Common Myna

Palestine hosts a large diversity of birds, with 393 recorded species, but little data are available on the chewing lice fauna found on these birds. In this study, we surveyed the species of chewing lice found on the common myna, Acridotheres tristis, which is one of the most invasive bird species in the world. Forty-five mynas were examined to collect their ectoparasites, which were preserved and slide mounted. Among the 1004 chewing lice processed, we identified two species: Menacanthus eurysternus (Burmeister, 1838) (prevalence 100%) and Brueelia chayanh Ansari, 1955 (prevalence 82.2%). No other species of chewing louse known from A. tristis in its native range was found, showing a possible sorting event in the founding population of common myna in the region. Prevalence (100%) and abundance (22.3) were high compared to similar studies of the common myna. To contribute to future research on the lice of common mynas, we provide an annotated checklist of the louse species reported from this host globally. Also, we redescribe and illustrate Brueelia chayanh, and place Sturnidoecus tristisae Bughio et al., 2018 as a new junior synonym of Sturnidoecus bannoo Ansari, 1968.

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Ringkasan: Jalak Cina merupakan burung migran, berbiak di Himalaya dan Cina. Bermigrasi pada musim tidak berbiak ke Asia Tenggara dan Sunda Besar. Burung Jalak Cina singgah di Pohon Beringin Ficus benjamina Malioboro Yogyakarta selama musim tidak berbiak yaitu November-Maret. Pada bulan Desember jumlah burung Jalak Cina yang singgah mencapai 2339 individu dan merupakan jumlah yang terbesar yang pernah diketahui di Indonesia. Lokasi berada di ujung tenggara dari rentang daerah tidak berbiaknya. Berdasarkan perhitungan yang dilakukan 24 kali pada pagi hari yang berbeda, sebagian besar burung singgah sedikitnya selama tiga bulan, dan beberapa individu mungkin lebih dari lima bulan. Sebagian besar burung telah pergi pada pertengahan Maret.

Ringkasan. Kami melaporkan hasil-hasil pengamatan dua species introduksi di Sulawesi Utara yang sebelumnya tidak pernah dilaporkan, yaitu Kerak kerbau Acridotheres javanicus dan Kerak Sulawesi A. cinereus. Model kolonisasi jenis-jenis ini di Sulawesi Utara belum dipahami dengan baik. Namun keberadaan jenis ini sebagai burung peliharaan di bagian wilayah lain di Indonesia menyiratkan kemungkinan perdagangan sebagai sumbernya.

The objective of this paper is to analyze the nesting success and nest building behavior of myna, Acridotheres tristis, using paper/plastic Myna in artificial nest. The boxes were placed at different sites, including University Town, Rahat Abad and Qadir Abad in Peshawar City, Pakistan. The artificial nests were designed 56 × 22 cm and 21 × 16 cm in dimension with respective opening of 8 cm and 7 cm. Total number of artificial nests were 55, therein, number of successful next recorded 42 and unsuccessful 13. Artificial nests were installed in breeding season of common myna. Total nesting success was 85.71 in March-April; 68.18 in May-June and 78.94 in July-August 2022. Nest losses were recorded during six months (March to August). Total success rate (%) was 76.36% and the mean (± SD) number of plastic collected as nesting material per day was 18.8 ± 3.12.

In Seychelles the Common Myna has been shown to negatively impact endangered endemic birds, on Denis Island interfering with breeding attempts and attacking adult endemic birds at their nests. This stimulated an attempt to eradicate the island's mynas. The eradication was undertaken in three phases, overall killing 1179 mynas and lasting 4 years. Decoy trapping was the most effective method of catching mynas but the last birds were shot. Decoy trapping was compromised by catches of non-target species. Data collection from killed birds indicated that trapping did not favour either sex, and that most breeding occurred during the wetter season, November to March. Eradication of mynas from small tropical islands is feasible. The Denis Island eradication was prolonged by difficulties in management and staffing. Using volunteers, the cost of the eradication was similar to that of eradicating rodents from the island. In future eradication attempts in Seychelles, possible food stress du...

The common myna is an invasive species in Florida, Hawaii, and in numerous other locations around the world. It is native to southern and southeast Asia. Common mynas are considered pests to fruit crops in many locales, and they are predators on eggs of other birds. Since their introduction to American Samoa in the 1980s, mynas have become the most frequently observed avifauna in developed areas in the country. The American Samoa Department of Marine and Wildlife Resources (DMWR) is concerned that expanding myna populations will exert competitive pressures on native species such as the Samoan starling and white-collared kingfisher. Additionally, the mynas are increasingly becoming social nuisances through nesting, foraging, and vocalization behaviors. The government and general population of American Samoa would like to eradicate these birds before populations are too large to control. In partnership with DMWR, we conducted trials with captive mynas to determine sensitivity to the avian toxicant DRC-1339, and to evaluate a potential baiting strategy for applying this toxicant on American Samoa to reduce myna populations.

The successful establishment and expansion of invasive species may be linked to the behavior and dispersal tendency of individuals within an introduced population. To test the prediction that the boldest individuals, with the greatest dispersal tendency would be concentrated in the area of active range expansion, we compared the behavior, dispersal tendency, and metabolic rate of male round goby (Neogobius melanostomus) sampled from the expanding edge of their range with those sampled from an established area in the Trent-Severn Waterway, Ontario, Canada. Behavior and dispersal tendency were assessed in an artificial flume at 2 different water velocities using individuals caught in the spring and autumn of 2013, while resting metabolic rate (RMR) was determined using intermittent flow-through respirometry on fish collected in the autumn only. Round goby from the edge of their expanding range emerged from a shelter sooner, moved farther and faster in the flume, and had higher RMRs than individuals from established areas within the river. Neither water velocity nor season of capture was important in explaining the variation in time of emergence or movement. The higher proportion of bold individuals with high dispersal potential at invasion fronts facilitates further dispersal of round goby populations, and could help explain the rapid expansion of this species in North America and Western Europe. However, the benefits of bold phenotypes in terms of dispersal may be offset by increased energetic costs while at rest.

The common myna is an invasive species in Florida, Hawaii, and in numerous other locations around the world. It is native to southern and southeast Asia. Common mynas are considered pests to fruit crops in many locales, and they are predators on eggs of other birds. Since their introduction to American Samoa in the 1980s, mynas have become the most frequently observed avifauna in developed areas in the country. The American Samoa Department of Marine and Wildlife Resources (DMWR) is concerned that expanding myna populations will exert competitive pressures on native species such as the Samoan starling and white-collared kingfisher. Additionally, the mynas are increasingly becoming social nuisances through nesting, foraging, and vocalization behaviors. The government and general population of American Samoa would like to eradicate these birds before populations are too large to control. In partnership with DMWR, we conducted trials with captive mynas to determine sensitivity to the avian toxicant DRC-1339, and to evaluate a potential baiting strategy for applying this toxicant on American Samoa to reduce myna populations.

Ringkasan: Jalak mawar Pastor roseus belum pernah tercatat di Indonesia, namun pernah tercatat di Sabah, Malaysia timur sebagai jenis pengembara. Burung ini tercatat di taman dekat Ambarukmo Plaza Yogyakarta dan di area tepi pantai Pulau Serangan, Bali pada musim migrasi tahun 2013-2014. Burung ini diduga bermigrasi bersama Jalak Cina dan Jalak Filipina. Meskipun tidak dapat dipastikan, adanya penjualan Jalak mawar di Yogyakarta mengindikasikan adanya kemungkinan individu tersebut adalah burung lepasan. Namun demikian, perjumpaan ini menjadi catatan pertama bagi jenis ini di Indonesia.

Alap-alap Capung (Microhierax fringillarius) merupakan raptor terkecil dari famili Falconidae. Burung ini memangsa serangga sebagai makanan utamanya, terkadang memakan burung-burung kecil seperti walet, bondol, dan burung-madu. Catatan dari Kacip, kawah Gunung Baluran, Situbondo, Jawa Timur ini menjelaskan tentang temuan mangsa terbesar Alap-alap Capung yaitu Pelanduk Topi-hitam (Pellorneum capistratum)