JP2720537B2 - Milling tool - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a rolling tool mainly used for plane machining of a work material such as a face mill.

[Prior art] Various types of milling tools have been conventionally proposed as a milling tool used when performing plane machining on a work material. Among them, a face milling tool has a low cutting resistance and is used for strong cutting. It is the most commonly used because it is suitable.

The front milling tool includes a cutter body that is rotated around its axis, a front cutting edge provided on a distal end surface of the cutter body, and an outer peripheral cutting blade provided on a distal end portion of the outer peripheral surface of the cutter main body. Tool. Each of these cutting blades is generally made of carbide, and most of the mounting methods are of a throw-away type in which a carbide tip having each of the cutting blades is detachably fixed. As an example of a conventional face milling tool, an example of a throw-away type face milling tool will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 to 8. FIG.

6 to 8, reference numeral 1 denotes a cutter body. The cutter body 1 is a cylindrical body having a small-diameter portion at one end as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, and the tip of the cutter body 1 and a tip opened radially outward are provided on the outer periphery of the tip portion. A large number of mounting grooves 2 are formed at equal intervals along the circumferential direction. A throw-away tip (hereinafter abbreviated as a tip) 3 is inserted into the tip mounting groove 2 on one wall surface of the tip mounting groove 2 by a clamp mechanism 6 including a wedge member 4 and a clamp screw 5. By being pressed, it is detachably fixed at a predetermined position.

As shown in FIG. 6, the chip 3 is a cemented carbide plate material having a substantially square shape in a plan view, and is fixed to one side protruding from the tip end surface of the cutter body 1 when fixed at a predetermined position of the chip mounting groove 2. Is provided with a front cutting edge 3a, and an outer peripheral cutting edge 3b is provided on one side protruding from the tip of the outer peripheral surface of the cutter body 1.

In addition, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the cutter body 1
And a tip pocket 7 which is open radially outward and has an arc-shaped wall surface. The tip pocket 7 is for successively inducing and discharging chips generated by the cutting blades 3a and 3b to the outside of the cutter main body 1, and the work material is a continuous flow form such as mild steel. If it is made of a material that easily generates chips, it also has a role of rounding and cutting continuously generated chips.

On the other hand, the small diameter side of the cutter body 1 is provided with an arbor 8.
, And are integrally fixed via a detent key 9. That is, by fitting the mounting hole 10 at the central portion on the small diameter side of the cutter body 1 to the shaft portion 8a of the arbor 8 and screwing the tightening bolt 11 from the large diameter side end surface to the shaft 8b end surface of the arbor 8 It is fixed integrally with the arbor 8 coaxially. On the opposite side of the shaft portion 8a of the arbor 8, there is provided a tapered shank 8b for fitting with a tapered hole 12a of a machine tool spindle (hereinafter, abbreviated as the spindle). Is formed with a female screw (not shown). The internal thread is used to pull up the arbor 8 in the axial direction of the main shaft 12 with a drawing bolt (not shown) in the main shaft 12 to firmly couple the face milling cutter with the main shaft 12.

The following procedure is used to perform the planar processing of the work material W using the face milling tool having the above configuration.

As shown in FIG. 6, first, the tapered shank 8b of the arbor 8 is fitted into the tapered hole 12a of the main shaft 12, the arbor 8 is pulled up in the axial direction of the main shaft 12 by a drawing bolt, and the arbor 8 is moved to the main shaft key 13. Via spindle 12
, And the face mill is mounted on the spindle 12. Next, the work material W is fixed on a machine table (not shown) such that the work surface is orthogonal to the axis of the main shaft 12. Then, the spindle 12 is rotated around its axis, and the spindle 12 or the machine table is moved in the axial direction of the spindle 12, so that the workpiece W
A predetermined cut is made on the surface, and the spindle 12 or the machine table is moved in a direction orthogonal to the axis of the spindle 12. Then, the surface portion of the work material W is cut one after another by the front cutting edge 3a and the outer peripheral cutting edge 3b, and the flat surface is processed.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] By the way, when plane machining is performed using the above-described conventional face milling tool, chips generated by the respective cutting edges 3a and 3b are divided by the tip pockets 7 and successively. Although it is discharged to the outside of the cutter body 1, this is a problem for the following reason.

First, the chips discharged to the outside of the cutter body 1
The particles spatter randomly on the surface of the work material W, on the machine, or around the machine. This not only deteriorates the working environment, but also sometimes causes the scattered chips to enter the sliding surface or the like of the machine main body, thereby lowering the accuracy and life of the machine.

When the chips are deposited on the surface of the work material W, each cutting edge 3
In some cases, the chips a and 3b bite these chips, causing chipping of the cutting edge and deterioration of the machined surface.

Further, since these chips are usually heated to a high temperature, the chips deposited on the surface of the work material W or on the machine become a heat source, causing thermal deformation of the work material W or the machine, thereby reducing the processing accuracy. Had led to a decline.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and a chip of a milling tool capable of processing a chip generated by each of the cutting edges 3a and 3b without scattering the chip to the surface of the work material W or the periphery of the machine. It is intended to provide a discharge mechanism.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention relates to a cutting tool provided with a cutting blade on the outer periphery of the tip end of a cutter body that is rotated about an axis. A chip storage body that covers the outer periphery is provided, and a chip discharge space is formed between the outer peripheral surface of the cutter body and the inner peripheral surface of the chip storage body, and is generated by a cutting blade near the tip of the cutter body. A chip guide member is provided to guide the cut chips into the chip discharge space, and an air jet pump for sucking air in the chip discharge space and discharging the air to the outside is connected to the chip storage body. is there.

[Operation] When plane machining is performed on the surface of a work material using the above-described milling tool, the chips generated by the respective cutting blades are first guided to the chip discharge space sequentially by the chip guide member. The chips in the chip discharge space are discharged to the outside of the chip storage together with air by an air jet pump connected to the chip storage. Therefore, the chips generated by each cutting blade can be processed without being scattered on the surface of the work material or around the machine.

Then, in the air jet pump, a suction force can be exerted simply by supplying air. In addition, since the air jet pump has no rotating mechanism, there is no failure due to biting of chips or the like, and maintenance is simplified.

Embodiment An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5. 6 to 8 in each figure.
The same components as those in the drawings are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description will be simplified.

In FIGS. 1 to 3, reference numeral 1 denotes a cutter body. The cutter body 1 is a cylindrical body having a small-diameter portion extended in the distal direction more than the conventional face milling tool, and has a tip mounted on the outer periphery of the distal end similarly to the conventional face milling tool. A large number of grooves 2 and chip pockets 7 are formed along the circumferential direction. Further, the chip 3 having a front cutting edge 3a and an outer peripheral cutting edge 3b is wedge-shaped in the chip mounting groove 2 similarly to the conventional face milling machine. Member 4
And a clamp mechanism 6 comprising a clamp screw 5 and is detachably fixed at a predetermined position.

Further, in the face milling tool of the present embodiment, the chips for guiding and discharging the chips generated by the respective cutting edges 3a and 3b to the chip discharge space 21 described later are provided on the tip end surface of the cutter body 1. A guide member 14 is embedded with its surface slightly retreated in the axial direction from the front cutting edge 3a, and is fixed by a countersunk screw 15.

As shown in FIG. 4, the chip guide member 14 is a plate member having the same number of hook-shaped pieces 14a formed on the outer periphery as the above-mentioned chips 3 at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. blade
3b, the outer peripheral surface of the hook-shaped piece 14a is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the tip 3 when it is fixed to the tip end surface of the cutter body 1 as shown in FIGS. The cutter blade 3b is located slightly inward in the radial direction of the cutter body 1 from the cutting blade 3b. The hook-shaped piece 14
a, when fixed to the cutter body 1, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, covers the chip pocket 7, closes the chip discharge space 21 described later, and bends the tip surface in the bending direction. A small gap is formed between the cutting surface 14b and the rake face of the tip 3 so that the chips peeled off from the work material surface by the respective cutting edges 3a and 3b are guided to the tip pocket 7. Its shape is determined. FIGS. 3 and 4 show the tip of the hook-shaped piece 14a.
As shown in the figure, a bending direction of the hook-shaped piece 14a and a groove 14c opened toward the mounting surface side of the chip guide member 14 are formed, and the rake face of the chip 3 and the bending of the hook-shaped piece 14a are formed. The inside of the gap between the directional tip surface 14b is enlarged to prevent clogging of chips passing through the gap.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 1, the cutter body 1 has a shaft portion of an arbor 8 similar to the conventional face milling tool.
A mounting hole 10 is fitted into 8a, and a tightening bolt 11 is screwed into the end face of the shaft 8b of the arbor 8 from the end face on the large-diameter side. I have. On the opposite side of the shaft portion 8a of the arbor 8, a taper shank 8b for fitting with the tapered hole 12a of the main shaft 12 is provided. An internal thread portion for firmly connecting the face milling tool and the main shaft 12 is formed by a drawing bolt (not shown) therein.

Further, a large-diameter shaft portion 8c is formed at the rear end of the shaft portion 8a of the arbor 8, and a retaining ring 16 is formed on the large-diameter shaft portion 8c.
The bearing 17 is fixed by this, and a chip storage body 18 is fitted on the outer ring of the bearing 17. The chip storage body 18 is integrally connected to a cover 19 fitted on the outer ring of the bearing 17 from the opposite side by a bolt 20, and is rotatable coaxially with the cutter body 1. .

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the chip storage body 18 is a thin-walled hollow cylindrical body that covers the cutter body 1 and the outer peripheral cutting edge 3b. The chip discharge space 21 having a size large enough to store the chips separated by the tip pocket 7 is formed between the cutter body 1 and the outer peripheral surface of the small diameter portion. The inner peripheral surface in the vicinity of the bearing 17 is narrowed to be slightly larger than the small diameter portion of the cutter body 1.
The sealing performance of the chip discharge space 21 is enhanced, and a dustproof effect on the bearing 17 is generated. Further, the tip surface of the chip storage body 18 is located at a position slightly retreated in the axial direction from a portion of the outer peripheral cutting edge 3b of the tip 3 cut into the work material. The surface is narrowed to a degree slightly larger than the turning diameter of the outer peripheral cutting edge 3b.

On the other hand, an air jet pump 22 that sucks chips in the chip discharge space 21 together with air and discharges the chips to the outside is connected to the outer peripheral surface of the chip storage body 18. That is, a through hole formed on the outer peripheral surface of the chip storage
A connection pipe 23 is fitted to 18a, a suction port of the air jet pump 22 is connected to a flange 23a of the connection pipe 23, and one end of a duct hose 24 is fitted to a discharge port of the air jet pump 22. Connected.

The air jet pump 22 has a cylindrical main body.
The base end of 25 is a suction port and is connected to the flange 23a of the connecting pipe 23, and the tip is a discharge port and connected to one end of the duct hose 24. In the main body 25, an annular air chamber 25a is formed on a side wall portion of the main body 25 so as to make a round in the circumferential direction, and a tapered air ejection passage 25b is formed from a base end position of the air chamber 25a toward a distal end side of the inner peripheral surface. It was done.
The diameter of the inner peripheral surface of the main body 25 is reduced most near the opening of the air ejection passage 25b, and is gradually increased from the opening toward the base end and the distal end. An air supply hose 26 connected to an air supply source is connected to the air chamber 25a of the main body 25 formed as described above.

The other end of the duct hose 24 is connected to a chip receiving box 27.

The chip receiving box 27 is configured to be able to be divided vertically by a side wall portion, and a lower portion is a chip storing portion 28 and an upper portion is a lid portion 29. The chip receiving portion 28 has a mesh receiving plate 3 for receiving the chips S at a position near the lower surface 28a.
0 is provided, and cutting oil A is provided on the lower side wall of the mesh receiving plate 30.
There is provided a discharge pipe 31 for discharging water. In addition, a pipe 32 for communicating the duct hose 24 into the chip receiving box 27 is provided on a side wall of the lid 29, and a filter 33 for exhaust is provided on a ceiling wall thereof. A shielding plate 34 for shielding a portion on an extension of the opening of the pipe 32 is provided to be inclined downward and in a direction away from the opening.

The following procedure is used to perform the planar processing of the work material W using the face milling tool having the above configuration.

First, as shown in FIG. 1, the tapered shank 8b of the arbor 8 is fitted into the tapered hole 12a of the main shaft 12,
The arbor 8 is pulled up by the drawing bolt in the axial direction of the spindle 12, and the arbor 8 is pulled through the spindle key 13.
12 and the face milling tool is mounted on the spindle 12.

Next, the work material W is fixed on a machine table (not shown) such that the work surface is orthogonal to the axis of the main shaft 12. Then, the main shaft 12 is rotated around its axis, the main shaft 12 or the machine table is moved in the axial direction of the main shaft 12 to give a predetermined cut on the surface of the work material W, and while operating the suction machine (not shown), the main shaft 12 is rotated. Alternatively, the machine table is moved in a direction orthogonal to the axis of the main shaft 12.

Then, the chips peeled off from the surface of the workpiece W by the front cutting edge 3a are separated from the surface side of the chip guide member 14 by a gap between the rake face of the chip 3 and the end face of the hook-shaped piece 14a of the chip guide member 14. It is guided to the part and is discharged into the chip pocket 7 and is divided. The chips peeled off from the surface of the work material W by the outer peripheral cutting edge 3b are separated from the outer peripheral side of the chip guide member 14 by a gap between the chip 3 rake face and the hook-shaped piece 14a end face of the chip guide member 14. It is guided to the part, discharged into the chip pocket 7 and divided. And the tip pocket 7
Inside, new chips are discharged one after another, so the separated chips are pushed up to the chip discharge space 21, and the air jet pump 22 and the duct hose 2 are passed through the through holes 18 a.
4 and is collected in the chip receiving box 27.

Further, in the air jet pump 22, air is spouted at high speed from the air spouting passage 25b to the distal end side in the main body 25, and since the spouting portion of the air is reduced in diameter, the pressure of the spouting portion becomes low. . In addition, since the air on the base end side is pulled by the inertial force of the ejected air, a large amount of air in the chip discharge space 21 is sucked by the air jet pump 22.

Further, the chips S sent into the chip receiving box 27 come into contact with the shielding plate 34, the speed thereof is rapidly reduced, and the mesh receiving plate 27
Deposit on 30. Also, the cutting oil A attached to the chips S
Fall from the mesh receiving plate 30 and accumulate below, and are further discharged from the discharge pipe 31. Air is exhausted through the filter 33.

As described above, in the face milling tool of the present embodiment, chips generated by the respective cutting edges 3a and 3b during machining are transferred to the chip discharge space 21 via the chip pocket 7 by the chip guide member 14. The chips are successively sucked and discharged to the outside of the chip storage unit 18 by the air jet pump 22 connected to the chip storage unit 18 so that the chip W
It does not accumulate on the surface of the material or scatter on or around the machine. Therefore, there is no occurrence of cutting edge loss or deterioration of the machined surface at the time of machining, there is no fear of deterioration in accuracy due to thermal deformation of the work material W or the machine, and no decrease in machine accuracy or life due to intrusion of chips can occur. .

Moreover, since air is sucked by the air jet pump 22, there is an effect that a large amount of air in the chip discharge space 21 can be sucked. In addition, the air jet pump 22 has the advantage that it can be installed simply and inexpensively because it can exert a suction force simply by supplying air. In addition, since the air jet pump 22 has no rotating mechanism, it does not break down due to bitten chips or the like, and maintenance is easy.

Further, since the chip receiving box 27 is provided with the shielding plate 27, the chip S is dropped by dropping the chip S.
And air can be separated in a short time, and only air can be discharged from the filter 33. Moreover, the mesh backing plate
30 has the advantage that chips S and cutting oil A can be separated.

In this embodiment, the throw-away type face milling tool has been described, but the rolling tool of the present invention is not limited to this, and an integrated face milling tool in which a carbide tip is brazed to the cutter body or , And can be sufficiently applied to shell end mills. It is most preferable that the position of the connecting pipe 23 of the chip storage body 18 be a position where chips generated by the respective cutting blades 3a and 3b are scattered by the centrifugal force of the cutter body 1. Further, the number of the chips is not limited to one, and if provided at a plurality of places, the chip suction effect can be further enhanced.

[Effect of the Invention] As described above, according to the chip discharge mechanism of the rolling tool of the present invention, chips generated by the cutting blade during machining are guided and discharged into the chip discharge space by the chip guide member. Then, the air is sequentially sucked and discharged to the outside of the chip storage body by an air jet pump connected to the chip storage body.

Therefore, the chips do not spatter randomly on the surface of the work material, on the machine, or around the machine, so that the working environment is not deteriorated and the precision and life of the machine are not reduced.

In addition, since chips do not accumulate on the surface of the work material, there is no risk of chipping of the cutting edge or deterioration of the machined surface due to the biting of the cutting edge, and the chip is a heat source. Thermal deformation of the material and the machine cannot occur, and the processing accuracy can be maintained.

Furthermore, simply supplying air to the air jet pump allows the chips in the chip discharge space to be sucked together with the air and discharged to the outside, so that the air jet pump can be installed simply and inexpensively. There is an advantage that you can. In addition, since the air jet pump has no rotating mechanism, there is no failure due to biting of chips or the like, and maintenance is extremely simple.

[Brief description of the drawings]

1 to 5 show an embodiment of the present invention.
1 is a sectional view of the tool, FIG. 2 is a bottom view of the tool, FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a tool edge portion, FIG. 4 is a plan view of a chip guide member, and FIG. Sectional views and FIGS. 6 to 8 are views showing an example of a conventional milling tool.
FIG. 6 is a sectional view of the tool, FIG. 7 is a bottom view of the tool,
FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of a tool edge portion. 1 ... cutter body, 3a ... front cutting edge, 3b ... outer peripheral cutting edge, 8 ... arbor, 12 ... machine spindle, 14 ... chip guide member, 18 ... chip storage body, 21 ... Chip discharge space, 22 ... Air jet pump.

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A cutting tool having a cutting blade provided on an outer peripheral portion of a tip end of a cutter main body that is rotated about an axis, wherein a chip storage body that covers an outer periphery of the cutter main body is provided, and A chip discharge space is formed between an outer peripheral surface of the main body and an inner peripheral surface of the chip storage body, and a chip that guides chips generated by the cutting blade to a chip discharge space near a tip of the cutter body. A chip discharge mechanism, wherein a chip guide member is provided, and an air jet pump that sucks air in the chip discharge space and discharges the air to the outside is connected to the chip storage body.