JPH0241149A - Orthodontic bracket - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To enable satisfactory finishing of teeth by providing the bracket with a groove on a lip side surface of a rotatable member for fitting an arch wire and a locking means for locking the rotatable member and a fixing member at a predetermined angular position. CONSTITUTION: The bed of a bracket 1 is attached to a tooth 15, and a rotatable member 2 is rotated so that an arch wire 17 can be fitted into a first groove. If the angle of inclination after the tooth 15 is freely inclined along the arch wire 17 is satisfactory, the arch wire 17 is removed from the first groove 5, the rotatable member 2 is rotated by 90 deg., and the wire 17 is fitted into a second groove 6. Then, a vertical spring is put into a fourth groove 11 on the tongue side surface of the bed 9 and attached to the arch wire 17, and the fang of the tooth 15 is moved so that its center may fit the crown vertically. When the tooth 15 is placed in a right position, it is prevented from further freely inclining along the arch wire. This shortens the time for treatment of teeth, reducing a patient's uncomfotable feeling.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (a) Field of Industrial Application This invention relates to an improved bracket for use in a fixed dental device for orthodontic treatment by moving teeth.

(b) Conventional techniques and issues There are two methods of tooth movement using fixed orthodontic appliances.
There are two basic types. These are called the tilt method and the torque method, respectively. The simplest and fastest movement is accomplished by applying a force directly to the crown of the tooth, moving the crown in the direction of the force, and moving the apex of the tooth in the opposite direction. The fulcrum is usually formed within the root of the tooth. The tilting method can be carried out along an axis perpendicular to the outer surface of the tooth, i.e. transversely, or along an axis parallel to the outer surface of the tooth.

The torque method is a method in which the tips of the crown and the root of the tooth are moved in a limited manner by applying a force couple to the crown in such a way that the fulcrum is within the crown. The movement of the image tip along the dental arch in a mesial or distal direction is called uprighting.

Fixed appliances used to move teeth have three main parts: brackets, and archwires.
and accessory parts. Brackets are securely attached to the surface of the tooth, either directly through the bonding surface or to a band bonded to the tooth. The bracket has a groove into which the archwire can fit. The distal ends of this archwire are secured to the molars, for example, by buccal tubes that are themselves wrapped around the molars. The force on the teeth is created by the archwire itself or by attachments such as upright springs, rotational springs, coil springs or rubber bands.

Two popular techniques used to move teeth utilize different operative principles. These techniques are the Begg technique and the Edgewise technique. The bracket used in the Betts method has narrow archwire grooves in both near and far directions, into which an archwire with a circular cross section is loosely fitted and held by a locking pin. The narrow width of the brackets and loosely fitted wires allow the teeth to tilt freely along and around the archwire. The ability to tilt freely is advantageous in the early stages of treatment when tooth movement is achieved quickly, especially when the teeth are undergoing significant changes in position. The disadvantage is that the movement of the apex must be effected by upright springs and other fittings after the free tilting has occurred. Performed by torque, the fine control or movement of the apex required at the end of the finishing treatment is not so easily achieved.

These disadvantages of the Bettsgg method can be overcome using the edgewise method. Edgewise brackets are wide in both the eccentric and distal directions and have an archwire groove with a rectangular cross-section. The archwire is firmly fitted into the groove in the front so that the wire does not tilt freely. Tilting around the wire is prevented by using an archwire with a rectangular cross section. The archwire and elastics
) given by twists, bends and loops of pond accessories such as. Edgewise brackets provide fine three-dimensional control of tooth movement, and the results are far superior to those obtained with the Betzg method. However, since it cannot be tilted freely along the wire, treatment tends to be time-consuming. Furthermore, Archwire Fi
The frictional resistance described above means that extra-oral traction in the form of headgear, which is undesirable for the patient, is required to slide the teeth along the wire.

Equipped with both archwire free slope grooves and non-slope grooves,
Attempts have been made to introduce hybrid brackets that combine the advantages of free tilting during initial treatment with fixed control methods at later stages similar to edgewise brackets. Although these hybrid brackets may be suitable for one method or the other, to date they have been found to be unsuitable for both methods and have proven to be unsatisfactory.

(c) Means for Solving the Problems The object of the present invention is to provide an orthodontic bracket that combines two dental techniques currently used for moving teeth, that is, a free tilting bracket, which is used in the initial stage of treatment. The object of the present invention is to provide an orthodontic bracket that is prevented from occurring at a later stage, so that torque can be applied to the teeth with fine control to achieve a satisfactory finish.

In the following description, the surface of the bracket that comes into contact with the tooth surface will be referred to as the lingual side, and the side of the bracket that will come into contact with the lips will be referred to as the lip side.

The orthodontic bracket according to the present invention includes a fixing member that is attached to the lip side of the tooth, and a member that is freely rotatable around a stub axis formed in the fixing member. A first groove is provided on the side surface for receiving the archwire, and means are provided for locking the rotatable member and the fixed member in a predetermined angular position.

Preferably, the rotatable member comprises a ring retained on the lip side thereof and a rectangular flange traversed by a first groove and a second groove of approximately twice the depth at right angles to the groove. . The raised corners of the rectangular flange provide a means for retaining the rubber band.

Preferably, the fixed member or bed has a third groove formed on the side of the lip which opens into the second groove of the rotatable member. The second and third grooves therefore together provide an open slot in which a locking member, such as an archwire, can be received, whereby both the fixed member and the rotatable member are prevented from rotating.

The mafko bed has a fourth groove on its lingual surface, which groove is perpendicular to the third groove and accommodates an upright spring during treatment.

During orthodontic treatment, the bed of the fixed member is attached to the tooth by conventional means, and a stub shaft formed in the bed retains the rotatable member. The archwire is fitted into the first R and a force is applied to the tooth by an accessory such as a rubber band. By applying such a force, the rotatable member is free to rotate about the stub axis and the teeth are free to tilt along the archwire. Once a satisfactory degree of inclination is obtained, remove the archwire from the first groove, rotate the rotatable part 90 degrees, and move the archwire to the second groove.
Fit it into the groove. At this stage, the second groove is not aligned with the third groove due to the inclination angle of the teeth. An upright spring is inserted into the bed and connected to the archwire to facilitate movement of the tooth root to align it horizontally with the crown. When the tooth reaches its correct upright position, the second groove is exactly aligned with and opens into the third groove. In this way, a deep slot is formed into which the archwire slides,
The rotatable part and fixed part are locked to prevent it from standing upright or tilting freely. after that,
This device functions similarly to an edgewise bracket that can be torqued with additional parts to facilitate fine, controlled apex movement and a good finish.

(d) Embodiment An embodiment of the bracket according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a bracket according to an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the bed and stub shaft of the bracket shown in Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is a part of the bracket according to an embodiment of the invention. Figure 4 is a front view of the rotatable member; Figure 5 is an exploded sectional view of the rotatable member;
Figure 6 is a front view of the bracket as it is attached to the tooth with the engaged archwire at the beginning of treatment; Figure 6 shows the position after the tooth has been tilted along the archwire;
Fig. 7 shows the state when the rotatable member is rotated 90 degrees and the archwire is fitted into the second FIl. 4.5 and 6 are views corresponding to FIGS. 4.5 and 6, showing a state in which the archwire is erected and then engaged with the third groove; FIG.

1 and 2 will be explained. The bracket is composed of a fixed member 1 and a rotatable member 2.

The rotatable member 2 comprises a ring 3 which retains on its lip side a rectangular flange 4 whose corners project beyond the circumference of the ring and are curved in the direction of the tongue. ing.

The rectangular flange of the ring 3 is traversed by a first groove 5 and a second groove 6 perpendicular to each other for engagement with the archwire, the second groove 6 having a depth approximately twice that of the first groove 5. It is. The first groove 5 is closed on the side facing the tongue by a wall 8 (see FIG. 4).

However, the second groove 6 is open on both the west side and the lip side.

The fixing member 1 has a rectangular bed 9, which has a fourth groove 11 on its lingual side and a stub 1iI112 on its lip side, and this stub shaft has a third groove lO. A head 13 is formed perpendicularly to the fourth groove 11.

FIG. 3 will be explained. The ring 3 of the rotatable member 2 fits into the head 13 of the stub shaft 12 and is held on the head 13 by a locking ring 14 to prevent the rotatable member 2 and the fixed member 1 from separating. Instead of a locking ring, the ring 3 may be provided with a locking lip (not shown) on its west side, which engages the stub shaft 12. − degree, ring 3 is stub shaft 12
In any case, the rotatable member 2 rotates around the stub shaft 12 and the head 13 by 360
It can be rotated freely throughout.

The rectangular bed 9 of the fixing member 1 is brought into contact with the tooth 15 via a contoured bed portion 16 which is shaped to fit snugly with the tooth 15.

The method of operation of the bracket will be explained with reference to Figures 5.6.7 and 8.

Attach the bed of bracket l to tooth 15 by normal means,
The rotatable member 2 is rotated so that the archwire 17 is fitted into the first groove as shown in FIG. The archwire 17 is prevented from engaging the third groove IO by the wall 8, and by applying force and rotating the member 2, the teeth 15 can be tilted freely along the archwire 17. . The relative positions of the fixed member and rotatable member after free tilting are shown in FIG. If the degree of inclination is satisfactory, the archwire 17 is removed from the first groove 5, the rotatable member 2 is rotated 90°, and then the
As shown in the figure, the archwire 17 is fitted into the second WIt6.

The upright spring is then placed in the fourth groove 11 on the lingual side of the bed 9 and attached to the archwire 17 to move the root of the tooth 15 into vertical alignment with the crown. Once the tooth 15 is in the correct position as shown in FIG.
When the arch wire 17 is aligned with the third
It slides into the groove 10 and prevents further rotation of the two parts of the bracket. In this way, the uprighting operation automatically ends in the correct posture, preventing further free tilting along the archwire.

This is because the locking mechanism effectively converts the bracket into an edgewise device. Such brackets therefore combine the advantages of the Betzgg method, i.e. free tilting in the early stages of treatment, with the advantages of the Edge Quiz bracket, i.e. fine control of the top of the tooth in the later stages. . This device simplifies the selection of instruments for straightening teeth, resulting in shorter treatment times and less discomfort for the patient.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a bracket according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the bed and stub shaft of the bracket shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a bracket according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a front view of the rotatable member; FIG. 5 is a front view of the bracket as it is attached to the tooth with an engaged archwire at the beginning of treatment; FIG. A view corresponding to FIG. 5 showing the position after the teeth are tilted along the archwire, and FIG. 7 show the state when the rotatable member is rotated 90 degrees and the archwire is fitted into the second groove. , 5 and 6, and FIG. 8 are views corresponding to FIGS. 4.5 and 6, showing the state when the teeth are erected and the archwire is engaged with the third groove. ■... Fixed member, 2... Rotatable member, 3... Ring, 4... Rectangular flange, 5... First groove, 6 ...Second groove,
8... Wall, 9... Rectangular bed,
! 0...3rd groove, 11...4th groove,
12... Stub shaft, 13...
Head, 14... Locking ring, 15
...Teeth, 16...Full bed part, Ft'g, 7°F7g, 2°

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Consisting of a fixed member attached to the lip side of the tooth, and a member freely rotatable around a stub axis formed on this fixed member, the rotatable member has a fixed member attached to the lip side of the tooth. an orthodontic bracket for moving teeth, comprising: a first groove into which an archwire is fitted; and means for locking both the rotatable member and the fixed member in a predetermined angular position. . 2. Claim 1, wherein the rotatable member comprises a ring having a rectangular flange on the lip side surface that is traversed by the first groove.
Orthodontic brackets as described. 3. A rectangular flange with a first depth at right angles to the first groove.
3. The orthodontic bracket according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the second groove is about twice as wide as the groove. 4. The fixed member has a third groove formed on the side of the lip thereof and opens into the second groove of the rotatable member;
4. The orthodontic bracket of claim 3, wherein the grooves mate to provide an open slot capable of receiving a locking member, thereby preventing rotation of both the fixed member and the rotatable member. 5. The orthodontic bracket according to claim 4, wherein the locking member is an archwire. 6. An orthodontic bracket according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the fixation member comprises a fourth groove on its lingual side, perpendicular to the third groove and configured to receive an upright spring. 7. The orthodontic bracket according to any one of claims 2 to 7, wherein the corner portion of the rectangular flange is inclined in the lingual direction to provide means for holding the elastic biasing member. 8. Attach the bracket to the tooth to be moved by its fixed member, and fit the archwire into the first groove of the rotatable member, adjusted so that the first groove is aligned with the third groove of the stub shaft. , applying a force to the tooth to move the tooth along the archwire, removing the archwire from the first groove, rotating the rotating member to fit the archwire into the second groove, and then applying a normal force to the tooth; moving the second groove and the third groove until they are aligned so that the archwire slides into the groove and locks the fixed member and the rotatable member to prevent further movement of the teeth; A method of moving teeth using the orthodontic bracket according to any one of claims 4 to 7. 9. An orthodontic bracket substantially equivalent to that previously described with reference to the accompanying drawings. 10. A method of tooth movement substantially equivalent to that previously described with reference to the accompanying drawings.