JP2015131273A - Jig sorting apparatus and jig sorting method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a jig sorting apparatus and a jig sorting method that can sort a particle mixture by moving a particle mixture up and down with a simple mechanism. SOLUTION: A plurality of jet ports 22 for jetting a fluid at intervals in the flow direction of a particle mixture P in which a plurality of particles having different densities are mixed are provided, and the particle mixture is fed by a plurality of jet ports while feeding the particle mixture. By ejecting the fluid W toward the particle mixture to be conveyed, the fluid W is repeatedly raised and dropped by the number of ejection ports, and is stratified for each particle having a different density. [Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a sorting apparatus and a sorting method for sorting a particle mixture in which a plurality of particles having different densities are mixed into each particle by a jig sorting method.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a sorting method using jig sorting is used as a method for sorting a particle mixture including a plurality of particles having different densities into particles. This jig sorting utilizes the fact that, in the initial stage of sedimentation when particles begin to settle in the fluid, the sedimentation rate of the particles is largely determined only by the density without being influenced by the particle size.

This principle will be briefly explained. First, since the force applied to the particles in the fluid is gravity, buoyancy, and resistance, assuming that the particles are spherical, the equation of motion of the following equation (1) is obtained.
<Formula 1>
^{(Πx 3/6) · ρ} P · (dv / dt) = (πx 3/6) · (ρ P- ρ f) g-R
... (1)
Here, x is the particle diameter, ρ _P is the particle density, v is the particle settling velocity, t is time, ρ _f is the fluid density, g is the gravitational acceleration, and R is the resistance.
In the equation (1), since the sedimentation rate is small at the initial stage of particle sedimentation and can be approximated to the resistance R = 0, the solution of the equation (1) is the following equation (2). Is a function of
<Formula 2>
v = (1−ρ _f / ρ _P ) gt (2)
In other words, since particles with a high density have a higher settling speed than particles with a low density in the early stage of particle settling, particles with a high density are stratified below particles with a low density by raising the particle mixture and then settling. It is possible to classify by density.

  As an apparatus using the jig sorting method, for example, a ROM jig apparatus in which a particle mixture is placed on a submerged plate and the plate is swung up and down by water pressure to vertically move the particle mixture. A BATAC jig that places a particle mixture on a submerged fixed plate and moves the particle mixture up and down by a vertical water flow generated by periodically entering and exhausting compressed air into an air chamber provided below the fixed plate. The apparatus is used (refer nonpatent literature 1).

G. J. Sanders, two others, “Cost-Efficient Benefits of Coal by ROM JIGs and BATAC Jigs”, Coal Preparation, Vol. 22, P181-197, 2002

However, the ROM jig apparatus and the BATAC jig apparatus require a mechanism for moving the plate up and down and a mechanism for generating a vertical water flow, and there is a problem that the apparatus becomes complicated and excessively expensive.
The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a jig sorting apparatus and a jig sorting method capable of moving a particle mixture up and down with a simple structure.

  The invention made in order to solve the above-mentioned problem is that the density of the density is increased by repeatedly adding the fluid jet to the particle mixture in which a plurality of particles having different densities are mixed, and repeatedly raising and dropping the particle mixture. A jig sorting device that stratifies and classifies different particles, a flow path for feeding a particle mixture, and the particle mixture that is provided and spaced apart in the flow direction of the flow path A plurality of outlets for ejecting a fluid toward the surface, and the particle mixture is flowed in while continuously ejecting the fluid from the plurality of outlets.

  In this way, every time the particle mixture reaches the position where the particle mixture receives the jet flow by flowing the particle mixture while continuously ejecting the fluid from the jet port provided at intervals in the flow direction of the flow path. Since the movement of descending is repeated when it is raised, a mechanism for intermittently ejecting fluid can be omitted. Incidentally, in the above-described conventional jig sorting apparatus, each time of vertical movement of the plate and water flow bears multiple times of vertical movement that should be added to the particle mixture, whereas in the present invention, each jet flow from a plurality of jet outlets It will be responsible for each round of up and down movements to be added to the particle mixture.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the flow path is an inclined path that goes down in the flow direction. By doing so, the particle mixture can be fed by gravity.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the said flow path consists of a pipe | tube or a soot, and is comprised so that a liquid may be used as said fluid. By carrying out like this, a particle mixture can be made to flow using the fluid which spouted from the jet nozzle flows through a flow path.

  The flow path has a cross-sectional shape in which the lower part of the inner wall is deepened from both sides in the width direction perpendicular to the flow direction toward the center, and the plurality of jet ports are formed at the center in the width direction of the flow path. It is preferable to be provided. By doing so, the particle mixture that has been lifted up by the jetted fluid convects back to the center of the inflow channel with the jet outlet, so that the particle mixture can be efficiently moved up and down.

  The flow path is preferably capable of changing an inclination angle. In this way, the inclination angle of the flow path can be adjusted so that the particle mixture has the optimum vertical movement for classifying the particles.

The present invention categorizes each particle having different density by stratifying the particle mixture by repeatedly adding the fluid upward flow several times to the particle mixture in which a plurality of particles having different densities are mixed and repeatedly raising and dropping the particle mixture. A plurality of jet nozzles for ejecting fluid at intervals in the flow direction of the particle mixture, and supplying the particle mixture conveyed by the plurality of jet nozzles while feeding the particle mixture. And a method characterized by ejecting fluid toward.
Here, the “fluid” includes all substances having fluidity, and includes a gas, a liquid, a mixture thereof, a gas or a liquid mixed with a powdered solid, or the like. “Feeding” includes both forcibly feeding the particle mixture by a belt conveyor, a gas or liquid flow, and the like, and those in which the particle mixture is naturally fed by its own weight. In addition, the “jet port” is not limited to one having a single hole, but is a collection of a large number of holes in substantially the same position in the flow direction of the flow path or the width direction of the flow path. It shall also include those arranged in a straight line.

  As described above, according to the jig sorting apparatus and the jig sorting method of the present invention, the particle mixture in which particles having different densities and a simple structure are mixed can be moved up and down.

It is the side view which showed typically the jig | tool sorter | selector which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is the XX sectional view taken on the line in FIG. It is the perspective view which showed typically the collection | recovery slit of the jig | tool selection apparatus of FIG. It is side surface sectional drawing of the principal part which showed typically the jig | tool sorter | selector which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention.

(First embodiment)
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings as appropriate. FIG. 1 is a jig sorting apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention, which sorts a particle mixture P in which two kinds of particles having different densities are mixed by a jig sorting method. The jig sorting device 1 includes a flow pipe (flow path in claims) 2, a storage pipe 3 for storing water (fluid) W from a jet port 22 of the flow pipe 2, and a particle mixture P. The first to third recovery pipes 41, 42, 43 for discharging the water, the drain pipe 5 for discharging water from the flow pipe 2, and the support legs 7 are mainly provided.
The jig sorting device and jig sorting method of the present invention are not limited to the following embodiments.

  The flow pipe 2 is formed of a circular pipe, and the direction in which the circular pipe extends is the flow direction of the particle mixture. The inflow pipe 2 is provided with an inflow port 21 into which the particle mixture flows into the upstream end portion in the inflow direction, and is configured so that the end portion on the downstream side in the inflow direction is sealed and water is accumulated inside. Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the flow pipe 2 has a plurality of jets 22, 22,... Penetrating through the peripheral wall at appropriate intervals along the flow direction at the lowest position of the cross section of the peripheral wall. Is provided.

  Three recovery pipes 41, 42, 43 are branched from the lower surface of the peripheral wall on the downstream side in the conveying direction of the flow pipe 2. The flow pipe 2, the recovery pipes 41, ... discharge the classified particles. The first to third recovery slits 23, 24, and 25 communicate with each other. As shown in FIG. 3, the recovery slits 23, 24, and 25 have a rectangular shape whose longitudinal direction extends in the circumferential direction of the flow pipe 2 and is provided at the lowest position of the cross section of the flow pipe 2.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the storage pipe 3 is provided around the outer periphery of the flow pipe 2 so as to cover the plurality of jet ports 22. The storage tube 3 is closed at both ends, and a space for storing water is provided between the storage tube 3 and the peripheral wall of the flow pipe 2 so as to be jetted from the jet port 22. The upper part of the peripheral wall of the storage pipe 2 is connected to a water supply pipe 6 through which water flows into the storage pipe 3 from two positions on the upstream side and the downstream side in the transport direction.

  The drain pipe 5 is branched further downstream from the recovery slits 23, 24, and 25 so as to rise upward from the upper surface side of the peripheral wall of the flow pipe 2, and overflows the drain pipe 5 after passing through the flow pipe 2. Water is discharged from the upper opening 51, and a suitable length is formed so that the inside of the inflow pipe 2 is sufficiently filled with water up to the inlet 21 while maintaining a sufficient water level in the pipe.

  The support leg 7 is provided so that the inclination of the flow pipe 2 can be adjusted by loosening the screw and changing the length.

  Next, a mechanism for classifying the particle mixture P (for example, sand and anthracite) in which the high density particles A and the low density particles B are mixed by the jig sorting apparatus 1 will be described with reference to FIG. First, water is caused to flow from the water supply pipe 6 into the storage pipe 3. The water that has flowed into the storage pipe 3 is ejected from the outlets 22, 22,... Of the flow pipe 2 into the flow pipe 2 and fills the flow pipe 2. When water flows into the inflow pipe 2 up to the inflow port 21, the particle mixture P is caused to flow in from the inflow port 21.

  The particle mixture P that has flowed into the inflow pipe 2 from the inflow port 21 starts to descend due to its own weight in the inflow pipe 2 inclined toward the downstream side in the inflow direction. When the particle mixture P reaches the jet outlet 22 on the uppermost stream side, the particle mixture P is swung up by the water flow continuously jetted from the jet outlet 22 at a substantially constant flow rate, and then settled by its own weight. In the initial stage of sedimentation when the particles are changed from rising to sedimentation, the particles A having a high density have a larger sedimentation speed than the particles B having a low density as described above, and therefore settle before the particles B. In this way, the particle mixture P laminated inside the flow pipe 2 so that the particles A are slightly distributed on the lower layer side and the particles B are distributed on the upper layer side flows down to the next jet port 22 by its own weight and water flow. When the next jetting port 22 is reached, the particle mixture P is swollen again by the flowing water jetted from the jetting port and then settles. Thereafter, this process is repeated for the number of the ejection ports, and after passing through the final ejection port 22, the particles A and the particles B are substantially separated into two upper and lower layers.

  Then, when the particle mixture P separated into the upper and lower two layers further flows down the flow pipe 2 and reaches the recovery slit 23, the boundary between the particles A forming the lower layer and the upper particles B is reached. The particles A stacked on the lower part excluding the stacked ones flow into the recovery pipe 41 from the recovery slit 23. Next, when the remaining particle mixture P reaches the next recovery slit 24, the particles A and B at the boundary between the particle A layer and the particle B layer are moved from the recovery slit 24 into the recovery pipe 42. Flow into. Then, the last remaining particle B flows down to the next recovery slit 25 and flows into the recovery pipe 43.

  The recovery pipes 41, 42, 43 are each provided with two valves. As shown in FIG. 1, the upper valves 81, 83, 85 are opened, and the lower valves 82, 84, 86 are opened. With the closed, particles are collected between the upper and lower valves. When transferring the collected particles to the next step, the jet pumps 101, 102 are closed with the upper valves 81, 83, 85 closed and the lower valves 82, 84, 86 opened. , 103. In FIG. 1, reference numerals 91, 92, and 93 denote water supply pipes that supply flowing water for particle transfer, and reference numerals 121, 122, and 123 denote drive pumps that supply pressurized working water to the jet pump. Particles A and B recovered by the recovery pipe 41 and the recovery pipe 43 are transported to an apparatus for performing the next step such as washing and classification by the transfer pipes 111 and 112, and are recovered by the recovery pipe 42. P is again input to the uppermost stream of the flow pipe 2 from the reflow pipe 130 through the transfer pipe 113, and is again classified.

  When selecting a particle mixture different from the particle mixture P, the inclination of the flow pipe 2 and the momentum of the jet from the jet port 22 are adjusted as appropriate.

  As described above, in the jig sorting apparatus 1, the plurality of jets 22 apply jets to the particle mixture P in order from the jets on the upstream side in the flow direction, so that jets are intermittently added to the particle mixture P. Therefore, it is not necessary to add pulsation to the water ejected from the ejection port 22 or to intermittently inject water, and a mechanism for pulsating the water is not necessary, and the apparatus can be greatly simplified.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 2, in the jig sorting apparatus 1, since the feed pipe 2 is formed of a cylinder, a dead space is not easily generated in the cross section in the width direction perpendicular to the feed direction, and the fluid can be smoothly convected. Therefore, the particle mixture can be separated and stratified efficiently. Furthermore, the flow pipe 2 is lowered from both sides toward the center in the cross section in the width direction, and the jet port 22 is provided in the center, so that the settled particle mixture is placed in the center of the flow path where the jet port is located. Since it returns, the particle mixture can be efficiently moved up and down. In addition, since the inclination of the flow pipe 2 can be adjusted, different particle mixtures can be selected.

(Second Embodiment)
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the second embodiment, portions common to the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted, and the particle mixture P composed of particles A and particles B is also classified in the second embodiment. .
FIG. 4 shows a downstream portion of the jig sorting apparatus 201 according to the second embodiment of the present invention. The jig sorting apparatus 201 includes an upstream collection slit 223 and a downstream collection slit 224. The collection slits 223 and 224 have the same rectangular shape (see FIG. 3) as the collection slits 23 to 25 of the first embodiment. The upstream collection slit 223 is provided with a slit width adjustment lid 250 that slides in the axial direction of the flow tube 2 to adjust the width of the collection slit 223, and slightly downstream of the collection slit 223, A shielding plate 260 that slides up and down in accordance with the thickness of the layer of particles A is provided so as to block only the particles A that are layered on the lower side.

  The jig sorting device 201 is based on a color sensor camera (not shown) and information from the color sensor camera, and a control mechanism for controlling the operation of the slit width adjusting lid 250 and the shielding plate 260 via the driving devices 251 and 261 ( (Not shown), and the upper and lower layer boundaries are discriminated from the image of the particle mixture flowing in the vicinity of the collection slit 223, and the lower layer particle A is collected by the slit width adjusting lid 250 so as not to get over the shielding plate 260. The slit width of the slit 223 is adjusted, and the height of the shielding plate 260 is adjusted. By providing such a slit width adjusting lid 250 and the shielding plate 260, the particles A and the particles B can be efficiently classified into the recovery slits 223 and 224, respectively.

(Other embodiments)
The jig sorting apparatus according to the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment. For example, the particle mixture may be transported by a belt conveyor using an inflow path as an inclined path that rises horizontally or downstream in the transport direction. . Further, the fluid to be ejected is not limited to water, and other liquids may be used. Further, a gas may be used as the fluid, and a gas jet may be added to the particle mixture transported in the gas, or a gas jet may be added to the particle mixture transported in the liquid.
When the fluid is a liquid, the flow path may be formed in a bowl shape if the fluid does not spill. In addition, when the flow path is a tube, it is not limited to a circular tube but can be an elliptical tube or a polygonal tube. By doing so, a smooth convection similar to that of a circular tube can be made into a fluid and particle mixture. Can do. In the first embodiment, the number of collection slits may be increased to five, seven,..., Whereby a particle mixture including a mixture of three, four,.
In the second embodiment, instead of the color sensor camera, the slit width adjusting lid 250 and the shielding plate 260 may be manually controlled while visually distinguishing the upper and lower layers by visual observation.

  As described above, according to the jig sorting apparatus and the jig sorting method according to the present invention, since the apparatus can be simplified without requiring a mechanism for pulsating the fluid, it can be used for mineral sorting and recycling. The present invention can be suitably employed in various industrial sites where it is necessary to select a mixture of particles having different densities, such as material selection for crushed materials, filter material and filter material.

1,201 Jig sorter 2 Flow pipe (flow path)
22 Spout P Particle mixture W Water (fluid)
A, B particles

Claims (6)

A jig sorter that stratifies and classifies particles with different densities by adding a jet of fluid intermittently multiple times to a mixture of particles with different densities and repeatedly raising and dropping the mixture. Because
A flow path for flowing the particle mixture;
A plurality of spouts provided at intervals in the flow direction of the flow path, and ejecting fluid toward the particle mixture to be flowed,
A jig sorting apparatus, wherein the particle mixture is flowed while the fluid is continuously ejected from the plurality of ejection ports.   The jig sorting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the flow path has an inclination that goes down to the downstream side in the flow direction.   The jig sorting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 and 2, wherein the flow path includes a pipe or a ridge and a liquid is used as the fluid. The flow path has a cross-sectional shape in which the lower part of the inner wall deepens from both sides in the width direction perpendicular to the flow direction toward the center,
The jig sorting device according to claim 3, wherein the plurality of jet nozzles are provided in the center in the width direction of the flow path.   The jig sorting device according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein an inclination angle of the flow path is changeable. A jig sorting method that stratifies and classifies particles with different densities by adding a fluid flow multiple times intermittently to a particle mixture of particles with different densities and repeatedly raising and dropping the particle mixture. Because
Provided with a plurality of jet outlets for jetting fluid at intervals in the flow direction of the particle mixture,
A jig selecting method, wherein a fluid is ejected toward the particle mixture conveyed by the plurality of ejection ports while the particle mixture is being fed.

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