WO2014126204A1 - Air battery - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided is an air battery having air as the positive electrode active material and a specific material as the negative electrode active material. The air battery is characterized by being provided with the following: a negative electrode member configured using the specific material and so as to have a card shape, a granular shape, or a coin shape; a positive electrode that is disposed at a position that is in contact with or can be electrically conductive with the negative electrode member, and that oxidizes the negative electrode member; and a holding member for exchangeably holding the negative electrode member at a position that is in contact with or can be electrically conductive with the positive electrode.

Description

Air battery Cross-reference of related applications

This international application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2013-27936 filed with the Japan Patent Office on February 15, 2013. All of Japanese Patent Application No. 2013-27936 The contents are incorporated into this international application.

The present invention relates to an air battery using air as a positive electrode active material and a specific material as a negative electrode active material.

Conventionally, various air batteries that generate electricity by utilizing an oxidation reaction of a negative electrode active material such as metal have been proposed. For example, when magnesium is used as the negative electrode active material, it is said that there is 1800 trillion tons of magnesium in seawater, so that an inexpensive air battery can be stably supplied. Here, when magnesium is used as the negative electrode active material, there is a problem that its surface is easily oxidized, but the above problem is solved by configuring the magnesium in a band shape and winding it around a reel and holding it in a cassette tape shape. It has been proposed to solve this problem (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

Japanese Patent No. 5034014

However, Patent Document 1 only describes that magnesium is wound around a reel and does not describe a specific configuration such as how to drive the reel. For this reason, the technique described in Patent Document 1 has room for further improvement, such as the realization of a power generation amount adjustment mechanism. In one aspect of the present invention, it is desirable to provide an air battery having a novel configuration different from that of Patent Document 1.

1st aspect of this invention is an air battery which uses air as a positive electrode active material and uses a specific material as a negative electrode active material, Comprising: The negative electrode member comprised by the said specific material in the shape of a card | curd, granule, or coin, and the said negative electrode A positive electrode that is disposed at a position that is electrically conductive with the member and that oxidizes the negative electrode member; and a holding member that replaceably holds the negative electrode member at a position that is electrically conductive with the positive electrode. It is characterized by having prepared.

In the air battery of the first aspect configured as described above, the negative electrode member configured in a card shape, a granular shape, or a coin shape with a specific substance is held by the holding member at a position where it can be electrically connected to the positive electrode. Then, a positive electrode is arrange | positioned in the position which can be electrically connected with the negative electrode member hold | maintained at the said holding member, and oxidizes the said negative electrode member and generates electric power. The holding member holds the negative electrode member in a replaceable manner. For this reason, when the power generation capacity is reduced due to oxidation or the like of the negative electrode member, the power generation capacity is recovered if the negative electrode member held by the holding member is replaced.

A second aspect of the present invention is an air battery using air as a positive electrode active material and a specific material as a negative electrode active material, the negative electrode member formed of the specific material, and a part of the negative electrode member as A positive electrode that is disposed at a position that can be electrically connected to the oxidation site, and that oxidizes the oxidation site; and an oxidation site changing member that changes the oxidation site in the negative electrode member to another portion of the negative electrode member. It is characterized by that.

In the air battery of the second aspect configured as described above, the positive electrode is disposed at a position where it can be electrically connected to the oxidation site as a part of the negative electrode member configured by the specific substance, and the oxidation site is oxidized. To generate electricity. When the power generation capacity is reduced due to oxidation or the like of the oxidation part, the power generation capacity is recovered if the oxidation part in the negative electrode member is changed to another part of the negative electrode member by the oxidation part changing member.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the air battery according to the first aspect or the second aspect, the positive electrode is in contact with the negative electrode member with an electrolyte layer interposed therebetween, and is provided integrally with the electrolyte layer. Yes. In that case, hydroxide ions or oxygen ions move from the positive electrode to the negative electrode member through the electrolyte layer, and power generation can be performed stably.

Next, an air battery as an embodiment of the present invention will be described with an example.

It is a perspective view showing the structure of the mobile phone of 1st Embodiment to which this invention is applied. It is a perspective view showing the state which opened the cover of the mobile phone. It is sectional drawing which represents typically the internal structure of the mobile telephone. It is a perspective view showing the structure of the air battery of 2nd Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the air battery of 3rd Embodiment. It is a flowchart showing an example of the process in the air battery. It is a flowchart showing the other example of the said process. It is a flowchart showing the further another example of the said process. It is a flowchart showing the further another example of the said process. It is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the air battery of 4th Embodiment. It is a perspective view showing the structure of the air battery of 5th Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the air battery of 6th Embodiment. It is a flowchart showing an example of the process in the air battery. It is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the air battery of 7th Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram showing the example of attachment of the air battery. It is a schematic diagram which represents roughly the mounting position of the air battery. It is a flowchart showing an example of the process in the air battery. It is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the air battery of 8th Embodiment. It is a flowchart showing an example of the process in the air battery. It is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the modification of the air battery. It is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the air battery of 9th Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the air battery of 10th Embodiment.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Mobile phone 3 ... Housing 7 ... Cover 11 ... Negative electrode 12 ... Rubber packing 15 ... Electrolyte layer 16 ... Positive electrode 20 ... Laminate 50 ... Magnesium plate 201,301,401,501,601,701,801,901,1001 ... Air battery 205 ... Pipe 250 ... Magnetic sphere 261 ... Pipeline 263, 265 ... Roller 305 ... Cassette 350 ... Magnetic band 351, 352 ... Reel 353 ... Guide 370 ... Motor 371 ... Laser irradiation unit 372 ... Control unit 373 ... Detection unit 470: Handle 505, 957 ... Spring 507 ... Weight 550 ... Magnesium bar 551 ... Stand 671 ... Lens 677, 777 ... Shutter 678 ... Light receiving amount sensor 771, 772 ... Condensing mirror 795 ... Open / close valve 797 ... Engine 7 98 ... Rake 830 ... other power 899 ... switching unit 905 ... arm 950 ... magnesium mass

[First Embodiment]
(1) Configuration of First Embodiment Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a mobile phone 1 to which an air battery of the present invention is applied. As shown in FIG. 1, the housing 3 of the mobile phone 1 has a configuration in which a main body 5 provided with an operation panel or the like (not shown) and a cover 7 (so-called battery cover) are connected via a hinge 9. Have

As shown in FIG. 2, when the cover 7 is opened, the magnesium plate 50 is attached to the surface of the negative electrode 11 exposed on the inner side surface 7A of the cover 7 (the surface that overlaps the main body 5 when the cover 7 is closed). It becomes possible. The negative electrode 11 is composed of a highly conductive metal plate such as a copper plate. The magnesium plate 50 is formed in a rectangular card shape (flat plate shape) from magnesium. In addition, when the cover 7 is closed, the magnesium plate 50 contacts the electrolyte layer 15 exposed on the inner side surface 5A of the main body 5 (the surface on the side overlapping the cover 7 when the cover 7 is closed).

FIG. 3A is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the internal structure of the mobile phone 1 in a state where the magnesium plate 50 is attached to the cover 7 and the cover 7 is closed, along a cross section passing through the negative electrode 11. FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the internal structure of the mobile phone 1 with the magnesium plate 50 attached to the cover 7 and the cover 7 being opened, along a cross section passing through the negative electrode 11. As shown in FIGS. 2, 3A, and 3B, the inner surface 7A of the cover 7 is recessed at the portion where the negative electrode 11 is provided, and a magnesium plate 50 is provided around the negative electrode 11 (side wall of the recess). A rubber packing 12 is provided that presses from the periphery (that is, the side surface) and is fixed to the surface of the negative electrode 11.

The electrolyte layer 15 is formed in a rectangular plate shape having the same planar shape as the magnesium plate 50 by a porous separator holding a gel-like or liquid electrolyte. Further, the surface of the electrolyte layer 15 on the main body 5 side (opposite side of the negative electrode 11) faces the outer surface of the main body 5 (surface on the side opposite to the side that overlaps the cover 7 when the cover 7 is closed). The positive electrode 16 and the filter 17 having the same planar shape are sequentially laminated. The filter 17 is a porous material made of a material having relatively low thermal conductivity so that heat generated by an oxidation reaction of the magnesium plate 50 to be described later is not directly transmitted to the user. The positive electrode 16 is made of a metal plate (a plate made of a metal having a lower ionization tendency than hydrogen, such as a copper plate, a silver plate, or a platinum plate). The metal plate constituting the positive electrode 16 is configured in a net shape, a porous shape, or a shape having irregularities on the filter 17 side so that oxygen in the air can be easily taken in through the filter 17.

(2) Effect of First Embodiment For this reason, when the cover 7 is closed and the negative electrode 11, the magnesium plate 50, the electrolyte layer 15, and the positive electrode 16 are sequentially laminated, the negative electrode 11 and the positive electrode 16 are shown below. Such a reaction occurs, and a current flows from the positive electrode 16 toward the negative electrode 11.

Negative electrode 11: 2Mg → 2Mg ²⁺ + 4e ⁻ (1)
Positive electrode 16: O ₂ + H ₂ O   ^{+ 4e - → 4OH - (2} )
Overall: 2Mg + O ₂ + 2H ₂ O   → 2Mg (OH ⁻ ) ₂ ↓ (3)
When a non-aqueous electrolyte is used as the electrolyte or when the entire electrolyte layer 15 is composed of a solid electrolyte, O ²⁻ is involved in the reaction instead of OH ⁻ , so Mg (OH ⁻ ) Instead of ₂ , MgO is generated. When a hydrogen storage alloy is provided instead of the filter 17, water is decomposed at the positive electrode 16 to generate the OH ⁻ even without oxygen. In that case, hydrogen is adsorbed on the hydrogen storage alloy. Therefore, if the hydrogen storage alloy is detachably provided, the hydrogen storage alloy can be supplied to a fuel cell using hydrogen gas as a fuel for power generation.

In the mobile phone 1, when the oxidation of the magnesium plate 50 proceeds and the power generation capacity decreases, the cover 7 can be opened and the magnesium plate 50 can be replaced. This exchange restores power generation capacity. Further, in the mobile phone 1, since the positive electrode 16 and the electrolyte layer 15 are integrally provided, the configuration can be simplified as compared with the case where the electrolyte layer is provided on the magnesium plate 50 side.

In the mobile phone 1, the magnesium plate 50 corresponds to an example of a negative electrode member, and the cover 7 and the rubber packing 12 correspond to an example of a holding member. In addition, the negative electrode 11, the magnesium plate 50, the electrolyte layer 15, and the laminated body 20 in which the positive electrode 16 is sequentially laminated, the housing 3, and the rubber packing 12 correspond to an example of the air battery of the present invention.

(3) Modifications The mobile phone 1 of the above embodiment may be a multi-function mobile phone (so-called smartphone). The configuration of the air battery according to the mobile phone 1 can also be applied to a charger for a mobile phone (including a multi-function mobile phone). In the latter case, magnesium has a large amount of power generation per weight and power generation per volume, so that the mobile phone can be charged by placing the charger in a bag or the like.

Further, the magnesium plate 50 may be sold in the form of a sticker coated with a conductive paste on one side and attached to a mount, or may be used by stacking a plurality of sheets and peeling them off sequentially. It may be used by being separated by a perforation. Furthermore, the magnesium plate 50 generates heat when it is oxidized. Therefore, when the housing 3 is made of a material that conducts heat appropriately, the mobile phone 1 can be used as a warmer.

Further, a plurality of magnesium plates 50 are mounted on a disc that rotates along the inner side surface 5A around an axis perpendicular to the inner side surface 5A of the main body 5, and the magnesium plate 50 can be replaced by rotating the disc. It may be possible. Such a configuration can also be applied to the case where a thick magnesium plate 50 is required, such as an air battery for an electric vehicle. In this case, the disk may be a cylinder like a revolver of a handgun. Good.

Depending on the configuration of the electrolyte layer 15, for example, when the electrolyte layer 15 is configured by a porous separator or a solid electrolyte holding an alkaline electrolyte or a non-aqueous electrolyte, oxygen supplied through the filter 17 may be blocked. Power generation can be stopped. Therefore, by providing a partition perpendicular to the surface of the positive electrode 16 inside the filter 17, the internal space of the filter 17 is hermetically cut off into a plurality of spaces, and a highly airtight coating is provided on the surface of each space facing the outside air. May be applied. In that case, the paint is scraped off like a scratch card, so that oxygen (air) is introduced into the space where the paint is applied, and power is generated using only the magnesium plate 50 facing the space. Is possible. In that case, when the user wants to reliably supply power to the mobile phone 1, the user newly scrapes the paint and uses a new area of the magnesium plate 50 for power generation, so that the communication system or the like of the mobile phone 1 can be connected. Energization can be performed reliably.

Further, instead of applying the paint, a configuration similar to the bubble cushioning material may be disposed on the surface facing the outside air, and oxygen may be introduced into the desired space by crushing the bubbles. Furthermore, even when the magnesium plate 50 is sold as a single unit, the coating may be peeled off when the magnesium plate 50 is taken out from the packaging container and used for power generation. Further, the magnesium plate 50 can have various shapes such as a coin shape (for example, a disk shape) and a granular shape. Note that, as described above, the configuration in which power generation is performed when the paint is scraped off like a scratch card may be applied to a general scratch card. In that case, when the scratch card is scraped, the scratch card can emit light by the power generation.

[Second Embodiment]
(1) Configuration of the Second Embodiment Next, the air battery 201 of the second embodiment shown in FIG. 4 generates power using the magnesium spheres 250 configured in a granular (spherical) shape with magnesium. As shown in FIG. 4, the air battery 201 includes a pipe 205 through which a magnesium sphere 250 is circulated, and an electrolyte made of the same material as the electrolyte layer 15 and the positive electrode 16 in the first embodiment at the lower part of the inner surface of the pipe 205. The layered body 20 of the layer 15 and the positive electrode 16 and the metal negative electrode 11 are disposed. The laminate 20 is configured with the electrolyte layer 15 inside. Moreover, the laminated body 20 and the negative electrode 11 are separately disposed on the right side and the left side with respect to the flow direction of the magnesium sphere 250. At least the electrolyte layer 15 and the negative electrode 11 of the laminate 20 slightly protrude from the inner surface of the pipe 205, and at least the inner surface is a cylindrical surface. Note that the inner diameter of this cylindrical surface preferably matches the outer diameter of the magnesium sphere 250.

Further, the magnesium sphere 250 is supplied through the pipeline 261 in a state where an anti-oxidation coating is formed on the outer periphery, and is sent into the pipe 205 through a pair of sponge-like rollers 263 and 265. An abrasive is adhered to the surfaces of the rollers 263 and 265 by adhesion or the like, and the rotational speeds of the rollers 263 and 265 are slightly different.

(2) Effect of Second Embodiment For this reason, the anti-oxidation coating film is scraped off by the abrasive when the magnesium sphere 250 passes between the rollers 263 and 265, and the magnesium constituting the magnesium sphere 250 is removed. It is conveyed while rolling between the electrolyte layer 15 and the negative electrode 11. For this reason, the air battery 201 can generate power in the same manner as in the first embodiment.

Note that the magnesium sphere 250 that has passed through the pipe 205 is transported to a region with a large amount of solar radiation, such as the tropics and deserts, through a pipeline (not shown). In this region, the magnesium sphere 250 is reduced by detaching oxygen from magnesium oxide by irradiating laser light using solar power generation. The reduced magnesium sphere 250 is transported to the air battery 201 through the pipeline 261 after the coating is formed. As described above, a form in which magnesium is changed to magnesium hydroxide by power generation is also conceivable. However, magnesium hydroxide is easily changed to magnesium oxide when heated red, and then reduced to magnesium as described above. Can.

(3) Modifications In the air battery 201, the magnesium sphere 250 corresponds to an example of a negative electrode member, and the pipe 205 corresponds to an example of a holding member and an oxidation point changing member. Further, in the air battery 201, an abrasive is attached to the inner wall surface of the end portion of the pipeline 261, and when the magnesium sphere 250 passes through the portion, the coating or magnesium oxide or magnesium hydroxide oxidized during transportation is scraped off. Also good. Further, the laminate 20 of the electrolyte layer 15 and the positive electrode 16 and the negative electrode 11 are disposed over the entire length of the pipe 205, and the abrasive is attached to a plurality of locations in the longitudinal direction, and the magnesium passing through the locations. From the sphere 250, the coating or the layer of magnesium oxide or magnesium hydroxide may be scraped off. Still further, the abrasive attached to the end of the pipeline 261, the electrolyte layer 15 or the surface of the negative electrode 11 is made of a porous material impregnated with the coating or a solution for dissolving magnesium oxide or magnesium hydroxide, or a solution thereof. It may be replaced with a stored storage tank.

Also, the magnesium plate 50 used in the mobile phone 1 may be reduced in an area where the amount of solar radiation is large, like the magnesium sphere 250 in the air battery 201. In such a case, even if a device is used such as a machine for baking rice crackers, the magnesium plate 50 is reduced while being conveyed by a belt conveyor, and the reduced magnesium plate 50 is dropped on the coating solution and coated. Good.

[Third Embodiment]
(1) Configuration of Third Embodiment An air battery 301 of the third embodiment shown in FIG. 5 is a laminate of the electrolyte layer 15 and the positive electrode 16 configured in the same manner as the electrolyte layer 15 and the positive electrode 16 in the first embodiment. On the other hand, a detachable cassette 305 is provided. The air battery 301 can be applied to various electric devices such as an electric vehicle and a multi-function mobile phone. Hereinafter, a case where the air battery 301 is applied to an electric vehicle will be described. In that case, the electrolyte layer 15 and the positive electrode 16 are provided on the electric vehicle side, and the cassette 305 is detachably configured thereto.

The cassette 305 includes a magnesium strip 350 configured in a tape shape (strip shape) in which the front and back surfaces are conductive with magnesium, a pair of reels 351 and 352, and a guide 353. A magnesium strip 350 is wound around the pair of reels 351 and 352. At least one pair of guides 353 is provided to stretch the magnesium band 350 between the reels 351 and 352 on the surface of the electrolyte layer 15. Note that the configuration of such a cassette 305 is substantially the same as that described in Japanese Patent No. 5034014, and will not be described in detail here.

When the cassette 305 is mounted on an electric vehicle, the magnesium strip 350 is grounded to a ground electrode (not shown) on the electric vehicle side through at least one of the metal reels 351, 352 or the guide 353. Is done. For this reason, power generation can be performed between the ground electrode and the positive electrode 16 as in the first embodiment.

Further, one reel 351 is rotationally driven by a motor 370, and the driving force is transmitted to the other reel 352 via a driving force transmission mechanism (not shown). This driving force transmission mechanism is a well-known mechanism that can convey the magnesium band 350 in any direction while the magnesium band 350 is stretched on the surface of the electrolyte layer 15 regardless of the winding amount of the magnesium band 350 in each reel 351, 352. It is. Further, between the reel 351 and the nearest guide 353, the magnesium band 350 stretched between the guide 353 and the reel 351 is irradiated with a laser beam to reduce the magnesium band 350 in that portion. The laser irradiation unit 371 is provided. The laser irradiation unit 371 is irradiated with laser light by being supplied with power from an external power source (not shown) different from the air battery 301.

The motor 370 and the laser irradiation unit 371 are controlled by a control unit 372 including a microcomputer including a CPU 381, a ROM 382, and a RAM 383, and a detection signal from the detection unit 373 is input to the control unit 372. The configurations of the motor 370, the laser irradiation unit 371, the control unit 372, and the detection unit 373 are also provided on the electric vehicle side separately from the cassette 305.

(2) First Process Example and Effects in the Third Embodiment Various processes are conceivable as the process executed by the control unit 372 as follows. Here, the electric vehicle has a known mechanism (not shown) for acquiring regenerative power during braking, and the detection unit 373 detects the braking state, vehicle speed, and other loads (air conditioner, light, etc.). In that case, the control unit 372 may execute the following processing.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing an example of processing of the control unit 372 corresponding to such a case. This process is executed at predetermined intervals by the CPU 381 provided in the control unit 372 based on a program stored in the ROM 382 provided in the control unit 372.

As shown in FIG. 6, in this process, first, in S11 (S represents a step: the same applies hereinafter), it is determined whether or not the electric vehicle is being braked based on the detection result of the detection unit 373. If the brake is not being applied (S11: N), it is determined in S12 whether or not a predetermined time has elapsed since the motor 370 was driven last time, based on the timepiece provided in the controller 372. If the predetermined time has not elapsed (S12: N), it is determined in S13 whether or not the electric vehicle has traveled more than a predetermined distance based on the detection result of the detection unit 373.

If the vehicle has not traveled over a predetermined distance (S13: N), it is determined in S14 whether or not the load is equal to or greater than a predetermined value (for example, the power consumption of the load is equal to or greater than a predetermined value). (S14: N), the process is temporarily terminated as it is. On the other hand, whether a predetermined time or more has elapsed since the last driving of the motor 370 (S12: Y), whether the electric vehicle has traveled more than a predetermined distance (S13: Y), or whether the load is more than a predetermined (S14: Y) If any condition is satisfied, the process proceeds to S17. In S <b> 17, the motor 370 is driven by a predetermined amount, and the magnesium band 350 is conveyed by the length of the electrolyte layer 15 in the direction from the reel 352 toward the reel 351. As a result, the portion of the magnesium band 350 that contacts the electrolyte layer 15 is exchanged, and the power generation can be performed reliably.

That is, when an affirmative determination is made in any of S12 to S14, this corresponds to a case where a large amount of power is consumed in the electric vehicle. Those electric powers are supplied from the air battery 301. In that case, it is presumed that most of the magnesium in the magnesium band 350 in contact with the electrolyte layer 15 is changed to magnesium oxide or magnesium hydroxide. Therefore, the portion in contact with the electrolyte layer 15 of the magnesium band 350 is replaced by the process of S17.

On the other hand, when the detection unit 373 detects that the electric vehicle is being braked (S11: Y), the process proceeds to S19. In S <b> 19, the magnesium band 350 that has been used for power generation so far is reduced by the laser irradiation unit 371 using the regenerative power, and the motor 370 is reversely rotated, so that the magnesium band 350 that has been reduced has the reel 352. The process is temporarily ended. During braking of the electric vehicle (S11: Y), the used magnesium band 350 is gradually reduced by repeating the processes of S11 and S19. Therefore, the deteriorated (oxidized) magnesium band 350 can be reduced and reused well as described above (S19).

In the air battery 301, the electrolyte layer 15 and the laser irradiation unit 371 may be separated as shown in FIG. In that case, in the process of S19, first, a portion of the magnesium band 350 that contacts the electrolyte layer 15 is conveyed to a portion facing the laser irradiation unit 371 (a position where magnesium is reduced), and then the magnesium band where the reduction is completed. 350 may be sequentially conveyed in a direction toward the reel 352. In S19, when the reduction and the conveyance in the reel 352 direction are performed up to the beginning of the magnesium band 350, the reduction process cannot be performed any more, so the process of S19 is substantially passed. Here, the conveyance to the beginning of the magnesium band 350 means that the amount of the magnesium band 350 wound around the reel 351 drives the motor 370 again to wind the magnesium band 350 around the reel 351. Represents the minimum possible value.

(3) Second Processing Example and Effects in Third Embodiment The processing shown in FIG. 7 corresponds to the case where the function of the detection unit 373 is different from that of the first processing example shown in FIG. That is, FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing an example of processing corresponding to the case where the detection unit 373 directly detects the deterioration state (oxidation state) of the magnesium band 350 facing the electrolyte layer 15. As shown in FIG. 7, this process is the same as the first process example shown in FIG. 6 except that the process of S22 is executed instead of the processes of S12 to S14 described above. Only the differences will be described.

That is, in this process, when the electric vehicle is not being braked (S11: N), based on the detection result of the detection unit 373, the magnesium band 350 facing the electrolyte layer 15 is deteriorated (greater than a predetermined degree) in S22. It is determined whether or not oxidation has occurred. If it is not deteriorated (S22: N), the process is temporarily terminated as it is, and if it is deteriorated (S22: Y), the magnesium band 350 is conveyed in S17 described above. Thereby, the part which contacts the electrolyte layer 15 of the magnesium band 350 is replaced | exchanged for the part which has not deteriorated from the deteriorated part, and the said electric power generation can be performed reliably. In addition, as the detection part 373 which detects the said deterioration state, the structure which presses the magnesium band 350 facing the electrolyte layer 15 from the bottom, and measures a weight, or the magnesium band 350 facing the electrolyte layer 15 Various configurations such as a configuration for measuring a resistance value can be applied.

(4) Third Process Example and Effects in Third Embodiment The process shown in FIG. 8 is the same as the first process example and the second process example shown in FIGS. It corresponds to the case where the functions are also different. That is, FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing an example of processing corresponding to the case where the air battery 301 is applied to a multi-function mobile phone.

In this case, the electrolyte layer 15, the positive electrode 16, the motor 370, the laser irradiation unit 371, the control unit 372, and the detection unit 373 of the air battery 301 are provided on the multifunctional mobile phone side separately from the cassette 305. The cassette 305 is configured to be detachable from the multi-function mobile phone. The magnesium band 350 is grounded to a ground electrode (not shown) on the multifunctional mobile phone side through at least one of the metal reels 351, 352 or the guide 353. The detection unit 373 determines whether or not the multi-function mobile phone is being charged by a charger, what name or code number application (application software) is being executed on the multi-function mobile phone, and the like. Is detected.

8 is also executed at predetermined time intervals by the CPU 381 provided in the control unit 372 based on a program stored in the ROM 382 provided in the control unit 372. As shown in FIG. 8, in this process, first, in S31, it is determined based on the detection result of the detection unit 373 whether or not the multi-function mobile phone is being charged. When charging is not in progress (S31: N), in S32, it is determined based on the detection result of the detection unit 373 whether or not a predetermined application with relatively large power consumption is being executed. The name or code number of the predetermined application is registered in advance in the ROM 382 in a state associated with the numerical value α described below. If the predetermined application is not being executed (S32: N), the value of the counter N is incremented by 1 in S33, and the process proceeds to S34. On the other hand, if the predetermined application is being executed (S32: Y), a numerical value α (a natural number greater than 1) corresponding to the application is acquired in S35, and that α is added to the value of the counter N in S36. Then, the process proceeds to S34.

In S34, it is determined whether or not the value of the counter N is greater than a predetermined value M (a natural number greater than 1). If N ≦ M (S34: N), the process is temporarily terminated. On the other hand, if N> N, the process proceeds to S37, and the magnesium band 350 is conveyed as in S17 described above. In S38 following S37, the counter N is reset to 0, and the process is temporarily ended.

On the other hand, when the detection unit 373 detects that the multi-function mobile phone is being charged (S31: Y), the process proceeds to S39. In S39, the magnesium band 350 that has been used for power generation so far is reduced by the laser irradiation unit 371 using the power supplied from the charger. In S39, the motor 370 is reversely rotated in the same manner as in S19 described above, whereby the magnesium band 350 after the reduction is transported in the direction toward the reel 352, and the process is temporarily terminated. While the multi-function mobile phone is being charged (S31: Y), the used magnesium band 350 is gradually reduced by repeating the processes of S31 and S39. For this reason, the degraded (oxidized) magnesium band 350 can be reduced and reused satisfactorily (S39).

(5) Modifications In the air battery 301 of the present embodiment, the magnesium band 350 corresponds to an example of a negative electrode member, and the reels 351 and 352 and the motor 370 correspond to an example of an oxidation point changing member. Further, the magnesium strip 350 does not necessarily have to be wound around a reel, and may be transported via a pipeline as in the second embodiment.

Further, in the embodiment in which the detection unit 373 directly detects the deterioration state of the magnesium band 350 and the control unit 372 performs the processing shown in FIG. 7 (the above-described second processing example), the air battery 301 is a multi-function mobile phone. When applied, it can be applied in the same manner as applied to an electric vehicle. However, in that case, as shown in the flowchart of FIG. 9, the determination of “whether braking is being performed” in S11 is replaced with the determination of “charging” in S31, and “reduction with regenerative power” in S19 is performed in S39. Replaced by “reduction with supplied power”.

[Fourth Embodiment]
The air battery 401 according to the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 10 is configured in the same manner as the air battery 301 according to the third embodiment except for the following points. A description will be omitted with reference numerals, and only differences will be described. As shown in FIG. 10, the air battery 401 does not have a motor 370, a laser irradiation unit 371, a control unit 372, and a detection unit 373, and a handle 470 for manual rotation is connected to the reel 351.

Therefore, in the air battery 401, the magnesium strip 350 can be transported as described above by rotating the handle 470 by hand. Therefore, the user can appropriately determine the power generation state of the air battery 401 and transport the magnesium band 350 as appropriate. Also, in this case, if the magnesium band 350 is entirely wound up on the reel 351 side, for example, the magnesium band 350 is replaced with a new one, and the used magnesium band 350 is sent to the area as described above for reduction. Will also be easier. In the air battery 401 of this embodiment, the magnesium strip 350 corresponds to an example of a negative electrode member, the cassette 305 corresponds to an example of a holding member, and the reels 351 and 352 and the handle 470 correspond to an example of an oxidation point changing member.

[Fifth Embodiment]
(1) Configuration of Fifth Embodiment An air battery 501 of the fifth embodiment shown in FIG. 11 is provided with a magnesium rod 550 configured in a long cylindrical shape with magnesium, and both ends of the magnesium rod 550 in the longitudinal direction. And a pair of stands 551 for standing the magnesium rod 550 vertically. Further, the laminate of the electrolyte layer 15 and the positive electrode 16 made of the same material as the electrolyte layer 15 and the positive electrode 16 in the first embodiment is formed in an annular shape so as to surround the magnesium rod 550 with the electrolyte layer 15 inside. Yes. Each of the pair of stands 551 is made of a metal such as copper and can be a negative electrode by being disposed on a ground electrode or the like.

(2) Effect of Fifth Embodiment For this reason, when the annular electrolyte layer 15 is in contact with the magnesium rod 550, power generation can be performed in the same manner as the stacked body 20 in the first embodiment. A weight 507 is connected to the outer periphery of the positive electrode 16 via a spring 505, and the inner diameter of the electrolyte layer 15 is slightly larger than the outer shape of the magnesium rod 550. For this reason, the electrolyte layer 15 and the positive electrode 16 can be gradually lowered from the upper end to the lower end of the magnesium rod 550 by vibrating the weight 507 up and down. During the lowering, the electrolyte layer 15 and the positive electrode 16 can sequentially move to a portion (downward) where the magnesium rod 550 is not yet oxidized while generating electricity by oxidizing the magnesium rod 550.

In the air battery 501 of the present embodiment, when the electrolyte layer 15 and the positive electrode 16 move to the lower end of the magnesium rod 550, if the oxidation state of the magnesium rod 550 is still an oxidation state that can generate power, the magnesium rod 550 is removed. The power can be generated again in the same manner by turning it upside down. In addition, if an abrasive is attached to the inner surface of the electrolyte layer 15, the power generation can be performed while scraping the oxidized portion of the surface of the magnesium rod 550.

(3) Modified Example In the air battery 501 of the present embodiment, the magnesium rod 550 corresponds to an example of a negative electrode member, and the spring 505 and the weight 507 correspond to an example of an oxidation site changing member. Note that the oxidation site changing member in the present embodiment may be replaced with another configuration. For example, when an electric arm or the like is provided instead of the spring 505 or the weight 507 in the air battery 501, the arm or the like may forcibly move the electrolyte layer 15 and the positive electrode 16. In that case, when the abrasive is attached to the inner surface of the electrolyte layer 15 as described above, and further provided with a mechanism for rotating the magnesium bar 550 around the central axis, the magnesium bar 550 is peeled off like a katsura. Power generation can be performed while cutting while rotating. Furthermore, when the magnesium rod 550 is housed on the lower stand 551 side and is drawn out from the stand 551 according to the knock like a mechanical pencil core, the contact position with the electrolyte layer 15 is changed by the feeding. May be.

[Sixth Embodiment]
(1) Configuration of Sixth Embodiment In each of the above embodiments, magnesium is reduced by irradiating laser light, but various other methods can be applied as a magnesium reduction method. For example, it is known that when a metal oxide is rapidly heated at a rate of 80 ° C./min or more, it is reduced to the original metal even in a relatively low temperature range (for example, JP-A-2008-94636). reference.).

Since the air battery 601 of the sixth embodiment shown in FIG. 12 is configured in the same manner as the air battery 301 of the third embodiment except for the following points, the parts configured similarly are used in FIG. A description will be omitted with reference numerals, and only differences will be described. As shown in FIG. 12, the air battery 601 does not have the laser irradiation unit 371 and includes a plurality of lenses 671, a shutter 677, and a received light amount sensor 678.

A plurality of lenses 671 are provided along the surface of the magnesium band 350 conveyed to the reel 351 side from the position facing the electrolyte layer 15, and collects sunlight on the surface of the magnesium band 350. The shutter 677 permits or prohibits sunlight from entering each lens 671. The received light amount sensor 678 detects the amount of sunlight incident on the lens 671 through the shutter 677. Note that the air battery 601 of the present embodiment is preferably mounted at a position where the light collection by the lens 671 is easily performed. For example, if it is mounted on an electric vehicle, it is preferably mounted on a dashboard or a roof. In FIG. 12, only two lenses 671 are illustrated, but more lenses 671 may be provided.

(2) Processing and Effects in the Sixth Embodiment Even in the air battery 601 of the present embodiment, various processes can be considered as the processing executed by the control unit 372. Hereinafter, as an example, a process corresponding to a case where the detection unit 373 directly detects the deterioration state (oxidation state) of the magnesium band 350 facing the electrolyte layer 15 will be described. As shown in the flowchart of FIG. 13, in this process, first, in S50, whether or not the magnesium band 350 facing the electrolyte layer 15 has deteriorated (oxidized more than a predetermined degree) is detected by the detection unit 373. Is determined based on If it is not deteriorated (S50: N), the process proceeds to S51. In S51, it is determined based on the drive history of the motor 370 whether or not the magnesium strip 350 has been rewound to the start end.

Here, the state in which the magnesium band 350 is rewound to the start end means that the amount of the magnesium band 350 wound around the reel 351 drives the motor 370 to wind the magnesium band 350 around the reel 351. This is the state where the minimum value is possible. When the new cassette 305 is mounted, the magnesium strip 350 has been rewound to the start end (S51: Y), so the processing is temporarily terminated as it is.

If it is determined in S51 that the magnesium band 350 has not been rewound to the starting end (S51: N), the process proceeds to S52. In S52, it is determined whether or not the light reception state of the light reception amount sensor 678 is a light reception state in which the magnesium band 350 can be reduced by heating. If the light receiving state is not reducible (S52: N), the process is terminated as it is. If the light receiving state is reducible (S52: Y), the process proceeds to S53.

In S53, the shutter 677 is opened, and in subsequent S54, the process is in a standby state for a predetermined time corresponding to the light receiving state used in the determination in S52. That is, after the shutter 677 is opened, the time T required until the magnesium band 350 facing the lens 671 is reduced varies depending on the amount of sunlight incident on the lens 671. Therefore, in S54, the time T corresponding to the light reception state of the light reception amount sensor 678 is calculated as a predetermined time, and the process is in a standby state for the predetermined time.

When the predetermined time has elapsed, the process proceeds to S55 and the shutter 677 is closed. In subsequent S <b> 56, the motor 370 is rotated in the reverse direction, whereby the magnesium band 350 is conveyed in a direction toward the reel 352 by a certain amount corresponding to the range in which the reduction is completed, and the process is temporarily ended. On the other hand, when it is determined in S50 that the magnesium band 350 has deteriorated (S50: Y), the process proceeds to S57. In S57, similarly to S17 in each of the above embodiments, the magnesium band 350 is conveyed by a predetermined amount, and the process proceeds to S52 described above.

For this reason, also in the air battery 601 of the present embodiment, the portion of the magnesium band 350 that contacts the electrolyte layer 15 is replaced with a portion that has not deteriorated (oxidized) from the deteriorated portion (S57), and the power generation is reliably performed. Can do. Further, the deteriorated (oxidized) magnesium band 350 can be reduced and reused satisfactorily using sunlight as described above (S53 to S56).

(3) Modifications In the present embodiment, only one lens 671 may be provided. In addition, a device that generates laser light when excited by sunlight may be provided between the lens 671 and the magnesium band 350. In that case, reduction by laser light can be performed similarly to the reduction of the magnesium band 350 in the third embodiment. An apparatus that generates laser light by being excited by sunlight is well known as described in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-66368 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2013-235930, and will not be described in detail here.

Further, an inert gas such as nitrogen or a reducing gas such as hydrogen may be introduced into a portion of the magnesium band 350 where the sunlight is collected via a duct (not shown). In that case, the reduction of the magnesium band 350 may be performed more efficiently. The portion of the magnesium band 350 where the sunlight is collected may be placed in a vacuum atmosphere, and in that case, the reduction of the magnesium band 350 may be performed more efficiently.

[Seventh Embodiment]
(1) Configuration of Seventh Embodiment Also, as a method of heating the magnesium band 350, various methods other than a method of using sunlight can be applied. Since the air battery 701 of the seventh embodiment shown in FIG. 14 is configured in the same manner as the air battery 301 of the third embodiment except for the following points, the same configuration is used in FIG. A description will be omitted with reference numerals, and only differences will be described. As shown in FIG. 14, the air battery 701 does not have the laser irradiation unit 371 and includes a plurality of condensing mirrors 771 and 772 and a shutter 777.

The condensing mirrors 771 and 772 condense the infrared rays emitted from the heat generating part of the device provided with the air battery 701 on the surface of the magnesium band 350 conveyed to the reel 351 side from the position facing the electrolyte layer 15. . The condensing mirrors 771 and 772 may be replaced with a combination of a plurality of mirrors and lenses. The shutter 777 permits or prohibits the irradiation of infrared rays from the respective collecting mirrors 771 and 772 to the magnesium band 350.

FIG. 15 shows an example in which the air battery 701 is mounted on a branch pipe 791 of an exhaust pipe 790 of an automobile. As shown in FIG. 16, the branch pipe 791 has one end connected to a connection part 793 provided in a part of the exhaust pipe 790 and the other end connected to the connection part 793 in the exhaust pipe 790 on the downstream side in the exhaust direction. 794. For this reason, a part of the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust pipe 790 branches at the connecting portion 793 and flows into the branch pipe 791. A part of the exhaust gas flows through the branch pipe 791, and then merges with the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust pipe 790 at the connecting portion 794. The branch pipe 791 is configured to be retrofitted by the owner of the automobile.

16, the cassette 305 of the air battery 701 is detachably mounted inside the branch pipe 791, and the motor 370 of the air battery 701 is provided outside the branch pipe 791. An open / close valve 795 that opens and closes an exhaust passage of the branch pipe 791 is provided inside the branch pipe 791 between the connecting portion 793 and the mounting portion of the cassette 305.

As shown in FIG. 15, the electrolyte layer 15 and the positive electrode 16 are also provided inside the branch tube 791. The condenser mirrors 771 and 772, the shutter 777, and the control unit 372 are provided outside the branch pipe 791. The controller 372 is configured to be able to control the open / close state of the on-off valve 795 via an actuator (not shown).

The condensing mirror 771 condenses infrared rays emitted from the engine 797 as an example of the heat generating part on the surface of the magnesium band 350. The engine 797 may be any type of engine as long as it is an internal combustion engine that performs exhaust through the exhaust pipe 790. The internal combustion engine may be an internal combustion engine for a hybrid vehicle that is used in combination with a traveling motor. Moreover, according to the infrared optical path length between the condensing mirror 771 and the engine 797, another condensing mirror and a lens may be arrange | positioned between both.

The condensing mirror 772 condenses infrared rays emitted from a brake 798 as an example of the heat generating part on the surface of the magnesium band 350. Although only one condenser mirror 772 is shown in FIG. 15, at least four condenser mirrors 772 are provided, and infrared rays radiated from brakes 798 respectively provided on four wheels of the automobile are collected on the surface of the magnesium band 350. The light is condensed at the same position as the light collecting position 771. In addition, according to the infrared optical path length between each condensing mirror 772 and each brake 798, another condensing mirror and a lens may be arrange | positioned between both.

In addition, since the condensing mirrors 771 and 772 are provided outside the branch pipe 791, if the entire branch pipe 791 is made of a steel pipe or the like, infrared rays cannot be favorably condensed on the surface of the magnesium band 350. . In view of this, the branch tube 791 is made of quartz glass 799 at a portion that intersects the optical path of the infrared rays collected by the condenser mirrors 771 and 772.

(2) Processing and Effects in the Seventh Embodiment Even in the air battery 701 of the present embodiment, various types of processing executed by the control unit 372 are conceivable. Hereinafter, as an example, a process corresponding to the case where the detection unit 373 detects the deterioration state (oxidation state) of the magnesium band 350 facing the electrolyte layer 15 and the operation state of the engine 797 will be described.

As shown in the flowchart of FIG. 17, this process is the same as the process of FIG. 13 except that the processes of S52 to S55 in FIG. 13 are changed to S62 to S65. . If it is determined in S50 that the magnesium band 350 has not deteriorated (oxidized) (S50: N), and if it is determined in S51 that the magnesium band 350 has been rewound to the starting end (S51: Y) The process is once terminated as it is.

If it is determined in S51 that the magnesium band 350 has not been rewound to the start end (S51: N), the process proceeds to S62 as it is. If it is determined in S50 that the magnesium band 350 has deteriorated (S50: Y), the process proceeds to S62 after the magnesium band 350 is conveyed by a predetermined amount in S57.

In S62, it is determined whether or not the operating state of the engine 797 is an operating state in which an exhaust temperature and a calorific value sufficient to heat and reduce the magnesium band 350 can be obtained. If it is not an operation state in which reduction is possible (S62: N), the process is temporarily terminated as it is, and if it is in an operation state in which reduction is possible (S62: Y), the process proceeds to S63.

In S63, the shutter 677 and the on-off valve 795 are opened, and in the subsequent S64, the process is in a standby state for a predetermined time corresponding to the operating state used for the determination in S62. That is, after the shutter 677 and the on-off valve 795 are opened, the time T required to reduce the magnesium band 350 on which infrared rays are collected varies according to the heat generation amount of the engine 797 and the exhaust temperature. Therefore, in S64, the time T corresponding to the driving state detected by the detecting unit 373 is calculated as the predetermined time, and the process is in the standby state for the predetermined time.

When the predetermined time has elapsed, the process proceeds to S65, and the shutter 677 and the on-off valve 795 are closed. In subsequent S <b> 56, the magnesium band 350 is conveyed in a direction toward the reel 352 by a certain amount corresponding to the range in which the reduction is completed, and the process is temporarily ended.

For this reason, also in the air battery 701 of the present embodiment, the portion of the magnesium band 350 that contacts the electrolyte layer 15 is replaced with a portion that has not deteriorated (oxidized) from the deteriorated portion (S57), and the power generation is reliably performed. Can do. Further, the deteriorated (oxidized) magnesium band 350 can be reduced and reused satisfactorily using the heat generated by the engine 797, the exhaust temperature, and the heat generated by the brake 798 as described above (S63 to S56).

(3) Modification In the above process, the heat generation amount of the brake 798 is not referred to with reference to the heat generation amount of the engine 797 and the exhaust temperature, but the heat generation amount of the brake 798 may also be referred to. The amount of heat generated by the brake 798 has less influence on the calculation of the time T (predetermined time) in S64 than the amount of heat generated by the engine 797 and the exhaust temperature, but more detailed control can be performed by referring also to the amount of heat generated by the brake 798. Can be executed. Alternatively, the magnesium band 350 may be reduced by collecting only the infrared rays emitted by the heat generated by either the engine 797 or the brake 798. Further, in addition to the infrared rays from the engine 797 and the brake 798, the infrared rays radiated by the heat generated by other heat generating parts such as an in-vehicle CPU may be condensed through another collecting mirror to reduce the magnesium band 350. Good.

Further, the air battery 701 may be provided outside the exhaust pipe 790, and the exhaust temperature may be transmitted via a heat conductive material or the like. In that case, the branch pipe 791 and the on-off valve 795 can be omitted. Further, the air battery 701 may reduce the magnesium band 350 by using infrared rays or the like from the engine 797 without using heat from the exhaust pipe 790 or the exhaust gas. FIG. 16 schematically shows the exhaust pipe 790 and the branch pipe 791. However, in a general vehicle, the exhaust pipe 790 may be bent, and the shapes of the exhaust pipe 790 and the branch pipe 791 are as shown in FIG. It is not limited to the shape shown in.

Further, the air battery 701 can be used by being mounted on a device other than the automobile. For example, the air battery 701 may be attached to a large computer and may collect infrared rays radiated by heat generated from each CPU as a heat generating unit via the collecting mirrors 771 and 772.

Further, an inert gas such as nitrogen or a reducing gas such as hydrogen may be introduced into a portion of the magnesium band 350 where the infrared rays are collected via a duct (not shown). In that case, the reduction of the magnesium band 350 may be performed more efficiently. The portion of the magnesium band 350 where the infrared rays are collected may be placed in a vacuum atmosphere, and in that case, the reduction of the magnesium band 350 may be performed more efficiently.

[Eighth Embodiment]
(1) Configuration of Eighth Embodiment In each of the embodiments described above, the case where the air battery of the present invention is used alone has been described as an example. However, the air battery of the present invention is connected to a power source other than the air battery. A so-called hybrid type may be combined.

Since the air battery 801 of the eighth embodiment shown in FIG. 18 is configured in the same manner as the air battery 301 of the third embodiment except for the following points, the same configuration is used in FIG. A description will be omitted with reference numerals, and only differences will be described. As shown in FIG. 18, this air battery 801 includes another power source 830 and a switching unit 899 in addition to the configuration of the air battery 301 of the third embodiment.

The other power source 830 includes a fuel cell 832 that generates electric power using hydrogen supplied from the hydrogen supply source 831 and a storage battery 833 that stores electric power generated by the fuel cell 832. Note that the hydrogen supply source 831 may be a simple hydrogen cylinder, for example, an apparatus that provides hydrogen by dehydrogenating an organic hydride as described in Japanese Patent No. 4849775. In addition, the output voltage of the storage battery 833 is input to the laser irradiation unit 371 and the switching unit 899. The switching unit 899 selectively supplies the output voltage of the positive electrode 16 of the air battery 301 or the output voltage of the positive electrode of the storage battery 833 to the load F. The switching unit 899 is a well-known configuration configured by appropriately using a relay, a switching element, or the like. belongs to.

The switching unit 899 switches whether the output voltage of the air battery 301 or the output voltage of the storage battery 833 is supplied to the load F in accordance with a control signal from the control unit 372. In addition, a signal corresponding to the amount of power stored in the storage battery 833 is input to the control unit 372.

(2) Process and Effect in Eighth Embodiment Various processes are conceivable as the process executed by the control unit 372 also in the air battery 801 of the present embodiment. Hereinafter, as an example, a process corresponding to the case where the detection unit 373 detects the deterioration state (oxidation state) of the magnesium band 350 facing the electrolyte layer 15 will be described.

As shown in the flowchart of FIG. 19, in this process, first, in S70, it is determined whether or not the storage amount of the storage battery 833 is sufficient to reduce the magnesium band 350 while driving the load F. To be judged. When the amount of stored electricity is insufficient (S70: N), the process proceeds to S71. In S <b> 71, the load F is connected to the positive electrode 16 by sending a control signal to the switching unit 899. Subsequently, the same processes of S22 and S17 as in FIG. 7 are executed, and the process ends.

That is, based on the detection result of the detection unit 373, it is determined whether or not the magnesium band 350 facing the electrolyte layer 15 has deteriorated (oxidized) (S22), and if not deteriorated (S22: N), The process is temporarily terminated as it is. On the other hand, when the magnesium band 350 is deteriorated (S22: Y), the magnesium band 350 is conveyed (S17). Thereby, the part which contacts the electrolyte layer 15 of the magnesium band 350 is replaced | exchanged for the part which has not deteriorated from the deteriorated part, and the said electric power generation can be performed reliably.

On the other hand, when the storage amount of the storage battery 833 is sufficient (S70: Y), the process proceeds to S75, and a control signal is sent to the switching unit 899, whereby the load F is connected to the storage battery 833. In subsequent S76, the magnesium band 350 that has been used for power generation so far is reduced by the laser irradiation unit 371 using the power from the storage battery 833, and the reduction of the magnesium band 350 is completed by the reverse rotation of the motor 370. 350 is conveyed in the direction toward the reel 352, and the process is temporarily terminated. For this reason, the air battery 801 of the present embodiment has characteristics combining the characteristics of an air battery using the magnesium band 350 and the characteristics of the other power source 830.

(3) Modifications As the other power source 830, various types other than those illustrated in FIG. 18 can be applied. For example, as shown in FIG. 20, another power source including an antenna 835 through which a current flows when a radio wave in the air is picked up, and a bridge circuit 836 that rectifies the current flowing through the antenna 835 and charges the storage battery 833. 830 may be used. In addition, as a factor for switching the state of the switching unit 899, a factor other than the amount of power stored in the storage battery 833 may be used. For example, a factor such as the state of the load F may be used.

[Ninth Embodiment]
(1) Configuration of Ninth Embodiment Further, magnesium constituting the magnesium plate 50 or the like may not be pure magnesium, may be a magnesium alloy, or may be a mixture of resin or the like. In the latter case, it becomes easy to make magnesium porous. And various magnesium may be divided and used properly as follows.

The air battery 901 of the ninth embodiment shown in FIG. 21 includes a plurality of magnesium blocks 950 configured in a rectangular parallelepiped shape with magnesium having different compositions and blends. Each magnesium block 950 is urged in the same horizontal direction (hereinafter referred to as the front) by a spring 957 and supported by a holder (not shown), so that the magnesium blocks 950 are arranged side by side. Further, each magnesium lump 950 is configured to be movable to some extent in the front-rear direction. That is, the front end of each magnesium block 950 is supported by the holder against the urging force of the spring 957, and is normally arranged on a predetermined vertical plane. From this state, when any magnesium lump 950 is pressed backward against the urging force of the spring 957, the magnesium lump 950 moves rearward according to the pressing force.

The air battery 901 of the present embodiment includes a plate-shaped electrolyte layer 15 and a positive electrode 16 similar to the electrolyte layer 15 and the positive electrode 16 in the first embodiment. The electrolyte layer 15 and the positive electrode 16 are configured to be movable at positions facing the front surface of each magnesium lump 950 by arms 905 that extend vertically. The arm 905 moves the electrolyte layer 15 up and down at a position where each magnesium block 950 pressed to the front end of the movable range is slightly pushed against the urging force of the spring 957. Therefore, in order to make the vertical movement smooth, a guide 999 whose tip is curved forward is provided at the vertical end of the electrolyte layer 15. Each magnesium block 950 is grounded via a spring 957.

(2) Effects of Ninth Embodiment For this reason, in the air battery 901 of this embodiment, if the arm 905 is driven to bring the electrolyte layer 15 into contact with a desired magnesium lump 950, the magnesium lump 950 is used. Can generate electricity. For this reason, for example, the lowermost magnesium block 950 is used for charging a multi-function mobile phone, and the second magnesium block 950 from the bottom is used for an electric vehicle. If necessary, the electrolyte layer 15 and the positive electrode 16 can be moved as necessary to generate power according to the application.

(3) Modification The magnesium lump 950 may be arranged side by side in the left-right direction. A plurality of magnesium ingots 950 having the same composition may be prepared and switched to another magnesium ingot 950 when the power generation capacity of one magnesium ingot 950 is reduced. In the air battery 901 of the present embodiment, the magnesium lump 950 corresponds to an example of a negative electrode member, and the arm 905 corresponds to an example of an oxidation site changing member.

In the present embodiment, a configuration in which a plurality of sets of the arm 905, the electrolyte layer 15, and the positive electrode 16 are prepared and the electric power generated by them can be used together may be employed. In that case, when there is no magnesium lump 950 corresponding to the desired characteristics, the power supply can be performed by combining the characteristics of the plurality of magnesium lumps 950.

[Tenth embodiment]
(1) Configuration of Tenth Embodiment Also, as the electrolyte layer 15, various configurations can be adopted as follows. The air battery 1001 according to the tenth embodiment shown in FIG. 22 is configured in the same manner as the air battery 301 according to the third embodiment except for the following points. A description will be omitted with reference numerals, and only differences will be described.

As shown in FIG. 22, in the air battery 1001, the gel electrolyte 15 </ b> A is accommodated on the surface of the magnesium strip 350 (the surface facing the positive electrode 16 when stretched between the pair of guides 353). The microcapsules 15B are attached. In the air battery 1001 of the present embodiment, the microcapsule 15B is crushed at the portion facing the positive electrode 16, and the electrolyte 15A inside leaks, whereby the electrolyte layer 15 is formed.

The inclined surface 16A for crushing the microcapsule 15B on the magnesium band 350 to be conveyed is formed on the positive electrode 16. That is, the gap between the positive electrode 16 and the magnesium band 350 is smaller than the height of the microcapsule 15B, and the inclined surface 16A is inclined in the direction of widening the gap at the end of the positive electrode 16 facing the magnesium band 350 on the reel 352 side. Is formed. The microcapsules 15B adhere to the entire surface of the magnesium band 350 (the surface on the side facing the positive electrode 16) at a constant density so that the electrolyte layer 15 is stably formed between the positive electrode 16 and the magnesium band 350. Has been. In FIG. 22, only a part of the microcapsule 15B is illustrated.

(2) Effects of Tenth Embodiment For this reason, in the air battery 1001 of this embodiment, when the magnesium band 350 is conveyed by the rotation of the reel 351, the microcapsules 15B attached to the magnesium band 350 are sequentially It collapses. Therefore, in the air battery 1001 of this embodiment, the electrolyte layer 15 can be stably provided at a relatively low cost between the positive electrode 16 and the magnesium band 350.

(3) Modifications As the shape of the microcapsule 15B, various shapes other than the oval shape shown in FIG. 22 can be adopted. Further, instead of the microcapsules 15B being attached to the surface of the magnesium band 350, a gel electrolyte may be applied to the surface of the magnesium band 350 via a brush-like member or a spatula-like member.

[Other Embodiments]
In addition, this invention is not limited to each said embodiment at all, It can implement with a various form in the range which does not deviate from the summary of this invention. For example, the air battery of the present invention has a configuration in which the laminate of the electrolyte layer 15 and the positive electrode 16 is relatively moved along the surface of a spherical sphere made of magnesium, or a disc in which the laminate is grounded. The form which moves relatively along the outer peripheral end surface of magnesium in the shape may be sufficient. In that case, the spherical or disk-shaped magnesium may be rotated to scrape the surface so that a new surface is exposed so that power generation can be continued. Furthermore, when magnesium is configured in a disc shape and the laminate is moved relatively along the outer peripheral end face, a hole is opened in the center of the disc like a 5-yen coin or a 1-krone coin, and The hole may be formed in a polygonal shape or a gear shape. In that case, the disc may be rotated by inserting a shaft corresponding to the shape of the hole into the hole. Moreover, when a hole is made in a magnesium disk in this way, it may be transported to a factory or the like where the magnesium is reduced by putting a hole through the hole into a bundle.

In addition, the specific substance is not limited to magnesium, and various substances may be used as long as the substance is zinc, lithium, iron, carbon, sodium, beryllium, aluminum, cadmium, sulfur, lead, or an alloy containing them. Things can be applied. Furthermore, a porous member that contains an electrolyte in the specific substance and does not contain an electrolyte may be used instead of the electrolyte layer 15. Furthermore, the above-described embodiments and modifications thereof may be implemented in various combinations.

Further, various methods for reducing magnesium oxide and the like generated by the power generation according to each of the above embodiments are also conceivable. When magnesium oxide is reduced by laser light, a battery may be formed on the substrate by laminating a magnesium oxide plate on the electronic substrate and partially reducing it by irradiating laser light. In that case, a ROM is formed on the electronic substrate by controlling the laser irradiation position to control the formation position of the battery in nm units, or controlling the laser light irradiation time to control the characteristics of the battery. Various circuit configurations such as these may be manufactured.

Furthermore, the present invention is an air battery using air as a positive electrode active material and a specific material as a negative electrode active material, and can be electrically connected to a negative electrode member configured in a long shape or a strip shape by the specific material. An air battery comprising: a positive electrode that oxidizes the negative electrode member arranged at a position; and an electrode moving unit that relatively moves the positive electrode along the surface of the negative electrode member in the longitudinal direction. There may be. Further, in each of the above embodiments and the modifications thereof, the positive electrode reacts with the negative electrode active material directly without passing through the electrolyte by imparting electrons to oxygen in the air (the oxygen ion or hydroxide ion). Oxidation reaction).

Claims (3)

An air battery using air as a positive electrode active material and a specific material as a negative electrode active material,
A negative electrode member configured in a card shape, a granular shape, or a coin shape with the specific substance;
A positive electrode disposed at a position where the negative electrode member can be electrically connected to oxidize the negative electrode member;
A holding member that replaceably holds the negative electrode member at a position where it can be electrically connected to the positive electrode;
An air battery comprising: An air battery using air as a positive electrode active material and a specific material as a negative electrode active material,
A negative electrode member composed of the specific substance;
A positive electrode that is disposed at a position that can be electrically connected to an oxidation site as a part of the negative electrode member, and oxidizes the oxidation site;
An oxidation point changing member for changing the oxidation point in the negative electrode member to another part of the negative electrode member;
An air battery comprising: 3. The air battery according to claim 1, wherein the positive electrode is in contact with the negative electrode member with an electrolyte layer interposed therebetween and is provided integrally with the electrolyte layer.

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