JP4580048B2 - Automatic measuring method and automatic measuring apparatus for ball end mill tool - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an automatic measuring method and an automatic measuring apparatus for a ball end mill tool. More specifically, the present invention relates to an automatic measuring method and an automatic measuring apparatus for a ball end mill tool that automatically measures tool data of the ball end mill tool while the ball end mill tool is mounted on a spindle.
[0002]
[Background]
FIG. 8 shows the relationship when machining the workpiece W with the tool T (ball end mill tool Tb). Here, for convenience of explanation, a biaxial (X axis and Y axis) plane is shown. In the figure,
MO: Machine-specific machine origin (coordinates X0, Y0)
WO: Workpiece origin (coordinates: Xw, Yw)
It is.
[0003]
Generally, the machining program is created based on the machining origin WO of the workpiece W. That is, it is created in consideration of the final machining shape of the workpiece W with the machining origin WO of the workpiece W as a reference.
When the workpiece W is actually machined using the created machining program, a correction function for machining of the numerical control device such as tool length correction and tool diameter correction is used in consideration of the shape of the tool Tb.
[0004]
Regarding the correction function of the numerical control device, in order to correct the actual machining program, the coordinates of the machining position for cutting with the ball end mill tool Tb are required.
In particular, as shown in FIG. 8, when the ball end mill tool Tb is inclined and set by the attachment of the spindle head, when the ball end mill tool Tb is positioned at a certain coordinate position, each axial direction of the tool Tb In this case, the coordinate position of Y (min) in the Y-axis direction and X (max) in the X-axis direction is required.
[0005]
This is because if such tool data is known, the machining program can be corrected based on the tool data. For example, in FIG. 8, if a program for moving the tool T from the machining origin WO of the workpiece W to the coordinates (X1, Y1) has been created, the tool T is actually considered in consideration of the shape. This is because can be moved to the coordinates (X2, Y2).
[0006]
However, in a conventional machine tool, measurement of tool data such as the length and thickness (diameter) of the tool is not performed in a state where the ball end mill tool is mounted on the spindle.
Conventionally, to measure tool data for a ball end mill tool, use a tool presetter, etc. to observe the shape of the ball end mill tool, and manually record the tool data such as the length and thickness (diameter) of the ball end mill tool. It was measured by.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the conventional tool data measurement method does not measure the tool data with the ball end mill tool mounted on the spindle, so if it is tilted and set by the spindle head attachment, the tool shape Difficult to grasp accurate data.
[0008]
In addition, since automatic work machining requires time for storing tool data in advance, there is a problem that the total work machining time becomes long. In addition, when the same ball end mill tool is used for a long time, even if the shape changes due to wear, etc., the ball end mill tool must be removed from the spindle each time, and the removed tool must be manually measured. There was a problem that the total processing time of the workpiece was increased.
[0009]
The object of the present invention is to eliminate such a conventional problem and to measure the tool shape with the ball end mill tool mounted on the spindle so that the tool shape can be accurately measured, and the total machining of the workpiece is also possible. An object of the present invention is to provide an automatic measuring method and an automatic measuring apparatus for a ball end mill tool capable of reducing time.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The ball end mill tool automatic measuring method and automatic measuring apparatus according to the present invention employ the following configuration in order to achieve the above object.
The automatic measurement method for a ball end mill tool according to claim 1 includes a table for setting a workpiece, a spindle on which the ball end mill tool can be mounted, and a movement for moving the table and the spindle relative to each other and changing the attitude of the spindle. In a machine tool having a mechanism and a control device, there is provided an automatic measuring method for a ball end mill tool for measuring the shape of the ball end mill tool, wherein a substantially cubic base and five surfaces of the base are arranged on the surface. A step of fixing a tool detection device to the table having five reference surfaces provided so as to be displaceable in directions orthogonal to each other, and a sensor for detecting and outputting the displacement of each reference surface ; is performed by a macro program, a standard tool for calibration is attached to the main shaft, a plurality of reference of the tool detection device that standard tools Brought into contact in turn, and the reference surface measurement step of measuring the coordinates of each reference plane from the output and the movement position of the main shaft from the tool detector of the time, is performed by the macro program of said control device, said ball to said main shaft After mounting an end mill tool and controlling the attitude of the spindle so that the ball end mill tool is in an actual machining attitude, the spindle is adjusted so that the ball end mill tool contacts a plurality of reference surfaces of the tool detection device. And a maximum value measuring step of obtaining the maximum value by monitoring the output of the tool detection device while rotating the ball end mill tool in this contact state .
[0011]
According to this invention, a standard tool for calibration is mounted on the spindle in advance, the standard tool is brought into contact with the reference surface of the tool detection device, and the reference from the output from the tool detection device and the movement position of the spindle at this time Measure the coordinates of the surface.
Next, the ball end mill tool to be measured is mounted on the main shaft, and the main shaft is moved so that the ball end mill tool contacts the reference surface of the tool detection device measured in advance. In this state, that is, in a state where the ball end mill tool is in contact with the reference surface of the tool detection device, the output of the tool detection device is monitored while the ball end mill tool is rotated to obtain the maximum value. Then, the machining program is corrected using the maximum value as a correction value.
Therefore, since the tool shape can be measured with the ball end mill tool mounted on the spindle, the tool shape can be measured accurately. Moreover, since it is not necessary to remove the ball end mill tool from the spindle every time and measure, it is possible to shorten the measurement time and thus the total time of workpiece machining.
[0012]
The automatic measurement method of the ball end mill tool according to claim 2 is the automatic measurement method of the ball end mill tool according to claim 1, wherein the maximum value measuring step includes a tool mounting step of mounting the ball end mill tool on the spindle, A spindle moving process for stopping the ball end mill tool by moving the spindle so that it comes into contact with the reference surface of the tool detection device, a tool rotating step for rotating the ball end mill tool in contact with the reference surface of the tool detection device, and a tool And a maximum value detecting step of monitoring the output of the detection device and obtaining the maximum value.
According to this invention, the maximum value measuring step includes a tool mounting step, a spindle moving step, a tool rotating step, and a maximum value detecting step, and the tool is rotated after the movement of the main shaft is completed. Since the ball end mill tool does not rotate when the ball end mill tool contacts the reference surface, the reference surface of the tool detection device is damaged when the ball end mill tool contacts. There is little possibility of being done.
[0013]
The automatic measurement method of the ball end mill tool according to claim 3 is the automatic measurement method of the ball end mill tool according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the ball end mill tool is processed at the time of the maximum value measurement step. The maximum value is obtained by monitoring the output of the tool detection device while rotating in reverse.
According to the present invention, in the maximum value measuring step, the output of the tool detection device is monitored while the ball end mill tool is rotated in the reverse direction to that during processing. Therefore, the reference surface of the tool detection device is changed by the rotation of the ball end mill tool. There is no risk of cutting.
[0014]
The automatic measurement method for a ball end mill tool according to claim 4 is the automatic measurement method for a ball end mill tool according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the maximum value measurement step, the ball end mill tool has a minimum It is characterized in that the maximum value is obtained by monitoring the output of the tool detection device while rotating at a lower rotational speed than the rotational speed and rotating in the reverse direction to the machining.
According to this invention, in the maximum value measuring step, the ball end mill tool is rotated at a rotational speed lower than the minimum rotational speed at the time of machining and in a reverse direction to that at the time of machining. Compared to the above, it is possible to prevent the reference surface of the tool detection device from being damaged.
[0015]
The ball end mill tool automatic measuring device according to claim 5, a table for setting a workpiece, a spindle on which a tool can be mounted, a moving mechanism for relatively moving the table and the spindle and changing the attitude of the spindle, A tool changer for selectively mounting a standard tool for calibration and a ball end mill tool to be measured on the spindle, a substantially cubic base fixed to the table, and five surfaces of the base A tool detection device having five reference surfaces provided so as to be displaceable in a direction perpendicular to the surfaces; and a sensor for detecting and outputting the displacement of each reference surface; and the moving mechanism and the tool changer. And a control device that takes in and processes a signal from the tool detection device, and the control device is a standard tool for calibration on the spindle. In the mounted state, the standard tool is contacted sequentially to a plurality of reference surfaces of the tool detection device, for measuring the coordinates of each reference plane from the movement position of the output and the moving mechanism from the tool detector of the time reference In a state in which the ball end mill tool to be measured is attached to the surface measuring means and the spindle, the attitude of the spindle is controlled so that the ball end mill tool is actually processed, and then the ball end mill tool is Maximum value measuring means for moving the moving mechanism so as to contact a plurality of reference surfaces of the tool detection device, and in this contact state, monitoring the output from the tool detection device while rotating the ball end mill tool to obtain the maximum value Including.
[0016]
According to the present invention, since the tool shape can be measured with the ball end mill tool mounted on the spindle, as in the invention described in claim 1, the tool shape can be measured accurately. Since measurement does not have to be performed after removing from the spindle, the measurement time, and thus the total time for machining the workpiece, can be shortened.
[0017]
The automatic measuring apparatus for a ball end mill tool according to claim 6 is the automatic measuring apparatus for a ball end mill tool according to claim 5, wherein the maximum value measuring means rotates the ball end mill tool in a reverse direction to that during processing. The maximum value is obtained by monitoring the output of the tool detection device.
According to the present invention, the output of the tool detection device is monitored while the ball end mill tool is rotated in the reverse direction to that during machining, as in the invention of the third aspect. There is no fear that the reference plane of the apparatus will be cut.
[0018]
The automatic measurement apparatus for a ball end mill tool according to claim 7 is the automatic measurement apparatus for a ball end mill tool according to claim 5, wherein the maximum value measuring means is slower than a minimum rotation speed when the ball end mill tool is processed. It is characterized in that the maximum value is obtained by monitoring the output of the tool detection device while rotating at a high rotational speed and in the reverse direction to that during machining.
According to this invention, the ball end mill tool is rotated at a rotational speed lower than the minimum rotational speed at the time of machining and in the reverse direction from the machining time, as in the invention of the fourth aspect. It is possible to prevent damage to the reference surface of the detection device.
[0019]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a main body of a machine tool equipped with an automatic measuring device for a ball end mill tool according to the present invention (front view). The machine tool body includes a table 1, a portal frame 2 movably provided in the front-rear direction (Y-axis direction) of the table 1, and a horizontal beam 2 </ b> A in the horizontal direction ( A saddle 3 movably provided in the X-axis direction), a lift plate 4 provided on the saddle 3 so as to be vertically movable, and the lift plate 4 can be pivoted about an axis parallel to the Y axis. And a spindle head 6 having a spindle 8 provided on the turning plate 5. Here, the portal frame 2, the saddle 3, the lifting plate 4, and the swiveling plate 5 are a moving mechanism 10 that relatively moves the table 1 on which the workpiece is set and the spindle 8 on which a tool can be mounted in the X, Y, and Z axis directions. Is configured.
[0020]
The table 1 is provided with a tool detection device 11 on which a workpiece (not shown) is attached and has a reference surface that is displaceable when a tool comes into contact with it, and detects and outputs the displacement of the reference surface. .
The spindle head 6 includes a housing 7 fixed to the swivel plate 5, a spindle 8 rotatably supported on the housing 7 (not shown) via a bearing, and a spindle motor 9 that rotationally drives the spindle 8. With. A tool necessary for machining, for example, a ball end mill tool Tb (see FIG. 6) is automatically mounted on the spindle 8 by a tool changer (see FIG. 3), and a standard tool Ta for calibration (FIG. 5). Reference) is installed.
[0021]
FIG. 2 shows the tool detection device 11. The tool detection device 11 includes a substantially cubic base 12 and five reference surfaces 13 to 17 provided on five surfaces of the base 12, that is, 12X1, 12X2, 12Y1, 12Y2, and 12Z. Prepare. Each of the reference surfaces 13 to 17 can be displaced in each axial direction by an elastic member provided in the base 2, and is always kept in a protruding position. A sensor for detecting the displacement of each of the reference surfaces 13 to 17 is provided in the base 12, and a value detected by this sensor is output to the outside. Therefore, according to this tool detection device 11, the displacement in at least the three-axis directions of X, Y, and Z can be measured from five directions.
[0022]
FIG. 3 shows a block diagram of the control means of the machine tool. The control means includes a numerical control device 21 that receives an output signal from the tool detection device 11, a sequence controller 22, and a spindle motor that controls the drive of the spindle motor 9 based on a command from the sequence controller 22. A drive unit 24 and a tool changer 25 are provided.
The numerical control device 21 is used for numerical control of the machine tool, and a dedicated function suitable for the machine tool can be realized by the macro program 23.
The sequence controller 22 mainly controls the M code in the machining program based on the machining program of the numerical control device 21.
The spindle motor drive unit 24 receives the output from the sequence controller 22 and drives the spindle motor 9.
[0023]
Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.
The automatic measurement of the ball end mill tool Tb is performed according to the procedure shown in the flowchart of FIG.
First, a calibration standard tool Ta is mounted on the spindle 8 (ST1).
For example, as shown in FIG. 5, a standard tool Ta for calibration with a known tool length L and tool diameter D is mounted on the spindle 8.
Next, the standard tool Ta is positioned to the tool detection device 11 (ST2). That is, the moving mechanism 10 is driven so that the standard tool Ta contacts the reference surfaces 13 to 17 of the tool detection device 11. For example, the portal frame 2 is moved in the Y-axis direction, the saddle 3 is moved in the X-axis direction, and the elevating plate 4 is moved in the Z-axis direction.
At this time, the standard tool Ta is sequentially brought into contact with the five reference surfaces 13 to 17 of the tool detection device 11, and each of the movement positions of the main shaft 8 (movement position of each axis) and the output of the tool detection device 11 at that time The coordinates of the reference surfaces 13 to 17 are obtained (ST3).
[0024]
Next, the ball end mill tool Tb is mounted on the spindle 8 (ST4). For this purpose, the tool changer 25 is driven, the standard tool Ta for calibration that has been mounted so far is removed from the spindle 8, and a ball end mill tool Tb is newly mounted on the spindle 8. At this time, the ball end mill tool Tb is controlled to the actual machining posture. For example, when processing is performed with the ball end mill tool Tb tilted, the swivel plate 5 is swung to set the ball end mill tool Tb in a tilted posture.
Next, the ball end mill tool Tb is positioned to the tool detection device 11 (ST5). That is, the spindle 8 is moved so that the ball end mill tool Tb contacts the reference surfaces 13 to 17 in the respective axial directions. For example, first, it is moved to the position shown in FIG. 6A so as to contact the reference plane 14 in the X-axis direction.
[0025]
Thereafter, the ball end mill tool Tb is rotated at a rotational speed lower than the minimum rotational speed at the time of machining and in a reverse direction to the machining time (ST6), and the output of the tool detection device 11 at this time is taken in and the maximum value is obtained. After obtaining (ST7), the rotation is stopped (ST8). Thereby, the shape of the X-axis direction can be measured.
This is performed for the Y-axis and Z-axis reference planes, and after measuring the shape in each axis direction, the difference between the maximum value and the tool theoretical value is calculated (ST9), and each difference is stored in the correction table. (ST10).
[0026]
For example, in the case of (1) tool radius correction, a tool radius correction table DT shown in FIG. That is, the tool radius correction data (difference between the maximum value and the tool theoretical value) calculated in ST9 is stored in the V2000-area to create the tool radius correction table DT. In this case, in the correction of the machining program, for example, correction data can be read and corrected by G41D00 (tool radius correction right) or G42D00 (tool radius correction left).
In the case of (2) tool length correction, in ST10, a tool length correction table HT shown in FIG. That is, the tool length correction data (difference between the maximum value and the tool theoretical value) calculated in ST9 is stored in the V2500-area and the tool length correction table HT is created. In this case, when correcting the machining program, for example, the correction data can be read and corrected by G43H00.
[0027]
Further, in the case of (3) coordinate system setting, the G code G92 is used to correct using the data set by the macro.
The correction may be performed by combining these (1) tool radius correction, (2) tool length correction and (3) coordinate system setting.
[0028]
Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the tool shape can be measured with the ball end mill tool Tb mounted on the main shaft 8, so that the tool shape can be measured accurately, and the ball end mill tool Tb is removed from the main shaft 8 each time. Since it is not necessary to measure, the measurement time, and thus the total time for machining the workpiece can be shortened.
[0029]
Further, in the measurement of the maximum value of the ball end mill tool Tb, the output of the tool detection device 11 is monitored while rotating the ball end mill tool Tb in the reverse direction to the machining time. There is no fear that 11 reference surfaces 13 to 17 are cut.
In addition, at this time, the ball end mill tool Tb is rotated at a rotational speed lower than the minimum rotational speed at the time of machining and in a reverse direction to that at the time of machining, so that the reference surfaces 13 to 17 of the tool detection device 11 are further damaged. Can be prevented.
[0030]
In the above embodiment, the ball end mill tool Tb is moved in the X, Y, and Z axis directions with respect to the table 1 on which the workpiece is placed. On the other hand, the structure which moves the table 1 which mounts a workpiece | work to a X, Y, Z-axis direction may be sufficient.
In the above embodiment, the reference surfaces 13 to 17 are measured using the standard tool Ta for calibration at the beginning or in the middle of the processing. However, the measurement is performed in advance before the processing. Also good. In this way, at the time of workpiece machining, only the shape measurement of the ball end mill tool has to be performed, so that the total workpiece machining time can be further shortened.
[0031]
【The invention's effect】
According to the ball end mill tool automatic measuring method and automatic measuring apparatus of the present invention, the tool shape can be measured with the ball end mill tool mounted on the spindle, thereby accurately measuring the tool shape and processing the workpiece. Total time can be shortened.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front view showing a main body of a machine tool equipped with an automatic measuring device for a ball end mill tool according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a tool detection device used in the embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a machine tool control apparatus according to the embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing an automatic measurement process of the ball end mill tool in the embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a state in which a standard tool for calibration is mounted on the spindle in the embodiment.
FIG. 6 is a front view showing a state in which the ball end mill tool mounted on the main shaft is brought into contact with a reference surface of the tool detection device in the embodiment.
FIGS. 7A and 7B show a correction table according to the embodiment, FIG. 7A shows a tool radius correction table, and FIG. 7B shows a tool length correction table.
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a conventional example (relationship when machining a workpiece using a ball end mill tool).
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Table 8 Main axis | shaft 10 Movement mechanism 11 Tool detection apparatus 13-17 Reference surface 21 Numerical control apparatus (control apparatus)
25 Tool changer Ta Standard tool Tb Ball end mill tool W Workpiece

Claims (7)

In a machine tool comprising: a table for setting a workpiece; a spindle on which a ball end mill tool can be mounted; a moving mechanism for moving the table and the spindle relative to each other and changing the attitude of the spindle; and a control device. An automatic measuring method of a ball end mill tool for measuring the shape of a tool,
A substantially cubic base, five reference surfaces provided on the five surfaces of the base so as to be displaceable in a direction perpendicular to the surface, and a sensor for detecting and outputting the displacement of each reference surface; Fixing the tool detection device to the table,
It is executed by the macro program of the control device, and a standard tool for calibration is mounted on the spindle, and the standard tool is brought into contact with a plurality of reference surfaces of the tool detection device in order, from the tool detection device at this time A reference plane measurement process for measuring the coordinates of each reference plane from the output and the movement position of the spindle;
It is executed by a macro program of the control device, the ball end mill tool is mounted on the spindle, and after controlling the attitude of the spindle so that the ball end mill tool is in an actual machining attitude, the ball end mill tool is A maximum value measuring step of moving the spindle so as to contact a plurality of reference surfaces of the tool detection device, and in this contact state, monitoring the output of the tool detection device while rotating the ball end mill tool to obtain the maximum value;
A method for automatically measuring a ball end mill tool, comprising: In the automatic measurement method of the ball end mill tool according to claim 1,
The maximum value measuring step includes a tool mounting step of mounting a ball end mill tool on the main shaft, a main shaft moving step of moving the main shaft to stop so that the ball end mill tool contacts the reference surface of the tool detection device, and a ball end mill tool. A ball end mill tool automatic comprising: a tool rotation process for rotating the tool detection apparatus in contact with a reference surface of the tool detection apparatus; and a maximum value detection process for monitoring the output of the tool detection apparatus to obtain the maximum value. Measuring method. In the automatic measuring method of the ball end mill tool according to claim 1 or 2,
An automatic measuring method for a ball end mill tool, wherein, in the maximum value measuring step, the maximum value is obtained by monitoring the output of a tool detection device while rotating the ball end mill tool in the reverse direction to that during processing. In the automatic measuring method of the ball end mill tool according to claim 1 or 2,
In the maximum value measuring step, the output of the tool detection device is monitored and the maximum value is obtained while rotating the ball end mill tool at a rotation speed lower than the minimum rotation speed at the time of machining and in a reverse rotation to the machining time. A ball end mill tool automatic measuring method characterized by A table for setting a workpiece, a spindle on which a tool can be mounted, a moving mechanism for relatively moving the table and the spindle and changing the attitude of the spindle;
A tool changer for selectively mounting a standard tool for calibration and a ball end mill tool to be measured on the spindle;
A substantially cubic base fixed to the table, five reference surfaces provided on the five surfaces of the base so as to be displaceable in a direction perpendicular to the surface, and displacement of each reference surface are detected. And a tool detection device having a sensor for output,
A control device that controls the moving mechanism and the tool changer, and takes in and processes a signal from the tool detection device;
In a state where a calibration standard tool is mounted on the spindle, the control device sequentially contacts the standard tool with a plurality of reference surfaces of the tool detection device, and outputs from the tool detection device at this time and Reference surface measuring means for measuring the coordinates of each reference surface from the moving position of the moving mechanism, and the ball end mill tool to be actually processed in a state where the ball end mill tool to be measured is mounted on the spindle. After controlling the attitude of the spindle , the moving mechanism is moved so that the ball end mill tool comes into contact with a plurality of reference surfaces of the tool detecting device, and in this contact state, the ball end mill tool is rotated while the tool detecting device is rotating. And a maximum value measuring means for obtaining the maximum value by monitoring the output of
An automatic measuring device for a ball end mill tool. In the automatic measurement apparatus of the ball end mill tool according to claim 5,
The automatic measuring device for a ball end mill tool, wherein the maximum value measuring means obtains the maximum value by monitoring the output of the tool detecting device while rotating the ball end mill tool in the reverse direction to the machining. In the automatic measurement apparatus of the ball end mill tool according to claim 5,
The maximum value measurement means obtains the maximum value by monitoring the output of the tool detection device while rotating the ball end mill tool at a rotation speed lower than the minimum rotation speed at the time of machining and in a reverse rotation to the machining time. An automatic measuring device for ball end mill tools.

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