WO2024135220A1 - ロボット制御システム - Google Patents
ロボット制御システム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024135220A1 WO2024135220A1 PCT/JP2023/042090 JP2023042090W WO2024135220A1 WO 2024135220 A1 WO2024135220 A1 WO 2024135220A1 JP 2023042090 W JP2023042090 W JP 2023042090W WO 2024135220 A1 WO2024135220 A1 WO 2024135220A1
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- robot
- camera
- recognition unit
- control system
- recognized
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
- B25J9/00—Program-controlled manipulators
- B25J9/16—Program controls
- B25J9/1694—Program controls characterised by use of sensors other than normal servo-feedback from position, speed or acceleration sensors, perception control, multi-sensor controlled systems, sensor fusion
- B25J9/1697—Vision controlled systems
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
- B25J13/00—Controls for manipulators
- B25J13/08—Controls for manipulators by means of sensing devices, e.g. viewing or touching devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
- B25J9/00—Program-controlled manipulators
- B25J9/16—Program controls
- B25J9/1679—Program controls characterised by the tasks executed
- B25J9/1692—Calibration of manipulator
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T7/00—Image analysis
- G06T7/70—Determining position or orientation of objects or cameras
- G06T7/73—Determining position or orientation of objects or cameras using feature-based methods
- G06T7/74—Determining position or orientation of objects or cameras using feature-based methods involving reference images or patches
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
- H04N23/60—Control of cameras or camera modules
- H04N23/695—Control of camera direction for changing a field of view, e.g. pan, tilt or based on tracking of objects
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
- B25J19/00—Accessories fitted to manipulators, e.g. for monitoring, for viewing; Safety devices combined with or specially adapted for use in connection with manipulators
- B25J19/02—Sensing devices
- B25J19/021—Optical sensing devices
- B25J19/023—Optical sensing devices including video camera means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/30—Nc systems
- G05B2219/39—Robotics, robotics to robotics hand
- G05B2219/39057—Hand eye calibration, eye, camera on hand, end effector
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
- G06T2207/10—Image acquisition modality
- G06T2207/10004—Still image; Photographic image
- G06T2207/10012—Stereo images
Definitions
- This disclosure relates to a robot control system that includes a camera and a robot.
- Patent Document 1 Conventionally, there is a fixed camera type robot control system that captures images of a workpiece in the work area using a camera attached to a fixed structure installed above the robot's work area, and processes the images captured by the camera to recognize the position of the workpiece (see Patent Document 1).
- Patent Document 1 also describes an on-hand camera type robot control system in which a camera is attached to the robot.
- a robot performs work on a work in each of the supply section and the storage section (multiple work areas), such as when the robot picks up a work (object) from a work supply section and carries it to a work storage section to store it.
- a fixed camera type robot control system requires a camera for each work area.
- an on-hand camera type robot control system cannot perform work on a work until an image of the work is captured by a camera attached to the robot and the position of the work is recognized, which lengthens the cycle time from picking up the work to storing it.
- the present disclosure has been made to solve the above problems, and its main objective is to prevent an increase in the number of cameras required and to prevent a longer cycle time, even when a robot works on objects in multiple work areas.
- the first means for solving the above problem is to A robot that performs work on objects in each of a plurality of work areas; a movable camera that moves separately from the robot and is capable of capturing an image of each of the objects in the plurality of work areas; an object recognition unit capable of recognizing a position of an object based on an image captured by the movable camera from a predetermined position;
- a robot control system comprising: The movable camera acquires a predetermined image captured by taking a reference object serving as a position reference and the target object in a field of view, the object recognition unit registers in advance a position of the reference object recognized based on an image captured from the predetermined position as a reference position, calculates an amount of deviation of a position of the movable camera from the predetermined position based on the reference position and the position of the reference object recognized based on the predetermined image, and recognizes a position of the target object based on the amount of deviation and the predetermined image;
- the robot performs an operation on the object based on the
- the robot works on objects in multiple work areas. Therefore, in order to recognize the position of the object in each of the multiple work areas, it is necessary to capture images of the objects in each of the multiple work areas.
- the movable camera moves separately from the robot and is capable of capturing images of the objects in each of the multiple work areas.
- the object recognition unit is then capable of recognizing the position of the object based on an image captured by the movable camera from a predetermined position. Therefore, by moving the movable camera to a predetermined position and capturing images of the objects in each of the multiple work areas, it is possible to recognize the position of the object in each of the multiple work areas. Therefore, even when the robot works on objects in each of the multiple work areas, it is possible to prevent an increase in the number of cameras required.
- the movable camera also acquires a predetermined image captured with a reference object serving as a position reference and the target object in view. Therefore, the predetermined image includes the reference object and the target object.
- the object recognition unit preregisters the position of the reference object recognized based on an image captured from a predetermined position as a reference position. Here, if the position of the reference object recognized based on an image captured by the movable camera deviates from the reference position, the amount of deviation is due to the amount of deviation of the position of the movable camera from the predetermined position. Therefore, even if the position of the movable camera deviates from the predetermined position, the object recognition unit can recognize the position of the object based on the captured image by correcting using this amount of deviation.
- the object recognition unit calculates the amount of deviation of the position of the movable camera from the predetermined position based on the reference position and the position of the reference object recognized based on the predetermined image, and recognizes the position of the target object based on the amount of deviation and the predetermined image. Therefore, even if the movable camera cannot return to the predetermined position accurately, the position of the target object can be accurately recognized. The robot can then accurately perform tasks on the object based on the position of the object recognized by the object recognition unit.
- the position of an object can be recognized by a movable camera in one work area, while a robot can work on the object in another work area where the position for storing the object has already been recognized.
- the recognition of the object's position by the movable camera and the work on the object by the robot can be performed in parallel. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the cycle time from starting to recognize the object's position by the movable camera to finishing working on the object from becoming long in multiple work areas.
- a plurality of the robots are provided, the reference object is provided in each of the work areas of the plurality of robots, and the movable camera is capable of capturing an image of the object in each of the work areas of the plurality of robots.
- the movable camera moves to a position where the reference object and the target object are in the field of view and acquires the specified image.
- the object recognition unit can perform a calibration to correct the correspondence between the coordinate system of the movable camera and the coordinate system of the robot, thereby making it possible to recognize the position of the object in the coordinate system of the robot as the position of the object based on an image captured by the movable camera from the specified position.
- the calibration is performed using a 3D scanner that has a higher accuracy in detecting the position of an object than the movable camera, and the reference position is registered in advance using the 3D scanner.
- the correspondence between the coordinate system of the movable camera and the coordinate system of the robot can be accurately calibrated.
- the reference position which is the position of the reference object recognized based on an image captured from the specified position, can be obtained more accurately. Therefore, the amount of deviation of the position of the movable camera from the specified position can be calculated more accurately, and the position of the target object can be recognized more accurately.
- the robot grasps the object in one of the plurality of work areas, moves the object to another work area, and releases it.
- a camera is not required for each work area.
- the robot can grasp the object in a first work area where the position of the object has already been recognized, and a movable camera can recognize the position to place the object in a second work area where the object is released.
- the object recognition unit calculates the amount of deviation of the position of the movable camera from the predetermined position based on the reference position and the position of the reference object recognized based on the predetermined image, and recognizes the position of the object based on the amount of deviation and the predetermined image, and the robot performs the task of grasping the object based on the position of the object recognized by the object recognition unit.
- the object recognition unit calculates the amount of deviation of the position of the movable camera from the predetermined position based on the reference position and the position of the reference object recognized based on the predetermined image, and recognizes the position of the object based on the amount of deviation and the predetermined image, and the robot performs the task of moving the object from the one work area to another work area and releasing it based on the position of the object recognized by the object recognition unit.
- the position of the object can be accurately recognized after grasping, and based on the accurately recognized position of the object, the object can be moved from one work area to another work area and released at an accurate position (placed in an accurate position).
- the reference object is a block made of an asymmetric polyhedron arranged around the target object.
- the reference object is a part of the equipment present around the target object.
- a part of the equipment present around the target object can be used as the reference object, eliminating the need to place a special block or the like as the reference object.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a robot control system
- FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing an initial setting procedure
- FIG. 3 is a flow chart showing a control procedure when the robot is in operation.
- the robot control system 10 includes a robot 20, a camera 30, a slider 40, an object recognition unit 50, and a robot control device 60.
- the robot 20 is, for example, a single-arm vertical articulated robot.
- the robot 20 grasps (grabs) the workpiece W in the supply section and moves it to the processing section, where it processes the workpiece W using a cutting machine or the like, and then moves the workpiece W to the storage section and places the workpiece W on each placement section Sn of the storage case H (releases the workpiece W).
- the robot 20 works on objects in multiple work areas.
- a grasping tool 22 (work tool) is attached to the tip of the arm section 21 of the robot 20.
- the workpiece W (target object) is a three-dimensional object of a specified shape. Multiple workpieces W of the same shape are stored in the shipping box Tb in an unaligned state. In other words, the position and orientation of each workpiece W are unspecified.
- the camera 30 (movable camera) is a binocular camera that captures three-dimensional images.
- the camera 30 is attached to the movable part 41 of the slider 40.
- the slider 40 can move the movable part 41 back and forth in a straight line and stop the movable part 41 at any position on the line.
- the driving state of the slider 40 is controlled, for example, by the object recognition unit 50.
- the camera 30 is attached to the movable part 41 in an orientation that allows it to move together with the movable part 41 and capture images of the supply part, processing part, and storage part (work area).
- the viewing angle of the camera 30 is a viewing angle that allows all workpieces W and reference blocks B1 in the transport box Tb to be viewed in the supply part.
- the viewing angle of the camera 30 is a viewing angle that allows all placement parts Sn and reference blocks B3 in the storage case H to be viewed in the storage part.
- the reference blocks B1 and B3 serve as positional references, and are, for example, blocks (three-dimensional objects) made of asymmetric polyhedrons (shapes with characteristic features) arranged near (around) the workpiece W and the placement section Sn.
- the placement section Sn (position for accommodating the object) is formed, for example, as a recess corresponding to the shape of the workpiece W after machining.
- the camera 30 moves separately from the robot 20 and can capture images of the objects in the multiple work areas.
- the camera 30 has a function for automatically adjusting the focus position when capturing an image.
- the camera 30 is moved between a first imaging position P1 and a second imaging position P2.
- the camera 30 captures a three-dimensional image with all the workpieces W and the reference block B1 in the return box Tb in the same imaging field of view.
- the camera 30 captures a three-dimensional image with all the placement sections Sn and the reference block B3 in the storage case H in the same imaging field of view.
- the first imaging position P1 and the second imaging position P2 can be set in advance as positions where the camera 30 can capture images of each work area, or can be set each time based on the three-dimensional image.
- the object recognition unit 50 includes an image processing unit, a storage unit, an input/output interface, and the like.
- the object recognition unit 50 performs calibration to calibrate the correspondence between the coordinate system of the camera 30 and the coordinate system of the robot 20.
- the object recognition unit 50 performs calibration while the camera 30 is moved to the first image capture position P1 and the second image capture position P2 (predetermined positions).
- a predetermined marker B2 is attached to the tip of the arm unit 21 of the robot 20, and the marker B2 is captured by the camera 30 while the arm unit 21 is operating.
- a calibration board on which a predetermined dot pattern or the like is printed, or a block similar to the above-mentioned reference blocks B1 and B3, or the like can be used.
- the object recognition unit 50 acquires parameters for converting the position and orientation (position) of the object in the coordinate system of the camera 30 recognized based on the image captured by the camera 30 from the image capture position during calibration into the position and orientation (position) of the object in the coordinate system of the robot 20.
- the parameters include information on the first image capture position P1 and the second image capture position P2. That is, by performing calibration, the object recognition unit 50 is able to recognize the position and orientation of an object in the coordinate system of the robot 20 as the position and orientation of the object based on an image captured by the camera 30 from a predetermined position.
- the position and orientation of an object in the coordinate system of the robot 20 may be simply referred to as the position and orientation of the object.
- the object recognition unit 50 recognizes (calculates) the position and orientation of an object using a three-dimensional image (three-dimensional image data) acquired by the camera 30. Specifically, the object recognition unit 50 calculates the position, orientation (direction), etc. of the object from the three-dimensional image acquired by the camera 30. The object recognition unit 50 recognizes the positions and orientations of the workpiece W, the reference blocks B1 and B3, and the placement section Sn in the storage case H based on the three-dimensional image.
- the robot control device 60 is equipped with a CPU, ROM, RAM, and an input/output interface, etc.
- the robot control device 60 controls the swing and rotation of the arm portion 21 of the robot 20, the operation of the gripping tool 22, etc.
- the robot control device 60 controls each operation of the robot 20 based on the position and orientation of the workpiece W recognized by the object recognition unit 50. Note that each operation of the robot 20 is taught in advance and stored in the robot control device 60, so the robot control device 60 automatically corrects the teaching data based on the position and orientation of the workpiece W calculated by the object recognition unit 50.
- the robot 20 and the camera 30 are calibrated (S10). Specifically, the above calibration is performed with the camera 30 moved to the first imaging position P1 by the slider 40. At this time, the three-dimensional image captured by the camera 30 includes all of the workpieces W and the reference block B1 in the return box Tb. Note that the return box Tb and the reference block B1 may be positioned after the calibration so that the three-dimensional image captured by the camera 30 includes all of the workpieces W and the reference block B1 in the return box Tb.
- the shape data of the reference block B1 is registered (S11). Specifically, the three-dimensional image captured by the camera 30 is processed to obtain and register the three-dimensional shape data of the reference block B1.
- the three-dimensional shape data is obtained as point cloud data representing the positions of each point of the object.
- the positional relationship between the reference block B1 and the camera 30 is acquired (S12). Specifically, the position and orientation of the reference block B1 in the coordinate system of the camera 30 is recognized based on a three-dimensional image of the reference block B1 captured by the camera 30 from the first imaging position P1. The position and orientation (position) of the reference block B1 in the coordinate system of the camera 30 is converted to the position and orientation (position) of the reference block B1 in the coordinate system of the robot 20 using the above parameters. Then, the position and orientation (reference position) of the reference block B1 in the coordinate system of the robot 20 is acquired as the positional relationship between the reference block B1 and the camera 30. In other words, the position and orientation of the reference block B1 recognized based on the three-dimensional image of the reference block B1 captured by the camera 30 from the first imaging position P1 is acquired as the positional relationship between the reference block B1 and the camera 30.
- the shape data of the target object is registered (S13). Specifically, the three-dimensional image captured by the camera 30 is processed to obtain and register the three-dimensional shape data of the workpiece W. Note that since multiple workpieces W have the same shape, it is sufficient to obtain the three-dimensional shape data of one representative workpiece W.
- the master data is saved (S14). Specifically, the three-dimensional shape data of the reference block B1, the position and orientation of the reference block B1 in the coordinate system of the robot 20, and the three-dimensional shape data of the workpiece W are saved as master data to be used when the robot 20 is in operation. Then, this series of processes is terminated (END).
- the object recognition unit 50 also performs the same processes as S10 to S14 above with the camera 30 moved to the second image capture position P2 by the slider 40.
- the reference block B3 is treated as the reference block
- the placement section Sn in the storage case H is treated as the target object.
- the master data is read (S20). Specifically, the master data saved in the initial settings is read.
- the reference block and the object are in the same imaging field (S21). Specifically, it is determined whether the reference block B1 and all the workpieces W are in the same imaging field (one imaging field). This determination can be made by so-called matching based on the three-dimensional image captured by the camera 30 and the above master data (three-dimensional shape data of the reference block B1 and three-dimensional shape data of the workpieces W). In this determination, if it is determined that the reference block B1 and all the workpieces W are not in the same imaging field (S21: NO), the camera 30 is moved to another imaging position by the slider 40 (S22). Specifically, the movable part 41 of the slider 40 is moved a predetermined amount to one of the linear tracks of the slider 40.
- the amount of deviation of the movable camera is calculated (S23). Specifically, the amount of deviation of the current position (position) of the camera 30 from the first imaging position P1 is calculated.
- the amount of deviation corresponds to (is caused by) the amount of deviation of the current position of the camera 30 from the first imaging position P1.
- the amount of deviation of the current position of the camera 30 from the first imaging position P1 is calculated.
- the amount of deviation of the movable camera is corrected (S24). Specifically, the parameters for converting the position and orientation (position) of the object in the coordinate system of the camera 30 to the position and orientation (position) of the object in the coordinate system of the robot 20 are corrected based on the amount of deviation (the amount of deviation is reflected in the parameters).
- the position and orientation (position) of the object is recognized (S25). Specifically, the position and orientation of the workpiece W in the coordinate system of the camera 30 is recognized based on a three-dimensional image of the workpiece W captured by the camera 30 from the current position. At this time, the workpiece W to be grasped is selected from the multiple workpieces W, and the position and orientation of the selected workpiece W is recognized. Then, the position and orientation of the workpiece W in the coordinate system of the camera 30 is converted to the position and orientation of the workpiece W in the coordinate system of the robot 20 using the corrected parameters.
- the amount of deviation of the current position (position) of the camera 30 from the first imaging position P1 (predetermined position) is calculated, and the position and orientation (position) of the workpiece W is recognized based on the amount of deviation and the predetermined image.
- the position and orientation (position) of the target object is transmitted to the robot control device 60 (S26).
- the object recognition unit 50 transmits the recognized position and orientation of the workpiece W to the robot control device 60.
- the operation of the robot 20 is controlled (S27). Specifically, the robot control device 60 operates the arm unit 21 and the gripping tool 22 to grasp the workpiece W based on the position and orientation of the workpiece W received (performs work on the workpiece W). Meanwhile, while the robot 20 is working in the supply section, the object recognition unit 50 moves the camera 30 to the second image capture position P2 and executes the same processes as S20 to S26 for the reference block B3 and each placement section Sn of the storage case H. After grasping the workpiece W in the supply section, the workpiece W is moved to the processing section and processed by a cutting machine or the like.
- the workpiece W After processing the workpiece W, the workpiece W is moved to the storage section and the workpiece W is placed on each placement section Sn of the storage case H.
- the robot control device 60 places the workpiece W on the target placement section Sn based on the position and orientation of each placement section Sn of the storage case H that the robot 20 recognized in advance when working in the supply section. Then, while the robot 20 is working in the storage area, the object recognition unit 50 moves the camera 30 back to the first image capture position P1 and executes the processes of S20 to S26 again. Thereafter, the above processes are repeated until work is completed for all workpieces W.
- the camera 30 can move separately from the robot 20 and capture images of the workpieces W and the placement portions Sn of the storage cases H in multiple work areas.
- the object recognition unit 50 can recognize the position of the object based on images captured by the camera 30 from the first imaging position P1 and the second imaging position P2. Therefore, by moving the camera 30 to the first imaging position P1 and the second imaging position P2 to capture images of the workpieces W and the placement portions Sn of the storage cases H in multiple work areas, the positions of the workpieces W and the placement portions Sn of the storage cases H in each of the multiple work areas can be recognized. Therefore, even when the robot 20 works on the workpieces W in each of the multiple work areas, it is possible to prevent an increase in the number of cameras required.
- the object recognition unit 50 calculates the amount of deviation of the position of the camera 30 from the first imaging position P1 based on the reference position of the reference block B1 recognized based on the three-dimensional image captured from the first imaging position P1 and the position of the reference block B1 recognized based on a specified image captured with the reference block B1 and the workpiece W in the same field of view. Then, the object recognition unit 50 recognizes the position of the workpiece W based on the amount of deviation and the specified image. Therefore, even if the camera 30 cannot return accurately to the first imaging position P1, the position of the workpiece W can be accurately recognized. Then, the robot 20 can accurately perform work on the workpiece W based on the position of the workpiece W recognized by the object recognition unit 50. The same applies to the second imaging position P2, the reference block B3, and the placement portion Sn of the storage case H.
- the position of the work W can be recognized by the camera 30 in the supply section, and the robot 20 can work on the work W in the storage section where the position of the placement section Sn of the storage case H has already been recognized. That is, the recognition of the position of the work W by the camera 30 and the work on the work W on the placement section Sn by the robot 20 can be performed in parallel. Therefore, in multiple work areas, it is possible to prevent the cycle time from when the camera 30 starts to recognize the position of the work W to when the work on the work W is completed from becoming long. Also, the position of the placement section Sn of the storage case H can be recognized by the camera 30 in the storage section, and the robot 20 can work on the work W in the supply section where the position of the work W has already been recognized.
- the camera 30 moves to a position where the reference block B1 and the workpiece W are in the same imaging field to acquire a specified image.
- the camera 30 can move and change its position to acquire a specified image in which the reference block B1 and the workpiece W are in the same imaging field.
- the robot 20 grasps the workpiece W in the supply section of the multiple work areas, moves the workpiece W to the storage section, and releases it. With this configuration, even when the workpiece W is grasped in one of the multiple work areas and moved to another work area to release (place) it, a camera is not required for each work area. Furthermore, the robot 20 grasps the workpiece W in the supply section, which has already recognized the position of the workpiece W, and the camera 30 can recognize the position of the placement section Sn of the storage case H in the storage section where the workpiece W is released. As a result, the number of cameras required is prevented from increasing, and the cycle time is prevented from becoming longer.
- the object recognition section 50 calculates the amount of deviation of the current position of the camera 30 from the first imaging position P1 based on the reference position and the position of the reference block B1 recognized based on the specified image, and recognizes the position and orientation of the workpiece W based on the amount of deviation and the specified image.
- the robot 20 then performs the task of grasping the workpiece W based on the position and orientation of the workpiece W recognized by the object recognition section 50.
- the reference block B1 is a block consisting of an asymmetric polyhedron arranged around the workpiece W. This configuration makes it easier for the object recognition unit 50 to capture the characteristics of the reference block B1, and therefore makes it easier to recognize the position of the reference block B1.
- the three-dimensional shape data of the reference blocks B1 and B3 can also be formed by combining the three-dimensional image data captured by the camera 30 at the first imaging position P1 and the second imaging position P2, respectively, with the three-dimensional CAD data of the reference blocks B1 and B3.
- the three-dimensional shape data of the workpiece W and the mounting portion Sn of the storage case H can also be formed by combining the three-dimensional image data captured by the camera 30 at the first imaging position P1 and the second imaging position P2, respectively, with the three-dimensional CAD data of the workpiece W and the mounting portion Sn.
- the object recognition unit 50 can also perform calibration using a 3D scanner 70, which has a higher accuracy in detecting the position of an object than the camera 30.
- the object recognition unit 50 performs calibration with the 3D scanner 70 placed at the first imaging position P1 and the second imaging position P2 (predetermined positions). Then, the position and orientation (reference position) of the reference blocks B1 and B3 recognized based on the three-dimensional images captured by the 3D scanner 70 from the first imaging position P1 and the second imaging position P2, respectively, is acquired and registered as the positional relationship between the reference blocks B1 and B3 and the camera 30.
- This configuration allows the correspondence between the coordinate system of the camera 30 and the coordinate system of the robot 20 to be accurately calibrated. Furthermore, the reference positions, which are the positions of the reference blocks B1 and B3 recognized based on the images captured from the first imaging position P1 and the second imaging position P2, respectively, can be obtained more accurately. Therefore, the amount of deviation of the position of the camera 30 from the first imaging position P1 and the second imaging position P2 can be calculated more accurately, and the positions of the workpiece W and the placement portion Sn of the storage case H can be recognized more accurately.
- the object recognition unit 50 may grasp the workpiece W in the supply unit of the multiple work areas, and then calculate the amount of deviation of the current position of the camera 30 from the first imaging position P1 based on the reference position and the position of the reference block B1 recognized based on the specified image, and recognize the position and orientation (position) of the workpiece W based on the amount of deviation and the specified image. Then, after grasping the workpiece W, the robot 20 may move the workpiece W from the supply unit to the storage unit and release it based on the position and orientation of the workpiece W recognized by the object recognition unit 50.
- the position and orientation of the workpiece W can be accurately recognized after it is grasped, and based on the accurately recognized position and orientation of the workpiece W, the workpiece W can be moved from the supply section to the storage section and released at the correct position (placed at the correct position).
- the workpiece W after the workpiece W is grasped in the supply section, it is also possible to move the workpiece W from the supply section to the processing section and perform processing based on the position and orientation of the workpiece W recognized by the object recognition section 50.
- the amount of deviation of the current position of the camera 30 from the first image capture position P1 is calculated. Based on this deviation amount and the information on the first image capture position P1 and the second image capture position P2 contained in the above parameters for converting the coordinates, the current position of the camera 30 is calculated. Then, based on the current position of the camera 30 and the above specified image, the position and orientation (location) of the workpiece W can also be recognized.
- the robot control system 10 may include multiple robots 20.
- reference blocks B1, B3 reference objects
- the camera 30 can capture images of the workpieces W (objects) and the placement portion Sn of the storage case H in the multiple work areas of the multiple robots 20.
- the movable portion 41 of the slider 40 can move to the multiple work areas of the multiple robots 20.
- one reference block when one reference block is imaged by the camera 30, if the workpiece W and the placement section Sn of the storage case H are within the imaging field of view, one reference block common to the supply section and storage section may be arranged. And, one reference block may be arranged for each robot 20.
- a part of the equipment around the work W and the placement portion Sn of the storage case H can also be used as a reference object that serves as a positional reference. It is preferable that the part of the equipment used as the reference object is an object whose position and shape do not change and whose features are easy to recognize by the camera 30. With this configuration, a part of the equipment around the work W and the placement portion Sn of the storage case H can be used as the reference object, eliminating the need to place a special block or the like as the reference object.
- the object recognition unit 50 may be included in the robot control device 60 or in the camera 30.
- the robot 20 may be a single-arm horizontal articulated robot.
- the robot 20 may also be a dual-arm articulated robot.
- a robot control system (10) comprising: The movable camera acquires a predetermined image captured by taking a reference object (B1) serving as a position reference and the target object in its field of view, the object recognition unit registers in advance a position of the reference object recognized based on an image captured from the predetermined position as a reference position, calculates an amount of deviation of a position of the movable camera from the predetermined position based on the reference position and the position of the reference object recognized based on the predetermined image, and recognizes a
- [Configuration 6] The robot control system according to any one of configurations 1 to 5, wherein the robot grasps the object in one of the plurality of working areas, moves the object to another working area, and releases the object.
- the object recognition unit calculates an amount of deviation of a position of the movable camera from a predetermined position based on the reference position and a position of the reference object recognized based on the predetermined image, before grasping the object in one of the plurality of work areas, and recognizes the position of the object based on the amount of deviation and the predetermined image; 7.
- the object recognition unit after grasping the object in one of the plurality of work areas, calculates an amount of deviation of a position of the movable camera from the predetermined position based on the reference position and a position of the reference object recognized based on the predetermined image, and recognizes the position of the object based on the amount of deviation and the predetermined image;
- the robot control system according to configuration 6 or 7, wherein the robot performs a task of moving the object from one working area to another working area and releasing it based on the position of the object recognized by the object recognition unit.
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Abstract
Description
複数の作業エリアでそれぞれ対象物に対して作業を行うロボットと、
前記ロボットと分離して移動し、前記複数の作業エリアの前記対象物をそれぞれ撮像可能な可動式カメラと、
前記可動式カメラにより所定位置から撮像された画像に基づいて、物体の位置を認識可能である物体認識部と、
を備えるロボット制御システムであって、
前記可動式カメラは、位置基準となる基準物と前記対象物とを視野に入れて撮像した所定画像を取得し、
前記物体認識部は、前記所定位置から撮像された画像に基づき認識した前記基準物の位置を基準位置として予め登録しており、前記基準位置と前記所定画像に基づき認識した前記基準物の位置とに基づいて、前記可動式カメラの位置の前記所定位置からのずれ量を算出し、前記ずれ量と前記所定画像とに基づいて前記対象物の位置を認識し、
前記ロボットは、前記物体認識部により認識された前記対象物の位置に基づいて、前記対象物に対して作業を行う。
[構成1]
複数の作業エリアでそれぞれ対象物(W)に対して作業を行うロボット(20)と、
前記ロボットと分離して移動し、前記複数の作業エリアの前記対象物をそれぞれ撮像可能な可動式カメラ(30)と、
前記可動式カメラにより所定位置(P1、P2)から撮像された画像に基づいて、物体の位置を認識可能である物体認識部(50)と、
を備えるロボット制御システム(10)であって、
前記可動式カメラは、位置基準となる基準物(B1)と前記対象物とを視野に入れて撮像した所定画像を取得し、
前記物体認識部は、前記所定位置から撮像された画像に基づき認識した前記基準物の位置を基準位置として予め登録しており、前記基準位置と前記所定画像に基づき認識した前記基準物の位置とに基づいて、前記可動式カメラの位置の前記所定位置からのずれ量を算出し、前記ずれ量と前記所定画像とに基づいて前記対象物の位置を認識し、
前記ロボットは、前記物体認識部により認識された前記対象物の位置に基づいて、前記対象物に対して作業を行う、ロボット制御システム。
[構成2]
前記ロボットを複数備え、
前記基準物は、複数の前記ロボットの前記複数の作業エリアにそれぞれ設けられており、
前記可動式カメラは、複数の前記ロボットの前記複数の作業エリアの前記対象物をそれぞれ撮像可能である、構成1に記載のロボット制御システム。
[構成3]
前記可動式カメラは、視野に前記基準物と前記対象物とが入っていない場合に、視野に前記基準物と前記対象物とが入る位置まで移動して前記所定画像を取得する、構成1又は2に記載のロボット制御システム。
[構成4]
前記物体認識部は、前記可動式カメラの座標系と前記ロボットの座標系との対応関係を校正するキャリブレーションを行うことにより、前記可動式カメラにより前記所定位置から撮像された画像に基づいて、前記物体の位置として前記ロボットの座標系における物体の位置を認識可能とする、構成1~3のいずれか1つに記載のロボット制御システム。
[構成5]
前記キャリブレーションは、物体の位置を検出する精度が前記可動式カメラよりも高い3Dスキャナ(70)を用いて行われ、
前記基準位置は、前記3Dスキャナを用いて予め登録されている、構成4に記載のロボット制御システム。
[構成6]
前記ロボットは、前記複数の作業エリアのうちの1つの作業エリアにおいて前記対象物を掴み、他の作業エリアまで前記対象物を移動させて離す作業を行う、構成1~5のいずれか1つに記載のロボット制御システム。
[構成7]
前記物体認識部は、前記複数の作業エリアのうちの1つの作業エリアにおいて前記対象物を掴む前に、前記基準位置と前記所定画像に基づき認識した前記基準物の位置とに基づいて、前記可動式カメラの位置の前記所定位置からのずれ量を算出し、前記ずれ量と前記所定画像とに基づいて前記対象物の位置を認識し、
前記ロボットは、前記物体認識部により認識された前記対象物の位置に基づいて、前記対象物を掴む作業を行う、構成6に記載のロボット制御システム。
[構成8]
前記物体認識部は、前記複数の作業エリアのうちの1つの作業エリアにおいて前記対象物を掴んだ後に、前記基準位置と前記所定画像に基づき認識した前記基準物の位置とに基づいて、前記可動式カメラの位置の前記所定位置からのずれ量を算出し、前記ずれ量と前記所定画像とに基づいて前記対象物の位置を認識し、
前記ロボットは、前記物体認識部により認識された前記対象物の位置に基づいて、前記1つの作業エリアから他の作業エリアまで前記対象物を移動させて離す作業を行う、構成6又は7に記載のロボット制御システム。
[構成9]
前記基準物は、前記対象物の周囲に配置された非対称の多面体からなるブロックである、構成1~8のいずれか1つに記載のロボット制御システム。
[構成10]
前記基準物は、前記対象物の周囲に存在する設備の一部である、構成1~8のいずれか1つに記載のロボット制御システム。
Claims (10)
- 複数の作業エリアでそれぞれ対象物(W)に対して作業を行うロボット(20)と、
前記ロボットと分離して移動し、前記複数の作業エリアの前記対象物をそれぞれ撮像可能な可動式カメラ(30)と、
前記可動式カメラにより所定位置(P1、P2)から撮像された画像に基づいて、物体の位置を認識可能である物体認識部(50)と、
を備えるロボット制御システム(10)であって、
前記可動式カメラは、位置基準となる基準物(B1)と前記対象物とを視野に入れて撮像した所定画像を取得し、
前記物体認識部は、前記所定位置から撮像された画像に基づき認識した前記基準物の位置を基準位置として予め登録しており、前記基準位置と前記所定画像に基づき認識した前記基準物の位置とに基づいて、前記可動式カメラの位置の前記所定位置からのずれ量を算出し、前記ずれ量と前記所定画像とに基づいて前記対象物の位置を認識し、
前記ロボットは、前記物体認識部により認識された前記対象物の位置に基づいて、前記対象物に対して作業を行う、ロボット制御システム。 - 前記ロボットを複数備え、
前記基準物は、複数の前記ロボットの前記複数の作業エリアにそれぞれ設けられており、
前記可動式カメラは、複数の前記ロボットの前記複数の作業エリアの前記対象物をそれぞれ撮像可能である、請求項1に記載のロボット制御システム。 - 前記可動式カメラは、視野に前記基準物と前記対象物とが入っていない場合に、視野に前記基準物と前記対象物とが入る位置まで移動して前記所定画像を取得する、請求項1又は2に記載のロボット制御システム。
- 前記物体認識部は、前記可動式カメラの座標系と前記ロボットの座標系との対応関係を校正するキャリブレーションを行うことにより、前記可動式カメラにより前記所定位置から撮像された画像に基づいて、前記物体の位置として前記ロボットの座標系における物体の位置を認識可能とする、請求項1又は2に記載のロボット制御システム。
- 前記キャリブレーションは、物体の位置を検出する精度が前記可動式カメラよりも高い3Dスキャナ(70)を用いて行われ、
前記基準位置は、前記3Dスキャナを用いて予め登録されている、請求項4に記載のロボット制御システム。 - 前記ロボットは、前記複数の作業エリアのうちの1つの作業エリアにおいて前記対象物を掴み、他の作業エリアまで前記対象物を移動させて離す作業を行う、請求項1又は2に記載のロボット制御システム。
- 前記物体認識部は、前記複数の作業エリアのうちの1つの作業エリアにおいて前記対象物を掴む前に、前記基準位置と前記所定画像に基づき認識した前記基準物の位置とに基づいて、前記可動式カメラの位置の前記所定位置からのずれ量を算出し、前記ずれ量と前記所定画像とに基づいて前記対象物の位置を認識し、
前記ロボットは、前記物体認識部により認識された前記対象物の位置に基づいて、前記対象物を掴む作業を行う、請求項6に記載のロボット制御システム。 - 前記物体認識部は、前記複数の作業エリアのうちの1つの作業エリアにおいて前記対象物を掴んだ後に、前記基準位置と前記所定画像に基づき認識した前記基準物の位置とに基づいて、前記可動式カメラの位置の前記所定位置からのずれ量を算出し、前記ずれ量と前記所定画像とに基づいて前記対象物の位置を認識し、
前記ロボットは、前記物体認識部により認識された前記対象物の位置に基づいて、前記1つの作業エリアから他の作業エリアまで前記対象物を移動させて離す作業を行う、請求項6に記載のロボット制御システム。 - 前記基準物は、前記対象物の周囲に配置された非対称の多面体からなるブロックである、請求項1又は2に記載のロボット制御システム。
- 前記基準物は、前記対象物の周囲に存在する設備の一部である、請求項1又は2に記載のロボット制御システム。
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH05138582A (ja) * | 1991-11-14 | 1993-06-01 | A T R Tsushin Syst Kenkyusho:Kk | ロボツトによる物体操作のための能動的カメラ探索装置 |
| JP2004243187A (ja) * | 2003-02-12 | 2004-09-02 | Seiko Epson Corp | 液滴吐出装置、電気光学装置、電気光学装置の製造方法および電子機器 |
| JP2015170688A (ja) * | 2014-03-06 | 2015-09-28 | 株式会社ダイヘン | 基板損傷検出装置、その基板損傷検出装置を備えた基板搬送ロボット及び基板損傷検出方法 |
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| CN113015604B (zh) | 2018-12-11 | 2024-03-08 | 株式会社富士 | 机器人控制系统及机器人控制方法 |
| JP7363098B2 (ja) * | 2019-05-24 | 2023-10-18 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | ロボットの制御方法 |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH05138582A (ja) * | 1991-11-14 | 1993-06-01 | A T R Tsushin Syst Kenkyusho:Kk | ロボツトによる物体操作のための能動的カメラ探索装置 |
| JP2004243187A (ja) * | 2003-02-12 | 2004-09-02 | Seiko Epson Corp | 液滴吐出装置、電気光学装置、電気光学装置の製造方法および電子機器 |
| JP2015170688A (ja) * | 2014-03-06 | 2015-09-28 | 株式会社ダイヘン | 基板損傷検出装置、その基板損傷検出装置を備えた基板搬送ロボット及び基板損傷検出方法 |
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| See also references of EP4640381A1 |
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| US20250312925A1 (en) | 2025-10-09 |
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| JP2024090687A (ja) | 2024-07-04 |
| EP4640381A1 (en) | 2025-10-29 |
| CN120379799A (zh) | 2025-07-25 |
| JP7786362B2 (ja) | 2025-12-16 |
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