JP7827532B2 - Inter-floor space structure - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to the structure of inter-floor spaces.

Patent Document 1 below describes a residential ventilation system. This ventilation system is equipped with a connecting duct that extends horizontally through the space between the floor of a living room and the ceiling of the living room on the floor below.

JP 2010-164241 A

However, when humid outside air flows into the inter-floor space, which is the space between the floor and ceiling, there is a risk of condensation forming on piping such as connecting ducts.

The present invention was devised in light of the above-mentioned circumstances, and its main objective is to provide an inter-floor space structure that can improve airtightness.

This invention relates to the structure of an inter-story space in a building formed between beams arranged along the perimeter of the building, flooring materials on the upper floors of the building supported by the beams, and ceiling materials on the lower floors of the building arranged below the beams. At least the underside of the beams facing the ceiling materials is covered with insulating material, and frame materials are provided below the beams and along the beams, with the upper ends of the frame materials contacting the insulating material.

By adopting the above-mentioned configuration, the inter-floor space structure of the present invention can improve the airtightness of the inter-floor space.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the inter-floor space of the building of this embodiment. FIG. 1 is an enlarged view of the structure of the inter-floor space including the first beam. FIG. 10 is an enlarged view of the structure of the inter-floor space including the second beam. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a first frame material. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of an inter-floor space according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. It should be understood that the drawings contain exaggerated representations and representations that differ from the dimensional proportions of the actual structure in order to aid in understanding the contents of the invention. Furthermore, identical or common elements are designated by the same reference numerals throughout each embodiment, and redundant explanations will be omitted. Furthermore, the specific configurations shown in the embodiments and drawings are intended to aid in understanding the contents of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the specific configurations shown in the drawings.

[Structure of Inter-floor Space (First Embodiment)]
1 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of an inter-floor space 1 of a building according to this embodiment. In this embodiment, the structure of the inter-floor space 1 is specified on an orthogonal coordinate system having a first direction x (depth direction in FIG. 1), a second direction y (horizontal direction in FIG. 1), and a third direction z (up-down direction in FIG. 1).

[building]
The building 2 in which the inter-story space 1 of this embodiment is provided is, for example, a multi-story house or building. In this embodiment, the upper floor portion 3 and the lower floor portion 4 of the building are provided at the same position in the horizontal direction of the building 2 (the second direction y in FIG. 1 ), but are not limited to this. For example, the lower floor portion 4 of the building may protrude outdoors relative to the upper floor portion 3 of the building.

In this embodiment, the upper building floors 3 and lower building floors 4 are separated by, for example, exterior walls 5, ceilings 6, floors 7, and partition walls (not shown). From the perspective of reducing the load on an air conditioner (not shown), the upper building floors 3 and lower building floors 4 are preferably configured as airtight spaces that suppress the inflow of outside air, except for the outside air used for ventilation. However, the upper building floors 3 and lower building floors 4 are not limited to such airtight spaces.

[Inter-floor space]
The inter-floor space 1 in this embodiment is formed between a beam 8, a floor surface material 9 of the upper floor portion 3 of the building, and a ceiling surface material 10 of the lower floor portion 4 of the building.

[Beam]
The beams 8 are arranged along the periphery of the building 2 (in this example, continuously along the periphery). Note that the beams 8 may be partially interrupted in part of the periphery of the building 2.

Figure 2 is an enlarged view of the structure of the inter-floor space 1, including the first beam 8A. Figure 3 is an enlarged view of the structure of the inter-floor space 1, including the second beam 8B. As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the beam 8 of this embodiment is composed of a first beam 8A and a second beam 8B. The first beam 8A (shown in Figure 2) of this embodiment extends in the first direction x. On the other hand, the second beam 8B (shown in Figure 3) of this embodiment extends in the second direction y (i.e., a direction perpendicular to the first beam 8A shown in Figure 2). The first beam 8A and the second beam 8B are joined to each other, for example, using metal fittings or the like (not shown). Note that the beam 8 may include other beams (not shown) in addition to the first beam 8A and the second beam 8B.

The beams 8 in this embodiment (including the first beam 8A and the second beam 8B in this example) are made of H-shaped steel, but are not limited to this. The beams 8 in this embodiment are made up of a web 11 extending vertically, an upper flange 12 extending like a brim from the upper end of the web 11, and a lower flange 13 extending like a brim from the lower end of the web 11.

The web 11 may be provided with holes (not shown) that penetrate through the web 11 in its thickness direction. Such holes allow, for example, ducts (not shown) for air conditioners or ventilation systems, or electrical wires, to easily pass through the web 11.

In this embodiment, the upper flange 12 has a beam upper surface 8u that faces the floor surface material 9. The floor surface material 9 abuts (is fixed to) the beam upper surface 8u. On the other hand, in this embodiment, the lower flange 13 has a beam lower surface 8d that faces the ceiling surface material 10.

[Insulation material]
In the beams 8 of this embodiment (including the first beam 8A and the second beam 8B in this example), at least the beam underside 8d is covered with a thermal insulating material 16. The thermal insulating material 16 of this embodiment is configured to include a first thermal insulating material 16A (shown in FIG. 2) that covers the first beam 8A and a second thermal insulating material 16B (shown in FIG. 2) that covers the second beam 8B. Note that, if other beams are included in addition to the first beam 8A and the second beam 8B, it is preferable that a thermal insulating material (not shown) that covers the other beams is further included.

As shown in Figures 1 to 3, the insulation material 16 of this embodiment (including the first insulation material 16A and the second insulation material 16B in this example) covers not only the underside 8d of the beams but also the outer surfaces of the beams 8 arranged on the inter-floor space 1 side (in this example, all outer surfaces except the upper surface 8u of the beams). Such insulation material 16 can prevent heat from outside air from being transferred to the inter-floor space 1 via the beams 8, thereby improving the insulation properties of the inter-floor space 1. Furthermore, the insulation material 16 can block holes (not shown) formed in the webs 11 of the beams 8, thereby preventing outside air from entering the inter-floor space 1 and improving the airtightness of the inter-floor space 1.

The insulating material 16 of this embodiment (including the first insulating material 16A and the second insulating material 16B in this example) is not particularly limited as long as it can improve the thermal insulation and airtightness of the inter-floor space 1, but it is preferable to use a fibrous insulating material (e.g., rock wool, glass wool, etc.). Such fibrous insulating material is flame retardant, improving the fire resistance of the beams 8 (inter-floor space 1). Furthermore, if fire-resistant coating on the beams 8 is not required, organic insulating materials (e.g., polystyrene foam, phenolic foam, urethane foam, etc.) may be used for the insulating material 16.

In this embodiment, the insulating material 16 (which in this example includes the first insulating material 16A and the second insulating material 16B) preferably covers the entire longitudinal area of the beam 8 (which in this example includes the first beam 8A and the second beam 8B). This allows the insulating material 16 to improve the thermal insulation, airtightness, and fire resistance of the inter-floor space 1.

As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the insulating material 16 of this embodiment (in this example, including a first insulating material 16A and a second insulating material 16B) is configured to include a first covering portion 16a, a second covering portion 16b, and a third covering portion 16c.

In this embodiment, the first covering portion 16a extends along the underside 8d of the beam 8 (including the first beam 8A and the second beam 8B in this example) and covers the underside 8d. The second covering portion 16b in this embodiment extends upward from the end of the first covering portion 16a on the outdoor building side 2o and abuts against the insulation material 26 fixed to the beam 8. The outdoor building side 2o of the beam 8 is covered by this second covering portion 16b. The third covering portion 16c in this embodiment extends upward from the end of the first covering portion 16a on the indoor building side 2i and abuts against the underside of the floor material 9. The third covering portion 16c covers the indoor building side 2i (inter-floor space 1 side) of the beam 8. The first covering portion 16a, second covering portion 16b, and third covering portion 16c form the insulation material 16 with a U-shaped cross section. This type of insulation material 16 can cover the entire area from the lower flange 13 to the upper flange 12 of the beam 8, improving the insulation, airtightness, and fire resistance of the inter-floor space 1.

[Floor material]
1 to 3, the floor surface material 9 of this embodiment is supported by beams 8 (including a first beam 8A and a second beam 8B in this example). The floor surface material 9 of this embodiment constitutes the floor 7 of the upper floor portion 3 of the building.

The flooring material 9 of this embodiment is formed, for example, in the shape of a plate (panel). The flooring material 9 of this embodiment is composed of foam concrete panels such as ALC. Such foam concrete panels are flame retardant, improving the fire resistance of the flooring material 9 (inter-floor space 1). Note that the flooring material 9 is not limited to forms including foam concrete panels.

The floor surface material 9 may be laminated with, for example, particle board 14 or a floor finishing material (not shown). It is also preferable that a moisture-proof sheet (not shown) be laminated with the floor surface material 9 of this embodiment. Such a moisture-proof sheet can prevent moisture from flowing from the inter-floor space 1 into the upper floors 3 of the building.

[Ceiling surface material]
1 to 3, the ceiling surface material 10 is disposed below the beams 8 (including the first beam 8A and the second beam 8B in this example). The ceiling surface material 10 of this embodiment forms the ceiling 6 of the lower floor portion 4 of the building.

The ceiling surface material 10 of this embodiment is formed, for example, in a plate (panel) shape. The ceiling surface material 10 of this embodiment is supported by a plurality of rafters 18.

The ceiling surface material 10 of this embodiment is configured to include gypsum board 19. Such gypsum board 19 is flame retardant, improving the fire resistance of the ceiling surface material 10. However, the ceiling surface material 10 is not limited to an embodiment that includes gypsum board.

The ceiling surface material 10 of this embodiment may be laminated with, for example, a moisture-proof sheet (not shown). This allows the ceiling surface material 10 to prevent water vapor from the lower floors 4 of the building from entering the inter-floor space 1, for example, in winter. Furthermore, a ceiling finishing material (not shown) may be laminated on the ceiling surface material 10.

A sound-absorbing material 17 may be disposed on top of the ceiling surface material 10. Such sound-absorbing material 17 can suppress the transmission of noise between the upper building floor portion 3 and the lower building floor portion 4. For example, the sound-absorbing material 17 may be a fibrous sound-absorbing material (e.g., rock wool, glass wool, etc.), but is not limited to this.

In this embodiment, the sound-absorbing material 17 is arranged on the building's interior side 2i relative to the beams 8 (in this example, including the first beam 8A and the second beam 8B). This allows the sound-absorbing material 17 to be placed on the ceiling surface material 10 without interfering with the beams 8.

[Noen]
The plurality of rafters 18 are for supporting the ceiling surface material 10. In this embodiment, the rafters 18 are formed with a generally rectangular cross section (as shown in FIG. 3 ), but are not limited to this. The plurality of rafters 18 in this embodiment extend along the second direction y. The plurality of rafters 18 are arranged at intervals in the first direction x, which is perpendicular to the second direction y.

The upper surface of the ceiling surface material 10 is fixed to the multiple joists 18. As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the multiple joists 18 in this embodiment are supported by joist support hardware 20, which will be described later.

[Frame material]
As shown in Figures 1 to 3, in the structure of the inter-floor space 1 of this embodiment, frame members 21 are provided below the beams 8 (including a first beam 8A and a second beam 8B in this example) and arranged along the beams 8. The frame members 21 of this embodiment are configured to include a first frame member 21A (shown in Figures 1 and 2) and a second frame member 21B (shown in Figure 3). The first frame member 21A and the second frame member 21B of this embodiment are formed of a material that does not have air permeability (such as a metal material in this embodiment).

[First frame material]
1 and 2, the first frame member 21A of this embodiment is disposed below and along the first beam 8A. The first frame member 21A of this embodiment is configured as a siding support hardware 20 that supports both sides of the plurality of sidings 18 in the longitudinal direction.

In this embodiment, the first frame member 21A (in this example, the siding support hardware 20) extends in a direction (first direction x) perpendicular to the longitudinal direction (second direction y) of the multiple sidings 18. In this embodiment, the first frame member 21A is fixed to, for example, a frame body 22 that supports the exterior wall 5.

Figure 4 is a perspective view of the first frame member 21A. As shown in Figures 2 and 4, the first frame member 21A (in this example, the soffit support hardware 20) of this embodiment includes an upper piece 21a, a lower piece 21b, and a vertical member 21c connecting them, and is formed with a U-shaped cross section. An opening 23 surrounded by the upper piece 21a, lower piece 21b, and vertical member 21c faces the building interior side 2i (shown in Figure 2). Such a first frame member 21A can support multiple soffits 18 by inserting both longitudinal sides (ends) of the multiple soffits 18 into the opening 23.

As shown in Figure 2, the upper piece 21a in this embodiment includes an end portion 21d that bends toward the insulation 16 (in this example, the first insulation 16A). In this embodiment, the end portion 21d is inclined upward from the outdoor building side 2o toward the indoor building side 2i. Such end portion 21d helps to smoothly insert both sides (ends) of the multiple joists 18 into the opening 23.

[Second frame material]
3, the second frame member 21B of this embodiment is disposed below and along the second beam 8B. Therefore, the second frame member 21B extends parallel to the plurality of joists 18 (in the second direction y). The second frame member 21B of this embodiment is fixed to, for example, a frame body 22 supporting the exterior wall 5.

The second frame member 21B of this embodiment, like the first frame member 21A (shown in Figure 4), includes an upper piece 21a, a lower piece 21b, and a vertical member 21c connecting them, and is formed with a U-shaped cross section. The opening 23 surrounded by the upper piece 21a, lower piece 21b, and vertical member 21c faces the building interior 2i. The upper piece 21a of this embodiment includes an end portion 21d that bends toward the insulation 16 (in this example, the second insulation member 16B).

The second frame material 21B is preferably constructed with the same siding support hardware 20 as the first frame material 21A shown in Figures 2 and 4. This allows the first frame material 21A and the second frame material 21B to use a common component (siding support hardware 20), thereby reducing manufacturing costs.

[Top edge of frame material]
2 and 3, the upper ends 21t of the frame members 21 (in this example, the first frame member 21A and the second frame member 21B) of this embodiment are in contact with the insulating material 16. As shown in Fig. 2, the upper ends 21t (end portions 21d) of the first frame member 21A of this embodiment are in contact with the first insulating material 16A. This allows the first frame member 21A and the first insulating material 16A to seal the gap between the floor surface material 9 of the upper floor portion 3 of the building and the ceiling surface material 10 of the lower floor portion 4 of the building along the vertical direction (first direction x) of the inter-floor space 1.

On the other hand, as shown in Figure 3, the upper end 21t (end portion 21d) of the second frame member 21B in this embodiment is in contact with the second insulating material 16B. This allows the second frame member 21B and the second insulating material 16B to seal the gap between the floor surface material 9 of the upper floor portion 3 of the building and the ceiling surface material 10 of the lower floor portion 4 of the building in the vertical direction (second direction y) of the inter-floor space 1.

In this way, in the structure of the inter-floor space 1 of this embodiment, the upper ends 21t of the frame materials 21 come into contact with the insulating material 16, thereby sealing the gap between the floor surface material 9 of the upper building floor portion 3 and the ceiling surface material 10 of the lower building floor portion 4. As a result, the structure of the inter-floor space 1 can prevent outside air from flowing into the inter-floor space 1 between the beams 8 and the ceiling surface material 10, improving the airtightness of the inter-floor space 1. This improved airtightness can, for example, prevent high-humidity outside air from flowing into the inter-floor space 1, making it possible to prevent condensation from forming in the duct piping of air conditioners, ventilation systems, and other devices located in the inter-floor space 1.

Furthermore, if the upper floors 3 and lower floors 4 of the building are configured as airtight spaces, the space within the building 2, including the inter-floor space 1 formed between them, can be configured as an airtight space. This makes it possible for the building 2 with the inter-floor space 1 to have improved air conditioning efficiency.

As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the upper end 21t of the frame material 21 is preferably positioned so that it bites into the insulation material 16. This improves adhesion between the upper end 21t of the frame material 21 and the insulation material 16, further improving the airtightness of the inter-floor space 1.

In the inter-floor space 1 structure of this embodiment, it is preferable that the sound-absorbing material 17 be in contact with the insulation material 16 (in this example, via a moisture-proof film 25). This further reduces the gap between the beam 8 and the ceiling surface material 10, further improving the airtightness of the inter-floor space 1. In this embodiment, the sound-absorbing material 17 and the insulation material 16 (in this example, via a moisture-proof film 25) are in surface contact, further improving airtightness.

[Moisture-proof film]
The heat insulating material 16 (in this example, the first heat insulating material 16A and the second heat insulating material 16B) is preferably covered with a moisture-proof film 25 that extends from the contact portion 24 with the upper end 21t of the frame material 21 to the building interior side 2i. Such a moisture-proof film 25 can impart moisture-proof performance to the heat insulating material 16. This can prevent moisture contained in the outside air from penetrating into the building interior side 2i of the inter-story space 1 through the heat insulating material 16.

The moisture-proof film 25 may include a rising portion 25B that rises toward the top of the beam 8 (in this example, the first beam 8A and the second beam 8B). Such a rising portion 25B covers the insulation material 16 with the moisture-proof film 25 from the contact portion 24 with the upper end 21t of the frame material 21 to the top of the beam 8, further preventing moisture from penetrating from the insulation material 16 into the inter-floor space 1.

In this embodiment, the rising portion 25B extends upward from the first covering portion 16a of the insulating material 16 along the outside of the third covering portion 16c and abuts against the underside of the floor material 9. This allows the rising portion 25B to cover the insulating material 16 (third covering portion 16c) from the contact portion 24 with the upper end 21t of the frame material 21 to the floor material 9, further preventing moisture from penetrating from the insulating material 16 into the inter-floor space 1.

The moisture-proof film 25 is not particularly limited as long as it can provide moisture-proof performance to the thermal insulation material 16. In this embodiment, the moisture-proof film 25 may be made of polyethylene, for example.

[Structure of Inter-floor Space (Second Embodiment)]
In the structures of the inter-floor space 1 in the embodiments described above, the outer surfaces of the beams 8 arranged on the inter-floor space 1 side are covered with the heat insulating material 16, but the present invention is not limited to this. Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the inter-floor space 1 in another embodiment of the present invention.

In the structure of the inter-floor space 1 in this embodiment, only the underside 8d of the beam is covered with the insulating material 16. The upper end 21t of the frame material 21 is in contact with the insulating material 16. This structure of the inter-floor space 1, like the previous embodiments, allows the gap between the floor surface material 9 of the upper building floor portion 3 and the ceiling surface material 10 of the lower building floor portion 4 to be sealed, thereby improving airtightness. Furthermore, in this embodiment, because only the underside 8d of the beam is covered with the insulating material 16, workability is improved compared to previous embodiments in which the outer surface of the beam 8 facing the inter-floor space 1 was covered. In this embodiment, if a hole (not shown) is formed in the web 11 of the beam 8, it is preferable to seal the hole in order to maintain the airtightness of the inter-floor space 1.

In this embodiment, it is preferable to use insulation 16 with enhanced moisture resistance and airtightness. As a result, in this embodiment, moisture resistance and airtightness can be improved without covering the insulation 16 with a moisture-proof film 25 (shown in Figures 2 and 3) as in the previous embodiments, thereby improving workability. Note that there are no particular restrictions on the insulation 16, as long as it has enhanced moisture resistance and airtightness. In this embodiment, rubber foam (e.g., EPDM rubber foam) can be used as the insulation 16 if fire-resistant coating on the beams 8 is not required.

[Structure of Inter-floor Space (Third Embodiment)]
In the above-described embodiments, the frame member 21 is configured from the first frame member 21A (shown in FIG. 2) and the second frame member 21B (shown in FIG. 3), but is not limited to this. For example, the frame member 21 may be configured from only one of the first frame member 21A and the second frame member 21B, or another frame member (not shown) may be provided, depending on the arrangement of the beams 8 provided in the inter-floor space 1.

The above describes in detail a particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiment and can be modified and implemented in various ways.

[Note]
The present invention includes the following aspects.

[Invention 1]
A structure of an inter-story space of a building formed between a beam arranged along the periphery of the building, a floor surface material of an upper floor part of the building supported by the beam, and a ceiling surface material of a lower floor part of the building arranged below the beam,
At least the underside of the beam facing the ceiling surface material is covered with a heat insulating material,
A frame member is provided below the beam and arranged along the beam,
The upper end of the frame material is in contact with the heat insulating material.
Structure of inter-floor space.
[Invention 2]
The ceiling surface material is supported by a plurality of rough girders,
the frame member includes a first frame member;
A structure of an inter-floor space described in Invention 1, wherein the first frame material is a siding support hardware that supports both sides of the multiple sidings in the longitudinal direction.
[Invention 3]
The siding support hardware has a U-shaped cross section including an upper piece, a lower piece, and a vertical member connecting them,
The structure of an inter-floor space according to claim 2, wherein the upper piece includes an end portion that bends toward the insulation material.
[Invention 4]
The frame material includes a second frame material extending parallel to the plurality of rough frames,
The second frame member has a U-shaped cross section including an upper piece, a lower piece, and a vertical member connecting the upper piece and the lower piece,
The structure of an inter-floor space according to claim 2, wherein the upper piece includes an end portion that bends toward the insulation material.
[Invention 5]
A structure of an inter-floor space as described in Invention 4, wherein the second frame material is the same joist support hardware as the first frame material.
[Invention 6]
A structure of an inter-floor space according to any one of the first to fifth aspects of the present invention, wherein the insulating material is a fiber-based insulating material.
[Invention 7]
A structure of an inter-floor space described in any one of the present inventions 1 to 6, wherein a sound-absorbing material is arranged on top of the ceiling surface material, and the sound-absorbing material is in contact with the insulation material.
[Invention 8]
A structure of an inter-floor space described in any one of the present inventions 1 to 7, wherein the insulation material is covered with a moisture-proof film extending from the contact portion with the upper end of the frame material to the inside of the building.
[Invention 9]
The structure of an inter-floor space according to claim 8, wherein the moisture-proof film includes a rising portion that rises toward the top of the beam.

1 Inter-floor space 2 Building 3 Upper floor portion of building 4 Lower floor portion of building 8 Beam 8d Underside of beam 9 Floor surface material 10 Ceiling surface material 16 Heat insulating material 21 Frame material 21t Upper end

Claims (8)

A structure of an inter-story space of a building formed between a beam arranged along the periphery of the building, a floor surface material of an upper floor part of the building supported by the beam, and a ceiling surface material of a lower floor part of the building arranged below the beam,
At least the underside of the beam facing the ceiling surface material is covered with a heat insulating material,
A frame member is provided below the beam and arranged along the beam,
The upper end of the frame material is in contact with the heat insulating material,
The ceiling surface material is supported by a plurality of rough girders,
The frame material includes a second frame material extending parallel to the plurality of rough frames,
The second frame member has a U-shaped cross section including an upper piece, a lower piece, and a vertical member connecting these pieces,
The upper piece includes an end portion that bends toward the insulation.
Structure of inter-floor space. the frame member includes a first frame member;
The structure of the inter-floor space according to claim 1, wherein the first frame material is a siding support hardware that supports both sides of the plurality of sidings in the longitudinal direction. The siding support hardware has a U-shaped cross section including an upper piece, a lower piece, and a vertical member connecting them,
The structure of claim 2 , wherein the upper piece includes an end portion that bends toward the insulation. The structure of an inter-floor space according to claim 2, wherein the second frame material is the same joist support hardware as the first frame material . The structure of an inter-floor space according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the insulating material is a fiber-based insulating material . 3. The structure of an inter-floor space according to claim 1 , wherein a sound-absorbing material is arranged on the ceiling surface material, and the sound-absorbing material is in contact with the heat-insulating material. A structure of an inter-story space of a building formed between a beam arranged along the periphery of the building, a floor surface material of an upper floor part of the building supported by the beam, and a ceiling surface material of a lower floor part of the building arranged below the beam,
At least the underside of the beam facing the ceiling surface material is covered with a heat insulating material,
A frame member is provided below the beam and arranged along the beam,
The upper end of the frame material is in contact with the heat insulating material,
The heat insulating material is covered with a moisture-proof film extending from the contact portion with the upper end of the frame material to the inside of the building.
Structure of inter-floor space. The structure of claim 7 , wherein the moisture-proof film includes a rising portion that rises toward the top of the beam .