromagnetic simulations.

The patterns of interaction between tillage tools and obstacles in forest soils (stumps, roots, stones) are important for the development of specialized forestry tools. They largely determine the type of a tool, tool geometry and modes of operation. In this study, the process of overcoming obstacles with a tillage tool using the method of multibody dynamics (MBD) was studied. For this purpose, CAD SolidWorks and a software program for engineering calculations SolidWorks Motion in which a virtual test bench was created was used. The forces applied on the standard, experimental and disk cultivator tillage tools were studied in various interactions with an obstacle. Studies have shown that in frontal interaction with an obstacle an experimental tillage tool has power characteristics similar to a disk cultivator, and in lateral interaction they are similar to the standard one. It provides reliable in overcoming obstacles with a small mass. Laboratory studies were conducted in the soil channel to test the simulation results. On the basis of the results of the experimental test the differences of the theoretical and practical values of traction resistance of a cultivator section were established during the overcome of an obstacle. For the experimental tillage tool, the differences in the maximum values at the entrance to the stump are 3.9%, for the disk, 1.7%.

A classification of rod drives of the continuous tillage cultivator is given. It is shown that to effecively kill the weeds with a rod cultivator, the rod must be buried in the soil and rotate counter to the rotation direction of the cultivator support wheels. It is shown that the existing designs meeting this requirement are rather complex. A simplified design of the extension without the mechanical rod drive from the cultivator drive wheels, which provides the required direction of rotation of this working tool, is proposed and analysed.

Carbon oxide gaseous species are potentially considered as pollutants of the atmosphere of earth; especially, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide which are of the well-known carbon oxids, play an effective role in the greenhouse gas emissions. Moreover, these species could initiate or handle some chain reactions in the troposphere that lead to emergence of some secondly air pollutants which may cause ozone to collapse. Due to the ultra-high volume of man-made production of these species which are annually sent into the atmosphere, the effects of them on our environment are much amplified. These concerns led scientists to perform a vast number of precious researches for controlling, eliminating, and detecting those species. In this regard, in the present project, we have made attempts to examine the probability of using the more stable isomers of N4B4 clusters, to find out if these clusters are able to sense, adsorb, or destruct CO, and CO2? The results showed that the N4B4 cluster bo...

A major event in the field of experiential learning was the first “Leicester conference” in the UK conducted in 1957. The Conference was a two-week residential working Conference, focusing on such issues as authority, leadership and organisation. This Conference gave birth to what was to become the Group Relations Training Programme (GRTP) of the Tavistock Institute in London. This Paper presents an overview of the (GRTP) process and theory using a composite case study related to a Catholic Parish. It is suggested that GRTP processes offer a potentially useful instrument in the task of forming men and women as effective Ministers of the gospel.

We studied the sorption mechanism of atomic hydrogen on the zigzag edge of pristine bilayer graphene (BLG) as groundwork effort in the realization of the material’s utilization as the substrate in a hydrogen storage system. Using density functional theory, we performed total energy calculations, using pseudopotentials obtained from projector augmented wave (PAW) method. The Kohn-Sham equations were solved using plane waves with kinetic energies of 400 eV. The surface Brillouin zone integration was performed using the special-point sampling technique of Monkhorst and Pack (with 4×4×1 sampling meshes). For the exchange correlation energy, we adopted the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) using the Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof (PBE) functional. Each layer in the slab model we used in the calculations consisted of 28 sp2-bonded carbon atoms with in-plane carboncarbon distance of 1.42 Å and out-of-plane equilibrium stacking distance of 3.5 Å. Results revealed at least two non-activated r...

This article presents the way to obtain the structural model for elementary linear-elastic static analysis of equipment to prepare the germinative bed in strips main resistance structure. Also, to prove the functionality of the structural model obtained, the structural analysis results for the linear elastic static test are presented. These results are useful for estimating the safety factor and for assessing the behaviour in major overstress situations at the main part of the machine. Structure dynamics is a very broad discipline that uses a huge arsenal of theoretical and experimental methods to solve a fundamental problem of structures: the dynamic response to variable tasks over time. Vibrations, and especially vibration in resonance modes, are problems that occur frequently in large structures. As large structures with large numbers of components cannot be optimally engineered for resonant regimes, it is often done to resolve structures or improve them by using the modal analysis of the mathematical models of these structures. The usefulness of this analysis is particularly evident in the testing phase and even in the first stages of operation, when it is necessary to improve the working regime of a product of the type analyzed. The main results of the static linear-elastic structural analysis are: the values of the reactions in the holders, vector field distribution of the relative-resultant displacement in the structure, tensor fields' distribution of the specific deformation and the Cauchy stress tensor in the same structure. Also, an important result for the structure safety is the distribution of the safety factor. The analysis of the equipment's own spectrum allows proper identification of the main frequencies, at which a resonant working regime can occur.

Research into computer simulation of group and cultural processes has expanded in recent years, including an important recent attempt to incorporate neuropsychoanalytic principles. This paper argues that in order to progress we need to start “taking the group seriously” and utilize psychoanalytic theories of group- level processes. Furthermore, those currently using such psychoanalytic perspectives in a variety of contexts have a lot to gain from computer modelling. This paper aims to elucidate the key elements of three foundational psychoanalytic theories of group dynamics, those of Freud, Bion and Jaques, with the goal of facilitating future computer-based implementation, and ultimately the formation of a new research field of artificial group psychodynamics.

The patterns of interaction between tillage tools and obstacles in forest soils (stumps, roots, stones) are important for the development of specialized forestry tools. They largely determine the type of a tool, tool geometry and modes of operation. In this study, the process of overcoming obstacles with a tillage tool using the method of multibody dynamics (MBD) was studied. For this purpose, CAD SolidWorks and a software program for engineering calculations SolidWorks Motion in which a virtual test bench was created was used. The forces applied on the standard, experimental and disk cultivator tillage tools were studied in various interactions with an obstacle. Studies have shown that in frontal interaction with an obstacle an experimental tillage tool has power characteristics similar to a disk cultivator, and in lateral interaction they are similar to the standard one. It provides reliable in overcoming obstacles with a small mass. Laboratory studies were conducted in the soil channel to test the simulation results. On the basis of the results of the experimental test the differences of the theoretical and practical values of traction resistance of a cultivator section were established during the overcome of an obstacle. For the experimental tillage tool, the differences in the maximum values at the entrance to the stump are 3.9%, for the disk, 1.7%.

The process of interaction between elastically fastened tillage tools and obstacles is investigated by means of computer applications that simulate the dynamics of the movement of 3d-models (MDB) created in the CAD. Design of the virtual stand and dynamometer block, implemented in the SolidWorks CAD system and the application for modeling the movement dynamics of SolidWorks Motion are described. The virtual stand enables to simultaneously capture all the components of traction resistance vector (RX, RY, RZ). Measured volumetric power characteristics of the process of stump overcoming by a section of a modular disk cultivator and the forces arising on the spring of a safety mechanism are given as an example of the virtual stand use. The discrepancy between experimental data and modeling data at the entrance to the stump is 8 ... 10%. In the future, virtual test data can be used to optimize the structures of tillage tools and safety mechanisms, as well as to reliably simulate disturbances in modeling the working process of the machine-tractor unit as a whole.

A classification is given of methods for studying the process of interaction of soil environments with the tillage tools of soil-cultivating machines. The methods are divided into two groups: mathematical modeling and experimental research. Mathematical methods for studying soil interactions using numerical modeling methods that allow one to overcome the shortcomings of analytical and empirical approaches are considered in more detail. A classification, existing software, and an analysis of the possibilities of continuous and discrete numerical methods are given. Studies performed using continual methods are analyzed: finite element method (FEM) and computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Also studies using discrete methods are considered: the discrete element method (DEM) and the smooth particle hydrodynamics (SPH). An analysis of existing studies has shown that the finite element method can be used for cohesive soils, making it possible to obtain both strength characteristics and data on the process of destruction and displacement of the soil massif. The computational hydrodynamics method can be effectively applied only to the study of the power characteristics of overmoistened soils. Attempts to extend this approach to a wider range of soils lead to significant errors. Discrete methods are most versatile and reliable. So the method of discrete elements allows to reliably assess both the power and quality characteristics of the tillage process. For example, the shape of the transverse profile, the degree of loosening (compaction) of the soil, the nature of mixing of the soil layers.

This paper argues that productive and cooperative thinking best happens in the context of spatial, rather than linear relations. The latter is characterized by illusions of merger and polarity, the former by a capacity to tolerate similarity and difference. This capacity is manifested in the activity of 'bearing witness'; an activity vital to the mature psychological development of the individual and the development and maintenance of a just society. The author seeks to develop Foulkes's 'model of three' with insights gained from contemporary group-analytic and post-Kleinian thinking. The paper concludes that the witness, in bearing and being the bearer of difference, is key in the development of a mature, thinking group.

This is a response to Nadine Tchelebi's conceptual paper Taking Bion " Back to Basics " (2017) in which she proposes to consider " oneness " as the only basic-assumption mentality, and to use the term " synthesis " for what was formerly known as work(group) mentality. After a brief introduction, summarising Tchelebi's propositions, a series of second thoughts are offered for discussion. It is hoped that these will contribute to a further exchange of ideas and support Tchelebi's aim to re-invent Bion's perspective for group work in the present.

Tchelebi's paper is added after page 130.

A major event in the field of experiential learning was the first " Leicester conference " in the UK conducted in 1957. The Conference was a two-week residential working Conference, focusing on such issues as authority, leadership and organisation. This Conference gave birth to what was to become the Group Relations Training Programme (GRTP) of the Tavistock Institute in London. This Paper presents an overview of the (GRTP) process and theory using a composite case study related to a Catholic Parish. It is suggested that GRTP processes offer a potentially useful instrument in the task of forming men and women as effective Ministers of the gospel.

The purpose of this paper is to examine the influence of ecodesigned p ackaging on consumers' response. The theory of reasoned action (TRA) served as a framework for identifying major antecedents of ecodesigned packaging behavior a nd for determining their relative importance. Structural equation modeling was u sed to analyze the data of 204 young Indian consumers and test the proposed conc eptual model. The finding of the study confirmed that purchase intention towards ecofriendly packaging is significantly influenced by personal norms, attitude, environmental concern and willingness to pay. The paper also provides interestin g insights about young consumers towards eco-designed packaging. These useful in sights will helpful to marketers in developing the focused strategies towards yo ung consumers and encourage them to reduce the global ecological footprint of pa ckaging. ABSTRACT: The recognition of consumers' behaviour is crucial for effective marke ting plans. Evidences explain that the psychological pricing communicates meanin g to consumers. This study theoretically examines the impact of psychological pr icing on consumers' buying behaviour. The study has used secondary data from res earch papers, monographs, theses, popular articles, and newspapers. Findings sho w that socio demographic factors like age, income, education, gender, lifestyle, family size, reference groups, social roles and status and the psychological pa tterns like representativeness, availability of products and the anchoring heuri stics are key factors which influence consumers' buying behaviour. Additionally, the consumers, who are more price cognisant are more probable to select nine-en ding prices. Indeed, low involved customers, those with a small hedonic and symb olic attachment profile, low educated, low income and younger customers are pron e to select the nine-ending priced products and services. The findings can have implications for retailers, pricing managers, researchers, academicians, society and government. ABSTRACT: Dissatisfactory service experiences and consumer complaints following such experiences are everyday occurrences. Prior research has not only examined the emotions experienced because of failed service encounters but also has explo red the resultant behaviours towards the service provider and the service. Howev er, prior research does not distinguish between negative word-of-mouth (NWOM) mo tivated by marketplace-helping behaviour such as consumer advocacy and NWOM as v enting triggered by emotions such as anger and frustration. The current study ex amines the direct relationship between regret and disappointment and consumer ad vocacy. Unlike past studies, the current study explores two types of customer di ssatisfaction: agent based and outcome based. Study 1 uses a vignette methodolog y, and Study 2 uses experience sampling in which respondents provide personal ep isodes of failed service encounters. In contrast with a previous proposition, we find that regret has a significant negative relationship with consumer advocacy . Disappointment based on external events demonstrates a significant positive re lationship, whereas disappointment caused by another person has a weaker relatio nship with consumer advocacy. ABSTRACT: There is a growing pressure from the stakeholders and regulatory bodie s to promote green consumption. Heightened environmental consciousness is also c ontributing to greater adoption of green products and services. But still there exists a value action gap in the way the consumers think and respond. This study ex plores the psychological factors which affect the green purchasing behaviour (GP B) of young consumers in India. Our primary question was what are the factors whi ch play a vital role in the adoption and curtailment of green purchasing behavio ur of young Indian consumers? Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) revealed existenc e of five underlying variables namely environmental attitude (EA), environmental consciousness (EC), GPB, environmental involvement (EI) and perceived effective ness of environmental behaviour (PEEB). Subsequently, regression analysis was pe rformed to explain the role of EI of these young consumers in overall GPB. The s tudy makes significant contribution to existing literature by providing valuable insights into the psyche of young consumers. Impulsive buying tendency: Measuring important relationships with a new perspect ive and an indigenous scale (ABSTRACT: With the opening up of the economy and the proliferation of mall cultu re, the economic relevance of impulsive buying behaviour has assumed significanc e. Impulsive buying behaviour is better understood by examining the impulsive bu ying tendency that shapes such behaviour, and since consumer behaviour differs a cross cultures, by incorporating an indigenous perspective in understanding and measuring the tendency. Studies were conducted to develop an Indian scale for me asuring impulsive buying tendency and to validate it by examining its associatio n with other relevant variables. A two factor, 8-item scale was developed; a sig nificant positive relationship was seen between impulsive buying tendency and im pulsive buying behaviour, and the relationship between impulsive buying tendency and self-control was found to be inversely significant. Results also showed sig nificant relationship between impulsive buying tendency and the two personality constructs of Conscientiousness and Extraversion. ABSTRACT: This exploratory study is a pioneering research in the study of chocol ate consumption amongst Indian consumers. Most studies look at chocolate consump tion as deviant behaviour. However, for a developing country like India the freq uency and amount of consumption is low; hence the factors influencing/hindering the consumption are of interest both for academicians as well as practitioners.

Artefaktien-ja kulttuuriperinnön yhteydessä käytettävien materiaalien konservointi on sekä luonnontieteen yhteytensä että historiallisen näkökulmansa takia kiinnostava tiedon alue. Tarkastelijan tiedoista riippuen varsin kirjavasti ymmärretty konservointi on tieteenä monialainen, kehittymässä oleva tiede. Sen soveltaminen tutkimuskeskuksissa ja profession kuva työpaikoilla vaihtelee. Tieteen ja työn alueena konservointi luetaan sekä humanististen tieteiden että luonnontieteiden piiriin. Muun muassa Porthsmouthin yliopistossa työskentelevät tohtori Eric May ja " Mary Rose " eli Henry VIII:n lippulaivan nimeä kantavan säätiön konservoinnista nykyisin vastaava tohtori Mark Jones ovat hankkineet Conservation Science. Hertiage Materials – julkaisuun artikkeleja, joissa yhdistetään konservointialan tutkimus analytiikkaan, aihealueina ovat niin seinämaalaukset kuin yksittäiset orgaaniset ja epäorgaaniset materiaalit ja niiden käyttöyhteydet. Myös konservoinnin tämän hetken arvokeskustelu on esillä. Julkaisun brittiläiset ja saksalaiset kirjoittajat ovat arvostettua kansainvälistä tutkimusta käytännön yhteyksissä tekeviä tutkijoita ja konservaattoreita. Artikkelit ovat kattavia, mutta koosteesta puuttuu esimerkiksi vanhemman ja nykytaiteen konservointi, vaikkakin sektoriin on joitain viittauksia. Monimateriaalisena nykytaiteen teokset toki sisältävät materiaaleja, joita julkaisussa käsitellään. Konservoinnin alueella muovi ja meriarkeologian konservointi in-situ kehittyvät juuri nyt vauhdikkaimmin. Brittiläisessä RSC Publishing-sarjassa painettu kirja tavoittaa eittämättä monien eri konservaattoreiden ja konservointialan tutkijoiden kiinnostuksen koska artikkelien tarkastelutarkkuus ja näkökulmat ovat teknis-luonnontieteellisen painopisteen takia konservoinnin kannalta erittäin käyttökelpoisia. Julkaisussa tarkastellaan konservoinnin tarpeen määrittelyä, konservointimenetelmiä sekä analyyttisiä materiaalin sekä kemiallisen koostumuksen että materiaalien määrittelyn menetelmiä. Daniel Vellaa (www.sciencedirect.com, 17.5.2007) mainitsee arvioinnissaan muistuttaen että materiaalit esiintyvät luonnollisen ikääntymisen ominaisuuden takia jo vaurioituneessa tai hajonneessa tilassa. Konservaattorin tehtävä on suunnitella keinot, tasapainottaa ja ennalta suojata materiaaleja ja niiden yhdistelmiä hajoamiselta. Konservoinnin toiminnan keskeinen mahdollistaja on näin ollen etukäteen konservaattorilla oleva tieto artefaktin materiaalin tai materiaalien toimenpidemahdollisuuksista sekä hajoamisprosesseista. Tiivistäen metallin korroosion että muovin hajoamisen syitä ovat kemialliset prosessit; kun taas kiven, seinämaalausten, nahkan, tekstiilien ja paperin ikääntyminen liittyy kemiallisen fysiikan mutta myös biologian prosesseihin. Vasta näiden tietojen jälkeen voi toimenpiteen suorittaa hallitusti mahdollisimman vähäisin riskein. Lisäyksenä sanoisin että ennakoivan konservoinnin päätökset (preservation management) edellyttävät samaa tietotaitoa. Konservointimenettelyjä tarkastellaan luonnontieteen näkökulman kannalta kategorisoiden Margaret Rulen johdannossa sekä A. Elena Charolan sekä Robert J Koestlerin konservoinnin menetelmiä käsittelevässä artikkelissa. Konservointimenettelyt jaetaan yleistäen puhdistukseen, suolojen poistoon (desalination), vahvistamiseen sekä tuholaisten ja muun biologisen vaurioitumisuhan toteamiseen ja ehkäisemiseen (disinfestation). Materiaalien koskemattomuutta halutaan korostaa kaikissa tilanteissa, mikä tarkoittaa että kajoaminen materiaaliin pidetään minimissä ja poistettavuus turvataan jo ennalta varmentaen.

В статье рассмотрен процесс проектирования почвообрабатывающих орудий на основе создания их твердотельных моделей средствами САПР. Приведены примеры использования системы твердотельного моделирования SolidWorks и интегрированного с ней пакета инженерных расчетов COSMOS для решения конкретной задачи по обоснованию конструктивных параметров комбинированного рабочего органа, работающего в условиях наличия препятствий в почве. Приведены данные кинематического и динамического анализа позволяющие установить силы, возникающие на рабочих органах и звеньях предохранительного механизма, при различных вариантах взаимодействия с препятствием. Представлены данные результатов лабораторных исследований, над реальными рабочими органами позволяющие проверить достоверность исследований твердотельных моделей рабочих органов приложениями для инженерных расчетов. Расхождения по максимальным значениям тягового сопротивления секции культиватора при преодолении препятствия составили не более 3,9 %. Дано заключение о применимости средств САПР и достоверности полученных результатов.
Ключевые слова: САПР, твердотельное моделирование, почвообрабатывающие орудия.
In article process of design of soil-cultivating tools on the basis of creation of their solid-state models by means of CAD is considered. Examples of use of system of solid-state modeling of SolidWorks and the package of engineering calculations of COSMOS integrated with it for the solution of a specific objective on justification of design data of the combined working body working in the conditions of existence of obstacles in the soil are given. Data of the kinematic and dynamic analysis allowing to establish forces arising on working bodies and links of the safety mechanism, at various options of interaction with an obstacle are provided. Are submitted data of results of laboratory researches, over real working bodies allowing to check reliability of researches of solid-state models of working bodies appendices for engineering calculations. Divergences on the maximum values of traction resistance of section of a cultivator when overcoming an obstacle made no more than 3,9%. The conclusion about applicability of means of CAD and reliability of the received results is drawn.
Key words: CAD, solid-state modelling, soil-tilling implements

In this work, recent progress on graphene/metal oxide composites as advanced materials for HgCl 2 and CO 2 capture was investigated. Density Functional Theory calculations were used to understand the effects of temperature on the adsorption ability of HgCl 2 and water vapor on CO 2 adsorption on CaO (001) with reinforced carbon-based nanostructures using B3LYP functional. Understanding the mechanism by which mercury and CO 2 adsorb on graphene/CaO (g-CaO) is crucial to the design and fabrication of effective capture technologies. The results obtained from the optimized geometries and frequencies of the proposed cluster site structures predicted that with respect to molecular binding the system possesses unusually large HgCl 2 (0.1-0.4 HgCl 2 g/g sorbent) and CO 2 (0.2-0.6 CO 2 g/g sorbent) uptake capacities. The HgCl 2 and CO 2 were found to be stable on the surface as a result of the topology and a strong interaction with the g-CaO system; these results strongly suggest the potential of CaO-doped carbon materials for HgCl 2 and CO 2 capture applications, the functional gives reliable answers compared to available experimental data.

Changes in climate, food abundance and disturbance from humans threaten the ability of species to successfully use stopover sites and migrate between non-breeding and breeding areas. To devise successful conservation strategies for migratory species we need to be able to predict how such changes will affect both individuals and populations. Such predictions should ideally be process-based, focusing on the mechanisms through which changes alter individual physiological state and behavior. In this study we use a process-based model to evaluate how Black Brant (Branta bernicla nigricans) foraging on common eelgrass (Zostera marina) at a stopover site (Humboldt Bay, USA), may be affected by changes in sea level, food abundance and disturbance. The model is individual-based, with empirically based parameters, and incorporates the immigration of birds into the site, tidal changes in availability of eelgrass, seasonal and depth-related changes in eelgrass biomass, foraging behavior and energetics of the birds, and their mass-dependent decisions to emigrate. The model is validated by comparing predictions to observations across a range of system properties including the time birds spent foraging, probability of birds emigrating, mean stopover duration, peak bird numbers, rates of mass gain and distribution of birds within the site: all 11 predictions were within 35% of the observed value, and 8 within 20%. The model predicted that the eelgrass within the site could potentially support up to five times as many birds as currently use the site. Future predictions indicated that the rate of mass gain and mean stopover duration were relatively insensitive to sea level rise over the next 100 years, primarily because eelgrass habitat could redistribute shoreward into intertidal mudflats within the site to compensate for higher sea levels. In contrast, the rate of mass gain and mean stopover duration were sensitive to changes in total eelgrass biomass and the percentage of time for which birds were disturbed. We discuss the consequences of these predictions for Black Brant conservation. A wide range of migratory species responses are expected in response to environmental change. Process-based models are potential tools to predict such responses and understand the mechanisms which underpin them.

The National Forum for the Enhancement of Teaching & Learning in Higher Education is a key consultative forum and an evidence-based change agent for teaching and learning enhancement and innovation for impact. It works in partnership with students, teachers, experts, learner support providers and researchers-and with institutional and system level leadership throughout the sector to provide thought leadership on developing future-orientated aspects of teaching and learning on Ireland's emerging higher education landscape. As part of Forum's commitment to leading and facilitating enhancement from an evidencebased standpoint, it has funded a series of Focused Research Projects to be conducted over a six month period by higher education researchers in partnership with the National Forum. These projects were designed to facilitate rapid and focused research on specified themes to inform academic practice and guide enhancement activities, including:  Transitions to higher education  Student completion and retention in higher education (qualitative studies)  Open Education Resources and Open Access  Recognition of Prior Learning  Research on Higher Education Teaching & Learning in Ireland Successful projects were awarded funding by the Forum following competitive selection, based on international peer review and were initiated in December 2014. They ranged in scope from national analysis of existing practices and policies to in-depth case-studies located in small clusters of institutions. Ethics approval for the projects was granted through the higher education institutions involved and the National Forum's Research Ethics Committee.

Tämä työ pyrki selvittämään miten mallinnusta ja simulointia on hyödynnetty sosiaalisen median liiketoiminnallisen hyödyntämisen ja käytön vaikutuksien mittaamisessa. Tutkimusaihe on valittu vastaamaan Tampereen teknillisen yliopiston Tiedonhallinnan ja logistiikan laitoksen SPEED (Systemic Paths of Ecosystem Evolution Dynamics) -tutkimushankkeen tarpeita.

Työn tutkimuskysymykset olivat: 1. Millaisilla erilaisilla tavoilla agenttipohjaista mal-linnusta ja systeemidynaamista mallinnusta on käytetty sosiaalisen median liiketoimin-nallisen hyödyntämisen ja käytön vaikutusten mittaamiseen? 2. Minkälaisiin sosiaalisen median liiketoiminnallisen hyödyntämisen ja käytön vaikutusten mittaamisen haasteisiin agenttipohjainen mallinnus ja systeemidynaaminen mallinnus tarjoavat ratkaisuja? Työ tehtiin teoreettisena tutkimuksena laatimalla systemaattinen kirjallisuuskatsaus. Työssä tehtiin tietokantahaut seitsemästä eri tietokannasta ja tulosten luokittelussa sovellettiin yksityiskohtaista karsintaprosessia, jolla julkaisuista tunnistettiin neljällä relevanssia ja tieteellistä arvoa määrittelevällä hyväksyntä- ja karsintakriteereillä tutkimusongelman kannalta keskeinen materiaali. Tällaiseksi materiaaliksi tunnistettiin yhteensä 10 julkaisua, jotka vastaavat tämän työn tutkimuskysymyksiin.

Tutkimuksen tuloksena tunnistettiin viisi erilaista sovellustapaa, jossa agenttipohjaista mallinnusta tai systeemidynaamista mallinnusta on käytetty sosiaalisen median liike-toiminnallisen hyödyntämisen tai käytön vaikutusten mittaamisessa. Löydetyistä sovel-luskohteista vain harvassa näkökulma oli täysin liiketoiminnallisessa kontekstissa, mutta kaikki tunnistetut sovelluskohteet ovat kuitenkin suoraan sovellettavissa liiketoimin-nalliseen kontekstiin. Tunnistetuissa julkaisuissa pohdittiin agenttipohjaisen mallinnuk-sen hyötyjä melko yleisellä tasolla, eikä varsinaisesti tutkittu tai listattu sellaisia ongelmia tai haasteita liiketoiminnallisten ilmiöiden mallintamisessa, joihin mallinnustavat voisivat tarjota ratkaisuja. Tulosten perusteella tunnistettiin tutkimusalueessa puutteita sosiaalisen median liiketoiminnallisen hyödyntämisen ja vaikutusten mallinnuksen osalta nimenomaan liiketoiminnallisessa kontekstissa. Lisäksi tunnistetuissa sovellustavoissa systeemidynaaminen mallinnus oli aliedustettuna.

Social media is rapidly extending its reach from being solely for personal use and into the professional arena. The opportunities and threats associated with social media are of interest also to actors in the field of safety and occupational well- being. In this report we present the results of research on whether, and how, social media could be applied by organisations to promote safety and occupational well-being.
“Social media” has appeared to be an ambiguous and evolving concept. In many cases it is better to speak about concrete aspects – e.g. certain functionalities – of social media rather than “social media” as a whole. Many functions of social media will be gradually adopted in our means of daily communication and collaboration. Moreover, “social media” will inevitably become so commonplace as to lose its current special status.
The motivation for the use of social media is that it will serve some purpose. In the professional arena, the main objective is to obtain some benefit – for both the individual and the organisation. Social media in its nature is regarded as being spontaneous and self-organising. However, if an organisation strives to benefit from social media, it should proceed in a planned manner.
Social media enables one to improve collaboration and networking, and broad- en their contact network. In practice, to gain these benefits, certain prerequisites should be met. People attach many kinds of mistrust to social media and in the professional arena costs and benefits are usually scaled. In order to build trust and to ensure the opportunities are realised, an organisation should be broadly familiar with social media and indeed justify how, and for which purpose, social media shall be used.
The handling of safety and certain occupational well-being related topics may include sensitive aspects which require a level of confidentiality and the building of confidence. Safety critical information (e.g. guidance) should also be reliable and of high quality. Therefore, the quality of safety information should be verified. On the other hand, in general, there is no reason to conceal information concerning the improvement of safety and well-being in the workplace – they are not business secrets – and subsequently, these aspects are suitable candidates for being handled and developed using social media.

This paper aims to address issues related to knowledge management (KM) to the sustainability of organizations, using the viewpoint of project management for analysis. Is there inter-relationship between project management and organizational sustainability from the viewpoint of knowledge management? To answer this, it started the scientific research for this question, through the systematic literature review. Thus, this paper considered articles published in magazines and scientific journals that present empirical studies in project management, knowledge and sustainability found in the scientific database Scopus. It was found that the integration of knowledge management with project management can leverage sustainability. The results indicate that further research be undertaken seeking to integrate these three areas of knowledge. Ferenhof et al.

The objective of this study was to computational analysis and comparison of a new graphical method of moldboard plough bottom design with previous graphical methods. Results show that the new method made the design and manufacturing process of plough bottom simpler. Also, this method decreased the weight of the bottom up to 7.3% due to the reduction of the overdesigned surface of it up to 273.5 cm2. Therefore, based on this developed method, the price and magnitude of energy consumption of the moldboard plough decreases due to reduce of the weight of bottom and its friction with soil. Also, a three dimensional model of the new designed bottom was designed using CATIA V5R16. Then, computational simulation of the bottom was carried out by ABAQUS V6.9 utilizing the finite element method. Interactions between the bottom and the test soil (sandy loam) were applied to the simulation using a distributed load applied to the surface of moldboard and share. This distributed load was obtained from interpolation among 14 point forces measured from field tests using piezo-resistive transducers located on the working surface of the bottom. The load distribution was then derived by using spatial interpolation. Results show that this new designed bottom can easily withstand the applied stresses and displacements during plowing process. Results obtained from this study are suitable for the manufacturers of moldboard plough specially those who wish to use the finite element method to improve their products.