WO2022122289A1 - Tank device for storing a gaseous medium - Google Patents

Tank device for storing a gaseous medium Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022122289A1
WO2022122289A1 PCT/EP2021/081329 EP2021081329W WO2022122289A1 WO 2022122289 A1 WO2022122289 A1 WO 2022122289A1 EP 2021081329 W EP2021081329 W EP 2021081329W WO 2022122289 A1 WO2022122289 A1 WO 2022122289A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
valve
tank
tank device
shut
flow
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2021/081329
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Oliver Gerundt
Matthias Kuntz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of WO2022122289A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022122289A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/04—Arrangement or mounting of valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
    • F17C2201/0109—Shape cylindrical with exteriorly curved end-piece
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/05—Size
    • F17C2201/056—Small (<1 m3)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
    • F17C2203/0614—Single wall
    • F17C2203/0617—Single wall with one layer
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/01—Mounting arrangements
    • F17C2205/0123—Mounting arrangements characterised by number of vessels
    • F17C2205/013—Two or more vessels
    • F17C2205/0134—Two or more vessels characterised by the presence of fluid connection between vessels
    • F17C2205/0142—Two or more vessels characterised by the presence of fluid connection between vessels bundled in parallel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0323—Valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0323—Valves
    • F17C2205/0326—Valves electrically actuated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0323—Valves
    • F17C2205/0332—Safety valves or pressure relief valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/035—Flow reducers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0382—Constructional details of valves, regulators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0388—Arrangement of valves, regulators, filters
    • F17C2205/0391—Arrangement of valves, regulators, filters inside the pressure vessel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F17C2221/012—Hydrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0107—Single phase
    • F17C2223/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/036—Very high pressure (>80 bar)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/03—Control means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
    • F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
    • F17C2250/0439—Temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
    • F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
    • F17C2250/0482—Acceleration
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/04—Reducing risks and environmental impact
    • F17C2260/042—Reducing risk of explosion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/06—Fluid distribution
    • F17C2265/066—Fluid distribution for feeding engines for propulsion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0165—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road
    • F17C2270/0168—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road by vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0165—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road
    • F17C2270/0184—Fuel cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage

Definitions

  • Tank device for storing a gaseous medium
  • the invention relates to a tank device for storing a gaseous medium, in particular hydrogen.
  • the invention can also be used in vehicles with natural gas-based (“compressed natural gas”, CNG) internal combustion engines.
  • CNG compressed natural gas
  • the unpublished DE 10 2018 201 055 A1 describes a gas storage system with at least two storage units, which are in particular at least two tank containers, which allow the storage of a gaseous fuel, in particular hydrogen, methane or natural gas, under a relatively high internal pressure of, for example, up to up to 700 bar.
  • the storage units each have a control valve, by means of which the storage unit can be switched on or off.
  • the storage units are connected to one another and to an output line via a line system. In this case, the output line is connected, for example, to a consumer unit such as a fuel cell unit or an internal combustion engine.
  • Each storage unit must have a shut-off valve that can be shut off automatically. For example, in the event of an accident with the gas storage system or if a line breaks, the shut-off valve can close the storage unit so that no gas can escape from the respective storage unit.
  • a tank device according to the invention with the characterizing features of claim 1 has the advantage that the number of valves is reduced in a simple and efficient manner while simultaneously ensuring all safety measures in order to improve the functioning of the tank device in a cost-effective and space-optimized manner.
  • the respective valve is connected to a shut-off valve via a respective tank container line, the tank device having a shut-off valve overall and having at least two valves.
  • the valves are designed as flow-limiting valves or as impact valves.
  • the efficiency of the tank device can be optimized in a simple and cost-effective manner and the safety of the tank device can be increased.
  • the overall costs of the tank device can be reduced in this way, since a separate shut-off valve is no longer required for each tank container, but only a single shut-off valve for the entire tank device. Only one flow-limiting valve or impact valve is required for each tank container, with such a flow-limiting valve or impact valve being cheaper than a corresponding shut-off valve.
  • the flow-limiting valve has the components valve body, spring element and fixing ring.
  • the cost of the flow control valve can be reduced and the complexity of the flow control valve can be reduced, since only a few components are required to map the function of the flow control valve.
  • the reliability of the flow-limiting valve over the service life of the tank device can be increased due to the design with as few components as possible.
  • the valve is located at least almost completely in an internal annular collar in the neck area of the tank container. In this way, the valve is better protected against external mechanical loads, especially in the event of an accident involving the entire vehicle.
  • the valve is located at least almost completely in the neck area of the tank in the direction of a first and/or second longitudinal axis and is protected against mechanical and also thermal forces by a tank housing of the tank.
  • valve is non-positively connected to the inner annular collar of the tank container by means of the fixing ring, in particular by the outer diameter of the fixing ring forming a press fit with an inner diameter of the annular collar.
  • fixing ring in particular by the outer diameter of the fixing ring forming a press fit with an inner diameter of the annular collar.
  • the flow-limiting valve closes in such a way that the valve body moves in a closing direction V, with the closing direction V and a flow direction IV being at least almost the same, in particular their vectors.
  • the flow-limiting valve reliably closes, since in this case the gaseous medium, in particular hydrogen, is suddenly shut off escapes from the tank container and thus the volume flow of the gaseous medium emerging from the tank container, in particular hydrogen, increases very quickly.
  • the component valve body with the Flow is entrained and moves in the direction of flow, causing the flow control valve to close.
  • the shut-off valve which can be designed in particular as a magnetic shut-off valve, has a sensor, the sensor causing the shut-off valve to open or close, in particular by means of a controller and/or an actuator.
  • the sensor causing the shut-off valve to open or close, in particular by means of a controller and/or an actuator.
  • the gaseous medium in particular hydrogen
  • the tank containers can be prevented from bursting, in particular in order to prevent a risk of explosion on the tank and thus in the vehicle as a whole.
  • At least two tank container lines are connected to one feed line, in particular by the respective flow cross sections of the at least two tank containers merging into the respective flow cross section of the feed line.
  • the tank device described is preferably suitable in the fuel cell system for storing hydrogen for the operation of the fuel cell.
  • the tank device can be used in vehicles with a fuel cell drive.
  • the drawing shows exemplary embodiments of a tank device according to the invention for storing a gaseous medium, in particular hydrogen. It shows in
  • Fig. a schematic plan view of a tank device according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a top view of the tank device according to the invention with at least two tank containers and a surrounding frame-shaped housing element
  • FIG. 3 shows a section of a flow-limiting valve and a tank container, labeled II in FIG. 2, on an enlarged scale.
  • the tank device 1 is a schematic plan view of the tank device 1 according to the invention for a fuel cell system 31.
  • the tank device 1 has at least two tank containers 2 for storing hydrogen, which are essentially cylindrical and run with their axis of rotation at least almost parallel to a first one longitudinal axis 9.
  • the tank device 1 comprises a supply line 4 that can be connected to the tank containers 2 , each of the at least two tank containers 2 having at least one valve 5 at a first end 22 .
  • This valve 5 is arranged between the respective tank container 2, in particular the end 22, and the supply line 4, the tank container 2 being connected at least indirectly via the supply line 4 to a fuel cell 29 and/or the fuel cell system 31.
  • the respective valve 5 is connected via a respective tank line 6 is connected to a shut-off valve 8 .
  • the tank device 1 according to the invention has a total of only a single shut-off valve 8 and at least two valves 5 .
  • the respective valve 5 can be designed as a flow-limiting valve 5 or as an overflow valve 5 .
  • the shut-off valve 8 can be designed as a magnetic shut-off valve 8 in an exemplary embodiment of the tank device 1 .
  • the shut-off valve 8 can have a sensor 3, the sensor 3 opening or closing the shut-off valve by means of a controller and/or an actuator. In the event of an accident, the sensor 3 can thus detect smoke development or heat development or a deceleration movement, in particular in the form of an increased negative acceleration of the entire vehicle, and then cause the shut-off valve 8 to open, whereupon the gaseous medium is drained from the respective tank containers and via a drain valve that may be present in the fuel cell system 31, in particular an emergency drain valve, into the environment outside, in particular above the overall vehicle.
  • the gaseous medium flows from the respective tank container 2 in a flow direction III via the flow control valve 5 and the respective tank container line 6 into a single supply line 4. From there the gaseous medium flows further in the flow direction III via the Shut-off valve 8 into a connecting line 10 and from there on into the fuel cell 29.
  • the at least two tank container lines 6 are connected to a single supply line 4, with the respective flow cross sections, in particular line cross sections, of the at least two tank container lines 6 being in the one respective flow cross section pass over the supply line 4.
  • the tank device 2 shows the tank device 1 with the respective valves 5 , the valves 5 being designed as flow-limiting valves 5 or as impact valves 5 .
  • the overflow valves 5 are each arranged at the respective first end 22 of the respective tank container 2, so that in the event of an accident of the tank device 1 or in the event of a break in one of the tank container lines 6 and/or of the supply line 4 close the overflow valves 5 and the hydrogen cannot escape from the tank container 2.
  • the feed line 4 is connected to the flow-limiting valve 5 , with the flow-limiting valve 5 having the sensor 3 .
  • the gaseous medium flows in flow direction III from the respective tank container 2 via the respective tank container line 6 to the supply line 4 and from there to the flow-limiting valve 5.
  • FIG. 3 shows an excerpt of a power supply labeled II in FIG.
  • the tank container 2 has a tank housing 13 , the tank container 2 and/or the tank housing 13 being designed to be rotationally symmetrical about a second longitudinal axis 17 .
  • the first longitudinal axis 9 and the second longitudinal axis 17 run at least almost parallel.
  • the gaseous medium which is under a pressure p2, which is in particular in a range from 100 bar to 1000 bar, in one embodiment of the tank device 1 at 700 bar.
  • Fig. 3 also shows that the first end 22 of the respective tank container 2 has a conical taper and thus a typical bottle neck structure 15, in particular in the form of a neck area 15.
  • the flow-limiting valve 5 is located in this neck area 15
  • Flow-limiting valve 5 has the components valve body 7, spring element 11 and fixing ring 14.
  • the valve body 7 consists of a valve body cover 19 , a ram-shaped connecting element 23 and a flange-shaped base 21 , these elements running at least approximately rotationally symmetrically around the second longitudinal axis 17 .
  • the valve 5 is located at least almost completely in an internal annular collar 12 in the neck area 15 of the tank container 2.
  • the valve 5 is non-positively connected to the internal annular collar 12 of the tank container 2 by means of the fixing ring 14, in particular by the outer diameter of the fixing ring 14 forms an interference fit with an inner diameter 18 of the annular collar 12 .
  • the valve body cover 19 is located at least almost completely in an interior 16 of the tank container 2 and the flange-shaped foot 21 is located in an outer area 25 of the tank container 2, by means of which the tank container 2, for example can be connected to the supply line 4. In this area, there is a pressure pi that is equal to or lower than the pressure P2, at least as long as the entire vehicle is not being refueled.
  • the spring element 11 when the flow-limiting valve 5 is in an open state, the spring element 11 is maximally relaxed and presses the valve body 7 against a flow direction IV and/or a closing direction V toward the interior space 16 .
  • the spring element 11 is located in the direction of the second longitudinal axis 17 between the valve body cover 19 and the fixing ring 14 , the spring force pushing the valve body 7 , in particular the valve body cover 19 , away from the fixing ring 14 .
  • the gaseous medium can flow out of the tank container 2 through the neck area 15 past the annular collar 12, which can be embodied in particular as a constriction 12, and the valve body 7 in the flow direction IV into the outer area 25.
  • the valve 5 is held in an open position by the spring element 11 during normal operation of the fuel cell 29 .
  • the valve body 7 is carried along in the closing direction V by the gaseous medium flowing past the valve body cover 19 and comes into contact with the inner annular collar 12 in the area of an end face 20 and encapsulates the interior 16 of the tank container 2 against the outer area 25
  • the flow-limiting valve 5 thus closes reliably, since in this case the gaseous medium, in particular hydrogen, suddenly escapes from the tank container 2 and the volume flow of the gaseous medium, in particular hydrogen, escaping from the tank container 2 thus increases very quickly.
  • the component valve body 7 is carried along with the volume flow and moves in flow direction IV, as a result of which the flow-limiting valve 5 closes.
  • the closing direction V and the flow direction IV are at least almost the same, in particular their vectors.
  • the valve body 7 in the tank device 1 is streamlined and/or designed with a low flow resistance.

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Abstract

Disclosed is a tank device (1) for storing a gaseous medium, in particular hydrogen, comprising at least two tank containers (2) and a supply line (4) that can be connected to the tank containers (2), each of the at least two tank containers (2) being provided with at least one valve (5) at a first end (22), said valve (5) being located between the tank container (2) and the supply line (4), the tank containers (2) being at least indirectly connected, via the supply line (4), to a fuel cell (29) and/or a fuel cell system (31), in particular an anode circuit. According to the invention, each valve (5) is connected to a shut-off valve (8) via a respective tank container pipe (6), the tank device (1) having a total of one shut-off valve (8) and at least two valves (5). The valves (5) are flow control valves (5) or impact valves (5).

Description

Beschreibung description

Tankvorrichtung zur Speicherung eines gasförmigen Mediums Tank device for storing a gaseous medium

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Tankvorrichtung zur Speicherung eines gasförmigen Mediums, insbesondere Wasserstoff. The invention relates to a tank device for storing a gaseous medium, in particular hydrogen.

Weiterhin kann die Erfindung auch in Fahrzeugen mit erdgasbasierten („Compressed natural gas“, CNG) Verbrennungsmotoren eingesetzt werden. Furthermore, the invention can also be used in vehicles with natural gas-based (“compressed natural gas”, CNG) internal combustion engines.

Stand der Technik State of the art

Die nicht vorveröffentlichte DE 10 2018 201 055 Al beschreibt ein Gasspeichersystem mit mindestens zwei Speichereinheiten, bei denen es sich insbesondere um mindestens zwei Tankbehälter handelt, welche die Speicherung eines gasförmigen Brennstoffs, insbesondere Wasserstoff, Methan oder Erdgas, unter einem verhältnismäßig hohen Innendruck von beispielsweise bis zu 700 bar ermöglicht. Dabei weisen die Speichereinheiten jeweils ein Steuerventil auf, mittels welchem die Speichereinheit zugeschaltet oder abgeschaltet werden kann. Die Speichereinheiten sind über ein Leitungssystem miteinander und mit einer Ausgangsleitung verbunden. Die Ausgangsleitung ist dabei beispielsweise mit einer Verbrauchereinheit wie einer Brennstoffzelleneinheit oder einem Verbrennungsmotor verbunden. The unpublished DE 10 2018 201 055 A1 describes a gas storage system with at least two storage units, which are in particular at least two tank containers, which allow the storage of a gaseous fuel, in particular hydrogen, methane or natural gas, under a relatively high internal pressure of, for example, up to up to 700 bar. The storage units each have a control valve, by means of which the storage unit can be switched on or off. The storage units are connected to one another and to an output line via a line system. In this case, the output line is connected, for example, to a consumer unit such as a fuel cell unit or an internal combustion engine.

Die Sicherheitsvorrichtungen für solch eine Speichereinheit wie in DE 10 2018 201 055 Al sind normiert. Dabei muss jede Speichereinheit ein automatisch absperrbares Absperrventil aufweisen. So kann das Absperrventil beispielsweise bei einem Unfall mit dem Gasspeichersystem oder bei einem Bruch einer Leitung die Speichereinheit verschließen, so dass kein Gas aus der jeweiligen Speichereinheit austreten kann. The safety devices for such a storage unit as in DE 10 2018 201 055 A1 are standardized. Each storage unit must have a shut-off valve that can be shut off automatically. For example, in the event of an accident with the gas storage system or if a line breaks, the shut-off valve can close the storage unit so that no gas can escape from the respective storage unit.

Für diese Sicherheitsvorkehrungen ist eine Vielzahl von Ventilen, insbesondere Absperrventilen notwendig, da jede Speichereinheit ein eigenes Absperrventil benötigt, wodurch die Komplexität des gesamten Gasspeichersystems sowie dessen Kosten erhöht werden. Vorteile der Erfindung A large number of valves, in particular shut-off valves, are necessary for these safety precautions, since each storage unit requires its own shut-off valve, which increases the complexity of the entire gas storage system and its costs. Advantages of the Invention

Eine erfindungsgemäße Tankvorrichtung mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 weist demgegenüber den Vorteil auf, dass in einfacher und effizienter Weise und bei gleichzeitiger Gewährleistung aller Sicherheitsmaßnahmen die Anzahl der Ventile reduziert wird, um kostengünstig und bauraumoptimiert die Funktionsweise der Tankvorrichtung zu verbessern. A tank device according to the invention with the characterizing features of claim 1 has the advantage that the number of valves is reduced in a simple and efficient manner while simultaneously ensuring all safety measures in order to improve the functioning of the tank device in a cost-effective and space-optimized manner.

Dazu ist das jeweilige Ventil über eine jeweilige Tankbehälterleitung mit einem Absperrventil verbunden ist, wobei die Tankvorrichtung insgesamt ein Absperrventil aufweist und mindestens zwei Ventile aufweist. Dabei sind die Ventile als Strombegrenzungsventile oder als Stoßventile ausgebildet. So kann in einfacher und kostengünstiger Weise die Effizienz der Tankvorrichtung optimiert und die Sicherheit der Tankvorrichtung erhöht werden. Zudem lassen sich auf diese Weise die Gesamtkosten der Tankvorrichtung reduzierten, da nicht mehr für jeden Tankbehälter ein eigenes Absperrventil benötigt wird, sondern nur noch ein einzelnes Absperrventil für die gesamte Tankvorrichtung. Pro Tankbehälter wird nur noch jeweils ein Strombegrenzungsventil oder Stoßventil benötigt, wobei ein derartiges Strombegrenzungsventil oder Stoßventil günstiger als ein entsprechendes Absperrventil ist. For this purpose, the respective valve is connected to a shut-off valve via a respective tank container line, the tank device having a shut-off valve overall and having at least two valves. The valves are designed as flow-limiting valves or as impact valves. In this way, the efficiency of the tank device can be optimized in a simple and cost-effective manner and the safety of the tank device can be increased. In addition, the overall costs of the tank device can be reduced in this way, since a separate shut-off valve is no longer required for each tank container, but only a single shut-off valve for the entire tank device. Only one flow-limiting valve or impact valve is required for each tank container, with such a flow-limiting valve or impact valve being cheaper than a corresponding shut-off valve.

In erster vorteilhafter Weiterbildung ist es vorgesehen, dass das Strombegrenzungsventil die Bauteile Ventilkörper, Federelement und Fixier- Ring aufweist. Auf diese Weise können die Kosten des Strombegrenzungsventils verringert werden und die Komplexität des Strombegrenzungsventils verringert werden, da nur wenige Bauteile benötigt werden, um die Funktion des Strombegrenzungsventils abzubilden. Weiterhin kann die Zuverlässigkeit des Strombegrenzungsventils über die Lebensdauer der Tankvorrichtung aufgrund des Aufbaus mit möglichst wenigen Bauteilen erhöht werden. ln weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist es vorteilhaft vorgesehen, dass das Ventil zumindest nahezu vollständig in einem innenliegenden Ringbund in Halsbereich des Tankbehälters befindet. Auf diese Weise wird das Ventil besser gegen mechanische Belastungen von außen, insbesondere im Falle eines Unfalls des Gesamtfahrzeugs geschützt. Das Ventil befindet sich dabei in Richtung einer ersten und/oder zweiten Längsachse zumindest nahezu vollständig im Halsbereich des Tanks und ist durch ein Tankgehäuse des Tanks gegen mechanische und auch thermische Kraft geschützt. Somit kann bei einem Unfall des Gesamtfahrzeugs die Auftretenswahrscheinlichkeit eines Austretens des gasförmigen Medium, insbesondere Wasserstoff, reduziert werden und somit das Risiko eines Entzündens des austretenden Mediums, insbesondere Wasserstoff, reduziert werden, wodurch die Wahrscheinlichkeit der Beschädigung des Gesamtfahrzeugs reduziert werden kann. In a first advantageous development, it is provided that the flow-limiting valve has the components valve body, spring element and fixing ring. In this way, the cost of the flow control valve can be reduced and the complexity of the flow control valve can be reduced, since only a few components are required to map the function of the flow control valve. Furthermore, the reliability of the flow-limiting valve over the service life of the tank device can be increased due to the design with as few components as possible. In a further embodiment of the invention, it is advantageously provided that the valve is located at least almost completely in an internal annular collar in the neck area of the tank container. In this way, the valve is better protected against external mechanical loads, especially in the event of an accident involving the entire vehicle. The valve is located at least almost completely in the neck area of the tank in the direction of a first and/or second longitudinal axis and is protected against mechanical and also thermal forces by a tank housing of the tank. Thus, in the event of an accident involving the entire vehicle, the probability of the gaseous medium escaping, in particular hydrogen, can be reduced and the risk of the escaping medium, in particular hydrogen, igniting can thus be reduced, as a result of which the probability of damage to the entire vehicle can be reduced.

In vorteilhafter Weiterbildung ist es vorgesehen, dass das Ventil mittels des Fixier-Rings kraftschlüssig mit dem innenliegenden Ringbund des Tankbehälters verbunden ist, insbesondere indem der Außendurchmesser des Fixier-Rings mit einem Innendurchmesser des Ringbunds einen Pressverband ausbildet. Auf diese Weise kann sichergestellt werden, dass eine zuverlässige und kostengünstige Verbindung des Ventils mit dem Tankbehälter hergestellt werden kann. Weiterhin lassen sich die Montagekosten aufgrund der Verwendung einer kraftschlüssigen Verbindung reduzieren. In an advantageous development, it is provided that the valve is non-positively connected to the inner annular collar of the tank container by means of the fixing ring, in particular by the outer diameter of the fixing ring forming a press fit with an inner diameter of the annular collar. In this way it can be ensured that a reliable and cost-effective connection of the valve to the tank container can be established. Furthermore, the assembly costs can be reduced due to the use of a non-positive connection.

In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist es vorteilhaft vorgesehen, dass das Strombegrenzungsventil derart schließt, dass sich der Ventilkörper in einer Schließrichtung V bewegt, wobei die Schließrichtung V und eine Strömungsrichtung IV zumindest nahezu gleich sind, insbesondere ihre Vektoren. Auf diese Weise kann sichergestellt werden, dass im Falle eines Unfalls des Gesamtfahrzeugs, bei dem die Tankbehälterleitung und/oder eine Zuführleitung und/oder eine Verbindungsleitung beschädigt ist, das Strombegrenzungsventil zuverlässig schließt, da in diesem Fall das gasförmige Medium, insbesondere Wasserstoff, schlagartig aus dem Tankbehälter entweicht und sich somit der Volumenstrom des aus dem Tankbehälter austretenden gasförmigen Mediums, insbesondere Wasserstoffs, sehr schnell erhöht. Dabei wird das Bauteil Ventilkörper mit dem Volumenstrom mitgerissen und bewegt sich in Strömungsrichtung, wodurch das Strombegrenzungsventil schließt. In a further embodiment of the invention, it is advantageously provided that the flow-limiting valve closes in such a way that the valve body moves in a closing direction V, with the closing direction V and a flow direction IV being at least almost the same, in particular their vectors. In this way it can be ensured that in the event of an accident involving the entire vehicle, in which the tank container line and/or a supply line and/or a connecting line is damaged, the flow-limiting valve reliably closes, since in this case the gaseous medium, in particular hydrogen, is suddenly shut off escapes from the tank container and thus the volume flow of the gaseous medium emerging from the tank container, in particular hydrogen, increases very quickly. The component valve body with the Flow is entrained and moves in the direction of flow, causing the flow control valve to close.

In vorteilhafter Weiterbildung ist es vorgesehen, dass das Absperrventil, das insbesondere als ein Magnetabsperrventil ausgebildet sein kann, einen Sensor aufweist, wobei der Sensor insbesondere mittels einer Steuerung und/oder einer Ak- torik ein Öffnen oder Schließen des Absperrventils bewirkt. Auf diese Weise kann sichergestellt werden, dass bei einem Unfall des Gesamtfahrzeugs mit Rauchentwicklung oder Wärmeentwicklung dies vom Sensor detektiert wird und zu einem Öffnen des Magnetabsperrventils führt und somit sichergestellt werden kann, dass das gasförmige Medium, insbesondere Wasserstoff, aus den Tankbehältern abgelassen werden kann. Auf diese Weise kann ein Bersten der Tankbehälter verhindert werden, insbesondere um eine Explosionsgefahr am Tanks und somit im Gesamtfahrzeugs zu verhindern. In an advantageous development, it is provided that the shut-off valve, which can be designed in particular as a magnetic shut-off valve, has a sensor, the sensor causing the shut-off valve to open or close, in particular by means of a controller and/or an actuator. In this way it can be ensured that in the event of an accident of the entire vehicle with smoke development or heat development, this is detected by the sensor and leads to the magnetic shut-off valve opening and it can thus be ensured that the gaseous medium, in particular hydrogen, can be drained from the tank containers. In this way, the tank containers can be prevented from bursting, in particular in order to prevent a risk of explosion on the tank and thus in the vehicle as a whole.

In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist es vorteilhaft vorgesehen, dass mindestens zwei Tankbehälterleitungen mit der einen Zuführleitung verbunden sind, insbesondere indem die jeweiligen Strömungsquerschnitte der mindestens zwei Tankbehälter in den einen jeweiligen Strömungsquerschnitts der Zuführleitung übergeht. Auf diese Weise kann sichergestellt werden, dass möglichst wenig Reibungsverluste innerhalb des Übergangs von der Tankbehälterleitung in die Zuführleitung entstehen, so dass der Wirkungsgrad eines Brennstoffzellensystems erhöht werden kann, da es beim Transport des unter Druck stehenden Wasserstoff, insbesondere mit zumindest nahezu 700 bar im Tank, bis in einer Brennstoffzelle oder das Dosierventil, zumindest nahezu keine Druckverluste oder Volumenstromverluste aufgrund einer erhöhten Reibung des Wasserstoffs mit dem Leitungssystem entstehen. In a further embodiment of the invention, it is advantageously provided that at least two tank container lines are connected to one feed line, in particular by the respective flow cross sections of the at least two tank containers merging into the respective flow cross section of the feed line. In this way it can be ensured that as few friction losses as possible occur within the transition from the tank container line to the supply line, so that the efficiency of a fuel cell system can be increased, since during transport of the pressurized hydrogen, in particular with at least almost 700 bar in the tank , until in a fuel cell or the metering valve, at least almost no pressure losses or volume flow losses arise due to increased friction of the hydrogen with the line system.

Die beschriebene Tankvorrichtung eignet sich vorzugsweise in dem Brennstoffzellensystem zur Speicherung von Wasserstoff für den Betrieb der Brennstoffzelle. The tank device described is preferably suitable in the fuel cell system for storing hydrogen for the operation of the fuel cell.

In vorteilhaften Verwendungen kann die Tankvorrichtung in Fahrzeugen mit einem Brennstoffzellenantrieb verwendet werden. Zeichnungen In advantageous uses, the tank device can be used in vehicles with a fuel cell drive. drawings

In der Zeichnung sind Ausführungsbeispiele einer erfindungsgemäßen Tankvorrichtung zur Speicherung eines gasförmigen Mediums, insbesondere Wasserstoff, dargestellt. Es zeigt in The drawing shows exemplary embodiments of a tank device according to the invention for storing a gaseous medium, in particular hydrogen. It shows in

Fig. leine schematische Draufsicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Tankvorrichtung, Fig. a schematic plan view of a tank device according to the invention,

Fig. 2eine Draufsicht der erfindungsgemäßen Tankvorrichtung mit mindestens zwei Tankbehältern und einem umgebenden rahmenförmigen Gehäuseelement, 2 shows a top view of the tank device according to the invention with at least two tank containers and a surrounding frame-shaped housing element,

Fig. 3 einen in Figur 2 mit II bezeichneten Ausschnitt eines Strombegrenzungsventils und eines Tankbehälters in vergrößerter Darstellung. 3 shows a section of a flow-limiting valve and a tank container, labeled II in FIG. 2, on an enlarged scale.

Beschreibung der Ausführungsbeispiele Description of the exemplary embodiments

Die Darstellung gemäß Fig. 1 ist eine schematische Draufsicht der erfindungsgemäßen Tankvorrichtung 1 für ein Brennstoffzellensystem 31. Die Tankvorrichtung 1 weist dabei mindestens zwei Tankbehälter 2 zur Speicherung von Wasserstoff auf, welche im Wesentlichen zylinderförmig ausgebildet und verlaufen mit Ihrer Rotationsachse zumindest nahezu parallel zu einer ersten Längsachse 9. 1 is a schematic plan view of the tank device 1 according to the invention for a fuel cell system 31. The tank device 1 has at least two tank containers 2 for storing hydrogen, which are essentially cylindrical and run with their axis of rotation at least almost parallel to a first one longitudinal axis 9.

Weiterhin ist in Fig. 1 gezeigt, dass die Tankvorrichtung 1 eine mit den Tankbehältern 2 verbindbare Zuführleitung 4 umfasst, wobei jeder der mindestens zwei Tankbehälter 2 an einem ersten Ende 22 mindestens ein Ventil 5 aufweist. Dieses Ventil 5 ist zwischen dem jeweiligen Tankbehälter 2, insbesondere dem Ende 22, und der Zufuhrleitung 4 angeordnet, wobei die Tankbehälter 2 zumindest mittelbar über die Zuführleitung 4 mit einer Brennstoffzelle 29 und/oder dem Brennstoffzellensystem 31. Dabei ist das jeweilige Ventil 5 über eine jeweilige Tankbehälterleitung 6 mit einem Absperrventil 8 verbunden. Wie in der Fig. 1 dargestellt, weist die erfindungsgemäße Tankvorrichtung 1 insgesamt nur ein einzelnes Absperrventil 8 und mindestens zwei Ventile 5 auf. Dabei kann das jeweilige Ventil 5 als ein Strombegrenzungsventil 5 oder als ein Überströmventil 5 ausgeführt sein. Weiterhin kann das Absperrventil 8 in einer beispielhaften Ausführungsform der Tankvorrichtung 1 als ein Magnetabsperrventil 8 ausgebildet sein. Zudem kann das Absperrventil 8 einen Sensor 3 aufweisen, wobei der Sensor 3 mittels einer Steuerung und/oder einer Aktorik ein Öffnen oder Schließen des Absperrventils bewirkt. Im Falle eines Unfalls kann der Sensor 3 somit eine Rauchentwicklung oder eine Wärmeentwicklung oder eine Verzögerungsbewegung, insbesondere in Form von einer erhöhten negativen Beschleunigung des Gesamtfahrzeugs, erfassen und daraufhin eine Öffnen des Absperrventils 8 bewirken, woraufhin das gasförmige Medium aus den jeweiligen Tankbehältern abgelassen wird und über ein möglicherweise im Brennstoffzellensystem 31 vorhandenes Ablassventil, insbesondere ein Notablassventil, in die Umgebung außerhalb, insbesondere oberhalb des Gesamtfahrzeugs abgelassen werden kann. 1 also shows that the tank device 1 comprises a supply line 4 that can be connected to the tank containers 2 , each of the at least two tank containers 2 having at least one valve 5 at a first end 22 . This valve 5 is arranged between the respective tank container 2, in particular the end 22, and the supply line 4, the tank container 2 being connected at least indirectly via the supply line 4 to a fuel cell 29 and/or the fuel cell system 31. The respective valve 5 is connected via a respective tank line 6 is connected to a shut-off valve 8 . As shown in FIG. 1, the tank device 1 according to the invention has a total of only a single shut-off valve 8 and at least two valves 5 . The respective valve 5 can be designed as a flow-limiting valve 5 or as an overflow valve 5 . Furthermore, the shut-off valve 8 can be designed as a magnetic shut-off valve 8 in an exemplary embodiment of the tank device 1 . In addition, the shut-off valve 8 can have a sensor 3, the sensor 3 opening or closing the shut-off valve by means of a controller and/or an actuator. In the event of an accident, the sensor 3 can thus detect smoke development or heat development or a deceleration movement, in particular in the form of an increased negative acceleration of the entire vehicle, and then cause the shut-off valve 8 to open, whereupon the gaseous medium is drained from the respective tank containers and via a drain valve that may be present in the fuel cell system 31, in particular an emergency drain valve, into the environment outside, in particular above the overall vehicle.

Des Weiteren ist in Fig. 1 dargestellt, dass das gasförmige Medium von dem jeweiligen Tankbehälter 2 in einer Strömungsrichtung III über das Strombegrenzungsventil 5 und die jeweilige Tankbehälterleitung 6 in eine einzelne Zuführleitung 4. Von dort strömt das gasförmige Medium in der Strömungsrichtung III weiter über das Absperrventil 8 in eine Verbindungsleitung 10 und von dort weiter in die Brennstoffzelle 29. Erfindungsgemäß sind dabei sind die mindestens zwei Tankbehälterleitungen 6 mit einer einzelnen Zuführleitung 4 verbunden sind, wobei die jeweiligen Strömungsquerschnitte, insbesondere Leitungsquerschnitte, der mindestens zwei Tankbehälterleitungen 6 in den einen jeweiligen Strömungsquerschnitts der Zuführleitung 4 übergehen. Furthermore, it is shown in Fig. 1 that the gaseous medium flows from the respective tank container 2 in a flow direction III via the flow control valve 5 and the respective tank container line 6 into a single supply line 4. From there the gaseous medium flows further in the flow direction III via the Shut-off valve 8 into a connecting line 10 and from there on into the fuel cell 29. According to the invention, the at least two tank container lines 6 are connected to a single supply line 4, with the respective flow cross sections, in particular line cross sections, of the at least two tank container lines 6 being in the one respective flow cross section pass over the supply line 4.

In Fig. 2 ist die Tankvorrichtung 1 mit den jeweiligen Ventilen 5 gezeigt, wobei die Ventile 5 als Strombegrenzungsventile 5 oder als Stoßventile 5 ausgebildet sind. Die Überströmventile 5 sind jeweils an dem jeweiligen ersten Ende 22 des jeweiligen Tankbehälters 2 angeordnet, so dass im Falle eines Unfalls der Tankvorrichtung 1 oder bei einem Bruch einer der Tankbehälterleitungen 6 und/oder der Zuführleitung 4 die Überströmventile 5 schließen und das Wasserstoff nicht aus dem Tankbehälter 2 austreten kann. Weiterhin ist gezeigt, dass die Zuführleitung 4 mit dem Strombegrenzungsventil 5 verbunden ist, wobei das Strombegrenzungsventil 5 den Sensor 3 aufweist. Das gasförmige Medium strömt in der Strömungsrichtung III vom jeweiligen Tankbehälter 2 über die jeweilige Tankbehälterleitung 6 zur Zuführleitung 4 und von dort zum Strombegrenzungsventil 5. 2 shows the tank device 1 with the respective valves 5 , the valves 5 being designed as flow-limiting valves 5 or as impact valves 5 . The overflow valves 5 are each arranged at the respective first end 22 of the respective tank container 2, so that in the event of an accident of the tank device 1 or in the event of a break in one of the tank container lines 6 and/or of the supply line 4 close the overflow valves 5 and the hydrogen cannot escape from the tank container 2. It is also shown that the feed line 4 is connected to the flow-limiting valve 5 , with the flow-limiting valve 5 having the sensor 3 . The gaseous medium flows in flow direction III from the respective tank container 2 via the respective tank container line 6 to the supply line 4 and from there to the flow-limiting valve 5.

Fig. 3 zeigt einen in Figur 2 mit II bezeichneten Ausschnitt eines Strom-FIG. 3 shows an excerpt of a power supply labeled II in FIG.

Begrenzungsventils 5 und eines Tankbehälters 2 in vergrößerter Darstellung. Limiting valve 5 and a tank container 2 in an enlarged view.

Dabei ist gezeigt, dass der Tankbehälter 2 ein Tankgehäuse 13 aufweist, wobei der Tankbehälter 2 und/oder das Tankgehäuse 13 rotationssymmetrisch um eine zweite Längsachse 17 ausgeführt ist. Die erste Längsachse 9 und die zweite Längsachse 17 verlaufen dabei zumindest nahezu parallel. Innerhalb des Tankbehältergehäuses 13 befindet sich das gasförmige Medium, das unter einem Druck p2 steht, der insbesondere in einem Bereich 100 bar bis 1000 bar liegt, in einem Ausführungsbeispiel der Tankvorrichtung 1 bei 700 bar. It is shown here that the tank container 2 has a tank housing 13 , the tank container 2 and/or the tank housing 13 being designed to be rotationally symmetrical about a second longitudinal axis 17 . The first longitudinal axis 9 and the second longitudinal axis 17 run at least almost parallel. Inside the tank container housing 13 is the gaseous medium, which is under a pressure p2, which is in particular in a range from 100 bar to 1000 bar, in one embodiment of the tank device 1 at 700 bar.

In Fig. 3 ist weiterhin gezeigt, dass das erste Ende 22 des jeweiligen Tankbehälters 2 weisen eine konische Verjüngung und somit eine typische Flaschenhalsstruktur 15 auf, insbesondere in Form eines Halsbereichs 15. In diesem Halsbereich 15 befindet sich dabei das Strombegrenzungsventil 5. Dabei weist das Strombegrenzungsventil 5 die Bauteile Ventilkörper 7, Federelement 11 und Fixier-Ring 14 auf. Der Ventilkörper 7 besteht aus einem Ventilkörperdeckel 19, einem stempelförmigen Verbindungselement 23 und einem flanschförmigen Fuß 21, wobei diese Elemente zumindest nahezu rotationssymmetrisch um die zweite Längsachse 17 verlaufen. Das Ventil 5 befindet sich dabei zumindest nahezu vollständig in einem innenliegenden Ringbund 12 im Halsbereich 15 des Tankbehälters 2. Das Ventil 5 ist mittels des Fixier- Rings 14 kraftschlüssig mit dem innenliegenden Ringbund 12 des Tankbehälters 2 verbunden, insbesondere indem der Außendurchmesser des Fixier-Rings 14 mit einem Innendurchmesser 18 des Ringbunds 12 einen Pressverband ausbildet. Der Ventilkörperdeckel 19 befindet sich dabei zumindest nahezu vollständig in einem Innenraum 16 des Tankbehälters 2 und der flanschförmige Fuß 21 befindet sich in einem außenliegenden Bereich 25 des Tankbehälters 2, mittels dessen der Tankbehälter 2 beispielsweise mit der Zuführleitung 4 verbunden sein kann. In diesem Bereich herrscht ein Druck pi, der gleich oder geringer als der Druck P2 ist, zumindest solange ein Tankvorgang des Gesamtfahrzeugs nicht stattfindet. Fig. 3 also shows that the first end 22 of the respective tank container 2 has a conical taper and thus a typical bottle neck structure 15, in particular in the form of a neck area 15. The flow-limiting valve 5 is located in this neck area 15 Flow-limiting valve 5 has the components valve body 7, spring element 11 and fixing ring 14. The valve body 7 consists of a valve body cover 19 , a ram-shaped connecting element 23 and a flange-shaped base 21 , these elements running at least approximately rotationally symmetrically around the second longitudinal axis 17 . The valve 5 is located at least almost completely in an internal annular collar 12 in the neck area 15 of the tank container 2. The valve 5 is non-positively connected to the internal annular collar 12 of the tank container 2 by means of the fixing ring 14, in particular by the outer diameter of the fixing ring 14 forms an interference fit with an inner diameter 18 of the annular collar 12 . The valve body cover 19 is located at least almost completely in an interior 16 of the tank container 2 and the flange-shaped foot 21 is located in an outer area 25 of the tank container 2, by means of which the tank container 2, for example can be connected to the supply line 4. In this area, there is a pressure pi that is equal to or lower than the pressure P2, at least as long as the entire vehicle is not being refueled.

Fig. 3 zeigt, dass bei einem geöffneten Zustand des Strombegrenzungsventils 5 ist das Federelement 11 maximal entspannt und drückt den Ventilkörper 7 entgegen einer Strömungsrichtung IV und/oder einer Schließrichtung V zum Innenraum 16 hin. Dabei befindet sich das Federelement 11 in Richtung der zweiten Längsachse 17 zwischen dem Ventilkörperdeckel 19 und dem Fixier- ing 14, wobei die Federkraft den Ventilkörper 7, insbesondere den Ventilkörperdeckel 19 vom Fixier-Ring 14 wegdruckt. In diesem geöffneten Zustand des Strombegrenzungsventils 5 kann das gasförmige Medium aus dem Tankbehälter 2 durch den Halsbereich 15 vorbei an dem Ringbund 12, der insbesondere als eine Einschnürung 12 ausgeführt sein kann, und dem Ventilkörper 7 in der Strömungsrichtung IV in den außenliegenden Bereich 25 strömen. 3 shows that when the flow-limiting valve 5 is in an open state, the spring element 11 is maximally relaxed and presses the valve body 7 against a flow direction IV and/or a closing direction V toward the interior space 16 . The spring element 11 is located in the direction of the second longitudinal axis 17 between the valve body cover 19 and the fixing ring 14 , the spring force pushing the valve body 7 , in particular the valve body cover 19 , away from the fixing ring 14 . In this open state of the flow-limiting valve 5, the gaseous medium can flow out of the tank container 2 through the neck area 15 past the annular collar 12, which can be embodied in particular as a constriction 12, and the valve body 7 in the flow direction IV into the outer area 25.

Dabei wird das Ventil 5 bei dem im normalen Betrieb der Brennstoffzelle 29 durch das Federelement 11 in einer geöffneten Position gehalten. Sobald sich jedoch der Volumenstrom schlagartig vergrößert, beispielsweise im Falle einer beschädigten, insbesondere bei einem Unfall des Gesamtfahrzeugs, bei dem die Tankbehälterleitung 6 und/oder die Zuführleitung 4 und/oder die Verbindungsleitung 10 beschädigt ist, und das unter hohen Druck stehende gasförmige Medium durch diese Beschädigung in die Umgebung strömt, wird der Ventilkörper 7 durch das am Ventilkörperdeckel 19 vorbeiströmende gasförmige Medium in Schließrichtung V mitgerissen und komme mit dem innenliegenden Ringbund 12 im Bereich einer Stirnfläche 20 in Anlage und kapselt den Innenraum 16 des Tankbehälters 2 gegen den außenliegenden Bereich 25. Somit schließt das Strombegrenzungsventil 5 zuverlässig, da in diesem Fall das gasförmige Medium, insbesondere Wasserstoff, schlagartig aus dem Tankbehälter 2 entweicht und sich somit der Volumenstrom des aus dem Tankbehälter 2 austretenden gasförmigen Mediums, insbesondere Wasserstoffs, sehr schnell erhöht. Dabei wird das Bauteil Ventilkörper 7 mit dem Volumenstrom mitgerissen und bewegt sich in Strömungsrichtung IV, wodurch das Strombegrenzungsventil 5 schließt. Dabei sind die Schließrichtung V und die Strömungsrichtung IV zumindest nahezu gleich sind, insbesondere ihre Vektoren. In einer beispielhaften Ausführungsform der Tankvorrichtung 1 ist dabei der Ventilkörper 7 strömungsgünstig und/oder mit einem geringen Strömungswiderstand ausgelegt. The valve 5 is held in an open position by the spring element 11 during normal operation of the fuel cell 29 . However, as soon as the volume flow suddenly increases, for example in the event of a damaged vehicle, in particular in the event of an accident in which the tank container line 6 and/or the supply line 4 and/or the connecting line 10 is damaged, and the gaseous medium under high pressure passes through If this damage flows into the environment, the valve body 7 is carried along in the closing direction V by the gaseous medium flowing past the valve body cover 19 and comes into contact with the inner annular collar 12 in the area of an end face 20 and encapsulates the interior 16 of the tank container 2 against the outer area 25 The flow-limiting valve 5 thus closes reliably, since in this case the gaseous medium, in particular hydrogen, suddenly escapes from the tank container 2 and the volume flow of the gaseous medium, in particular hydrogen, escaping from the tank container 2 thus increases very quickly. The component valve body 7 is carried along with the volume flow and moves in flow direction IV, as a result of which the flow-limiting valve 5 closes. The closing direction V and the flow direction IV are at least almost the same, in particular their vectors. In an exemplary embodiment of the The valve body 7 in the tank device 1 is streamlined and/or designed with a low flow resistance.

Claims

Ansprüche Expectations 1. Tankvorrichtung (1) zur Speicherung eines gasförmigen Mediums, insbesondere Wasserstoff, mit mindestens zwei Tankbehältern (2) und einer mit den Tankbehältern (2) verbindbaren Zuführleitung (4), wobei jeder der mindestens zwei Tankbehälter (2) an einem ersten Ende (22) mindestens ein Ventil (5) aufweist, welches Ventil (5) zwischen dem jeweiligen Tankbehälter (2) und der Zufuhrleitung (4) angeordnet ist, wobei die Tankbehälter (2) zumindest mittelbar über die Zuführleitung (4) mit einer Brennstoffzelle (29) und/oder einem Brennstoffzellensystem (31), insbesondere einem Anodenkreislauf, verbunden sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das jeweilige Ventil (5) über eine jeweilige Tankbehälterleitung (6) mit einem Absperrventil (8) verbunden ist, wobei die Tankvorrichtung (1) insgesamt ein Absperrventil (8) aufweist und mindestens zwei Ventile (5) aufweist, wobei die Ventile (5) als Strombegrenzungsventile (5) oder als Stoßventile (5) ausgebildet sind. 1. Tank device (1) for storing a gaseous medium, in particular hydrogen, with at least two tank containers (2) and a supply line (4) that can be connected to the tank containers (2), wherein each of the at least two tank containers (2) has a first end ( 22) has at least one valve (5), which valve (5) is arranged between the respective tank container (2) and the supply line (4), the tank containers (2) being connected at least indirectly via the supply line (4) to a fuel cell (29 ) and/or a fuel cell system (31), in particular an anode circuit, characterized in that the respective valve (5) is connected to a shut-off valve (8) via a respective tank container line (6), the tank device (1) as a whole has a shut-off valve (8) and has at least two valves (5), the valves (5) being designed as flow-limiting valves (5) or as impact valves (5). 2. Tankvorrichtung (1) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Strombegrenzungsventil (5) die Bauteile Ventilkörper (7), Federelement (11) und Fixier- Ring (14) aufweist. 2. Tank device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the flow-limiting valve (5) has the components valve body (7), spring element (11) and fixing ring (14). 3. Tankvorrichtung (1) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Ventil (5) zumindest nahezu vollständig in einem innenliegenden Ringbund (12) in einem Halsbereich (15) des Tankbehälters (2) befindet. 3. Tank device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the valve (5) is located at least almost completely in an internal annular collar (12) in a neck area (15) of the tank container (2). 4. Tankvorrichtung (1) nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Ventil mittels eines Fixier-Rings (14) kraftschlüssig mit dem innenliegenden Ringbund (12) des Tankbehälters (2) verbunden ist, insbesondere indem der Außendurchmesser des Fixier-Rings (14) mit einem Innendurchmesser (18) des Ringbunds (12) einen Pressverband ausbildet. 4. Tank device (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that the valve is non-positively connected to the inner annular collar (12) of the tank container (2) by means of a fixing ring (14), in particular in that the outer diameter of the fixing ring (14 ) forms an interference fit with an inner diameter (18) of the annular collar (12). 5. Tankvorrichtung (1) nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Strombegrenzungsventil (5) derart schließt, dass sich der Ventilkörper (7) in einer Schließrichtung V bewegt, wobei die Schließrichtung V und eine Strömungsrichtung IV zumindest nahezu gleich sind, insbesondere ihre Vektoren. 5. Tank device (1) according to Claim 2, characterized in that the flow-limiting valve (5) closes in such a way that the valve body (7) moves in a closing direction V, the closing direction V and a flow direction IV being at least almost the same, in particular theirs vectors. 6. Tankvorrichtung (1) nach einem der vorrangegangenen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Absperrventil (8), das insbesondere als ein Magnetabsperrventil (8) ausgebildet sein kann, einen Sensor (3) aufweist, wobei der Sensor (3) insbesondere mittels einer Steuerung und/oder einer Aktorik ein Öffnen oder Schließen des Absperrventils bewirkt. 6. Tank device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the shut-off valve (8), which can be designed in particular as a magnetic shut-off valve (8), has a sensor (3), the sensor (3) in particular by means of a Control and / or an actuator causes opening or closing of the shut-off valve. 7. Tankvorrichtung (1) nach einem der vorrangegangenen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mindestens zwei Tankbehälterleitungen (6) mit der einen Zuführleitung (4) verbunden sind, insbesondere indem die jeweiligen7. Tank device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least two tank container lines (6) are connected to a supply line (4), in particular by the respective Strömungsquerschnitte der mindestens zwei Tankbehälterleitungen (6) in den einen jeweiligen Strömungsquerschnitts der Zuführleitung (4) übergehen. Flow cross sections of the at least two tank container lines (6) merge into the respective flow cross section of the supply line (4). 8. Brennstoffzellensystem (31) mit einer Tankvorrichtung (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche. 8. fuel cell system (31) with a tank device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims. 9. Brennstoffzellenbetriebenes Fahrzeug mit einer Tankvorrichtung (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7. 9. Fuel cell-powered vehicle with a tank device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
PCT/EP2021/081329 2020-12-11 2021-11-11 Tank device for storing a gaseous medium Ceased WO2022122289A1 (en)

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