RU2626034C1 - Method of measuring different physical values - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: measuring equipment.

SUBSTANCE: additional measuring sensors for measuring different physical quantities, an adapter with unified sockets for their connection and a module for converting measuring information into the required form are introduced into the measuring part. In the computational part, additional procedures are introduced to estimate the measurement information and to implement a remote adaptive change in the composition and content of the procedures for processing the measured values of disparate physical quantities. Before the start of measurements, a list of identifiers of the measured physical quantities and their admissible values are entered in the database of the reprogrammable computing module. In the rule base, a task for conducting measurements, rules for forming dimensionless indicators of the correspondence of the obtained estimates to the established values of the boundaries of intervals, rules for representing a set of dimensionless indicators in the form of a matrix, rules for interpreting the messages of the task matrix for changing the composition and content of the rules for estimating the measured values, and the content of the database and the rule base, the rules for generating control signals, the rules for self-monitoring and evaluation of work capabilities of a multi-sensor intelligent sensor. In the course of operation, the sensors of the connected sensors are interrogated, the values of the dimensionless indicators of compliance (discrepancy) are established for the established norms. The measurement result is formed in the form of an information message containing a matrix of dimensionless compliance indicators and control signals of the peripheral devices. Through the input/output module, the generated message is transmitted to the specified peripheral devices via the respective communication channels.

EFFECT: expanding the functional capabilities.

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Description

The invention relates to instrumentation and can be used in instrumentation REA in the development and manufacture of intelligent sensors for measuring various physical quantities in systems for monitoring and controlling objects in various fields of activity, for example, in robotics for assessing the state of nodes and assemblies of a robotic system, and external factors affecting it, affecting the performance of the system as a whole.

The modern development of automation tools requires an increase in the level of “intelligence” and the multifunctionality of sensors. One of the promising areas of development is the endowment of intelligent sensors with adaptive properties.

In accordance with GOST R 8.673 clause 3.4 [1], an adaptive sensor is a sensor, the parameters and / or algorithms of which during operation can vary depending on the signals contained in the converters. Namely:

- changing the parameters and / or algorithms of the sensor during operation is carried out in order to improve the accuracy and / or reliability of the measurement results;

- ensuring adaptation (adaptation) within the limits established in the technical conditions, to the range of variation of the measured value, to the rate of change of the measured quantity, to the influence of influencing factors, including interference, etc .;

- a change in the parameters and / or algorithms of the adaptive sensor operation may vary depending on external signals in addition to the signals of the transducers contained in the adaptive sensor.

The known method described in the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2300745, IPC G01L 9/04, bull. No. 16 dated 06/10/2007, “Device for measuring pressure” [2]. It consists in the fact that the pressure sensor has a computing device in the form of a microcontroller connected to an analog-to-digital converter, a read-only memory device and a digital interface, the output of which is the output of the sensor. The principle of operation of the device is based on the conversion of the pressure change of the measured medium into the change in the resistance of the strain gauge pressure transducer, voltage measurement in the measuring and supply diagonals of the converter, digital conversion of the measured voltages and comparison of the measured voltages. The device operates in modes of pressure measurement, calibration, correction of temporary zero drift and changes in the values of operational parameters. The operating mode of the device is set using the push-button (touch) elements of the control unit.

The disadvantage of this method and the pressure sensor based on it is that the method does not provide the possibility of implementing the functions of self-monitoring of the state, and also does not allow to remotely control the functioning of the sensor depending on the state of the environment and established requirements for the operating conditions of the sensor.

The known method described in patent 2126995 "Intelligent sensor powered by a current loop" [3], in which the intelligent sensor contains a microprocessor, a storage device, circuit elements for measuring an adjustable process parameter, a current control circuit, a power stabilization circuit configured to be selected power from the current loop and power supply with an adjustable voltage to the microprocessor, circuit elements for measuring the amplitude of the current flowing in the current loop between the maximum and minimum final values in a predetermined ratio with the measured value of the process parameter, and the sensitive circuit with which the smart sensor, when a deficiency of the total power requirement of the microprocessor and the mentioned circuit elements is detected, generates a signal (XIRQ) to control the microprocessor in order to delay further execution of the stored programs for a time sufficient to limit the total demand for power with the elimination of the specified deficit.

The disadvantage of this method is that there is no possibility of remote adaptive control of the functioning of the intelligent sensor.

The closest in technical essence to the proposed technical solution is the selected as a prototype method of measuring pressure and an intelligent pressure sensor based on it (patent 2515079, patent publication: 05/10/2014 "Method of measuring pressure and an intelligent pressure sensor based on it" [4], in which an intelligent pressure sensor based on a nano- and microelectromechanical system (NIMEMS) contains a bridge measuring circuit of strain gauges, a current source, three analog-to-digital converters, a computer a device, a read-only memory device and a digital interface, the computing device of the self-monitoring unit, the second, third and fourth inputs of which are connected to the first, second and third outputs of the unit for converting the ADC code to a numerical value of voltage, and the fifth input is connected to the fourth input of the self-monitoring computing device The claimed objective of the invention is to increase the reliability of the measurement result by introducing self-monitoring of the sensor and verification of the reliability of the pressure measurement by comparing the measured and calculated values of voltages between a feed node and each of the diagonal components of the measuring diagonal.

The disadvantage of the prototype is that this method does not allow to measure and evaluate the measured values of various physical quantities at the same time, and also does not provide remote adaptive control of the functioning of the smart sensor.

The task of the invention is to expand the functionality of an intelligent sensor by introducing:

- a part of its measurement of the additional sensors for measuring different physical quantities assigned to each sensor a unique digital identity code, the use of a unified adapter for installation and connection of more than 2 ^x sensors;

- in the computational part of additional rules and procedures for obtaining and processing measurement information, as well as implementing remote adaptive changes in the composition, content of procedures for processing the measured values of heterogeneous physical quantities.

The technical result is achieved by introducing new elements into the prototype, and in a known way, new procedures and changing the order of actions, namely:

into the measuring part of the multisensor intelligent sensor (MSID) enter:

- a device for storing a unique digital identifier code in the design of each sensor for further harmonization of measurement information processing procedures;

- an adapter including:

a) unified sockets, providing installation and connection of more than two sensors at the same time for measuring the values of heterogeneous / homogeneous physical quantities;

b) an information interface that provides the transmission of measurement information from the output of each sensor to the input of the transformation module simultaneously with its digital identifier code;

c) the module of transformations of the values of physical quantities received from the sensors into the required form.

A reprogrammable computational module is introduced into the computing part of the MSID, including a database, a rule base, and a data interpretation module.

Into the ICID database enter:

- rules for conducting self-monitoring and evaluating the performance of the MSID;

- for each connected sensor, the boundaries of the intervals of admissible values of the measured physical quantity;

- a code for digital identification of the sensor in order to organize targeted information interaction with other MSID modules.

The following is introduced into the ICID rules base:

- rules including procedures for interpreting a measurement assignment;

- rules and procedures for assessing the actual values of the totality of the measured physical quantities, for example: assessing the totality of the measurements made by determining the average value of the set of measured values of the physical quantity for the measurement period [5]:

- фактическое (оцененное) значение физической величины;Where

- the actual (estimated) value of the physical quantity;

y _j is the measured value of a physical quantity;

N is the number of measurements over the measurement period;

- rules for comparing the actual (estimated) value of the measured values and the values of the boundaries of the allowable interval of changes in the measured physical quantity for compliance, for example:

нижнее значение границы допустимого интервала изменений измеряемой физической величины;where -

the lower value of the boundary of the permissible interval of changes in the measured physical quantity;

верхнее значение границы допустимого интервала изменений измеряемой физической величины;-

the upper value of the boundary of the permissible interval of changes in the measured physical quantity;

- rules for forming dimensionless parameters δ _j mismatch of actual and permissible values of j ^th physical quantity [6]:

where δ _j = 1 is a dimensionless indicator of the correspondence of the actual value of the physical quantity to the specified values of the established tolerance limits;

- безразмерный показатель несоответствия фактического значения измеренной физической величины верхнему значению установленных границ допуска;

- a non-dimensional indicator of the discrepancy between the actual value of the measured physical quantity and the upper value of the established tolerance limits;

- безразмерный показатель несоответствия фактического значения измеренной физической величины нижнему значению установленных границ допуска;

- dimensionless indicator of mismatch of the actual value of the measured physical quantity to the lower value of the established tolerance limits;

- the rules for reporting messages on the measurement results in the form of a matrix δ of dimensionless indicators of compliance (mismatch) of the estimated and acceptable values of the totality of the measured physical quantities;

- introduce rules for remote changes in the composition and content of the database and the rule base.

A satellite navigation system receiver is introduced into the MSID to receive navigation signals in order to determine the location of the smart sensor in the event of its remote autonomous functioning, as well as to temporarily synchronize information exchange between the MSID and peripheral devices.

In FIG. 1 shows a multi-touch smart sensor,

Where

1/1 - 1 / N - heterogeneous physical quantities acting on the sensors;

2/1 - 2 / N - connected sensors (sensitive elements);

3/1 - 3 / N - device for digital identification of sensors;

4/1 - 4 / N - information containing digital codes of sensor identifiers;

5/1 - 5 / N - data on the values of the physical quantities measured by the sensors;

6 - unified sockets for connecting sensors;

7 - adapter;

8 - conversion module;

9 - archiving module;

10 - reprogrammable computing module;

11 - database;

12 - the rule base;

13 - data interpretation module;

14 - data bus;

15 - receiver of a satellite navigation system;

16 - input-output module;

17 - GSM / GPRS terminal;

18 - USB converter;

19 - Wi-Fi converter;

20 - Ethernet converter;

21 - RS 485 converter;

22 - Converter optical fiber communication line (FOCL);

23 - power supply module;

24 - antenna satellite navigation system;

25 - GSM / GPRS antenna;

26 - port / USB connector;

27 - Wi-Fi antenna;

28 - port / RJ45 connector;

29 - port / connector RS 485;

30 - port / connector optical;

31 - connector for connecting an external power source.

In accordance with the claimed method, before starting measurements, the following operations are performed:

- determine the number of physical quantities required for the measurement, the number of sensors required for the measurement, form a measurement task, connect the sensors 2 / 1-2 / N to the standardized sockets 6 of the adapter 7, address the sensors involved in solving the problems;

- enter the numbers 11 of the measured physical quantities 1 / 1-1 / N, the digital identifier code of each connected sensor 3 / 1-3 / N, the values of the established tolerance limits of the measured physical quantities into the database 11 of the reprogrammable computing module 10;

- enter into the base of rules 12 reprogrammable computing module 10, the task for the measurements, the contents of which include: the set of physical quantities required for the measurements, the rules and procedures for evaluating the measured values, the rules for the formation of dimensionless indicators of compliance / non-compliance of the estimates with the established values of the boundaries of the intervals, the rules the formation and presentation of a message about the measurement results in the form of a matrix of dimensionless conformance indicators, interpretation rules in mod le interpretation of the data matrix 13 job changes in the composition and content of the rules of evaluation of the measured values, rules, remote changes in the composition and contents of the database 11 and the base 12 of the rules, the rules of control signals.

During the operation of the MSID, the connected sensors 2 / 1-2 / N are polled in accordance with the order established in the task, from the outputs of the sensors 2 / 1-2 / N receive measurement information 5 / 1-5 / N and transmit it to the information input converter 8 of adapter 7 with digital identifier codes 4 / 1-4 / N, convert the received information into the required form, and from the output of converter 8, the converted data with sensor identifier codes is transmitted to the input of the data interpretation module 13 via the data bus 14, where they evaluate measuring the measured values of physical quantities, compare the actual (estimated) values with acceptable values, calculate the values of dimensionless compliance indicators (inconsistencies) to established standards, form a matrix of dimensionless compliance indicators, in whose elements dimensionless values of calculated indicators are placed, form commands and control signals to peripheral devices.

Using the antenna of the satellite navigation system 25 of the receiver of the satellite navigation system 15, navigation signals are received, transmitted via the data bus 14 to the reprogrammable computing module 10 in order to temporarily synchronize information exchange between the MSID and peripheral devices.

The measurement results in the form of a matrix of dimensionless conformance indicators from the output of the data interpretation module 13 via the data bus 14 are transmitted to the input of the archiving module 9 for archiving the measurement results and generated messages and control signals, as well as to the input of the input-output module of information messages 16.

In the input-output module 16, an information message about the measurement results is converted and transmitted to the peripheral devices indicated in the task via the corresponding communication channels:

- GSM / GPRS 17 converter and antenna 26;

- USB 18 converter and port-connector 27;

- a Wi-Fi converter 19 and its corresponding antenna 28;

- Ethernet converter 20 and port-connector 29;

- RS 485 21 converter and port-connector 30;

- Converter optical fiber communication lines (FOCL) 22 and port connector 31.

During the operation of the ISID, on the basis of a comprehensive analysis of the obtained measurement results of the totality of physical quantities, including those characterizing the state of the ISID itself, as well as if it is necessary to adapt the functionality of the ISID to the occurring changes in the internal and external factors of influence, the task for taking measurements and assessing the compliance of actual values of the set of physical quantities given. In accordance with the situation that has arisen, a new task matrix is being formed to change the composition of the sensors involved in the measurements, the content of the processing of the measured values and the formation of messages and control signals by the state of the MSID. The newly formed task matrix remotely through the corresponding port converters 17-22 ports-connectors 26, 28, 29 and 30 or antenna devices 25 and 27, is inserted into the input-output module 16 and transmitted via data bus 14 to the archiving module 9 for archiving the received the modified task, as well as to the data interpretation module 13 of the reprogrammable computing module 10. In the data interpretation module 13, the obtained task matrix is decrypted in accordance with the rules introduced in the rule base 12, the composition of act of measurement sensors and the content of the measured values of the processing procedures, the formation of messages and control signals state Msida.

Then carry out a survey of the connected sensors 2 / 1-2 / N in accordance with the order established in the new received task.

The power supply module 23 provides energy supply to all elements of the MSID both in the mode of connection to standard household electric networks through the external power supply 32 and the autonomous power supply due to the built-in accumulators 24, which ensure the functioning of all MSID systems for the required period of time.

In contrast to the prototype, the proposed method and MSID allow to carry out:

- simultaneous measurement by a multisensor intelligent sensor of heterogeneous / homogeneous physical quantities by sensors determined by the task for taking measurements on a given time interval;

- assessment of the values of the set of measured physical quantities in accordance with the task, forming a matrix of dimensionless indicators of compliance of the set of values of the measured heterogeneous physical quantities with established standards;

- interpretation of the resulting matrix of dimensionless compliance indicators for the formation in accordance with the task of messages containing commands and control signals for peripheral devices;

- information exchange between a multisensor smart sensor with peripheral devices and other means of automation specified in the task through the input-output module via communication channels in the specified format in order to transmit measurement results and obtain a task matrix for changing the composition and content of the processing of measured values and generating messages , commands and control signals.

Thus, the set of essential features of the proposed method for measuring heterogeneous physical quantities exhibits new properties of the method, namely, that multi-sensor sensors provide the ability to quickly and purposefully vary the number of measured heterogeneous physical quantities and the number of measurements, quickly make the required measurements and evaluate the totality of the measurement information, according to the results of evaluation, generate control signals for peripheral devices, dis tantionally change the MSID tasks for taking measurements at the following time periods, generate messages on the measurement results in the form of a matrix of dimensionless indicators of compliance / mismatch of the actual values of physical quantities with the specified tolerance limits, which ensures a reduction in the amount of information transmitted and the information is closed from unauthorized access.

These properties significantly expand the functionality of MSID and a method for measuring heterogeneous physical quantities with its help.

The analysis of the prior art made it possible to establish that analogues, characterized by a set of features identical to all the features of the proposed technical solution, are absent.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

1. GOST R 8.673-2009 "Intelligent sensors and intelligent measuring systems", paragraph 3.4.

2. Patent for invention, Russia, No. 2300745, IPC G01L 9/04, 2007.

3. Patent for invention, Russia, No. 2126995, IPC G08C 19/02, 1999.

4. Patent for invention, Russia, No. 2515079 dated 05/10/2014.

5. GOST R 50779.21-2004. Statistical methods. Definition rules and methods for calculating statistical characteristics from sample data. Part 1. Normal distribution.

6. Patent for invention, Russia No. 2574083 dated 03/06/2014.

EXAMPLE OF IMPLEMENTATION OF THE METHOD

To assess the state of the housing and communal services object, the operation service uses a multi-sensor intelligent sensor.

Before the start of the measurements, a task for the measurement is formed, namely:

1) determine the type and quantity required for measuring the values of physical quantities 1 / 1-1 / 11:

- 1/1 - voltage of incoming electricity at the input to the switchboard facility;

- 1/2 - the temperature of the hot water entering the input of the heat point;

- 1/3 - pressure of hot water supplied to the input of the heat point;

- 1/4 - temperature of the pump housing of the booster pump of the heating system of the facility;

- 1/5 - air temperature in the heat exchanger of the supply ventilation system;

- 1/6 - air temperature in the facility;

- 1/7 - humidity in the facility;

- 1/8 - concentration of CO ₂ in the premises of the object;

- 1/9 - pressure in the supply ventilation system;

2) connect the required sensors 2 / 1-2 / 9 to the unified sockets 6 of adapter 7 and their addressing;

3) enter into the database 11 reprogrammable computing module 10 through the interface:

- numbers of measured physical quantities 1 / 1-1 / 9;

- code of digital identifier of each connected sensor 3 / 1-3 / 9;

- the values of the boundaries of the intervals of permissible values of the measured physical quantities 1 / 1-1 / 9, for example: the value 1/6 (air temperature in the room) should not be lower than 16 ° C and not higher than 22 ° C, the value 1/7 (humidity in indoors) should not be lower than 40% and not higher than 85%, 1/8 (CO ₂ concentration in the room) should not be higher than 800 ppm (0.08%), etc .;

8) the generated rules and procedures are entered into the rule base 12 of the reprogrammable computing module 10 via the interface, as well as the interpretation rules in the data interpretation module 13 of the task matrix for changing the composition and content of the rules for evaluating the measured values, the rules for remote changing the composition and content of the database 11 and base rules 12, the rules for the formation of control signals;

9) in the process of functioning, they form and enter into the rule base 12 a task for taking measurements for the time period T1, for example:

- measure the physical quantity 1/6 with a 2/6 sensor;

- measure the physical quantity 1/8 with a 2/8 sensor;

- measure the physical quantity 1/7 with a 2/7 sensor;

10) carry out a survey of connected sensors 2/6, 2/7 and 2/8;

11) in the converter 8 of adapter 7, the measurement information 5/6, 5/7 and 5/8 is converted into the required digital code, the measurement information is linked to the digital identifiers of the corresponding sensors 5/6 + 4/6, 5/7 + 4/7 and 5/8 + 4/8, transmit the converted information from the output of the converter 8 via the data bus 14 to the input of the data interpretation module 13;

12) in the data interpretation module 13, the following operations are performed (an example for a physical quantity 1/6 is the air temperature in an object’s room):

- evaluate the values of the measured physical quantities:

и значения границ допустимого интервала физической величины 1/6 по правилу

, где в соответствии с заданными интервалами

а

16≤20,56≤22;- compare the actual (estimated) value of the measured values

and the values of the boundaries of the allowable interval of the physical quantity 1/6 according to the rule

where, in accordance with the specified intervals

but

16≤20.56≤22;

по правилу- form a dimensionless indicator of compliance with the actual and permissible values of the physical quantity 1/6

by rule

соответственно при 16≤20,56≤22

respectively, at 16≤20.56≤22

- form a message with the results of measurements of a given set of physical quantities in the form of a matrix of dimensionless indicators of conformity (mismatch) to the values of the boundaries of the specified allowable intervals, for example:

this means that the physical quantities 1/6 (room temperature) and 1/7 (room humidity) are within the tolerance limits during the measurement period, and the average value of the physical parameter is 1/8 (CO ₂ concentration in the room) for the measurement period exceeded the upper tolerance limit and amounted to 984 ppm, instead of the permissible 800 ppm. The measurement results in the form of a formed matrix of dimensionless compliance indicators:

- interpreted in the data interpretation module 13 in order to form a control action on the peripheral devices, for example: a signal is automatically issued to turn on the ventilation system of the room;

- transmit from the output of the data interpretation module 13 via the data bus 14 to the input of the input-output module of information messages 16.

In the input-output module 16, an information message about the measurement results is converted and transmitted to the peripheral devices indicated in the task via the corresponding communication channels.

In accordance with the situation that has arisen, a new task matrix is being formed to change the composition of the sensors involved in the measurements, the content of the processing of the measured values and the generation of messages and control signals by the state of the MSID. The newly formed task matrix is remotely input via the communication channels to the input / output module 16 and transmitted via the data bus 14 to the archiving module 9 to archive the received modified task, as well as to the data interpretation module 13 of the reprogrammable computing module 10. In the data interpretation module 13 the resulting task matrix is interpreted in accordance with the rules introduced in the rule base 12, the composition of the sensors involved in the measurements and the content of the processing procedures are measured x values and the formation of messages and control signals by the state of the MSID.

Then carry out a survey of the connected sensors 2 / 1-2 / N in accordance with the order established in the new received task.

Claims (1)

A method of measuring a physical quantity using an intelligent sensor containing a direct current source connected to supply diagonals of a bridge measuring circuit, a bridge measuring circuit of four strain gauges connected to analog-to-digital converters, outputting the measured values via a digital interface to a read-only memory and computing device, where in the measurement mode simultaneously record the voltage values between the nodes of the supply diagonals of the bridge measuring circuit and calculate the voltage values between the nodes based on the values of the measured voltage values and the stored calibration data in the read-only memory at the sensor calibration stage, determine the difference between the calculated and measured voltage values between the nodes and decide on the unreliability of the pressure measurement result, if the difference exceeds the value stability criterion, characterized in that for measuring heterogeneous and / or homogeneous physical quantities in the composition of multisensory intelligence At least two sensors, the functioning of which is based on the same or different physical principles of operation, are introduced into the sensor, into the design of which a device for storing a unique digital identifier code is introduced for further address interaction between the modules; an adapter that includes standardized locations for installing and connecting sensors and a conversion module; reprogrammable computing module, including a database, a rule base and a data interpretation module; an information input-output module, including information converters in accordance with the required data exchange protocols and corresponding input-output port connectors through which the monitoring results are transmitted and, during operation, the task matrix for changing the composition and content of the processing procedures of the measured values and formation of messages, commands and control signals; a satellite navigation system receiver for receiving navigation signals to determine the location of the smart sensor, as well as for temporarily synchronizing information exchange between the multisensor smart sensor and peripheral devices; data archiving module; power supply module; a data exchange interface by which, before starting measurements, the boundaries of the intervals of admissible values of the measured physical quantity are introduced for each sensor into the database of the sensor, the rules base are entered into the rule base, including the procedures for interpreting the measurement task and evaluating the measured values of the set of physical quantities, the formation procedure the values of indicators of compliance of the measured physical quantities with the established standards, the procedures for the formation of the matrix of bezra measured indicators of compliance with the actual and specified values of the measured physical quantities, the formation of commands and control signals, the rules for changing the composition and content of procedures for evaluating the measured values, the rules for remote changing the composition and contents of the database and the rule base if necessary to respond to changes in internal and external operating conditions multisensory intelligent sensor, after which, in the process of functioning of the multisensory intelligent sensor, they interrogate the connected sensors in accordance with the procedure established in the task, convert the values of physical quantities received from the sensors into the required form, and transfer the converted measured data to a reprogrammable computing module, where the values of the measured physical quantities are estimated, the actual (estimated) values are compared with acceptable values , calculate the values of dimensionless indicators of compliance (non-compliance) with established standards, form from dimensionless indicators match the matrix, form the commands and control signals, place the generated matrix of dimensionless indicators and control signals in the message, which is then transmitted through the input-output module via communication channels to the peripheral devices and other automation means specified in the task.

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