JP3958927B2 - Electrical equipment - Google Patents

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Publication number
JP3958927B2
JP3958927B2 JP2000331379A JP2000331379A JP3958927B2 JP 3958927 B2 JP3958927 B2 JP 3958927B2 JP 2000331379 A JP2000331379 A JP 2000331379A JP 2000331379 A JP2000331379 A JP 2000331379A JP 3958927 B2 JP3958927 B2 JP 3958927B2
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resin
circuit board
electronic component
container
solder
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JP2002141676A (en
Inventor
勝信 濱本
和弘 西本
宏光 水川
教郎 金井
敏一 本郷
正吉 安田
一茂 伊藤
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Panasonic Electric Works Co Ltd
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Matsushita Electric Works Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、回路基板を収納する容器内に電子部品の放熱を促すように樹脂が充填された電気機器に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
一般に、放電灯点灯装置のように発熱部品を有する電気機器では、発熱量を抑制するとともに熱破壊を防止するために定格の大きい電子部品を使用している。その結果、電子部品を実装する回路基板の基板面積が大きくなり電気機器の大型化を招いている。また、発熱部品には放熱を促すために放熱板を取り付けるのが一般的であって、このことも電気機器の大型化の原因になっている。
【0003】
そこで、発熱部品の放熱対策を行いながらも電気機器を小型するために、電子部品を実装した回路基板を放熱用の樹脂で覆う技術が、特開平1−220889号公報などにおいて提案されている。この公報に記載された技術は、図9に示すように、電子部品4を実装した回路基板1を納装した容器2に樹脂3が充填されているものであって、回路基板1が樹脂3に埋入する程度に樹脂3を充填してある。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ところで、上述のように回路基板1を樹脂3に埋入する構成とすると、樹脂3を充填すると回路基板1と電子部品4との間に樹脂3が回り込むから、温度変化による樹脂3の膨張・収縮によって、図10に示すように、回路基板1と電子部品4との間に力Fが作用することになる。この力Fは電子部品4のリード5を通して回路基板1の表面に直交する方向において半田6に伝達されるから半田6に剪断力が作用して半田6が剥離するなどの問題が生じるおそれがある。たとえば、低温時に樹脂3が収縮すると電子部品4を回路基板1に近付ける向きに力が生じるから、半田6に剪断応力が生じて半田6にクラックを生じることがある。
【0005】
また、可変抵抗器や端子のように周囲に隙間のある電子部品4では、樹脂3を容器2に充填する際に硬化前の樹脂3が毛細管現象によって隙間から電子部品4の内部に浸入することがあり、接触不良などを生じることがある。たとえば、図11に示すような合成樹脂成型品のハウジング11の中にコンタクトとなる金属部品12が設けられた端子10では、ハウジング11と金属部品12との間の隙間から充填用の樹脂3が浸入することがある(浸入部位をXで示す)。このような問題を回避するために可変抵抗器や端子のような電子部品4を回路基板1から浮かせて配置することも考えられているが、電子部品4の実装に手間がかかることになる。
【0006】
本発明は上記事由に鑑みて為されたものであり、その目的は、発熱部品の放熱を効率よく行うための樹脂を充填しながらも、樹脂による上述のような悪影響を防止した電気機器を提供することにある。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
請求項1の発明は、放電灯を点灯させる点灯回路の電子部品を実装したプリント基板からなる回路基板が収納された容器内に放熱用のウレタン樹脂が充填された電気機器であって、回路基板の一面において電子部品が半田固定されるとともに発熱量の大きい電子部品であるスイッチング素子が前記一面に表面実装され、コンタクトを設けた端子およびリードを有する電子部品が回路基板の他面に実装され、回路基板の前記一面と容器の内側底面との間にのみウレタン樹脂が充填されており、回路基板の前記一面と容器の内側底面との間にウレタン樹脂が充填されない空洞部が設けられているものである。
【0008】
請求項2の発明は、請求項1の発明において、前記ウレタン樹脂の粘度が100Pa・s以上であり、構造粘性比が1.5以上2.0以下であり、前記回路基板の前記一面と前記容器の内側底面との距離が4mm以上6.3mm以下であり、前記空洞部は回路基板の前記一面と容器の内側底面との間であって前記電子部品の放熱経路に影響しない部位に設けられ、回路基板には空洞部と連通する貫通孔が形成されていることを特徴とする。
【0017】
【発明の実施の形態】
基本構成
本例における電気機器は、図1に示すように、プリント基板からなる回路基板1に電子部品4が実装され、この回路基板1が合成樹脂成形品である一面(図1の上面)が開放された容器2に納装されるとともに、容器2の一部に放熱用の樹脂3が充填されたものであって、回路基板2において電子部品4を半田固定している面と容器2の内側面との間にのみ樹脂3を充填したものである。本例では回路基板1に放電灯を点灯させる放電灯点灯回路が実装される。この種の回路はスイッチング素子のような発熱量の大きい電子部品4を含む。樹脂3にはウレタン樹脂を用いる。この構成を採用することによって、回路基板1と電子部品4との間に回り込んだ樹脂3の膨張・収縮によって半田にクラックが生じたりするのを防止することができる。なお、容器2は放熱効率を高めるために金属製としてもよい。
【0018】
ところで、図1のように、回路基板1と容器2の内周面との間にのみ樹脂3を充填するために、以下の手順を採用している。まず、図2(a)のように上面が開放された容器2の底面に中央部を周部よりも高くした形で樹脂3を盛り上げておき、その後、図2(b)のように電子部品4を実装した回路基板1で樹脂3を押し広げる。ここで、回路基板1としては片面に導電パターンを有する片面基板を用いており、電子部品4は主として回路基板1の一面側に配置され、電子部品4のリードを他面側に引き出して半田固定してある。また、一部の電子部品(とくに発熱量の大きい電子部品)4は回路基板1の他面側に表面実装される。このような回路基板1を用いて電子部品4を半田固定している面を樹脂3に接触させて樹脂3を押し広げる。こうして、図2(c)のように、容器2の内周面と回路基板1との間に樹脂3をほぼ均一に広げて充填する。上述の手順で回路基板1に実装した電子部品4に樹脂3を密着させることができ、樹脂3を通して放熱することが可能になる。
【0019】
図2(a)のように樹脂の中央部を盛り上げるために、チキソトロピを呈する樹脂3を用いる。チキソトロピは、継続ないし繰り返して力が加えられると粘度が低下してゲルからゾルに変わって流動性が増し、力を取り去るとゾルからゲルに戻る性質ないし現象を意味している。チキソトロピの特性は構造粘性比を用いて表される。本例では構造粘性比が1.5を下回らない樹脂3を選択してあり、このような樹脂3を用いることによって、図2に示した工程を実現することができる。ここに、構造粘性比とは、回転粘度計により2rmsで測定した粘度と20rmsで測定した粘度との比を意味する。
【0020】
ちなみに、樹脂の構造粘性比を1.0〜3.0の範囲で増加させ、50℃に加熱した30gの樹脂を平板上に垂らしたときの樹脂の高さを確認したところ、表1の結果が得られた。
【0021】
【表1】

Figure 0003958927
【0022】
構造粘性比の選択は容器2の大きさや容器2の内周面(底面)と回路基板1との距離にもよるが、本例では容器2の底面と回路基板1との距離を4mm以上とし、1mmの余裕を持たせて樹脂3の高さが5mm以上であれば使用可能と判断した。この条件は構造粘性比が1.5を下回らなければ満足される。
【0023】
上述の構成によって、回路基板1の上面に配置されている電子部品4と回路基板1との間には樹脂3が入り込まないから、樹脂3の膨張・収縮によって電子部品4を実装している半田にクラックが生じるのを防止することができる。
【0024】
一方、可変抵抗器や端子のような電子部品4に形成された隙間から樹脂3が浸入するのを防止するために、粘度が100Pa・sを下回らない樹脂3を選択している。
【0025】
ちなみに、実際に端子を実装した回路基板1を容器2に納装するとともに樹脂3を充填した後、端子の断面を見ることができるように端子を切断して樹脂3の浸入の有無を確認したところ、表2の結果が得られた。ここに、樹脂3として粘度が10〜500Pa・sの範囲のものを用いた。なお、表2において、○は樹脂3の浸入が認められなかったもの、×は樹脂3の浸入があったものを意味する。
【0026】
【表2】
Figure 0003958927
【0027】
表2から明らかなように、粘度が100Pa・sを下回らない樹脂3を用いると電子部品としての端子への樹脂の浸入を防止することができた。これは、粘度が大きい樹脂3は分子間の結合力が強く流動性が小さくなるからであると考えられる。いま単純なモデルとして、図3に示すように、樹脂3の液面に直交するように壁13を配置した場合を考える。従来用いていた粘度の小さい樹脂3では図3(a)のように壁13に対して上向きに力f1が作用して樹脂3と壁13との接触部位は樹脂3の液面Sよりも高くなり、逆に粘度の大きい樹脂3では図3(b)のように壁13に対して下向きに力f2が作用して樹脂3と壁13との接触部位は樹脂3の液面Sよりも低くなる。つまり、比較的高い粘度を有する樹脂3を用いることで電子部品4への浸入を防止することが可能になる。
【0028】
以上説明したように、容器2に充填する樹脂3としては、粘度が100Pa・sを超えるとともに構造粘性比が1.5を超える樹脂を選定すれば、電子部品4への樹脂3の浸入が防止され、かつ樹脂3の膨張・収縮により半田にクラックが生じることが防止される。ところで、樹脂3は放熱を目的としているのであるから、樹脂3として熱伝導率の比較的高い材料を用いることが必要である。そこで、樹脂3にはフィラ(充填剤)を添加することによって樹脂3の熱伝導率を高めているのであるが、フィラが添加されていることによって樹脂3の硬さが増すことになる。ここにおいて、低温時には、回路基板1が収縮するとともに樹脂3も収縮するのであって、樹脂3の収縮率は一般に回路基板1よりも大きいから、回路基板1に密着した樹脂3の収縮によって回路基板1には表面に沿う方向の外力が作用し、回路基板1において電子部品4を半田固定している面に面に沿った応力が生じて半田が剪断される可能性がある(この場合には半田にリングクラックと称するクラックが生じる)。とくに、樹脂3の硬さが増すと回路基板1との収縮率の差が大きくなることが知られており、樹脂3の膨張・収縮によって半田が剪断される可能性が高くなる。
【0029】
上述の説明から明らかなように、樹脂3にフィラを添加することによって生じる半田の剪断を防止するには、樹脂3の硬さを制限すればよいと言える。そこで、樹脂3の硬さの評価方法として、JIS K−6253に規定されたタイプAデュロメータ硬さ試験を適用し、硬さに上限値を設定した。すなわち、以下に示す評価試験の結果に基づいて、電気機器の使用温度範囲の下限温度(−40℃)で硬さが88を超えないように設定した。
【0030】
評価試験として樹脂3の硬さを60〜105の範囲で変化させ、試験温度を−40℃と80℃として放置時間が各30分、500サイクルである温度変化試験を行った。その結果、表3に示すように、硬さが105では半田にクラックが生じたが、硬さが88を超えない範囲では半田にクラックが生じないという結果が得られた。そこで、硬さが88を超えないようにフィラを添加した樹脂を用い、これによって樹脂3の膨張・収縮による半田の剪断を防止することができた。なお、表3において「クラック有」はリングクラックの発生を意味する。ここに、樹脂3は回路基板1の下面(半田固定した面)と容器2の内周面との間にのみ充填し、弾性率と硬さとは−40℃において測定した。表3における「JIS A」は、JIS K−6253に規定されたタイプAデュロメータ硬さ試験による硬さ測定を意味する。
【0031】
【表3】
Figure 0003958927
【0032】
硬さを制限することによって温度変化で半田にクラックが生じるのを防止することができる理由について説明する。いま、温度がT1からT2(<T1に変化したときに樹脂の長さがl1からl2(<l1)に変化したとする。この変形を樹脂の応力との関係で表せば以下のように考えることができる。すなわち、一般に物体は変形が充分に小さい範囲ではフックの法則が成立するから、樹脂の変形もフックの法則に従うものとみなす。この場合、物質ごとに決まる定数である弾性率は、元の長さに対する伸縮量と、物質に生じた単位断面積当たりの応力と比例関係を表すから、弾性率=(単位断面積当たりの応力)/(元の長さに対する伸縮量)の関係になる。すなわち、温度T2における弾性率をE、断面積Aの熱応力をF/Aと表すれば、次式が成立する。
F/A=E(Δl/l1) …(1)
一方、樹脂の変形を温度変化による変形として考え、熱線膨張係数をαとすれば、次式が成立する。
Δl/l1=α(T1−T2)=α・ΔT …(2)
(1)式に(2)式を代入すれば次式が得られる。
F/A=E・α・ΔT …(3)
要するに単位断面積当たりの応力は温度差ΔTに比例することになる。半田の状態を確認するための温度変化に関する試験条件として、−40〜80℃の範囲を考えると、ウレタン樹脂では図4に示すように周囲温度の変化に対して熱線膨張係数αは一定であるとみなせるのに対し、図5に示すように弾性率Eは低温であるほど増加し、試験条件の温度範囲では下限値である−40℃のときに弾性率Eが最大になる。したがって、(3)式によれば、樹脂3の熱応力の最大値は−40℃の弾性率Eにより決まることになる。つまり、樹脂3の弾性率Eを考慮することによって半田にクラックが生じるのを防止することが可能になる。樹脂の弾性率Eは変形しにくさを表しているから、弾性率Eを樹脂3の硬さとみなすことができる。実際に図6に示すように弾性率と硬さとは同傾向の温度特性を示す。したがって、弾性率ではなく、樹脂の一般的な物性として測定される硬さを樹脂3の条件として用い、この硬さを制限することによって半田にクラックが生じるのを防止しているのである。
【0033】
一例として、樹脂3の構造粘性比を2.0とし、−40℃における硬さを80としたところ、本例の樹脂3の条件が満たされ、温度変化による半田のクラックを防止できた。
【0034】
第1の実施の形態
図7に本実施形態の構成を示す。本実施形態では、回路基板1の下面側であって容器2の内周面との間に樹脂3を充填しない空洞部7を設けてある。樹脂3であるウレタン樹脂は、ポリイソシアネートとポリオールとの化学反応によってウレタン結合を生成し硬化する。ここに、ポリイソシアネートは反応性の高い材料であり、水と反応して炭酸ガス(CO2 )を発生させる。一方、回路基板1には微量の水分が含まれているものであるから、回路基板1に含まれた水分によって回路基板1と樹脂3との接触面に炭酸ガスが発生し気泡ができ、結果的に回路基板1や電子部品4と樹脂3とが密着しなくなって放熱性が低下することになる。そこで、電子部品4からの放熱経路への影響が少ない箇所に空洞部7を設けているのであって、発生した炭酸ガスを空洞部7に逃がすことによって電子部品4と樹脂3との密着度の低下を防止しているのである。ここで、図8のように、回路基板1において空洞部7に対応する箇所に貫通孔8を形成し、貫通孔8を通して回路基板1の上面側と空洞部7とを連通させるようにすれば、ポリイソシアネートと水との反応により生成された炭酸ガスを貫通孔8を通して外気に逃がすとともに空洞部7の内部の空気の膨張・収縮による回路基板1へのストレスを防止することができ、結果的に半田へのストレスを軽減することができる(図8に炭酸ガスの泡Gが空洞部7に向かう様子を矢印で示してある)。なお、図8では貫通孔8を設けやすくするために、樹脂3において空洞部7との境界部分の傾斜方向を図7とは変更してある。基本構成で説明したように樹脂3の中央部を盛り上げた形で樹脂3を容器2に導入するから、図8に示す形状のほうが図7に示す形状よりも実現が容易である。
【0035】
参考例
基本構成では樹脂3としてウレタン樹脂を用いる例を示したが、ここでは樹脂3としてシリコン樹脂を用いる例を示す。基本的な構成については基本構成と同様であるから、以下では主として基本構成との相違点について説明する。基本構成と同様に、樹脂3にはチキソトロピを呈し構造粘性比が1.5を下回らず、また粘度が100Pa・sを下回らないものを用いる。ただし、樹脂3の硬さについては、基本構成ではJIS K−6253に規定されたタイプAデュロメータ硬さ試験による硬さのみで樹脂3の特性を規定したが、本例では硬さと熱線膨張係数との積が使用温度範囲の下限温度(−40℃)で0.0113を超えないように設定している。
【0036】
すなわち、評価試験として硬さと熱線膨張係数との積を0.0080〜0.0130の範囲で変化させ、試験温度を−40と80℃として放置時間が各30分、500サイクルである温度変化試験を行った。その結果、表3と同じ結果が得られた。上記積が0.0130では半田にクラックが生じたが、上記積が0.0113を超えない範囲では半田にクラックが生じないという結果が得られた。そこで、本例では硬さと熱線膨張率との積が0.0113を超えない樹脂を用い、これによって樹脂3の膨張・収縮による半田の剪断を防止することができた。
【0037】
本例についても基本構成において説明したように、(3)式が成立するのであるが、ウレタン樹脂では熱線膨張係数αが試験条件の温度範囲(つまり使用温度範囲)では一定とみなすことができたのに対して、シリコン樹脂では弾性率が周囲温度の影響を受けるだけではなく、熱線膨張係数αがフィラの増加に伴って小さくなるから、弾性率と熱線膨張係数との両方を考慮することが必要になる。つまり、(3)式によれば樹脂3の熱応力の最大値は弾性率Eと熱線膨張率αとの積により決まるから、弾性率Eと熱線膨張率αとの積を考慮することによって、半田にクラックが生じるという問題を解決することが可能になる。他の構成および機能については基本構成と同様である。
【0038】
本例においては、樹脂3の硬さと熱線膨張率の積を0.01としたところ、樹脂3の熱応力を抑えることができ、回路基板1と電子部品4のリードとの間で生じる応力を抑制し半田に剪断力によるクラックが生じるのを防止することができた。
【0039】
【発明の効果】
請求項1の発明の構成によれば、回路基板において発熱量の大きい電子部品であるスイッチング素子を実装している面と回路基板を収納した容器の内周面との間に放熱用の樹脂を充填しているので、電子部品からの熱を樹脂を通して放熱させることができ、電子部品の温度上昇を抑制することができるのはもちろんのこと、回路基板において樹脂と接触していない面にリードを有する電子部品を実装し、さらに可変抵抗器や端子のような隙間を有した電子部品を実装することによって、これらの電子部品に樹脂が浸入するのを防止することができる。その結果、これらの電子部品を回路基板から浮かせて配置するなどの面倒な作業が不要になり、製造が容易になって製造コストが低減されるとともに、容器の低背化につながる。また、樹脂が充填されない空洞部を設けているから、ウレタン樹脂を生成する物質に水分が反応することによって生じる炭酸ガスを空洞部に逃がすことができ、炭酸ガスの発生によって樹脂と電子部品や回路基板との密着度が低下するのを防止することができる。その結果、発熱量の大きい電子部品であるスイッチング素子に樹脂を密着させて効率よく放熱させることが可能になる。しかも、点灯装置を構成する発熱部品からの放熱を樹脂を用いて効率よく行うことができるから、点灯装置の小型化につながる。その上、ウレタン樹脂を生成する物質に水分が反応することによって生じる炭酸ガスを空洞部に逃がすことができ、炭酸ガスの発生によって樹脂と電子部品や回路基板との密着度が低下するのを防止することができる。その結果、電子部品に樹脂を密着させて効率よく放熱させることが可能になる。
【0040】
請求項2の発明の構成によれば、可変抵抗器や端子のような隙間を有する電子部品であっても樹脂が内部に浸入しにくくなり、接触不良や動作不良を生じる可能性が低減され、結果的に歩留まりが向上する。また、容器に樹脂の中央部を周部よりも盛り上げた形で導入することが可能になり、その後、回路基板で樹脂を押し付けながら容器に充填することによって、樹脂と回路基板および回路基板に面実装した電子部品とを密着させることができ、樹脂による電子部品の放熱を効率よく行うことができる。その上、空洞部に入った炭酸ガスを貫通孔を通して外気に放出することができ、空洞部の内部の空気が周囲温度によって膨張・収縮しても回路基板に圧力が作用せず、結果的に電子部品を実装する半田に機械的ストレスが作用するのを防止することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 基本構成を示す断面図である。
【図2】 同上の製造工程を示す工程図である。
【図3】 同上の原理説明図である。
【図4】 同上の原理説明図である。
【図5】 同上の原理説明図である。
【図6】 同上の原理説明図である。
【図7】 本発明の第1の実施の形態を示す断面図である。
【図8】 同上の要部拡大断面図である。
【図9】 従来例を示す拡大断面図である。
【図10】 同上の問題点を示す断面図である。
【図11】 同上の問題点を示す断面図である。
【符号の説明】
1 回路基板
2 容器
3 樹脂
4 電子部品
5 リード
6 半田
7 空洞部
8 貫通孔[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an electric device in which a resin is filled in a container for storing a circuit board so as to promote heat dissipation of an electronic component.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In general, in an electric device having a heat generating component such as a discharge lamp lighting device, an electronic component having a large rating is used in order to suppress a heat generation amount and prevent thermal destruction. As a result, the board area of the circuit board on which the electronic component is mounted increases, leading to an increase in the size of the electric device. Further, a heat radiating plate is generally attached to the heat generating component in order to promote heat dissipation, which also causes an increase in the size of the electric device.
[0003]
In view of this, a technique for covering a circuit board on which an electronic component is mounted with a heat-dissipating resin has been proposed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 1-220889 or the like in order to reduce the size of an electric device while taking measures against heat dissipation of the heat-generating component. As shown in FIG. 9, the technology described in this publication is such that a resin 2 is filled in a container 2 in which a circuit board 1 on which an electronic component 4 is mounted is placed. The resin 3 is filled to such an extent that it is embedded in
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, when the circuit board 1 is embedded in the resin 3 as described above, the resin 3 wraps around between the circuit board 1 and the electronic component 4 when the resin 3 is filled. Due to the shrinkage, a force F acts between the circuit board 1 and the electronic component 4 as shown in FIG. Since this force F is transmitted to the solder 6 through the lead 5 of the electronic component 4 in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the circuit board 1, there is a concern that a shearing force acts on the solder 6 and the solder 6 is peeled off. . For example, when the resin 3 contracts at a low temperature, a force is generated in the direction in which the electronic component 4 is brought closer to the circuit board 1, so that a shear stress is generated in the solder 6 and a crack may be generated in the solder 6.
[0005]
In addition, in the electronic component 4 having a gap in the periphery such as a variable resistor or a terminal, when the resin 3 is filled in the container 2, the resin 3 before curing enters the inside of the electronic component 4 from the gap due to a capillary phenomenon. May cause poor contact. For example, in the terminal 10 in which the metal component 12 serving as a contact is provided in the synthetic resin molded housing 11 as shown in FIG. 11, the filling resin 3 flows from the gap between the housing 11 and the metal component 12. Intrusion may occur (intrusion site is indicated by X). In order to avoid such a problem, it is also considered that the electronic component 4 such as a variable resistor or a terminal is arranged so as to float from the circuit board 1, but it takes time to mount the electronic component 4.
[0006]
The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned reasons, and its object is to provide an electrical device that prevents the above-described adverse effects caused by the resin while filling the resin for efficiently radiating heat from the heat-generating component. There is to do.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The invention of claim 1 is an electrical device in which a heat dissipation urethane resin is filled in a container in which a circuit board made of a printed circuit board on which an electronic component of a lighting circuit for lighting a discharge lamp is mounted is provided. An electronic component is solder-fixed on one side and a switching element which is an electronic component with a large amount of heat generation is surface-mounted on the one surface, and an electronic component having terminals and leads provided with contacts is mounted on the other side of the circuit board, which urethane resin is filled, the cavity urethane resin is not filled between the inner bottom surface of the one surface and the container of the circuit board is provided only between the inner bottom surface of the one surface and the container of the circuit board It is.
[0008]
The invention of claim 2 is the invention of claim 1, wherein the urethane resin has a viscosity of 100 Pa · s or more, a structural viscosity ratio of 1.5 to 2.0, and the one surface of the circuit board and the surface The distance from the inner bottom surface of the container is 4 mm or more and 6.3 mm or less, and the cavity is provided between the one surface of the circuit board and the inner bottom surface of the container and does not affect the heat dissipation path of the electronic component. The circuit board is formed with a through hole communicating with the cavity .
[0017]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
( Basic configuration )
As shown in FIG. 1, the electrical device in this example has an electronic component 4 mounted on a circuit board 1 made of a printed circuit board, and one surface (the upper surface in FIG. 1) on which the circuit board 1 is a synthetic resin molded product is opened. And a part of the container 2 filled with a heat-dissipating resin 3, the surface of the circuit board 2 on which the electronic component 4 is fixed by soldering and the inner surface of the container 2 The resin 3 is filled only between the two. In this example , a discharge lamp lighting circuit for lighting a discharge lamp is mounted on the circuit board 1. This type of circuit includes an electronic component 4 that generates a large amount of heat, such as a switching element. As the resin 3, a urethane resin is used. By adopting this configuration, it is possible to prevent the solder from being cracked due to the expansion / contraction of the resin 3 that wraps around between the circuit board 1 and the electronic component 4. The container 2 may be made of metal in order to increase the heat dissipation efficiency.
[0018]
Meanwhile, as shown in FIG. 1, in order to fill the only resin 3 between the inner peripheral surface of the circuit board 1 and the container 2, it adopts the steps below. First, as shown in FIG. 2 (a), the resin 3 is raised on the bottom surface of the container 2 whose upper surface is open, with the central portion being higher than the peripheral portion, and then the electronic component as shown in FIG. 2 (b). The resin 3 is spread with the circuit board 1 on which 4 is mounted. Here, a single-sided board having a conductive pattern on one side is used as the circuit board 1, and the electronic component 4 is mainly arranged on one side of the circuit board 1, and the lead of the electronic component 4 is pulled out to the other side and fixed by soldering. It is. In addition, some electronic components (particularly electronic components having a large heat generation amount) 4 are surface-mounted on the other side of the circuit board 1. Using such a circuit board 1, the surface on which the electronic component 4 is fixed by soldering is brought into contact with the resin 3 to spread the resin 3. Thus, as shown in FIG. 2C, the resin 3 is spread almost uniformly between the inner peripheral surface of the container 2 and the circuit board 1 and filled. The resin 3 can be brought into close contact with the electronic component 4 mounted on the circuit board 1 by the above-described procedure, and heat can be radiated through the resin 3.
[0019]
To enliven the central portion of the resin as shown in FIG. 2 (a), the use of the resin 3 exhibiting switch Kisotoropi. Thixotropy means a property or phenomenon in which when a force is continuously or repeatedly applied, the viscosity decreases and the fluidity increases from gel to sol, and when the force is removed, the fluid returns from the sol to the gel. The properties of thixotropy are expressed using the structural viscosity ratio. In this example , the resin 3 whose structural viscosity ratio does not fall below 1.5 is selected. By using such a resin 3, the process shown in FIG. 2 can be realized. Here, the structural viscosity ratio means a ratio of a viscosity measured at 2 rms with a rotational viscometer and a viscosity measured at 20 rms.
[0020]
By the way, the structural viscosity ratio of the resin was increased in the range of 1.0 to 3.0, and the height of the resin when 30 g of the resin heated to 50 ° C. was dropped on the flat plate was confirmed. was gotten.
[0021]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003958927
[0022]
The selection of the structural viscosity ratio depends on the size of the container 2 and the distance between the inner peripheral surface (bottom surface) of the container 2 and the circuit board 1, but in this example , the distance between the bottom surface of the container 2 and the circuit board 1 is 4 mm or more. If the height of the resin 3 was 5 mm or more with a margin of 1 mm, it was determined that it could be used. This condition is satisfied if the structural viscosity ratio is not less than 1.5.
[0023]
With the above configuration, since the resin 3 does not enter between the electronic component 4 disposed on the upper surface of the circuit board 1 and the circuit board 1, the solder that mounts the electronic component 4 by the expansion / contraction of the resin 3. It is possible to prevent cracks from occurring.
[0024]
On the other hand, in order to variable resistor or an electronic component 4 resin 3 through a gap formed as the terminal is prevented from entering, viscosity has selected the resin 3 of not less than 100 Pa · s.
[0025]
By the way, after the circuit board 1 on which the terminals were actually mounted was placed in the container 2 and filled with the resin 3, the terminals were cut so that the cross section of the terminals could be seen and the presence or absence of the resin 3 was confirmed. However, the results in Table 2 were obtained. Here, the resin 3 having a viscosity in the range of 10 to 500 Pa · s was used. In Table 2, ◯ means that resin 3 did not enter, and x means that resin 3 entered.
[0026]
[Table 2]
Figure 0003958927
[0027]
As is apparent from Table 2, when resin 3 whose viscosity is not lower than 100 Pa · s is used, it is possible to prevent the resin from entering the terminal as an electronic component. This is presumably because the resin 3 having a high viscosity has a strong intermolecular bonding force and a low fluidity. As a simple model, consider the case where the wall 13 is disposed so as to be orthogonal to the liquid surface of the resin 3 as shown in FIG. In the resin 3 having a low viscosity that has been conventionally used, a force f1 acts upward on the wall 13 as shown in FIG. 3A, and the contact portion between the resin 3 and the wall 13 is higher than the liquid level S of the resin 3. On the contrary, in the resin 3 having a high viscosity, a force f2 acts downward on the wall 13 as shown in FIG. 3B, and the contact portion between the resin 3 and the wall 13 is lower than the liquid level S of the resin 3. Become. That is, it is possible to prevent entry of the electronic component 4 by using a resin 3 having a relatively high viscosity.
[0028]
As described above, the resin 3 filled in the container 2 can be prevented from entering the electronic component 4 by selecting a resin with a viscosity exceeding 100 Pa · s and a structural viscosity ratio exceeding 1.5. In addition, the cracks in the solder due to the expansion / contraction of the resin 3 are prevented. Incidentally, since the resin 3 is intended for heat dissipation, it is necessary to use a material having a relatively high thermal conductivity as the resin 3. Therefore, the filler (filler) is added to the resin 3 to increase the thermal conductivity of the resin 3, but the addition of the filler increases the hardness of the resin 3. Here, at a low temperature, the circuit board 1 contracts and the resin 3 contracts. Since the contraction rate of the resin 3 is generally larger than that of the circuit board 1, the circuit board 1 is contracted by the contraction of the resin 3 adhered to the circuit board 1. 1, an external force in the direction along the surface acts on the surface of the circuit board 1 on which the electronic component 4 is fixed by solder, and stress along the surface may be generated to shear the solder (in this case) A crack called a ring crack occurs in the solder). In particular, it is known that if the hardness of the resin 3 increases, the difference in contraction rate from the circuit board 1 increases, and the possibility that the solder is sheared by the expansion / contraction of the resin 3 increases.
[0029]
As is clear from the above description, it can be said that the hardness of the resin 3 may be limited in order to prevent solder shearing caused by adding filler to the resin 3. Wherein, as an evaluation method of hardness of the tree butter 3, applying the type A durometer hardness test specified in JIS K-6253, and sets the upper limit to the hardness. That is, based on the results of the evaluation test shown below, the hardness at the lower limit temperature (-40 ° C.) in the temperature range of electrical equipment are set so as not exceed 88.
[0030]
As an evaluation test, the hardness of the resin 3 was changed in the range of 60 to 105, the test temperature was set to −40 ° C. and 80 ° C., and the standing time was 30 minutes and 500 cycles were performed. As a result, as shown in Table 3, a crack was generated in the solder when the hardness was 105, but no crack was generated in the solder within a range where the hardness did not exceed 88. Where, with the addition of filler so as not to exceed the hard Saga 88 resin was thereby possible to prevent the solder shear due to expansion and contraction of the resin 3. In Table 3, “cracked” means occurrence of a ring crack. Here, the resin 3 was filled only between the lower surface (surface fixed with solder) of the circuit board 1 and the inner peripheral surface of the container 2, and the elastic modulus and hardness were measured at −40 ° C. “JIS A” in Table 3 means hardness measurement by a type A durometer hardness test defined in JIS K-6253.
[0031]
[Table 3]
Figure 0003958927
[0032]
The reason why it is possible to prevent the solder from cracking due to a temperature change by limiting the hardness will be described. Now, when the temperature changes from T1 to T2 (<T1, the length of the resin changes from l1 to l2 (<l1). If this deformation is expressed in relation to the stress of the resin, it is considered as follows. In other words, since the hook law is generally established in a range where the deformation is sufficiently small, the deformation of the resin is also considered to follow the hook law.In this case, the elastic modulus, which is a constant determined for each material, is Since the amount of expansion / contraction relative to the original length is proportional to the stress per unit cross-sectional area generated in the material, the relationship of elastic modulus = (stress per unit cross-sectional area) / (the amount of expansion / contraction relative to the original length) That is, if the elastic modulus at temperature T2 is E and the thermal stress of the cross-sectional area A is F / A, the following equation is established.
F / A = E (Δl / l1) (1)
On the other hand, if the deformation of the resin is considered as a deformation due to a temperature change and the coefficient of thermal linear expansion is α, the following equation is established.
Δl / l1 = α (T1−T2) = α · ΔT (2)
Substituting equation (2) into equation (1) yields the following equation:
F / A = E · α · ΔT (3)
In short, the stress per unit cross-sectional area is proportional to the temperature difference ΔT. Considering the range of -40 to 80 ° C. as a test condition for temperature change for confirming the state of solder, the thermal expansion coefficient α is constant with respect to change in ambient temperature in urethane resin as shown in FIG. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 5, the elastic modulus E increases as the temperature is low, and the elastic modulus E becomes maximum at −40 ° C. which is the lower limit value in the temperature range of the test conditions. Therefore, according to the equation (3), the maximum value of the thermal stress of the resin 3 is determined by the elastic modulus E of −40 ° C. That is, it is possible to prevent cracks in the solder by considering the elastic modulus E of the resin 3. Since the elastic modulus E of the resin indicates difficulty in deformation, the elastic modulus E can be regarded as the hardness of the resin 3. Actually, as shown in FIG. 6, the elastic modulus and the hardness have the same temperature characteristics. Therefore, rather than the elastic modulus, using the hardness measured as general properties of the resin as a condition of the resin 3, than it to prevent the occurrence of cracks in the solder by limiting the hardness .
[0033]
As an example, when the structural viscosity ratio of the resin 3 was 2.0 and the hardness at −40 ° C. was 80, the conditions of the resin 3 of this example were satisfied, and solder cracks due to temperature changes could be prevented.
[0034]
( First embodiment )
FIG. 7 shows the configuration of this embodiment. In the present embodiment, a hollow portion 7 that is not filled with the resin 3 is provided between the lower surface side of the circuit board 1 and the inner peripheral surface of the container 2. The urethane resin as the resin 3 is cured by generating a urethane bond by a chemical reaction between polyisocyanate and polyol. Here, polyisocyanate is a highly reactive material, and reacts with water to generate carbon dioxide (CO2). On the other hand, since the circuit board 1 contains a very small amount of moisture, the moisture contained in the circuit board 1 generates carbon dioxide gas on the contact surface between the circuit board 1 and the resin 3, resulting in bubbles. In particular, the circuit board 1 or the electronic component 4 and the resin 3 are not in close contact with each other, and the heat dissipation is reduced. Therefore, the cavity portion 7 is provided at a place where the influence on the heat radiation path from the electronic component 4 is small, and the degree of adhesion between the electronic component 4 and the resin 3 is improved by letting the generated carbon dioxide gas escape to the cavity portion 7. The decline is prevented. Here, as shown in FIG. 8, if a through hole 8 is formed at a location corresponding to the cavity 7 in the circuit board 1 and the upper surface side of the circuit board 1 and the cavity 7 are communicated with each other through the through hole 8. The carbon dioxide generated by the reaction between polyisocyanate and water can be released to the outside air through the through-hole 8 and the stress on the circuit board 1 due to the expansion / contraction of the air inside the cavity 7 can be prevented. In addition, the stress on the solder can be reduced (in FIG. 8, the state in which the bubble G of carbon dioxide gas heads toward the cavity 7 is indicated by an arrow). In FIG. 8, the inclination direction of the boundary portion with the cavity 7 in the resin 3 is changed from that in FIG. As described in the basic configuration , since the resin 3 is introduced into the container 2 with the central portion of the resin 3 raised, the shape shown in FIG. 8 is easier to realize than the shape shown in FIG.
[0035]
( Reference example )
In the basic configuration, an example in which a urethane resin is used as the resin 3 is shown, but here, an example in which a silicon resin is used as the resin 3 is shown. Since the basic configuration is the same as the basic configuration, differences from the basic configuration will be mainly described below. As in the basic configuration, the resin 3 is a resin that exhibits thixotropy, has a structural viscosity ratio of not less than 1.5, and does not have a viscosity of less than 100 Pa · s. However, the hardness of the resin 3, although the basic configuration defines the characteristics of the resin 3 only hardness by type A durometer hardness test specified in JIS K-6253, in this example the hardness and the coefficient of linear thermal expansion Is set so as not to exceed 0.0113 at the lower limit temperature (−40 ° C.) of the operating temperature range.
[0036]
That is, as an evaluation test, the product of hardness and the coefficient of thermal expansion is changed in the range of 0.0080 to 0.0130, the test temperature is set to −40 and 80 ° C., the standing time is 30 minutes, and 500 cycles. Went. As a result, the same results as in Table 3 were obtained. When the product was 0.0130, cracks occurred in the solder. However, when the product did not exceed 0.0113, no cracks were generated in the solder. Therefore, in this example , a resin in which the product of the hardness and the thermal expansion coefficient does not exceed 0.0113 was used, thereby preventing the shearing of the solder due to the expansion / contraction of the resin 3.
[0037]
In this example , as described in the basic configuration, equation (3) is established, but in the case of urethane resin, the thermal expansion coefficient α can be regarded as constant in the temperature range of the test conditions (that is, the operating temperature range). On the other hand, in the case of silicon resin, not only is the elastic modulus affected by the ambient temperature, but the coefficient of thermal expansion α decreases as the filler increases, so both the modulus of elasticity and the coefficient of thermal expansion must be considered. I need it. That is, according to the equation (3), the maximum value of the thermal stress of the resin 3 is determined by the product of the elastic modulus E and the thermal linear expansion coefficient α, and therefore by considering the product of the elastic modulus E and the thermal linear expansion coefficient α, It is possible to solve the problem of cracks in the solder. Other configurations and functions are the same as the basic configuration.
[0038]
In this example , when the product of the hardness of the resin 3 and the coefficient of thermal linear expansion is set to 0.01, the thermal stress of the resin 3 can be suppressed, and the stress generated between the circuit board 1 and the lead of the electronic component 4 is reduced. It was possible to suppress the cracking due to the shearing force in the solder.
[0039]
【The invention's effect】
According to the configuration of the invention of claim 1, the resin for radiating heat is provided between the surface on which the switching element which is an electronic component having a large calorific value is mounted on the circuit board and the inner peripheral surface of the container housing the circuit board. Since it is filled, the heat from the electronic component can be dissipated through the resin and the temperature rise of the electronic component can be suppressed, as well as the lead on the surface that is not in contact with the resin on the circuit board By mounting the electronic components having the gaps and mounting the electronic components having gaps such as variable resistors and terminals, it is possible to prevent the resin from entering the electronic components. As a result, troublesome work such as placing these electronic components floating from the circuit board becomes unnecessary, making the manufacturing easy, reducing the manufacturing cost, and reducing the height of the container. In addition, since a hollow portion that is not filled with resin is provided, carbon dioxide gas generated when moisture reacts with a substance that generates urethane resin can be released to the hollow portion. It is possible to prevent the degree of adhesion with the substrate from decreasing. As a result, it is possible to efficiently dissipate heat by bringing the resin into close contact with the switching element, which is an electronic component that generates a large amount of heat. In addition, since heat can be efficiently radiated from the heat-generating components constituting the lighting device using a resin, the lighting device can be reduced in size. In addition, carbon dioxide generated by moisture reacting with the substance that produces urethane resin can be released to the cavity, preventing the deterioration of the adhesion between the resin and electronic components and circuit boards due to the generation of carbon dioxide. can do. As a result, it is possible to efficiently dissipate heat by bringing the resin into close contact with the electronic component.
[0040]
According to the configuration of the invention of claim 2, even if it is an electronic component having a gap such as a variable resistor or a terminal, it becomes difficult for the resin to enter the inside, and the possibility of causing contact failure or malfunction is reduced. As a result, the yield is improved. In addition, it becomes possible to introduce the resin into the container so that the center part of the resin is raised from the peripheral part, and then fill the container while pressing the resin with the circuit board, so that the resin, the circuit board, and the circuit board are faced. The mounted electronic component can be brought into close contact with each other, and the heat dissipation of the electronic component by the resin can be efficiently performed. In addition, the carbon dioxide gas that has entered the cavity can be released to the outside air through the through hole, and even if the air inside the cavity expands and contracts due to the ambient temperature, no pressure is applied to the circuit board. It is possible to prevent mechanical stress from acting on the solder for mounting the electronic component.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a basic configuration .
FIG. 2 is a process diagram showing the same manufacturing process as above.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of the principle described above.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of the principle described above.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of the principle described above.
FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of the principle described above.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the main part of the above.
FIG. 9 is an enlarged sectional view showing a conventional example.
FIG. 10 is a sectional view showing the same problem as above.
FIG. 11 is a sectional view showing the same problem as above.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Circuit board 2 Container 3 Resin 4 Electronic component 5 Lead 6 Solder 7 Hollow part 8 Through-hole

Claims (2)

放電灯を点灯させる点灯回路の電子部品を実装したプリント基板からなる回路基板が収納された容器内に放熱用のウレタン樹脂が充填された電気機器であって、回路基板の一面において電子部品が半田固定されるとともに発熱量の大きい電子部品であるスイッチング素子が前記一面に表面実装され、コンタクトを設けた端子およびリードを有する電子部品が回路基板の他面に実装され、回路基板の前記一面と容器の内側底面との間にのみウレタン樹脂が充填されており、回路基板の前記一面と容器の内側底面との間にウレタン樹脂が充填されない空洞部が設けられていることを特徴とする電気機器。An electric device in which a heat dissipation urethane resin is filled in a container in which a circuit board made of a printed circuit board on which an electronic component of a lighting circuit for lighting a discharge lamp is mounted, and the electronic component is soldered on one surface of the circuit board A switching element, which is an electronic component that is fixed and generates a large amount of heat, is surface-mounted on the one surface, and an electronic component having terminals and leads provided with contacts is mounted on the other surface of the circuit board. electric apparatus only urethane resin is filled between the inner bottom surface, characterized in that the air-dong part urethane resin is not filled is provided between the inner bottom surface of the one surface and the container of the circuit board . 前記ウレタン樹脂の粘度は100Pa・s以上であり、構造粘性比は1.5以上2.0以下であり、前記回路基板の前記一面と前記容器の内側底面との距離は4mm以上6.3mm以下であり、前記空洞部は回路基板の前記一面と容器の内側底面との間であって前記電子部品の放熱経路に影響しない部位に設けられ、回路基板には空洞部と連通する貫通孔が形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1記載の電気機器。 The viscosity of the urethane resin is 100 Pa · s or more, the structural viscosity ratio is 1.5 or more and 2.0 or less, and the distance between the one surface of the circuit board and the inner bottom surface of the container is 4 mm or more and 6.3 mm or less. The hollow portion is provided between the one surface of the circuit board and the inner bottom surface of the container and does not affect the heat dissipation path of the electronic component, and a through hole communicating with the hollow portion is formed in the circuit board. electrical equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that it is.
JP2000331379A 2000-10-30 2000-10-30 Electrical equipment Expired - Fee Related JP3958927B2 (en)

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US7474024B2 (en) 2004-09-15 2009-01-06 Aisan Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Electronic control unit and electric pump
JP4797970B2 (en) * 2006-12-22 2011-10-19 パナソニック電工株式会社 LED lighting device
JP4985961B2 (en) * 2007-06-26 2012-07-25 東芝ライテック株式会社 Electrical equipment and discharge lamp lighting device
JP2010278365A (en) * 2009-05-29 2010-12-09 Toshiba Lighting & Technology Corp Wiring board housing apparatus and electrical equipment
JP5850696B2 (en) * 2011-10-17 2016-02-03 Necトーキン株式会社 Solid electrolytic capacitor

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