JPH03140383A - Inorganic heat-and hot water-resistant adhesive - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain the subject novel general-purpose adhesive, composed of water glass and an inorganic additive, having powerful bonding strength for metal, stone, earthenware board, cement and further wood, expanded resin, etc., and excellent in fire and water resistance without emitting toxic gases. CONSTITUTION:The objective adhesive obtained by blending, as necessary, (C) mica-based powder as a heat-resistant agent and (D) a curing agent such as a silicofluoride, phosphate, sulfate or borate with (A) water glass and (B) an inorganic additive composed of white carbon such as Fineflex(R), e.g. Fineflex(R) bulk fiber or Fineflex(R) middle fiber, or Carplex(R), asbestos powder, etc.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to an adhesive, and more particularly to a novel inorganic adhesive.

The adhesive according to the present invention can be widely used for bonding metals, stone, ceramic plates, cement, wood, foamed resins, etc., and is versatile and has strong adhesive strength.

Furthermore, since the adhesive according to the present invention is inorganic, it has fire resistance and
It has excellent water resistance and does not emit toxic gases, so it can be widely used for adhering various building materials, boxes for valuables, and other adhesives.

(Prior art) Conventionally, inorganic adhesives mainly made of water glass or portland cement have been known. Paste-like products have been used in which approximately the same amount or more of water has been added (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 60-161
380, Japanese Patent Publication No. 61-98846). For this reason, it takes time to dry and harden, which has a major drawback in that the production process is interrupted. In addition, conventional adhesives do not have sufficient adhesive strength; for example, the aggregate and adhesive must be placed in a mold and heated to about 50°C to 100°C for a certain period of time to harden and dry, or left at room temperature for several days. It required curing and drying. Also, when moisture is removed.

This had the disadvantage that the molded product would shrink and deform.

Therefore, in order to improve these shortcomings, fast-acting organic adhesives have been developed, and a technique has been proposed for bonding and molding, for example, inorganic light aggregate using this adhesive (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 1983-1993).
140357), cannot be said to be the best in terms of fire resistance and combustion gas generation.

In addition, conventional inorganic adhesives that can bond wood strongly and quickly are not known, and general-purpose strong inorganic adhesives that can bond dissimilar materials strongly and quickly are not known. It has not been done.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) The present invention is a completely new type of adhesive that can bond various materials including wood strongly and quickly, not only between the same species but also between different species, and which is highly safe. This was done for the purpose of developing adhesives.

(Means for Solving the Problems) As a result of examining various aspects in order to solve the above objectives and develop an excellent adhesive, water glass was adopted as the main component of the adhesive.

We then screened the ingredients to be added to this product, and also considered the range of their formulation.

We also focused on the use of curing agents as a means of achieving strong adhesion in a short time and also as a means of imparting water resistance, determined the selection and blending range of hardening agents, and investigated two-component adhesives. I also went there. Furthermore, materials that can be bonded and suitable bonding methods were also studied, and as a result of these comprehensive studies, the present invention was completed.

That is, the present invention provides a one-component adhesive that uses water glass as an essential component, contains inorganic additives, and further contains a heat resistant agent if necessary, and further contains a curing agent. The main point is the two-component adhesive.

Although water glass (sodium silicate) is the main component of the adhesive according to the present invention, in practice Na, 0・n5jo□・
A JIS standard product commercially available as a concentrated aqueous solution of hydrated sodium silicate represented by xi(, O) can be advantageously used.

Inorganic additives added to water glass include kaolin,
Talc, calcium carbonate, white clay powder.

Examples include fly ash, which has the effect of adjusting strength after solidification.

In addition, viscosity modifiers that also have the effect of controlling viscosity can be added, such as fine flex such as fine flex bulk fiber and fine flex middle fiber, and white carbon such as carplex.

Examples include asbestos powder.

Furthermore, mica-based powder can be added to these formulations to impart heat resistance (fire resistance) and maintain strength. If mica is not added, water glass will melt due to heat or flame and will no longer function as an adhesive6.
As a mica-based powder.

In addition to mica, powders of muscovite, biotite, and illite isoseismic minerals are widely used.

The basic formulation examples of the adhesive according to the present invention are as follows, but this is merely for illustration purposes, and the combinations of each component and their usage are limited to the following 75 formulation examples. You can choose freely and widely.

Basic formulation example 1 Water glass (sodium silicate) I Q
(1400g) Fly ash
150-250g.

Kaolin 100-15
0g Shirakami raw stone powder 100~
150g fine flex middle fiber 50
~100g.

White carbon 40~sog
Basic blending example 2 Basic blending example 1 Mica powder 200-300
g Asbestos powder 10-15
gSodium tetrapolyphosphate 50-10
0g Basic formulation example 3 Water glass (No. 3) l Q
(1400g) Mica-based powder
150-200g kaolin
150-200ζ talc
100-1.50g calcium carbonate
150-200g Fine Flex Bulk Fiber 50-150g Carplex (White Carbon) 40-60g Basic Formulation Example 4 Water Glass (No. 3) IQ (
1400g) fly ash
200-300g mica powder
150-200g white clay powder
150-200g kaolin
150-200g talc
100-150g asbestos powder
5 to log Carplex (white carbon) 40 to 50 g The adhesive, which weighs 50 g in total, can be produced by mixing each component with reference to the above basic formulation example, stirring and kneading, and preferably defoaming. Since the preparation itself is not particularly difficult, the adhesive can be manufactured industrially with great ease even when it is prepared on-site at the time of use.

Although this adhesive can be stored for a long period of one year or more without solidifying in most formulations when stored in a container as a one-component adhesive without a hardening agent, It has the outstanding feature of being adhesively solidified in just a few hours if overused, so it is particularly suitable as an industrial adhesive.

Also, depending on the formulation, even if it is a one-component product, the above may not have any preservability.In such cases, it is preferable to prepare the product immediately before use, but it will still maintain its fluidity for about 4 to 5 hours after mixing. Since it is possible to mix it in advance 4 to 5 hours before application, there is no problem in industrial use. However, when a curing agent is added as described below, the fluidity may decrease after about 2 to 3 hours, so care must be taken.

This adhesive may be prepared as a one-component adhesive using only the above components, but it may also be prepared as a 214N adhesive by adding a curing agent to impart water resistance and shorten the curing time. can. As the hardening agent, known water glass hardening agents such as silicofluoride salts such as sodium silicofluoride, phosphates such as magnesium phosphate, and borates such as sodium borate are appropriately used. The blending ratio thereof is about 1 to 20%, preferably about 5 to 10% of the adhesive. The hardening agent is mixed well with the adhesive and stirred before use, but there is no need to rush the work as it will not harden for about an hour at fift temperature.

In addition to the above, the adhesive of the present invention includes various polyphosphates, trisodium phosphate, di-1-lium phosphate, sodium phosphate, sodium metaborate, potassium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, ammonium sulfate, and silicic acid. Calcium, titanium oxide, and zirconium can also be blended, and, for example, the water resistance and whitening of the cured product can be improved.

The adhesive according to the present invention is unique in that it not only has a strong adhesive force, but also can bond various materials and materials, and is extremely versatile. The adhesive according to the present invention can, for example, strongly bond the following materials of the same kind or different kinds: metals, wood, stone, cements, ceramic boards, paper and pulp products, foamed polystyrene sheets, various kinds of materials. (Foamed) synthetic resin, lightweight aggregate, etc.

In particular, although the adhesive according to the present invention is inorganic, it is very superior and unique in that it can also bond organic materials such as wood and synthetic resins.

The adhesive according to the present invention can be applied to a surface, dots, or sections as appropriate by coating, spraying, or other known methods. In addition, this adhesive can be used not only for adhering plates to each other and plates to walls, but also for adhesion of lightweight aggregate particles, adhesion of the above-mentioned lightweight aggregate molded bodies to building material plates, and for adhesion of lightweight aggregates mixed with adhesive. It can be widely used for simultaneous molding of composite plates by applying synthetic resin particles and other building materials to plates, and as an adhesive for other ordinary crafts and household use.

Adhesion is completed in only about 4 to 5 hours after application of the adhesive, but when a curing agent is used in combination, adhesion is fully completed in about 2 to 3 hours. In addition, in the bonding process, by applying heat and/or pressure, H1ll during bonding can be further shortened.
Adhesive strength is also strengthened.

Examples and application examples of the present invention will be described below.

Example 1 The following compositions were mixed, sufficiently kneaded, and defoamed to produce an adhesive.

Water glass (JIS No. 3 standard product) I
Q (1400g) Fly ash
200g kaolin
150g white clay powder
150g white carbon 5
0 g Example 2 To the composition of Example 1, 200 g of mica powder, 10 g of asbestos powder, and 50 g of sodium tetrapolyphosphate were further added, thoroughly kneaded, and defoamed to produce an adhesive.

Example 3 Adhesive liquid 300 obtained in Example above. 60 g of sodium silicofluoride as a hardening agent was added to the mixture and stirred to produce an adhesive.

The curing agent-containing adhesive thus obtained could be used at room temperature for one hour without solidifying.

Example 4 15 g of sodium borate as a hardening agent was added to 200 g of the adhesive solution obtained in Example 2 and thoroughly stirred to obtain an adhesive containing a hardening agent and having excellent fire resistance and water resistance.

Example 5 The following compositions were mixed, thoroughly kneaded, and defoamed to produce an adhesive.

Water glass (No. 3) l Q (
1400g) Mica-based powder 2
00g kaolin 200
g Talc 15 (
1g calcium carbonate 200g
Fineflex bulk fiber 150g Carplex (white carbon) 60g The obtained adhesive exhibited very high heat resistance with a heat resistance of 800 to 900°C, and also had good water resistance.

Example 6 The following compositions were mixed and thoroughly kneaded to produce an adhesive.

Water glass (No. 3') I Q
(1400g) Fly ash
300g mica powder 2
00g white clay powder 200
g Kaolin 200 g Talc 150 g Asbestos powder 10 g Carplex (white carbon) 50 g The obtained adhesive had particularly excellent heat resistance (800-900°C). When stored in a synthetic resin container, no change in properties was observed for one year. However, when this was applied onto the slate and another sheet of calcium silicate board was laminated and pressed, the two adhered completely and no change was observed in the adhesive strength.

Application example 1 Calcined vermiculite, calcined whitebait powder, and silica balloons that are fine-grained hollow glass spheres (all commercially available granular products)
While stirring each IQ in a ribbon-type mixer, the curing agent-containing adhesive obtained in Example 3 was gradually added thereto for 15 minutes at 10°C.
After mixing and stirring for a minute, a free-flowing mixture powder was obtained. Next, using the 5-movement pressure method, this powder was
The mixture was filled into a mold having a size of 20 cm x 20 cm so as to have a uniform thickness throughout the area, and pressure molded at a pressure of 1.0 kg/-.

This molded product was treated with infrared rays at 60° C. for 20 minutes to heat dry and harden it. During this period, no shrinkage or deformation of the molded product was observed.

This product has excellent fire resistance, water resistance, and physical properties.

It had sufficient ability to hold nails and wood screws, making it suitable for wall materials, etc. In addition, the above! Molded product (200x 200x
13II1m) had an apparent specific gravity of 0.7 after drying and curing.

Application Example 2 To the adhesive solution obtained in Example 2, 200 g of sodium silicofluoride and 35 g of magnesium sulfate were added as a curing agent and mixed to obtain an adhesive. This adhesive was gradually added to 600 g of a Shirasu balloon that was being stirred in a ribbon type mixer while cooling, and the mixture was mixed and stirred for about 3 minutes to obtain a smooth powder mixture.

On the other hand, a 3 cm thick wooden board was placed in a mold having a size of 20 cm x 20 cm, the above adhesive was applied on top of the board, and the powder obtained above was then pressed using a roll press machine to make the thickness as uniform as possible. Fill it from above so that it weighs 2.1kg/
Pressure molding was performed at a pressure of CD. When the pressure gauge reached a constant predetermined value, the pressurization was stopped and the composite molded product was taken out. The obtained composite molded product is 20CIII×20ell
A rectangular parallelepiped with a size of 6.5 cm was glued onto a wooden board with a thickness of 3 c++. This composite molded product was heated at 100℃ for 1
The film was treated for 0 minutes and then dried and cured by heating at a low temperature. During this time, no shrinkage or deformation of the composite molded product was observed.

This composite molded product has excellent fire resistance and water resistance, and even when the aggregate surface was heated, no heat was conducted to the wooden board.

In addition, although different materials were glued together, the aggregate and wood surface were strongly bonded.

Application Example 3 The adhesive obtained in Example 3 was applied to one side of an asbestos noncombustible board measuring 200 x 200 x 13 m+w and was manufactured by simultaneous molding.

200 x 200 x 7 on this adhesive application surface
A marble plate of mm was brought into contact and bonded under pressure.

The obtained composite molded product showed a thermal conductivity of 0.4 to 0.6, and the water content was only 2.4% even after being immersed in water for 24 hours, showing fire and water resistance. It was confirmed that this board is an extremely good non-combustible board.

Application Example 4 The same process as in Application Example 3 was repeated, except that extruded polystyrene foam insulation material (Miraform II Co., Ltd. JSP registered trademark) was used instead of the asbestos noncombustible board in Application Example 3 to produce a composite molded body. Obtained.

The polystyrene/marble composite molded product thus obtained did not peel off and was excellent as a heat insulating building material.

Application Example 5 The same process as in Application Example 3 was repeated, except that a granite plate was used instead of the asbestos noncombustible board and the adhesive obtained in Example 5 was used as the adhesive. I got a body.

Although this composite molded article was exposed to flame at 800° C., no change in adhesion was observed, confirming the particularly excellent heat resistance of the adhesive.

(Effects of the Invention) Although the adhesive according to the present invention is an inorganic adhesive, it has a strong adhesive force and has the property of bonding in a very short time. Besides, metal and stone.

It is very unique in that it can not only bond cement, ceramic plates, etc., but also wood, synthetic resins, paper and pulp products, etc. Further, the adhesive according to the present invention can not only bond the same type of these materials, but also freely and firmly bond different types of materials.

Therefore, the adhesive according to the present invention can be used not only as an adhesive for crafts and household use, but also as an adhesive for civil engineering, architecture, construction, various furniture, safes, and non-combustible valuables boxes. can be used.

Furthermore, unlike organic adhesives, the adhesive of the present invention has excellent fire resistance and water resistance, and does not emit toxic gases, so it is extremely safe and can be used as a nonflammable adhesive for building materials. Extremely useful.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An inorganic heat-resistant and water-resistant adhesive characterized by comprising water glass and an inorganic additive. 2. The adhesive according to claim 1, further comprising a mica-based powder as a heat resistant agent. 3. An adhesive obtained by adding a curing agent to the adhesive according to claim 1 or 2. 4. The adhesive according to claim 3, wherein the curing agent is a silicofluoride salt, a phosphate, a sulfate and/or a borate.