JP5275896B2 - Floor slabs and buildings - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a lightweight floor slab with specific antiplane rigidity, and a building which includes this floor slab. <P>SOLUTION: In this floor slab 10, a core section 18 is formed between a metal lower plate 16 and a metal upper plate 20 arranged on top of this lower plate 16. At least either one of the lower plate 16 or the upper plate 20 is smaller in its area facing the core section 18 than the area of upper side or lower side on the core section 18. Thereby, the floor slab 10 has a certain sandwich structure as an integrated combination of the lower plate 16, the core section 18 and the upper plate 20 so as to acquire specific antiplane rigidity. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a sandwich slab and a building having the slab.

  Floor slabs used in buildings are often formed from reinforced concrete. A reinforced concrete floor slab requires a certain thickness in order to obtain a predetermined out-of-plane rigidity. Therefore, the weight tends to increase. For this reason, the structural cross section of members such as columns and beams that support the slab must be enlarged. Moreover, since the precast floor slab formed of reinforced concrete is heavy, handling at the time of conveyance and installation becomes inconvenient.

  In order to solve this problem, a lightweight concrete slab has been proposed. For example, as shown in FIG. 29, in the precast concrete floor board 300 of Patent Document 1, a concrete floor board 302 and a metal thin plate 304 constituting the upper surface and the lower surface of the precast concrete floor board 300 are attached to the peripheral frame frame 306. ing. A sealed space formed by the concrete floor plate 302, the metal thin plate 304, and the peripheral frame 306 is filled with foamed resin 308. That is, the core portion of the precast concrete floor board 300 is constituted by the concrete floor board 302 and the foamed resin 308.

Accordingly, the foamed resin 308 is used for a part of the precast concrete floor board 300 to reduce the weight of the precast concrete floor board 300, and the out-of-plane rigidity of the precast concrete floor board 300 is increased by introducing film tension into the metal thin plate 304. Can be improved.
However, the weight of the portion of the concrete floor board 302 is the same as that of the conventional slab concrete slab, and further weight reduction is desired.

JP 2006-112170 A

  In view of such facts, an object of the present invention is to provide a lightweight floor slab having predetermined out-of-plane rigidity and a building having the floor slab.

The first aspect of the invention includes a metal lower plate, a metal upper plate disposed above the lower plate, and the lower plate and the upper plate formed between the lower plate and the upper plate. And at least one of the lower plate and the upper plate is a floor slab whose area facing the core portion is smaller than the area of the lower surface or the upper surface of the core portion.

In the first aspect of the invention, the core portion is formed between the metal lower plate and the metal upper plate disposed above the lower plate. The core portion is integrated with the lower plate and the upper plate.
At least one of the lower plate and the upper plate has an area facing the core portion that is smaller than the area of the lower surface or the upper surface of the core portion. That is, the area facing the core portion of the lower plate is smaller than the area of the lower surface of the core portion, the area facing the core portion of the upper plate is smaller than the area of the upper surface of the core portion, or opposed to the core portion of the lower plate And the area facing the core part of the upper plate is smaller than the area of the upper surface of the core part.

  Therefore, the floor slab in which the lower plate, the core portion, and the upper plate are integrated constitutes a sandwich structure. When a bending load is applied to the sandwich structure floor slab, a compressive force is generated at the upper part of the floor slab, and a tensile force is generated at the lower part of the floor slab. A predetermined out-of-plane rigidity can be obtained by mainly resisting the upper plate and the lower plate against these forces.

Further, due to the sandwich structure, the secondary moment of section composed of the lower plate and the upper plate is much larger than the value obtained by simply adding the single sectional secondary moments of the lower plate and the upper plate. Thereby, large out-of-plane rigidity can be obtained efficiently.
And it becomes possible to reduce floor vibration by ensuring large out-of-plane rigidity, and thereby, comfort can be improved.

Further, since the upper and lower plates made of metal have high strength and rigidity, the upper and lower plates can be made thin. Thereby, a floor slab can be lightened.
In addition, since a metal lower plate is present for a vertical load acting on the floor slab, creep deformation which is a problem in a general reinforced concrete floor slab does not occur.

  Further, when a floor slab is manufactured by fixing the lower plate and the upper plate to the formed core portion, at least one of the lower plate and the upper plate has an area facing the core portion that is smaller than the area of the lower surface or the upper surface of the core portion. Therefore, the labor of fixing work can be reduced, and the material cost of at least one of the lower plate and the upper plate can be reduced.

  Moreover, a core part is formed using the material which hardens | cures completely by performing an autoclave curing, A lower board, a core part, and an upper board are united with this core part formation (when material hardens | cures). In the case of producing a floor slab, steam can be circulated through a portion where no lower plate or upper plate is provided during autoclave curing. That is, autoclave curing can be effectively performed in a state where the lower plate and the upper plate are provided in the core portion.

According to a second aspect of the invention, in the floor slab of the first aspect, at least one of the lower plate and the upper plate is disposed in a strip shape over the entire length of the core portion.

In the invention of the second aspect , since at least one of the lower plate and the upper plate is disposed in a strip shape over the entire length of the core portion, the out-of-plane rigidity is imposed on the lower plate and the upper plate over the entire length of the core portion. Can be made.

According to a third aspect of the invention, in the floor slab of the first aspect , the lower plate has an area facing the core portion equal to an area of the lower surface of the core portion, and the upper plate is an area facing the core portion. Is smaller than the area of the upper surface of the core portion.

In the invention of the third aspect , since the lower plate has an area facing the core portion equal to the area of the lower surface of the core portion, the lower plate is used as a mold for forming the core portion by placing material. Can also be used.

  Further, since the portion where the upper plate is not disposed becomes an opening, the material for forming the core portion can be introduced from this opening. That is, it is not necessary to separately provide an opening for introducing a material for placement.

According to a fourth aspect of the invention, in the floor slab of any one of the first to third aspects, the lower plate has a downwardly convex shape.

In the fourth aspect of the invention, when a vertical load is applied to the floor slab, a tensile force (a force for pulling up both ends of the lower plate obliquely upward) is generated on the lower plate that is convex downward. And the effect which pushes up the whole floor slab upward by the tensile force of a lower board arises, and the bending moment which arises in a floor slab is reduced. Thereby, since the stress which generate | occur | produces inside a floor slab becomes small, the shear strength required for a core part and the buckling strength required for an upper board can be made small.
Further, since the tensile rigidity of the lower plate having a downwardly convex shape greatly contributes to the out-of-plane rigidity of the floor slab, the out-of-plane rigidity can be effectively improved.

According to a fifth aspect of the invention, in the floor slab of any one of the first to fourth aspects, buckling prevention means for preventing buckling of the upper plate is provided on the lower surface of the upper plate.

In the fifth aspect of the invention, buckling prevention means for preventing buckling of the upper plate is provided on the lower surface of the upper plate.
Therefore, when a compressive force is generated in the upper part of the floor slab composed of the upper plate and the core portion, the upper plate can be prevented from being compressed and buckled. Thereby, since a compressive force can be borne even with an upper plate having a thin plate thickness, a predetermined out-of-plane rigidity as a floor slab can be obtained.

According to a sixth aspect of the invention, in the floor slab of any one of the first to fifth aspects, the core portion is formed of lightweight cellular concrete, lightweight concrete, or foamable resin.

In the sixth aspect of the invention, the shear rigidity required for the core part can be ensured by forming the core part from lightweight cellular concrete, lightweight concrete, or foamable resin.
Therefore, the floor slab can be reduced in weight and a predetermined out-of-plane rigidity can be obtained.

The invention of the seventh aspect is a building having the floor slab of any one of the first to sixth aspects .

In the invention of the seventh aspect , it is possible to construct a building having a lightweight floor slab having a predetermined out-of-plane rigidity.

  Since this invention set it as the said structure, the lightweight floor slab which has predetermined | prescribed out-plane rigidity, and the building which has this floor slab can be provided.

It is a perspective view which shows the floor slab which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is the top view and front view which show the floor slab which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the manufacturing method of the floor slab which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the manufacturing method of the floor slab which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view which shows the modification of the floor slab which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the modification of the floor slab which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the modification of the manufacturing method of the floor slab which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the modification of the floor slab which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the effect | action of the modification of the floor slab which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the modification of the floor slab which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the modification of the floor slab which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the joining method of the floor slab which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the modification of the joining method of the floor slab which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the joining method of the floor slab which concerns on the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the modification of the joining method of the floor slab which concerns on the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the modification of the joining method of the floor slab which concerns on the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view which shows the modification of the floor slab which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a top view which shows the modification of the floor slab which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a top view which shows the modification of the floor slab which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a top view which shows the modification of the floor slab which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the modification of the floor slab which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the modification of the manufacturing method of the floor slab which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the modification of the manufacturing method of the floor slab which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the modification of the manufacturing method of the floor slab which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the modification of the manufacturing method of the floor slab which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a top view which shows the modification of the manufacturing method of the floor slab which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a diagram which shows the experimental result of the floor slab which concerns on the Example of this invention. It is a side view which shows the experiment method of the floor slab which concerns on the Example of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the conventional precast concrete floor board.

The floor slab and building of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
First, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described.

As shown in the perspective view of FIG. 1, the floor slab 10 is installed on two H-shaped steels 12 and 14 arranged opposite to each other, and is used as a one-way slab constituting a floor structure of a building.
The floor slab 10 includes a metal lower plate 16, a core portion 18, and a metal upper plate 20. The core portion 18 is formed of lightweight cellular concrete U between the lower plate 16 and the upper plate 20 disposed above the lower plate 16. In the state of FIG. 1, the lower plate 16, the core portion 18, and the upper plate 20 are integrated. For the lower plate 16 and the upper plate 20, it is preferable to use plain steel or stainless steel.

  FIG. 2A is a plan view of the top surface of the floor slab 10 as viewed from above the floor slab 10. FIG. 2B is a plan view of the bottom surface of the floor slab 10 viewed from below the floor slab 10. As shown in FIG. 2 (c), which is a view taken along the line AA of FIG. 2 (a), the lower plate 16 and the upper plate 20 extend over the entire length of the core portion 18 in the support span direction 22 of the floor slab 10, In the horizontal direction 24 (hereinafter referred to as “width direction 24”) orthogonal to the support span direction 22, the core portion 18 is disposed in a strip shape at both ends of the lower surface and the upper surface.

  That is, the total area of the two lower plates 16 facing the core portion 18 is smaller than the area of the lower surface of the core portion 18, and the total area of the two upper plates 20 facing the core portion 18. Is smaller than the area of the upper surface of the core portion 18.

  As shown in FIG. 2C, in the first embodiment, the core portion 18 is formed between the lower plate 16 and the upper plate 20. This means that the core portion 18 is not formed only directly under the plate 20 but the core portion 18 is formed in the entire region between the lower layer having the lower plate 16 and the upper layer having the upper plate 20. .

The floor slab 10 can be manufactured, for example, by the floor slab manufacturing method shown in FIGS.
First, as shown in FIG. 3A which is a perspective view of FIG. 4 and a BB arrow view of FIG. 4, the base 26 is installed at a predetermined distance. And the lower board 16 is arrange | positioned on the base 26 (lower board arrangement | positioning process). The lower plate 16 is held on the base 26 so as not to move from this position when the lightweight cellular concrete U is thrown into the space W in which the core portion 18 is formed, and the lightweight cellular concrete U is completely cured. The core part 18 is temporarily fixed to the pedestal 26 using a method that can be removed from the pedestal 26 after the core part 18 is formed. For example, the lower plate 16 may be temporarily fixed to the pedestal 26 using a double-sided adhesive tape.

  A plate-like bottom mold 28 is detachably installed between pedestals 26 installed at a predetermined distance. With the bottom mold 28 installed, the bottom surface of the lower plate 16 and the bottom The upper surface of the mold 28 is flush with the upper surface.

Next, the side molds 30 and 32 are arranged so as to surround the space W. The side mold frame 30 is disposed so as to face the end face in the width direction 24 of the space W, and the side mold frame 32 is disposed so as to face the end face in the support span direction 22 of the space W.
With the arrangement as described above, the lower portions of the side molds 30 and 32 are detachably fixed to the pedestal 26.

  Next, a prismatic upper plate temporary fixing member 34 is laid on the side molds 30 arranged facing each other. A plurality of upper plate temporary fixing members 34 are arranged at equal intervals in the support span direction 22 and are fixed to the side mold 30 by bolts 36.

Next, the upper plate 20 is arranged on the lower surface of the upper plate temporary fixing member 34 (upper plate arranging step). That is, the upper plate 20 is disposed above the lower plate 16 and separated from the lower plate 16.
The upper plate 20 is held on the lower surface of the upper plate temporary fixing member 34 so as not to move from this position when the lightweight cellular concrete U is put into the space W, and the core portion in which the lightweight cellular concrete U is semi-cured. Then, the upper plate temporary fixing member 34 is temporarily fixed to the upper plate temporary fixing member 34 using a method in which the upper plate temporary fixing member 34 can be removed. For example, the upper plate 20 may be temporarily fixed to the upper plate temporary fixing member 34 using a double-sided adhesive tape.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 3 (b), lightweight lightweight concrete U is poured into a space W surrounded by the bottom mold 28, the lower plate 16, the side molds 30, 32, and the upper plate 20, and the space Spread lightweight cellular concrete U over the entire area of W.

  Next, as shown in FIG.3 (c), after the lightweight cellular concrete U becomes the core part 18 of a semi-hardened state, the upper board temporary fixing member 34 is removed, the side mold frames 30 and 32, and a bottom mold frame 28 is demolded. The semi-cured state means a state in which the lightweight cellular concrete U is cured to such an extent that the shape of the core portion 18 is maintained in a state where the side molds 30 and 32 and the bottom mold 28 are removed.

  Next, in the state of FIG.3 (c), the core part 18 is autoclave-cured and the core part 18 is hardened completely, and the floor slab 10 is completed. At this time, the lower plate 16, the core portion 18, and the upper plate 20 are integrated.

  That is, in the core portion forming step shown in FIGS. 3B and 3C, the core portion 18 is formed between the lower plate 16 and the upper plate 20 by the lightweight cellular concrete U, and the lower portion is formed by the formation of the core portion 18. The plate 16, the core portion 18, and the upper plate 20 are integrated.

  If the floor slab 10 is manufactured by such a method (the manufacturing method of the floor slab shown in FIGS. 3A to 3C), the lower plate 16 is formed by forming the core portion 18 (hardening the lightweight cellular concrete U). Since the core portion 18 and the upper plate 20 are integrated, an adhesive for fixing the lower plate 16 and the upper plate 20 to the core portion 18 is not required, and the floor slab 10 can be manufactured reasonably. it can.

  Further, at the time of autoclave curing for completely curing the core portion 18 in a semi-cured state, high temperature steam can be circulated in the core portion 18 through a portion where the lower plate 16 and the upper plate 20 are not provided. . That is, autoclave curing can be effectively performed in a state where the lower plate 16 and the upper plate 20 are provided in the core portion 18.

  Next, the operation and effect of the first embodiment of the present invention will be described.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the floor slab 10 of the first embodiment constitutes a sandwich structure in which a lower plate 16, a core portion 18, and an upper plate 20 are integrated. When a bending load is applied to the sandwich structure floor slab 10, a compressive force is generated at the upper part of the floor slab 10, and a tensile force is generated at the lower part of the floor slab 10. A predetermined out-of-plane rigidity can be obtained by mainly resisting the lower plate 16 and the upper plate 20 against these forces.

Further, due to the sandwich structure, the secondary moment of section composed of the lower plate 16 and the upper plate 20 is much larger than the value obtained by simply adding the single sectional secondary moments of the lower plate 16 and the upper plate 20. Thereby, the floor slab 10 can obtain large out-of-plane rigidity efficiently.
And it becomes possible to reduce floor vibration by ensuring large out-of-plane rigidity, and thereby, comfort can be improved.

Further, since the metal lower plate 16 and upper plate 20 have high strength and rigidity, the lower plate 16 and upper plate 20 can be made thin. Thereby, the floor slab 10 can be lightened.
Moreover, since the metal lower plate 16 exists with respect to the vertical load which acts on the floor slab 10, the creep deformation which is a problem in a general reinforced concrete floor slab does not occur.

  Further, since the lower plate 16 and the upper plate 20 are arranged in a strip shape over the entire length of the core portion 18 in the support span direction 22 of the floor slab 10, the lower plate 16 and the upper plate are extended over the entire length of the core portion 18. 20 can be loaded with out-of-plane rigidity.

  In addition, by forming the core portion 18 from the lightweight cellular concrete U, it is possible to easily ensure the shear rigidity normally required for the core portion 18. Thereby, while reducing the weight of the floor slab 10, predetermined out-of-plane rigidity can be obtained.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 2C, since the lower plate 16 and the upper plate 20 are embedded in the core portion 18, the exposed surface of the upper surface of the core portion 18, the upper surface of the upper plate 20, and the core portion. The exposed surface of the lower surface 18 and the lower surface of the lower plate 16 can be flush with each other.

  The first embodiment of the present invention has been described above.

  In the first embodiment, the example in which the upper plate 20 and the lower plate 16 are arranged in the belt shape at both ends of the upper and lower surfaces of the core portion 18 in the width direction 24 is shown. What is necessary is just to arrange | position the lower board 16 and the upper board 20 so that the sum total of the area which opposes at least one core part 18 may become smaller than the area of the lower surface or upper surface of the core part 18. FIG.

  For example, as shown in the plan views of FIGS. 5A to 5C, the lower plate 16 may be provided on the lower surface of the core portion 18 in various layouts, or the upper plate 20 may be provided on the upper surface of the core portion 18. Good. If the lower plate 16 and the upper plate 20 are disposed in strips at both ends of the lower surface and the upper surface of the core portion 18 in the width direction 24 as in the floor slab 10 of FIGS. 1 and 5C, the core portion 18 is damaged. It is possible to expect the effect of reinforcing the corner portion that is easy to do.

  Moreover, if the lower plate 16 and the upper plate 20 in FIGS. 5A to 5C are formed of the same metal material and the core portion 18 is formed of the lightweight cellular concrete U having the same composition, the lower plate 16 and the upper plate If the total volume of the plate 20 is the same, the out-of-plane rigidity of the floor slab 10 becomes substantially equal, and the out-of-plane rigidity of the floor slab 10 increases as the total volume of the lower plate 16 and the upper plate 20 increases. That is, the rigidity of the floor slab 10 can be controlled by the size (planar area) and thickness of the lower plate 16 and the upper plate 20 provided.

Further, in the first embodiment, the example in which the total area of the lower plate 16 facing the core portion 18 is made smaller than the area of the lower surface of the core portion 18 is shown, but as shown in FIG. The total area of the lower plate 38 that faces 18 may be equal to the area of the lower surface of the core portion 18. That is, the lower plate 38 may be disposed on the entire lower surface of the core portion 18.
In this way, the lower plate 38 can also be used as a mold for placing the lightweight cellular concrete U to form the core portion 18.

  Further, since the portion where the upper plate 20 is not disposed (between the upper plates 20 disposed on the left and right) becomes an opening, the lightweight cellular concrete U forming the core portion 18 is put into the space W from this opening. be able to. In other words, it is not necessary to separately provide an opening for introducing a material (lightweight cellular concrete U) for placement.

  In the first embodiment, an example in which the core portion 18 is formed of the lightweight cellular concrete U is shown. However, the material forming the core portion 18 has a density higher than that of ordinary concrete (concrete having a specific gravity of about 2.3). Is a small material, and any material having shear rigidity that can be realized as a floor slab having a sandwich structure may be used. For example, the material forming the core portion 18 may be lightweight concrete or foamable resin. General lightweight cellular concrete is a material suitable for the material forming the core portion 18 because an elastic coefficient of about 1,750 MPa is obtained.

  In the first embodiment, as an example of a method for producing a floor slab, a method in which the lower plate 16, the core portion 18, and the upper plate 20 are integrated by forming the core portion 18 (hardening the lightweight cellular concrete U). 7 (a) and 7 (b), the lower plate 16 and the upper plate 20 are fixed to the core portion 18 that has been cured and completely cured by autoclave curing. Manufacturing may be performed. FIG. 7A shows a state before the lower plate 16 and the upper plate 20 are fixed to the core portion 18, and FIG. 7B shows the lower plate 16 and the upper plate on the core portion 18. The state where 20 is fixed is shown.

  In this case, the floor slab 10 includes a core portion forming step for forming the core portion 18, a lower plate fixing step for fixing the lower plate 16 to the lower surface of the core portion 18 with an adhesive K, and an upper plate on the upper surface of the core portion 18. And an upper plate fixing step of fixing 20 with an adhesive K. As the adhesive K, an epoxy resin-based, silicone resin-based, polyamide-based adhesive, or the like can be used.

If the floor slab manufacturing method shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B is used, the floor slab 10 can be manufactured on site.
Further, the out-of-plane rigidity of the floor slab 10 can be freely set by selecting the size of the lower plate 16 and the upper plate 20.
In addition, since the lower plate 16 and the upper plate 20 can be fixed to the core portion 18 immediately before the floor slab 10 is installed, it is possible to flexibly cope with design changes and the like.

  In addition, since at least one of the lower plate 16 and the upper plate 20 may have a smaller area facing the core portion 18 than the area of the lower surface or the upper surface of the core portion 18, it is possible to reduce the labor of fixing work. Moreover, the material cost of at least one of the lower plate 16 and the upper plate 20 can be reduced.

  Further, in the first embodiment, an example in which the lower plate 16 is a flat plate is shown, but the lower plate is convex downward as in the floor slab 38 shown in the side views of FIGS. It is good also as lower board 40A-40C used as a shape. FIG. 8A shows a lower plate 40A curved downward, FIG. 8B shows a downwardly angled lower plate 40B, and FIG. A convex trapezoidal lower plate 40C is shown.

As shown in FIG. 9A, in a model in which the lower plate 44 of the floor slab 42 is convex downward (curved downward), a vertical load acts on the entire upper surface of the floor slab 42. When a bending load is applied to the floor slab 42 (with an evenly distributed load ω _{0 in the} vertical direction), the lower plate 44 having a downwardly convex shape as shown in FIG. Tensile force T is generated to pull up both ends of the diagonally upward.

And the effect which pushes up the whole floor slab 42 upwards with the tensile force T which generate | occur | produces in the lower board 44 arises (push-up force (omega) ₁ ), and as shown in the bending moment figure of FIG.9 (c), it arises in the floor slab 42 Bending moment is reduced. The horizontal axis of FIG. 9C shows the distance from the left end of the floor slab 42, and the vertical axis of FIG. 9C shows the floor when the evenly distributed load ω ₀ is applied to the floor slab 42. The bending moment that occurs in the plate 42 is shown. The dotted line portion has a reduced bending moment.
Moreover, since the tensile rigidity of the lower plate 44 having a downward convex shape greatly contributes to the out-of-plane rigidity of the floor slab 42, the out-of-plane rigidity can be effectively improved.

  By reducing the bending moment generated in the floor slab 38 (see FIGS. 8A to 8C) based on such a principle, the stress generated in the floor slab 38 is reduced, and the floor slab 38 is reduced. Can be reduced. Further, the shear strength required for the core portion 18 and the buckling strength required for the upper plate 20 can be reduced. For example, a material having a low shear strength can be used as the material forming the core portion 18.

  In the first embodiment, the thickness of the lower plate and the upper plate is uniform over the entire length. However, the thickness may be changed with respect to the total length of the lower plate and the upper plate. . For example, as shown in the side views of FIGS. 10A and 10B, the lower plates 46 and 50 and the upper plates 48 and 52 near the center portion in the support span direction 22 of the floor slab 10 where the bending moment increases. The thickness may be larger than other portions.

  Moreover, you may provide the ribs 54 and 56 formed with the thin steel plate as a buckling prevention means which prevents the buckling of this upper board 20 in the lower surface of the upper board 20 shown in 1st Embodiment. As shown in the side view of FIG. 11A, the ribs 54 and 56 are arranged at equal intervals in the support span direction 22 of the floor slab 10. The ribs 54 and 56 are provided so as to be substantially orthogonal to the lower surface of the upper plate 20, and the upper end portions are joined to the upper plate 20 by welding or the like.

  11 (b) shows an example in which ribs 54 are provided over the entire length 24 of the floor slab 10 in the width direction. In the plan view of FIG. 11 (c), just below the upper plate 20 is shown. An example in which the rib 56 is provided only in FIG.

  If it does in this way, when compressive force generate | occur | produces in the upper part of the floor slab 10 which has the upper board 20 and the core part 18, it can prevent that the upper board 20 carries out compression buckling. Therefore, the upper plate 20 having a small plate thickness can bear the compressive force.

  The buckling prevention means may be any method that can prevent buckling of the upper portion of the floor slab, and a method that enhances the integration of the upper surface of the core portion 18 and the upper plate 20 may be used. For example, a buckling prevention means may be provided on the lower surface of the upper plate 20 and may be a protruding member (stud, embossing, etc.) that enhances the integration between the lower surface of the upper plate 20 and the upper surface of the core portion 18, or an adhesive. Thus, the integration of the core portion 18 and the upper plate 20 may be enhanced. As the adhesive, an epoxy resin, silicone resin, polyamide adhesive, or the like can be used.

  Next, a second embodiment of the present invention and its operation and effect will be described.

In the description of the second embodiment, the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and are appropriately omitted.
The front view of FIGS. 12A and 12B shows a method for joining the floor slab 58. FIG. 12A shows a state before the floor slab 58 is joined, and FIG. 12B shows a state where the floor slab 58 is joined.

  In the floor slab 58 shown in FIG. 2C, the floor slab 58 is formed by forming a notch 60 at an end portion in the width direction 24 of the core portion 18. In FIG. 12A, a cutout 60 is formed on the upper surface of the right end portion of the core portion 18 disposed on the left side, and a cutout 60 is formed on the lower surface of the left end portion of the core portion 18 disposed on the right side. ing. As a result, the protrusion 62 that is not cut off at the end in the width direction 24 of the core 18 is inserted into the cutout 60.

The projecting portion 62 of the core portion 18 disposed on the left side has the lower plate 16 provided on the lower surface of the projecting portion 62, and the projecting portion 62 of the core portion 18 disposed on the right side is formed of the projecting portion 62. An upper plate 20 is provided on the upper surface. Moreover, the through-hole 64 penetrated in the perpendicular direction is formed in the projection part 62, and as shown in FIG.12 (b), the projection parts 62 arrange | positioned up and down with the volt | bolt 66 penetrated through the through-hole 64 mutually. The bolts. As a result, the core portions 18 arranged on the left and right are joined together.
By using such a joining method in which the protrusions 62 are inserted into the notches 60, it is possible to prevent misunderstandings that occur at the joints between the core parts 18 and to improve sound insulation.

  The notch formed at the end in the width direction 24 of the core portion 18 may have a groove shape as shown in the front views of FIGS. FIGS. 13A and 13B show a method for joining the floor slab 68. FIG. 13A shows a state before the floor slab 68 is joined, and FIG. 13B shows a state where the floor slab 68 is joined.

  In the floor slab 10 shown in FIG. 2 (c), the floor slab 68 is formed with a groove portion 70 at one of the end portions in the width direction 24 of the core portion 18, and the groove portion at the other end portion in the width direction 24 of the core portion 18. The convex part 72 inserted in 70 is formed.

  And as shown to Fig.13 (a), (b), after apply | coating an adhesive agent (not shown) to the joint surface of the floor slabs 68 arrange | positioned on either side, the convex part 72 is inserted in the groove part 70. FIG. The floor slabs 68 arranged on the left and right are joined together.

  The second embodiment of the present invention has been described above.

  In addition, in 2nd Embodiment, the example which joins the floor slabs 58 with the volt | bolt 66 in FIG. 12 (a), (b) is shown, and in FIG. 13 (a), (b), a floor slab is used with an adhesive agent. Although the example which joins 68 was shown, floor slabs 58 may be joined with an adhesive agent and floor slabs 68 may be joined with a bolt.

  Next, a third embodiment of the present invention and its operation and effect will be described.

In the description of the third embodiment, components having the same configurations as those of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and are appropriately omitted.
14A to 14C are manufactured by fixing the lower plate 16 and the upper plate 20 to the cured core portion 18 in the same manner as the method described in FIGS. 7A and 7B. The joining method of the floor slab 10 to be performed is shown. FIGS. 14A and 14B show a state before the floor slab 10 is joined, and FIG. 14C shows a state where the floor slab 10 is joined. Concave portions 74 and 76 in which the lower plate 16 or the upper plate 20 is disposed are formed at the ends in the width direction 24 of the upper and lower surfaces of the core portion 18 in FIGS.

As a method for joining the floor slabs 10, first, as shown in FIG. 14A, the core portions 18 are arranged adjacent to each other (core portion arranging step).
Next, the lower plate 16 and the upper plate 20 are arranged from one side of the adjacent core portion 18 to the other, and the lower plate 16 and the upper plate 20 are fixed to the core portion 18 with an adhesive (not shown) (core portion). Connecting step). As a result, the floor slabs 10 arranged on the left and right are joined together. In addition, you may apply | coat an adhesive agent to the joint surface (end surface of the core part 18) of the adjacent core part 18. FIG. Further, only one of the lower plate 16 and the upper plate 20 may be arranged from one of the adjacent core portions 18 to the other.

  If such a joining method is used, since the lower plate 16 and the upper plate 20 can be fixed to the core portion 18 simultaneously with the connecting operation of the core portion 18, the total required from the manufacture of the floor slab 10 to the installation thereof. As a result, the labor required can be reduced.

  Heretofore, the third embodiment of the present invention has been described.

  Note that the floor slabs may be joined to each other by the method shown in FIGS. 15A and 15B and FIGS. 16A to 16C by applying the third embodiment.

  FIG. 15A shows a state before the floor slab 10 is joined, and FIG. 15B shows a state where the floor slab 10 is joined. In this joining method, the lower plate 16 or the upper plate 20 is fixed in advance to one of the core portions 18 arranged adjacent to each other.

  16A and 16B show a state before the floor slab 80 is joined, and FIG. 16C shows a state where the floor slab 80 is joined. In this method, bonding is performed by filling mortar V as a hardening material between core portions 18 arranged adjacent to each other. In FIG. 16A, the lower plate 16 is fixed to the core portion 18 with an adhesive (not shown).

  In this joining method, as shown in FIG. 16B, the lower plate 16 can be used as a bottom mold when the mortar V is placed. In addition, as shown to Fig.16 (a), it is preferable to form the cotter groove | channel 78 in the joint surface (end surface) of the core parts 18. FIG. Further, as shown in FIG. 16C, the lower plate 16 and the upper plate 20 are alternately arranged with respect to the width direction 24 in a state where the core portions 18 arranged adjacent to each other are joined. Yes.

  The first to third embodiments of the present invention have been described above.

  In the first to third embodiments, the example in which the lower plate 16 and the upper plate 20 are arranged over the entire length of the core portion 18 in the support span direction 22 has been shown. You may arrange | position to a part of full length of the core part 18 of the support span direction 22. FIG. For example, the lower plate 16 and the upper plate 20 may be arranged like a floor slab 82 shown in FIGS.

  FIG. 17A is a plan view of the top surface of the floor slab 82 as viewed from above the floor slab 82. The upper plate 20 is disposed at both ends of the core portion 18 in the support span direction 22, and the upper portion of the core portion 18 bears the compressive force acting on the floor slab 82.

FIG. 17B is a plan view of the bottom surface of the floor slab 82 as viewed from below the floor slab 82. The lower plate 16 is arranged at the center of the support span direction 22 of the core portion 18, and the lower plate 16 is not arranged at both ends of the support portion direction 22 of the core portion 18 where the bending moment is theoretically zero.
17A and 17B, the lower plate 16 and the upper plate 20 provided in the core portion 18 can be reduced, and the floor slab 82 can be reduced in weight.

  Moreover, in the 1st-3rd embodiment, although the example which uses the floor slab 10,38,58,68,80 as a one-way slab which comprises the floor structure of a building was shown, the floor structure of a building is shown. The floor slabs 10, 38, 58, 68 and 80 can be applied to the two-way slab to be constructed. For example, the floor slabs 84, 90, and 92 shown in FIGS. 18A, 18B, 19A to 19C, and 20A to 20C may be used. 18 (a), 18 (b), 19 (a) to 19 (c), and 20 (a) to 20 (c), an arrow 86 indicates a support span X direction (hereinafter, “support span X direction 86”). The arrow 88 indicates a support span Y direction orthogonal to the support span X direction 86 (hereinafter referred to as “support span Y direction 88”).

  FIG. 18A is a plan view of the top surface of the floor slab 84 as viewed from above the floor slab 84. The upper plate 20 is disposed at the peripheral edge of the core portion 18 (both ends of the support span X direction 86 and the support span Y direction 88 of the core portion 18), and the compressive force acting on the floor slab 84 is the center of the core portion 18. The upper part bears.

  FIG. 18B is a plan view of the bottom surface of the floor slab 84 as viewed from below the floor slab 84. The lower plate 16 is disposed at the center of the core 18 (the center of the core 18 in the support span X direction 86 and the support span Y direction 88), and the peripheral edge of the core 18 where the bending moment is theoretically zero. The lower plate 16 is not disposed in the part.

  FIG. 19A is a plan view of the top surface of the floor slab 90 viewed from above the floor slab 90, FIG. 19B is a view taken along the line CC of FIG. 19A, and FIG. As shown in FIG. 19C, which is a DD arrow view, in the floor slab 90, the upper plate 20 and the lower plate 16 formed in a lattice shape are provided on the upper and lower surfaces of the core portion 18. As shown in FIGS. 19B and 19C, the upper plate 20 and the lower plate 16 are embedded in the core portion 18, thereby ensuring the flatness of the upper and lower surfaces of the floor slab 90.

  FIG. 20A is a plan view of the top surface of the floor slab 92 as viewed from above the floor slab 92, and FIG. 20B is a view taken along the line E-E of FIG. 20A, and FIG. As shown in FIG. 20C, which is a view taken along the line FF, in the floor slab 92, the upper plate 20 and the lower plate 16 formed in a strip shape are arranged in a grid pattern on the upper and lower surfaces of the core portion 18. Yes. In the floor slab 92, the out-of-plane rigidity given to the floor slab 92 can be adjusted by setting the arrangement pitch of the upper plate 20 and the lower plate 16.

  In the first to third embodiments, an example in which the peripheral frame is not provided at the end of the floor slabs 10, 38, 58, 68, and 80 is shown. However, the floor slabs 10, 38, 58, 68, and 80 are illustrated. You may provide peripheral frames, such as a shape steel, in the edge part. For example, as shown in the perspective view of FIG. 21, C-type steel materials 94 may be provided at both ends of the support slab direction 22 of the floor slab 10.

In the first embodiment, an example in which one floor slab 10 is manufactured by the floor slab manufacturing method shown in FIGS. 3A to 3C is shown. However, a plurality of floor slabs 10 are manufactured at a time. May be.
For example, a plurality of floor slabs 10 can be manufactured at a time by a floor slab maker 96 shown in the perspective view of FIG. The slab maker 96 includes a mold 98 into which the lightweight cellular concrete U is poured, and a moving partition plate 100 (see FIG. 24) that is detachably disposed on the mold 98.

  The mold 98 is formed in a steel box shape, and is composed of side plates 102A and 102B erected opposite to each other, side plates 104A and 104B erected orthogonally to the side plates 102A and 102B, and a bottom plate 106. Has been.

  The side plates 102A, 102B, 104A, 104B and the bottom plate 106 are joined to each other by bolts (not shown) or the like, and when the lightweight cellular concrete U is poured into the mold 98, the lightweight cellular concrete U leaks from the joint. A sealing process is applied to the joint so as not to occur.

  Fixed partition plates 108A and 108B are fixed to the side plates 104A and 104B so that the inner surfaces of the side plates 104A and 104B and the plate surfaces 118A and 118B are substantially orthogonal to each other. A plurality of fixed partition plates 108A and 108B are arranged at equal intervals with respect to the short direction 114 of the side plates 104A and 104B, and this interval is the thickness of the floor slab 10 in the vertical direction.

Grooves 112 into which the protruding portions 110 formed at the side end portions of the movable partition plate 100 are inserted are formed on the front end surfaces of the fixed partition plates 108A and 108B facing the inside of the mold 98.
Further, a plurality of through holes 116 are formed in portions where the fixed partition plates 108A and 108B are not fixed on the side plates 104A and 104B.

  As shown in the perspective view of FIG. 23, the method of manufacturing a plurality of floor slabs 10 by the floor slab manufacturing device 96 is as follows. First, as shown in FIG. Is attached with a double-sided tape with weak adhesive force, and the lower plate 16 is attached with a double-sided tape with weak adhesive force on the plate surfaces 118B of the fixed partition plates 108A and 108B and the inner surface of the side plate 102B.

  Further, all the through holes 116 are closed with plugs 120 so that the lightweight cellular concrete U does not leak from the through holes 116 when the lightweight cellular concrete U is poured into the mold 98 (plan view of FIG. 26 (a)). checking).

  Next, as shown in the perspective view of FIG. 24, after the lightweight cellular concrete U is poured into the mold 98, the protruding portion 110 of the moving partition plate 100 is inserted into the groove 112 of the fixed partition plates 108A and 108B. Then, the movable partition plate 100 is inserted between the fixed partition plate 108A and the fixed partition plate 108B, and the movable partition plate 100 is disposed in the mold 98 (see the plan view of FIG. 26B). The moving partition plate 100 may be placed in the mold 98 before the lightweight cellular concrete U is poured into the mold 98.

  Next, after the lightweight cellular concrete U becomes the core part 18 in a semi-cured state, the movable partition plate 100 is pulled out, and the side plates 102A and 102B are removed from the mold. The semi-cured state means a state where the lightweight cellular concrete U is cured to such an extent that the shape of the core portion 18 is maintained in a state where the movable partition plate 100 is pulled out and the side plates 102A and 102B are removed from the mold.

Next, as shown in the perspective view of FIG. 25, after removing all the plugs 120, the core portion 18 is autoclaved and the core portion 18 is completely cured to complete a plurality of floor slabs 10 (FIG. 26). (See the top view of (c)).
Next, the side plates 104A and 104B and the bottom plate 106 are removed from the mold, and a plurality of floor slabs 10 are taken out.

  In this way, even when a plurality of floor slabs 10 are manufactured at a time, a portion in which the lower plate 16 and the upper plate 20 are not provided during autoclave curing for completely curing the semi-cured core portion 18. The high-temperature steam (arrow 122) can be circulated in the core portion 18 via. That is, autoclave curing can be effectively performed in a state where the lower plate 16 and the upper plate 20 are provided in the core portion 18.

Moreover, you may give the device for improving out-of-plane rigidity to the floor slab 10, 38, 58, 68, 80 shown in the 1st-3rd embodiment. For example, the reinforcing bars may be arranged inside the floor slab so as to have a downwardly convex shape over the support span direction 22, and the lower ends of the reinforcing bars are in contact with the reinforcing bars in FIGS. Ribs 54 and 56 shown in FIG. Further, for example, an X-shaped reinforcing plate may be provided on the lower surface of the upper plates 20, 48, 52 of the floor slabs 10, 38, 58, 68, 80 in a plan view.
Further, the floor slab may be further reduced in weight by forming a hollow portion inside the floor slab 10, 38, 58, 68, 80 shown in the first to third embodiments.

  The first to third embodiments of the present invention have been described above, but the present invention is not limited to such embodiments, and the first to third embodiments may be used in combination. Needless to say, the present invention can be implemented in various modes without departing from the gist of the present invention.

(Example)

In this example, experimental results performed on the floor slab 10 shown in the first embodiment of the present invention will be described.
FIG. 27 is a graph of the results of experiments performed on the floor slab 10 shown in FIGS. 2 (a) to 2 (c) and FIG. 5 (a). The horizontal axis shows the displacement in the center of the support span direction 22 of the floor slab 10, and the vertical axis shows the value of the load P applied to the floor slab 10.

  Values 124, 126, 128, 130, and 132 in FIG. 27 are measured values of a four-point bending test performed on the floor slab 10 having a total length in the support span direction 22 of 3,000 mm. A load P was applied to the floor slab 10 so that a load of P / 2 would act on the dimensional position shown in FIG.

The value 124 in FIG. 5 (a), 600 mm length _{L 1} of the slab 10 in the width direction 24, the length _{L 2} of the lower plate 16 in the width direction 24 300 mm, the length of the upper plate 20 in the width direction 24 is a value when the _{L 3} was 2.3 mm 300 mm, the thickness of the upper 20 and lower plate 16 are. The maximum load was 49.8 kN.

The value 126 in FIG. 5 (a), the length of the deck 600mm length _{L 1} of 10, the length _{L 2} of the lower plate 16 in the width direction 24 400 mm, the upper plate 20 in the width direction 24 in the width direction 24 is 400mm and _{L 3,} which is a value obtained when a 1.2mm thickness of the upper plate 20 and lower plate 16. The maximum load was 48.3 kN.

The value 128 in FIG. 5 (a), 600 mm length _{L 1} of the slab 10 in the width direction 24, the length _{L 2} of the lower plate 16 in the width direction 24 300 mm, the length of the upper plate 20 in the width direction 24 is a value when the _{L 3} was 1.2 mm 300 mm, the thickness of the upper 20 and lower plate 16 are. The maximum load was 40.0 kN.

2A and 2B, the value 130 is 600 mm for the length L ₁ of the floor slab 10 in the width direction 24, 150 mm for the length L ₂ of the lower plate 16 in the width direction 24, and above the width direction 24. 150mm length _{L 3} of the plate 20, which is a value obtained when a 1.2mm thickness of the upper plate 20 and lower plate 16. The maximum load was 42.6 kN.

The value 132 in FIG. 5 (a), 600 mm length _{L 1} of the slab 10 in the width direction 24, the length _{L 2} of the lower plate 16 in the width direction 24 200 mm, the length of the upper plate 20 in the width direction 24 is a value when the _{L 3} was 1.2 mm 200 mm, the thickness of the upper 20 and lower plate 16 are. The maximum load was 34.5 kN.

  In the values 124, 126, 128, 130, and 132, the lower plate 16 and the upper plate 20 are formed of the same metal material, and the core portion 18 is formed of the lightweight cellular concrete U having the same composition.

  According to the values 124, 126, 128, 130, and 132 in FIG. 27, the surface of the floor slab 10 increases as the total volume of the lower plate 16 and the upper plate 20 increases (the inclination of the values 124, 126, 128, 130, and 132 increases). It can be seen that the outer rigidity increases.

Since the total volume of the lower plate 16 and the upper plate 20 is equal to the value 128 and the value 130 in FIG. 27, the out-of-plane rigidity (inclination between the value 128 and the value 130) of the floor slab 10 is substantially equal.
Therefore, the out-of-plane rigidity can be controlled by the size (planar area) and thickness of the lower plate 16 and the upper plate 20 provided in the floor slab 10.

10, 38, 58, 68, 80, 82, 84, 90, 92 Floor slab 16, 40A to 40C, 46, 50 Lower plate 18 Core portion 20, 48, 52 Upper plate 54, 56 Rib (Buckling prevention means)
U Lightweight cellular concrete

Claims (6)

A metal base plate,
A metal upper plate disposed above the lower plate;
A core portion formed between the lower plate and the upper plate and integrated with the lower plate and the upper plate;
Have
The lower plate and the upper plate are arranged over the entire length in the support span direction of the core portion,
The lower plate has an area facing the core portion smaller than an area of the lower surface of the core portion, and the upper plate has an area facing the core portion smaller than an area of the upper surface of the core portion.
Alternatively, the lower plate has an area facing the core portion smaller than the area of the lower surface of the core portion, and the upper plate has a floor slab whose area facing the core portion is equal to the area of the upper surface of the core portion. . A metal base plate,
A metal upper plate disposed above the lower plate;
A core portion formed between the lower plate and the upper plate and integrated with the lower plate and the upper plate;
Have
The lower plate is a floor slab whose area facing the core portion is equal to the area of the lower surface of the core portion, and the upper plate is smaller in area facing the core portion than the area of the upper surface of the core portion. The floor slab according to claim 1, wherein the lower plate has a downwardly convex shape. The floor slab according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a buckling prevention means for preventing buckling of the upper plate is provided on a lower surface of the upper plate. The floor slab according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the core portion is formed of lightweight cellular concrete, lightweight concrete, or foamable resin. The building which has the floor slab of any one of Claims 1-5.

Images