JP2897132B2 - Laminated body manufacturing method and apparatus - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for manufacturing a laminated body suitable for a laminated glass, for example, a filter for office automation (OA) equipment.

[Prior Art] Conventionally, as one of the methods for manufacturing a laminated body obtained by bonding laminated materials such as glass and plastic sheets, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No.
As disclosed in, for example, JP-A-51-103174, a method is known in which an assembly in which a plurality of thermoplastic plastics are laminated is heated and softened by high-frequency dielectric heating to integrally join the laminated materials. In this method, an assembly made of a plastic sheet laminate is sandwiched between a pair of upper and lower electrodes, and a high frequency is applied to the electrodes to heat the assembly.
Since heat is generated and heated from the inside of the assembly by high-frequency dielectric heating, heating can be efficiently performed without requiring time for heating,
Also, since the outer surface is not softened more than necessary, there is a great advantage that there is no fear that the laminated material is deformed even if the pressure is released in a short time.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, in such a conventional method of manufacturing a laminate by a high-frequency dielectric heating method, particularly, a thermoplastic sheet is interposed as an intermediate film and one side exceeds 10 cm. When manufacturing a large-sized laminate, heating and softening this interlayer film traps a part of the intervening air layer or generates air bubbles from the softened interlayer film and remains inside, making the laminate opaque. There is no problem in the case of a simple card, but in the case of a laminated body such as a laminated glass or a filter which requires translucency, there is a problem that quality and performance are adversely affected.

Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above-described conventional problems, and an object of the present invention is to reliably remove air bubbles remaining inside the laminate when the intermediate film is heated and softened. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and an apparatus for manufacturing a laminated body capable of obtaining a laminated body having good quality and performance.

[Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention has been made to achieve the above object.
According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for manufacturing a laminated body in which an intermediate film is sandwiched between laminated materials including at least one glass, and the obtained assembly is integrally joined by heating and heating. The assembly is placed in a storage portion provided on the upper surface of the lower electrode, and the storage portion is covered with a flexible cover and evacuated, and dielectric heating of the glass is performed by applying a high-frequency voltage to the upper electrode and the lower electrode. , The assembly is heated and heated, and the assembly is pressed by the upper electrode via the cover.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the vacuum depressurization is relaxed or released during the pressing of the assembly under the vacuum depressurization.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, the pressure is changed during the pressurization of the assembly under reduced pressure.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for manufacturing a laminated body in which an intermediate film is sandwiched between laminated materials including at least one piece of glass, and an obtained assembly is heated and heated to be integrally joined. A lower electrode for mounting the assembly on the upper surface, a flexible cover formed on the lower electrode for hermetically sealing a storage section for storing the assembly, and a vacuum pump for evacuating the storage section An upper electrode that presses the assembly in the storage unit through the cover, a high-frequency generator that applies a high-frequency voltage to the upper and lower electrodes to dielectrically heat the glass, and a lower electrode and an upper electrode. It is composed of a temperature control device for controlling the temperature.

[Operation] In the present invention, when an assembly constituting a dielectric is interposed between the upper and lower electrodes and a high frequency voltage is applied to these electrodes, the assembly is heated from the inside of the assembly due to dielectric loss, and the intermediate film moves south. To join the laminates together.

The flexible cover secures a vacuum in the storage section and closely adheres to the assembly.

EXAMPLES Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on examples shown in the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a laminate manufacturing apparatus used for manufacturing a laminate according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a laminate manufactured by the method of the present invention, and FIG. It is a disassembled perspective view of the same laminated body from which the film was omitted. First, the structure and the like of a laminate manufactured by the method of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3.
This shows a case where the present invention is applied to a filter 1 attached to a display screen A of an OA device. In these figures, a filter 1 is for forming a laminated glass, and two transparent glasses 2 and 3 as a laminated material formed in a flat plate shape, and a polarized light interposed between these glasses 2 and 3. The film 4 and the quarter retardation film 5 and the interlayer film 6 as an adhesive interposed between the glasses 2 and 3 and the polarizing film 4 and the quarter retardation film 5, respectively, and integrally joining them. It is composed of

The thicknesses of the glass 2 and 3 are 1.8 mm and 1.1 mm, respectively, the polarizing film 4 is 0.25 mm, the 1/4 retardation film 5 is 0.18 mm, and the intermediate film 6 is 0.25 mm.
The filter 1 has a thickness of about 4.08 mm as a whole. The glasses 2 and 3 are made of soda-lime glass or the like, and the surface of the glass 2 opposite to the display screen A side, that is, the surface of the filter 1 is coated with an antireflection film as necessary, and reflects indoor lighting and background reflection. To prevent On the other hand, the front surface of the glass 3 facing the display screen A, that is, the back surface of the filter 1 is coated with a transparent conductive film as necessary, and static electricity from the display device B,
Shields electromagnetic waves.

The polarizing film 4 transmits mainly light having one vibration direction, for example, only light in the vertical direction, out of light having vibrations in all directions.

The 1/4 retardation film 5 converts the linearly polarized light into circularly polarized light, and together with the reflection film, reduces and prevents the illumination of the room and the reflection of the background.

As the intermediate film 6, an adhesive for glass made of a synthetic resin film is used. As such an adhesive for glass film, plasticized polyvinyl butyral film (PVB
Membrane) or an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer containing a specific amount of vinyl acetate groups and manufactured by a high-pressure method and manufactured by Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., after a saponification reaction by a special method, and then acid-modified. An adhesive (Dumilan film F) made of a four-dimensional copolymer produced as described above is used.

In FIG. 1, a laminated body manufacturing apparatus 10 for manufacturing the filter 1 includes an upper electrode 12A and a lower electrode 12B which are disposed to face each other vertically and connected to a high frequency generator 11, respectively.

As the high-frequency generator 11, a conventionally known one may be used, but a suitable frequency is 10 to 100 MHz.

The upper electrode 12A has a cooling pipe 13 incorporated therein and is configured to be moved up and down by a pressurizing device 14. Cooling pipe 13
Is connected at both ends to a forced cooling device (temperature control device) 15,
The cooling water is configured to be circulated and supplied. Air cylinder as a pressure device 14, although the known pressure device such as a hydraulic cylinder is used, it is desirable to have a 1kgf / cm ² ~50kgf / cm ² about driving pressure.

The lower electrode 12B is fixedly arranged on a base 17 with a storage part (storage part) 16 large enough to fit the lower part of the upper electrode 12A on the upper surface. Similarly,
A cooling pipe 18 having both ends connected to the forced cooling device 15 and receiving a circulating supply of cooling water is incorporated. The storage section 16 has the above-mentioned glass 2 or 3 as a laminated material, the polarizing film 4, 1 /
4 Retardation film 5 and film-like interlayer 6 as adhesive
Are stored and arranged. On the upper surface of the lower electrode 12B, a flexible cover 21 for hermetically closing the housing portion 16 is provided with the peripheral portion held by a holding frame 22. As a material of the cover 21, heat resistance against heat conduction from the filter material 20 by high-frequency heating, the filter material 20 when pressurized by the pressurizing device 14,
Silicon rubber is used in consideration of protection, durability and the like. The holding frame 22 is rectangular, and one side is pivotally attached to one side edge of the upper surface of the lower electrode 12B by a hinge 23 so as to be openable and closable in the vertical direction, and the other three sides are hooked to the lower electrode 12B by a catch clip mounting bracket 24. Is done. An annular groove 25 surrounding the storage recess 16 is formed on the upper surface of the lower electrode 12B,
An O-ring 26 is fitted in the annular groove 25. The housing recess 16 is connected to a vacuum pump 28 via a pipe 27, and is evacuated when the filter material 20 is heated and pressurized, and is set to a predetermined degree of vacuum. Vacuum pump 28, the intermediate layer 6 is heated, when they are softened, intended for extracting bubbles remaining in the interior of the laminate, the housing recess 16 30~5 × 10 ^-4 To
Evacuate to rr vacuum.

In this case, if the vacuum is lower than 30 Torr,
If the inside of 20 is not sufficiently degassed and is higher than 5 × 10 ⁻⁴ Torr, discharge occurs between upper electrode 12A and lower electrode 12B, and filter material 20 may be damaged.

Next, a method for manufacturing the filter 1 in the laminated body manufacturing apparatus having such a configuration will be described.

First, open the holding frame 22 and put the filter material into the storage recess 16.
After the housing 20 is stored, the holding frame 22 is closed again, the cover 21 is brought into close contact with the upper surface of the lower electrode 12B, and the holding frame 22 is hooked and fixed to the lower electrode 12B by the catch clip mounting bracket 24. Then, the inside of the storage section 16 is evacuated by the vacuum pump 28 to a degree of vacuum of 0.5 Torr. When the storage section 16 is evacuated, the cover 21 bends inward and comes into close contact with the surface of the filter material 20. When a predetermined degree of vacuum is reached, the upper electrode 12A is lowered by the pressurizing device 14 to press the filter material 20 from above the cover 21 at a predetermined pressure, and at the same time, the high frequency generator 11 applies the upper electrode 12A and the lower electrode 12B. For example, 27.12M
A high frequency voltage of Hz is applied for a certain period of time, and the filter material 20 is subjected to high frequency dielectric heating. Then, since the inside of the filter material 20 is heated, the intermediate film 6 is heated to a high temperature and softened,
The glass 2, 3, the polarizing film 4, and the 1/4 retardation film 5 are integrally joined to produce the filter 1 shown in FIG. Here, when air bubbles remaining inside the laminate due to heating and softening of the intermediate film 6 are degassed, the filter material 20 is removed by 1.8 kgf / cm ^2.
And heated for 80 seconds, and then the vacuum pressure was released, followed by heating and pressing at 1.9 kgf / cm ² for 100 seconds for bonding. The temperature is 55 ° C. for the upper electrode 12A, 54 ° C. for the lower electrode 12B, and about 80 ° C. for the glass surface.

FIG. 4 shows the ε · tanδ (relative permittivity ×
It is a figure which shows the relationship between a dielectric loss tangent) and temperature. The value of ε · tanδ indicating the degree of heating indicates that the / 4 retardation film 5, the polarizing film 4, and the intermediate film 6 are large and easily heated in the first half of 70 ° C. In the latter half of 70 ° C., the glasses 2 and 3 are more easily heated than the respective films. Usually, when the electrode temperature is stored at about 60 ° C, the glass and each membrane are set on the electrode,
It is expected that temperature will be reached shortly. Therefore, when heating from 60 ° C. is considered, this heating is considered to be mainly dielectric heating of glass. That is, the dielectric heating effect at 70 ° C. or higher of each of the other films is small.

Thus, in the method of the present invention, since the inside of the storage recess 16 is evacuated when the filter material 20 is heated and pressurized, air bubbles remaining inside the laminate when the intermediate film 6 is softened can be removed. Good filter 1 without bubbles
Can be manufactured. Also, when the filter material 20 is heated by high-frequency dielectric heating, a predetermined temperature (about 90 ° C.) takes about 3 minutes.
Can be heated in a very short time as compared with the conventional heater system and electric furnace system, and the loss of heat energy is small. Close to the entire surface of the top electrode
When pressed at 12A, the filter 1 having a uniform thickness without distortion of the surface can be manufactured. In addition, the cover 21 not only helps to prevent the occurrence of scratches on the surface of the laminate, but also provides a flat surface of the lower surface of the upper electrode 12A when the upper electrode lower surface is pressed without being mirror-finished if the flatness of the lower surface is secured. Prevent cracking of the laminate.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a main part showing another embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the upper surface of the lower electrode 12B is formed as a flat surface, and the holding frame 22 holding the peripheral edge of the cover 21 is provided on the upper surface of the frame 30 via a hinge 23 so as to be freely opened and closed. The closed space surrounded by the cover 21 and the frame 30 is used as the storage section 16 for the filter material 20. The frame 30 is placed on the lower electrode 12B via an O-ring 31. Other configurations are substantially the same as those in the above embodiment.

In such a configuration, since the frame 30 is detachable from the lower electrode 12B, the workability is good and the filter material is
You can choose the frame according to the size of 20.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing still another embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the frame 30 and the cover shown in FIG.
Attach the holding frame 22 with 21 to the upper electrode 12A side with the bolt 40
The frame 30 is pressed to the upper surface of the lower electrode 12B via the shield member 42 when the storage section 16 is depressurized under vacuum, and then the filter material 20 is pressurized and heated. is there. The holding frame 22 is moved up and down along the outer peripheral surface of the upper electrode 12A. At least one of the holding frame 22 and the frame body 30 is preferably made of a material having no polarity in order to prevent a short circuit when a high-frequency voltage is applied. The mounting bolt 40 is slidably inserted into a bolt mounting hole 43 provided in the upper electrode 12A, and the spring 41 urges the holding frame 22 downward. As the shielding member 42, for example, silicon rubber, fluorine rubber, or the like is used, but an O-ring may be used.

In such a configuration, it is only necessary to lower the upper electrode 12A and press the frame 30 against the lower electrode 12B via the shield member 42, so that the cover 21 does not need to be set each time, and the operation is simple. .

Although the above embodiment has been described with reference to the case where the present invention is applied to a filter for a display screen as a laminate, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the present invention can be applied to a laminated glass of an automobile.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the method and the apparatus for manufacturing a laminate according to the present invention, the intermediate film is heated and softened by high-frequency dielectric heating. Since the assembly can be heated well and joined together, and the air bubbles remaining inside the laminate when the interlayer film is softened can be reliably removed by vacuum decompression, laminated glass, filters, etc., which require translucency are required. It is suitable for the production of, and can improve quality and performance.

In addition, since the assembly is covered by the flexible cover during heating, if the flatness of the upper electrode is ensured, it is possible to prevent the laminate from cracking without mirror-finishing the lower surface of the upper electrode. It is also useful for preventing scratches on the laminate surface.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of a laminate manufacturing apparatus used for manufacturing a laminate according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing an example of a laminate manufactured by the method of the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of the laminated body with the intermediate film omitted, FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the relationship between ε · tanδ of each laminated material and the intermediate layer, and temperature, and FIG. 5 is another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing still another embodiment of the present invention. 1 ... Filter (laminate), 2, 3 ... Glass, 4 ...
Polarizing film, 5: 1/4 retardation film, 6: Intermediate film (adhesive), 11: High frequency generator, 12A: Upper electrode, 12B ...
... lower electrode, 14 ... pressurizing device, 15 ... forced cooling device, 16
… Storage part, 20… filter material (assembly), 21… cover, 22… holding frame, 28… vacuum pump.

Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-1-141843 (JP, A) JP-A-1-141842 (JP, A) JP-A-58-131062 (JP, A) JP-A-58-219048 (JP) , A) JP-B-58-12140 (JP, B2) JP-T-61-501972 (JP, A)

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A method of manufacturing a laminated body, wherein an intermediate film is sandwiched between laminated materials including at least one sheet of glass, and the obtained assembly is integrally joined by heating and heating. Is disposed in a storage portion provided on the upper surface of the lower electrode, the storage portion is covered with a flexible cover and evacuated, and the glass is subjected to dielectric heating by applying a high-frequency voltage to the upper electrode and the lower electrode. A method for manufacturing a laminate, comprising: heating the assembly, heating the assembly, and pressing the assembly via the cover with the upper electrode. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the vacuum is reduced or released during the pressing of the assembly under reduced pressure. 3. The method for manufacturing a laminate according to claim 1, wherein the pressing force is changed during the pressing of the assembly under reduced pressure in a vacuum. 4. An apparatus for manufacturing a laminate in which an intermediate film is sandwiched between laminated materials containing at least one glass, and the obtained assembly is heated and heated to be integrally joined. A lower electrode for mounting the assembly, a flexible cover formed on the lower electrode and hermetically sealing a housing for housing the assembly, a vacuum pump for evacuating the housing, An upper electrode that presses the assembly in the storage unit through the cover, a high-frequency generator that applies a high-frequency voltage to the upper and lower electrodes to dielectrically heat the glass,
An apparatus for manufacturing a laminated body, comprising: a temperature controller for controlling the temperatures of the lower electrode and the upper electrode.