RU2297872C1 - Device for purification of the air - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: devices for purification of the air.

SUBSTANCE: the invention is pertaining to the air- purification devices, in particular, to the devices for purification of the air from the powder-like particles of the transported air of the pneumatic transportation installations. The device contains: the body with the hopper; the branch-pipes for the contaminated air feeding in and the withdrawal of the purified air; the filtering component and the gear for its regeneration, which is located on the filtration component and is made in the form of the feed screw. The filtration component is made in the form of the in parallel strained strings. The feeding screw is mounted on the driving shaft with the help of the helical springs coaxially arranged on it. Each spring on end is consolidated on the shaft, and other end - on the cylindrical shell of the feed screw. The feed screw is supplied with tool of the reciprocal relocation, which has been made in the form of the step and the roller with the adjustable stop. The stop is mounted on the frame of the bearing support with the capability of the periodical interaction of the roller with the cam, which is consolidated on the support component of the feed screw. The technical result of the invention is improvement of the operational and technical characteristics of the device for purification of the air.

EFFECT: the invention ensures the improved operational and technical characteristics of the device for purification of the air.

6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to air-cleaning devices, in particular to devices for cleaning dust particles of conveying air from pneumatic conveying installations.

Known filter elements made in the form of a wire wound on a frame that is made in the form of a hollow cylinder (ed. Certificate of the USSR No. 455739, class B01D 25/10, 1972).

The disadvantage of this device is the gradual clogging by dust particles of the working surface of the filter element during operation, and cleaning is possible after termination of operation.

A device for air purification is also known, including a housing with a hopper, a filter element installed in the housing and a mechanism for its regeneration connected to the filter element (German patent No. 1607722, class B01D 46/44, 1974).

The disadvantage of this device is the uneven cleaning of the filter element from dust deposited on its surface, since the regeneration mechanism does not provide a uniform shaking pulse over the entire filter surface and, in addition, the shock load contributes to the rapid failure of structural elements.

A device for air purification is known, including a housing with a hopper, a filter element mounted in the housing and a mechanism for its regeneration connected to the filter element, the regeneration mechanism being placed on the filter element and made in the form of a screw fixed to the drive shaft, and the filter element is made in the form strings (ed. certificate of the USSR No. 741914, class B01D 46/42, 1976).

However, in such a device, with the symmetry of the deflection of the strings of the filter element relative to the longitudinal axis of the screw, the structure of the air flow is stationary in nature, which is not the best possible condition for high-quality cleaning of dusty air particles during pneumatic transportation.

The closest to the invention in technical essence and the achieved result is an air purification device comprising a housing with a hopper, a filter element mounted in the housing, and a regeneration mechanism connected to the filter element, the regeneration mechanism being placed on the filter element and made in the form of a fixed on the drive shaft of the screw, and the filter element is made in the form of strings, the screw is mounted on the drive shaft by coaxially arranged coil springs, one ends of which s are fixed respectively on the drive shaft, and others on the cylindrical shell of the auger, and the drive with the adaptation of the message to the auger forced oscillations (Utility model RU No. 29861, class B01D 46/42, 2002).

The presence of an elastic connection between the screw and the drive shaft provides vibration-active vibrational movement of the screw and the force field of the influence of its spiral turns on the surface of the filter element and, therefore, a sufficiently satisfactory cleaning of air from dusty particles of the material during pneumatic transportation.

However, in this circuit-constructive solution of the device, the intensity of the phase oscillations of the screw is relatively small, while the mechanism of axial movement of the screw does not allow to establish the required average guaranteed amplitude of oscillations, optimal for this type of transported material.

The problem to which the invention is directed is to increase the operational and technological characteristics of the device for air purification by ensuring guaranteed oscillations of the screw and adjusting their installation parameters.

This object is achieved in that in the device for air purification, comprising a housing with a hopper, a filter element mounted in the housing and a regeneration mechanism connected to the filter element, the regeneration mechanism being placed on the filter element and made in the form of a screw fixed to the drive shaft and the filter element is made in the form of strings, the screw is mounted on the drive shaft by coaxially arranged coil springs, one ends of which are mounted respectively on the drive shaft, others on the cylindrical shell of the screw, and a drive with a communication device for the forced vibration screw, according to the invention, the communication device for the forced vibration screw is made in the form of a stepped cam and an adjustable stop, the latter being mounted on the bearing frame with the possibility of periodic interaction with the cam, which is fixed at the end supporting element of the cylindrical shell of the screw.

Figure 1 shows the proposed device, a General view; figure 2 is a section aa in figure 1; figure 3 is a section bB in figure 2; figure 4 is a view In figure 2 (a sequence diagram of the kinematic interaction of the step cam with focus - a, b, c, d); figure 5 is the same (design of a kinematic pair of cam - emphasis); in Fig.6 is a view of G in Fig.5.

The device consists of a housing 1 with a hopper 2, nozzles 3 and 4, respectively, of the inlet of polluted and the outlet of purified air, a filter element 5, overlapping the cross section of the housing between the inlet and outlet nozzles. The filter element is made in the form of parallel stretched strings on the frame 6, which is fixed in the walls of the housing. A regeneration mechanism is installed on the filtering element in the support bearing units, made in the form of a drive shaft 7 with a screw 8 placed on it. Moreover, a shaft with a screw is mounted on the filtering element so that the outer diameter of the screw drives the strings down a certain amount.

The screw 8 is mounted on the drive shaft 7 with the possibility of angular and axial movements relative to the shaft 7 by means of multidirectional cylindrical helical coil springs 9 of tension — compression, the inner ends of which are fixed on the supporting sleeves 10 mounted on the shaft 7 by means of a sliding key-groove joint »With the ability to move along it. The outer ends of the springs 9 are rigidly fixed by means of connecting elements 11 on the cylindrical shell of the screw 8, freely covering the drive shaft 7.

On the supporting element 12 of the cylindrical shell of the screw 8, a step cam 13 is strengthened (Figs. 4 and 5), the working surface 14 of which has sections of rise and a sharp break. When the screw rotates, the cam 13 periodically is in kinematic interaction with the roller 15 of the screw stop 16, located in the threaded support 17, mounted on the frame of the bearing support of the device.

An unloading device 18 is installed in the hopper, made, for example, in the form of a check valve.

A device for air purification works as follows.

In the operating mode of air purification, the rotation of the shaft 7 with the screw 8 mounted on it is carried out from the drive gear 19. With one revolution of the rotating shaft, each of the tensioned strings is once pressed down from the plane of the common row when the corresponding line of the screw surface of the screw 8 runs up. The thickness and pitch of the screw surface of the screw 8 determines the number of pressed strings, and the rotation frequency determines their vibration frequency, respectively. Thus, the filter element 5 acquires a wave-like motion.

The step cam 13, rotating together with the screw 8, with its inclined working surface 14 comes into contact with the roller 15 of the fixed screw stop 16. In this case, the initial clearance S between the roller 15 (Fig. 4a) and the end face of the screw support element 12 begins to increase and reaches its the maximum value (C + S, Fig. 4c) at the moment preceding the descent of the cam 13 from the roller 15. This is due to the fact that the roller 15 of the fixed stop 16, rolling over the inclined section 14 of the cam 13, squeezes it together with the screw 8, free traveling along the drive shaft 7 (in the direction of the arrow K) to the left (figb, c). In this case, the left spring 9 undergoes compression deformation, and the right one under tension. At the same time, both springs 9 are twisted (in the contact section of the kinematic pair, cam 13 - stop 16) by an angle α (Fig. 3) with continuous rotation of the screw 8.

This phase twisting is due to the appearance in the area of power contact of the roller 15 with the surface 14 of the cam 13 of the normal pressure force N (Fig. 5), which is geometrically interpreted into the axial P and tangential T power components. The axial component P, deforming the springs 9 (compressing) along the shaft 7, simultaneously moves the screw 8 in the same direction (arrow K, fig. 4b, c), and the tangential force component T helps to twist both springs 9 by the aforementioned angle α.

When the rotating cam 13 rolls off the roller 15 of the fixed stop 16 (Figs. 4c, 4d), the excited (deformed in the axial and phase directions) springs 9 are released from the forces T and P.

The excited (deformed) elastic elements 9, free of the indicated force effects, begin to oscillate sharply, high-frequency in the axial (with amplitude ± Δ, Fig. 4d) and phase (with amplitude ± α) directions, leading to the corresponding sharp and high-frequency oscillatory movements of the screw 8 relative to the shaft 7. Thus, continuously rotating together with the drive shaft 7, the screw 8 performs axial ± Δ and phase (amplitude angular ± α, as well as arc - linear ± e, Fig.4d) oscillations. At the same time, the self-oscillating process of the screw is undamped, since for each complete revolution, the forced excitation of the springs is repeated according to the specified scheme.

The complex spatial trajectories of the oscillatory movements of the screw, pulsating forces and the geometric conditions of contact of its helical surface with the filter element, in turn, form a wide range of string vibrations, the bending waves of which are characterized by large variations in the amplitudes and frequencies of these vibrations, and their rapid changes. Contaminated air supplied to the inlet pipe 3 passes through the filter element 5, is cleaned due to repeated changes in the direction of air flow. With a cyclically repeating process of auger movement, multiple changes in the shape and wave front of the filtering surface in a short period of time create additional pulsating air flow rates and air pressure, which contributes to a more efficient and high-quality operation of dusty air cleaning. Purified air leaves the housing through the outlet 4. The particles deposited in the hopper 2 can be discharged by any known method, periodically, as they accumulate, when the check valve 18 is opened.

The vibrational-vibrational process of the screw movement is spontaneous (without the presence of any special energy drives) in nature with adjustable initial amplitudes (Δ and α) of the vibrations. The adjustment is carried out by preloading or loosening the springs 9 and installing the screw stop 16 in relation to the cam 13 (by changing the initial clearance S between the roller 15 and the end face of the auger support element 12). Depending on the speed of rotation and the diameter of the screw, it is possible to install diametrically opposite on the supporting element 12 of the screw, for example, two step cams 13 to ensure guaranteed average oscillation amplitudes.

Sharp (especially phase) vibrations of the screw, in turn, provide the corresponding high active mobility of its spiral turns in the contact zone with the filter surface, and therefore, good self-cleaning of the strings from particles of material strongly adhered to them.

The proposed solution is simple in design and when used improves the operational and technological characteristics of the device for air purification.

Claims (1)

A device for air purification, comprising a housing with a hopper, a filter element mounted in the housing and a mechanism for its regeneration connected to the filter element, the regeneration mechanism being placed on the filter element and made in the form of a screw fixed to the drive shaft, and the filter element made in the form of strings , the screw is mounted on the drive shaft by coaxially arranged coil springs, some ends of which are mounted respectively on the drive shaft, and others on the cylindrical shell of the screw, and a drive with a communication device screw forced oscillations, characterized in that the communication device screw forced vibrations made in the form of a stepped cam and adjustable stop, the latter is mounted on the frame of the bearing support with the possibility of periodic interaction with the cam, which is mounted on the end of the supporting element of the cylindrical shell of the screw .

Images