JP2003011693A - Differential device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a differential gear allowing sure engagement and detachment of dog clutches without requiring a large actuator, with reduced in the number of part items and simplified structure. SOLUTION: This gear is provided with an outer case 31 rotated due to an input of driving force of an engine and a differential mechanism 57 for differentially distributing driving force of the engine at the inside, an inner case 41 coaxially and rotatably supported within the outer case 31, a clutch member 43 arranged adjacently to a shaft direction of the inner case 41, movable in the shaft direction and rotating integrally with the outer case 31, dog clutches 41a and 43a provided on facing surfaces of the inner case 41 and the clutch member 43 and engaged to be engageable/detachable by moving the clutch member 43 in the shaft direction, and an electromagnetic actuator 61 for moving the clutch member 43 in the shaft direction so that the dog clutches 41a and 43a may be engaged and detached.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a vehicle differential device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 5 shows a conventional differential device disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 9-286254.

This differential device 100 is arranged on the side where the drive is cut off when switching the two-wheel drive of a part-time four-wheel drive vehicle, and is applied to, for example, a front differential of a vehicle in which the front wheel side is disconnected during two-wheel drive. It

The differential device 100 includes an outer case (case-shaped torque transmitting member) 110 that is rotated by transmitting a driving force of an engine via a ring gear, and an inner case (internally rotatably supported inside the outer case 110). Rotating member) 120.

A pinion shaft 121 is integrated with the inner case 120 by a spring pin 123 in a direction orthogonal to the rotation axis. Pinion shaft 121
A pair of pinion gears 125 are rotatably arranged on the upper side, and mesh with output side gears 127, 129 spline-connected to the front axle of the vehicle. During two-wheel drive, the inner case 120, the pinion shaft 121, the pinion gear 125, and the side gears 127 and 129 are not connected to the outer case 110, but the clutch member 1
When 30 operates, it is connected to the outer case 110 and rotates together with the outer case 110.

The clutch member 130 is the outer case 110.
To the outer case 110 (see FIG. 6).
Rotates together with. Inner case 1 of the clutch member 130
A dog clutch 131 is formed on the end surface on the 20 side (left end surface), while a dog clutch 133 with which the dog clutch 131 meshes is formed on the opposite end surface (right end surface) of the inner case 120. There is. The teeth of these dog clutches 131 and 133 are all shown in FIG.
As shown in (3), the engagement is facilitated by forming a taper toward the other side.

When the clutch member 130 moves to the left in the axial direction, the dog clutches 131 and 133 mesh with each other, so that the inner case 12 is inserted through the clutch member 130.
0 and the outer case 110 are coupled to each other, and the inner case 12
0 rotates integrally with the outer case 110, and the driving force of the engine is transmitted to the front axle. This drives the vehicle to four-wheel drive.

In order to move the clutch member 130 in the axial direction as described above, the differential device 100 includes
An actuator 140 that is driven by fluid pressure such as air pressure or hydraulic pressure is arranged.

Actuator 140 driven by fluid pressure
Includes a main body 143 whose bracket 141 is fixed to the differential carrier, and a retainer 145 connecting the main body 143 and the clutch member 130. Body 143
A pressure chamber 143a is formed inside the pressure chamber 143, and the pressure chamber 143a is connected to an external pressure source via a flow path 149. In addition, the retainer 145 and the outer case 11
Between 0 and the clutch member 130, the dog clutch 1
A return spring 147 for urging the anti-meshing directions of 31, 31 and 133 is provided.

The arrow A in the upper half of FIG. 5 and FIG.
It shows the two-wheel drive with the dog clutches 131 and 133 disengaged. In this state, the pressure in the pressure chamber 143a is released, and the urging force of the return spring 147 moves the clutch member 130 to the right.

On the other hand, the arrow B in the lower half of FIG. 5 and FIG. 6B show four-wheel drive with the dog clutches 131 and 133 engaged. In this state, the pressure chamber 1
By supplying the pressurized fluid to 43a, the retainer 1
Since the clutch member 130 connected via 45 moves toward the inner case 120, the dog clutch 1
31 and 133 are combined.

[0012]

In such a differential device, since the dog clutches 131 and 133 are tapered so that they are easily engaged with each other, when torque is applied, the dog clutches 131 and 133 act in the opposite direction so that the dog clutches come out of the engagement. Since the return spring 147 urges the clutch member 130 in the direction in which the dog clutches 131, 133 are disengaged, the action force and the urging force in the disengagement direction of the meshing due to such torque are overcome and the dog clutches 131, 133 are defeated. In order to keep the meshed state,
Since it is necessary to set the actuator 140 that is driven by a large fluid pressure, there is a problem that the actuator 140 becomes large.

Further, since the actuator 140 uses fluid pressure such as air pressure or hydraulic pressure, it may be affected by atmospheric pressure, and the clutch is engaged so that the engaged state can be surely maintained during traveling in high altitudes. Power
There is also a problem that the actuator 140 becomes large in size because it is necessary to set the height higher in accordance with these highlands and the like.

Further, since the actuator 140 urges the clutch member 130 only in one direction in which the dog clutches 131 and 133 engage with each other, a return spring 147 for disengaging from the engagement is required. In addition to this, since a fluid is used to actuate the actuator 140, a sealing member is required to prevent the fluid from leaking, resulting in a large number of parts and a disadvantage in terms of assembly workability. There was also the problem of being lost.

Therefore, the present invention provides a differential device which can surely engage and disengage the dog clutch without requiring a particularly large actuator, and can reduce the number of parts and simplify the structure. The purpose is to do.

[0016]

According to another aspect of the present invention, a case-shaped torque transmitting member that is rotated by inputting a driving force of an engine and a differential mechanism are provided, and the case-shaped torque transmitting member is coaxial. An inner rotating member that is rotatably supported by the inner rotating member, a clutch member that is arranged adjacent to the inner rotating member in the axial direction, is movable in the axial direction, and rotates integrally with the case-shaped torque transmitting member; A meshing clutch that is provided on the opposing surfaces of the member and the clutch member and that engages and disengages by axial movement of the clutch member; and an electromagnetic actuator that moves the clutch member in the axial direction so that the meshing clutch engages and disengages. It is characterized by having.

According to the present invention, since the clutch member is moved in the axial direction by the electromagnetic actuator, the magnitude of the electric current supplied to the electromagnetic actuator is changed to arbitrarily adjust the magnitude of the moving force of the clutch member. Therefore, the force for preventing the engagement clutch from coming off can be output by adjusting the magnitude of the current to be applied, and the actuator can be downsized.

Moreover, since the use of the electromagnetic actuator does not change the atmospheric pressure, it is not necessary to consider the atmospheric pressure. Therefore, the actuator can be made smaller.

Further, unlike the conventional one using a fluid actuator, a seal member for preventing fluid leakage is not required, the number of parts can be reduced, the structure is simple, and the assembling workability is improved. it can.

According to a second aspect of the invention, there is provided the differential device according to the first aspect, wherein the electromagnetic actuator is a permanent magnet provided on the clutch member, and the case-shaped member faces the permanent magnet. It is characterized in that it comprises an electromagnet provided on the torque transmission member and capable of switching between forward and reverse directions.

According to the present invention, in addition to the effects and advantages similar to those of the first aspect of the invention, the permanent magnet on the clutch member side is attracted by switching the direction of the current flowing through the electromagnet between the forward and reverse directions. Or the repulsive force is generated in the clutch member so that the clutch member can be engaged or disengaged from the meshing clutch by controlling the energization of the electromagnet in two directions, forward and reverse. Can be moved. Therefore, engagement and disengagement of the dog clutch can be reliably controlled with a simple structure.

Further, since the electromagnet can change the magnitude of the electric current to arbitrarily adjust the magnitude of the attractive force and the repulsive force, the force for seeing the disengagement of the dog clutch is applied. It can be adjusted according to the magnitude of the current, and the electromagnetic actuator can be downsized.

Further, since the electromagnet generates a force in both forward and reverse directions by switching the direction of current flow, a return spring for engaging and disengaging the dog clutch becomes unnecessary.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided the differential device according to the first or second aspect, further comprising urging means for urging the clutch member in a direction in which the dog clutch is disengaged. It is characterized by that.

Therefore, according to the present invention, the same action and effect as those of the invention of claim 1 or 2 can be obtained, and in addition, since the clutch member is biased so as to disengage the dog clutch, The dog clutch can be reliably disengaged.

The invention according to claim 4 is the differential device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the internal rotating member is a differential case arranged inside the case-shaped torque transmitting member, The differential mechanism includes a pinion shaft fixed in a direction perpendicular to the differential case, a pinion gear rotatably supported on the pinion shaft, and a pair of side gears that mesh with the pinion gear. It is characterized by having a wall surface portion which receives a meshing reaction force applied in the thrust direction when the meshing clutch is engaged with the differential case.

Therefore, according to this invention, in addition to being able to obtain the same actions and effects as the inventions of claims 1 to 3,
The end surface of the differential case, which is an internal rotating member that houses the differential mechanism, on the side opposite to the clutch is axially supported by the wall surface of the case-shaped torque transmission member, and the force in the thrust direction due to the meshing reaction force of the meshing clutch is transmitted to the case-shaped torque. Since it can be supported by the wall surface of the member, it is not necessary to separately provide a structure for receiving the meshing reaction force, and the differential device can be made compact in the axial direction.

The invention according to claim 5 is the differential device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the internal rotating member is arranged inside the case-shaped torque transmitting member. The differential mechanism includes a pinion shaft fixed in a direction perpendicular to the differential case, a pinion gear rotatably supported on the pinion shaft, and a pair of side gears meshing with the pinion gear. It is characterized in that it is a differential rotation member that meshes with one side gear side of the moving mechanism.

Therefore, in this invention, in addition to being able to obtain the same actions and effects as the inventions of claims 1 to 3,
The differential can be regulated by connecting the case-shaped torque transmission member and the differential rotation member on the side gear side.

[0030]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS [First Embodiment] A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 shows a power transmission system of a part-time four-wheel drive vehicle based on a rear-wheel drive vehicle, and the differential device of this embodiment is applied to a front differential of this vehicle. FIG. 2 is an overall sectional view of the front differential of this embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 1, the driving force of the engine 1 is distributed to the rear wheel 7 side and the front wheel 9 side via the transmission 3 and the power switching device 5. The driving force to the front wheel 9 side is input to the front differential (the differential device of the present embodiment) 13 via the propeller shaft 11,
Furthermore, the front wheels 9, 9 are distributed to the left and right front axles 15, 15.
To drive. On the other hand, the driving force to the rear wheel 7 side is input to the rear differential 19 via the propeller shaft 17, and further distributed to the left and right rear axles 21 and 21 to drive the rear wheels 7 and 7.

As shown in FIG. 2, an outer case (case-shaped torque transmitting member) 31 of the front differential 13 is constructed by fixing a case body 31a and a cover 31b with bolts 33.

A ring gear 35 is fixed to the outer case 31, and the driving force of the engine 1 is input to and driven by the ring gear 35 via the drive pinion 37.

The outer case 31 has boss portions 31c at both ends,
The fixed side differential carrier 39 by 31d (see FIG. 1)
It is rotatably supported inside.

A substantially short cylindrical inner case (internal rotating member: differential case) 41 is coaxially and rotatably supported on the inner circumference of the case body 31a. The inner case 41 has a peripheral groove 44 of a predetermined width on the outer periphery thereof, and is supported by the case body 31 a on both sides of the peripheral groove 44. On the right side of the inner case 41, a clutch member 43 having a substantially short cylindrical shape is similarly arranged.

Between the inner case 41 and the clutch member 43, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, radial dog clutches (clutch clutches) 41a, 4 which can be engaged and disengaged are provided.
3a are formed respectively. Dog clutch 41
The meshing portions of a and 43a are each formed with a predetermined taper inclination to facilitate meshing.

A plurality of pinion shafts 45 are provided in the inner case 41 in the circumferential direction so as to be orthogonal to the rotation axis thereof.
The pinion shaft 45 is integrated with the inner case 41 by a spring pin 47.

A pinion gear 49 is rotatably arranged on the pinion shaft 45, and meshes with a pair of opposed side gears 51 and 53.

The inner peripheral surface 41b of the inner case 41 is formed in conformity with the outer peripheral shape of the pinion gear 49 so as to receive the thrust force of the pinion gear 49.

Further, washers 55, 55 are arranged between the side gears 51, 53 and the outer case 31, respectively.
It receives the thrust of the side gears 51 and 53. The side gears 51 and 53 are respectively the front axle 1 of FIG.
5, 15 are spline-connected. Thus, the inner case 41, the pinion gear 49 and the side gear 5
The differential mechanism 57 composed of 1, 53 is not directly connected to the outer case 31 that houses the differential mechanism 57.

The clutch member 43, as shown in FIG.
A plurality of fan-shaped leg portions 43b projecting in the circumferential direction are provided on the end surface (right end surface in the figure) on the side not having the dog clutch 43a.

Both end faces 4 in the circumferential direction of the projecting fan-shaped leg portion 43b.
3c is formed so as to taper outwardly in the axial direction (to the right in the figure) and to be inclined at a predetermined angle.

On the other hand, the case body 31 of the outer case 31
The fan-shaped hole 31e is provided in a, and the fan-shaped leg portion 43 of the clutch member 43 is provided.
It is provided at a position corresponding to each b. Thus, the leg portions 43b are axially fitted in the fan-shaped holes 31e, the circumferential end surfaces 43c of the leg portions 43b are in contact with the edges of the fan-shaped holes 31e, and the clutch member 43 always rotates integrally with the outer case 31. To do. The edge of the fan-shaped hole 31e is also inclined parallel to the inclination of the circumferential end surface 43c of the leg portion 43b, as shown in FIG.

Therefore, when the outer case 31 rotationally drives the clutch member 43, the clutch member 43 is pushed toward the inner case 41 side (left side in FIG. 2) by the inclination of the circumferential end surface 43c of the leg portion 43b, and the dog clutch. 41
It becomes easy for the a and 43a to engage with each other. In this way, the clutch member 43 is fitted in the outer case 31 so as to be movable in the axial direction.

A permanent magnet 63, which is one of the components of the electromagnetic actuator 61, is fixed to the tip end surface (right end surface in the drawing) of the leg portion 43b of the clutch member 43. Also,
The electromagnetic actuator 61 is provided on the right side facing the permanent magnet.
An electromagnet 65, which is the other constituent member of the above, is arranged.

The electromagnet 65 is arranged so as to surround the boss portion 31c of the outer case 31 via a bearing 67. The electromagnet 65 includes a coil 65a that is energized,
It is constituted by a core 65b surrounding the coil 65a.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the permanent magnet 63 is fixed to the clutch member 43 so that the S pole is located on the electromagnet 65 side and the N pole is located on the leg portion 43b side. Therefore, a current in the direction of arrow M is applied to the coil 65a of the electromagnet 65 to cause the clutch member 4 of the electromagnet 65 to move.
When the 3rd side is excited to the N pole, the permanent magnet 63 is attracted to the electromagnet 65, so that the clutch member 43 is attracted to the electromagnet 65 side. As a result, the dog clutch 43a is disengaged from the dog clutch 41a (see FIG. 3A).

On the other hand, when the direction of energization is switched to the opposite arrow N direction, the clutch member 43 side of the electromagnet 65 is excited to the S pole. As a result, a repulsive force is generated between the permanent magnet 63 and the electromagnet 65, so that the clutch member 43 is pushed toward the inner case 41 side. As a result, the dog clutch 43
a meshes with and engages with the dog clutch 41a.

Next, the operation of the front differential 13 will be described.

The upper half of FIG. 2 and FIG. 3A show a state where the dog clutches 41a and 43a are disengaged (during two-wheel drive), and the lower half of FIG. 2 and FIG. 3B show the dog clutch 41.
The state where a and 43a are engaged (four-wheel drive) is shown.

When a current in the direction of arrow N is applied to the coil 65a of the electromagnet 65, the electromagnet 65 and the permanent magnet 63 have the same pole (S pole) as described above.
3 moves to the left in the axial direction. Therefore, the clutch member 4
The third dog clutch 43a meshes with the dog clutch 41a of the inner case 41. Therefore, the clutch member 4
The outer case 31 and the inner case 41 inside the outer case 31 rotate integrally with each other (four-wheel drive state).

At this time, the dog clutches 41a and 43a
The meshing reaction force in the thrust direction applied to the inner case 41 at the time of engagement is received by the wall portion of the outer case 31.

On the other hand, an arrow M appears on the coil 65a of the electromagnet 65.
When a current is applied in the direction, the electromagnet 65 and the permanent magnet 63 have different polarities, so that the clutch member 43 is attracted toward the electromagnet 65 and the clutch member 43 moves to the right in the axial direction. Therefore, the dog clutches 41a, 4
3a is disengaged, and the outer case 31 and the inner case 41 inside thereof can rotate independently (two-wheel drive state).

In the case of this vehicle, when the four-wheel drive state is switched to the two-wheel drive, the driving force from the engine to the front wheels is shut off by the power switching device 5. Then, the driving force of the engine 1 drives only the rear wheels 7, 7 via the propeller shaft 17 and the rear differential 19.

After that, as long as the two-wheel drive state is maintained, the differential mechanism 57 in the front differential 13 is driven by the front wheels 9 while following the drive route opposite to that of the four-wheel drive state until then. In conjunction with the switching to two-wheel drive, the electromagnetic actuator 61 causes the dog clutch 41a,
Since 43a is separated, the clutch member 43, the outer case 31, the ring gear 35, and the like will not idle. Therefore, it is possible to reduce energy loss and noise generation due to the running resistance of these idling members.

According to the structure of the above embodiment, since the electromagnetic actuator 61 moves the clutch member 43 in the axial direction, the moving force of the clutch member 43 is changed by changing the magnitude of the electric current supplied to the electromagnetic actuator 61. Since the magnitude of the current can be arbitrarily adjusted, the force for preventing the dog clutches 43a and 41a from coming off can be adjusted by the magnitude of the current to be applied, and the actuator can be downsized. .

Further, since the electromagnetic actuator 61 is used, it is not affected by atmospheric pressure and the like, so that it is not necessary to consider the atmospheric pressure difference. Therefore, the actuator can be made smaller.

Further, unlike the conventional one using a fluid actuator, a seal member for preventing fluid leakage is not required, the number of parts can be reduced, the structure is simple, and the assembling workability can be improved. it can.

In particular, according to this embodiment, since the electromagnetic actuator 61 is composed of the permanent magnet 63 and the electromagnet 65, the direction of the current passing through the electromagnet 65 is switched between the forward and reverse directions, so that the clutch member 43 side Since the permanent magnet 63 of the electromagnet 6 is attracted to or separated from the permanent magnet 63, an attractive force and a repulsive force are generated in the clutch member 43.
The clutch member 43 can be moved in the direction in which the dog clutches 41a and 43a are engaged and disengaged by switching the energization to 5 in the forward and reverse directions. Therefore, with a simple structure, the dog clutches 41a, 4 can be securely connected.
It is possible to control engagement and disengagement of 3a.

Further, since the electromagnet 65 can arbitrarily adjust the magnitudes of the attractive force and the repulsive force by changing the magnitude of the electric current, the force for preventing the dog clutches 41a and 43a from coming off, The electromagnetic actuator 6 can be adjusted by adjusting the magnitude of the current to be applied.
1 can be miniaturized.

Further, since the electromagnet 65 generates a force in both forward and reverse directions by switching the direction of current flow, the movement of the clutch member 43 for engaging and disengaging the dog clutches 41a, 43a is performed only by the electromagnet 65. Since it can be performed in, the return spring is unnecessary. In addition to this, it is not necessary to consider fluid leakage as in the conventional case, and a sealing member for preventing fluid leakage is not required.
Therefore, the number of parts is reduced, the structure is simplified, and the assembling workability can be improved.

Further, since the end surface on the side opposite to the clutch of the inner case 41 accommodating the differential mechanism 57 is axially supported by the wall surface portion of the outer case 31, the dog clutch 41a,
Since the thrust direction force due to the meshing reaction force of 43a can be supported by the wall surface portion of the outer case 31, it is not necessary to separately provide a structure for receiving the meshing reaction force, and the front differential 13 can be made compact in the axial direction. You can

In this embodiment, an example in which the differential device of the present invention is applied to the front differential of a rear wheel drive base part type four-wheel drive vehicle is shown. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the front wheel drive base is not limited thereto. Needless to say, similar effects and advantages can be obtained in a differential device such as a rear differential of a part-time four-wheel drive vehicle that is arranged in a power system that is separated during two-wheel drive.

[Second Embodiment] FIG. 4 shows a second embodiment of the present invention. The same members as those in the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals, and a duplicate description will be omitted.

The differential device 73 of this embodiment
Shows a differential limited differential (lock-up differential device) with a lock mechanism.

The left and right pressure rings 77, 79 are arranged inside the outer case 31, and the pressure ring 7
The tip portion of the pinion shaft 45 is supported between 7 and 79, and cams 81 and 81 are formed in the opposing portions thereof in both rotation directions.

A pinion gear 49 is rotatably supported on the pinion shaft 45, and a left side gear 51 and a right side gear 53 mesh with each other to form a differential mechanism 57. Each side gear 51, 5
3 are spline-connected to the rear axles 21 and 21, respectively.

Accordingly, when the outer case 31 is rotated by the driving force from the engine 1, this rotation is transmitted to the pinion shaft 45 via the pressure rings 77 and 79, and further to the side gear 51, via the pinion gear 49.
It is distributed from 53 to the left and right rear wheels 7, 7. Further, if a drive resistance difference occurs between the rear wheels 7, 7, the pinion gear 49
Rotates to allow the differential between the side gears 51 and 53, and the driving force is differentially distributed to the left and right sides.

Each side gear 51, 53 and inner case 4
The multi-plate clutches 83 and 85 are arranged between the two. The multi-plate clutches 83 and 85 are composed of outer and inner friction plates that are alternately arranged and are spline-connected to the side gears 51 and 53.

When a differential occurs between the rear wheels 7, 7 when the vehicle is turning or one of the wheels is idling, the pinion gear 49
The torque is applied to the cam 81 by the rotational force of the
A thrust force (fastening force) in the left-right direction is generated by the force, and the multi-plate clutch 8 is pressed through the pressure rings 77 and 79.
3, 85 are pressed to limit the operation of the differential mechanism 57. This operation limiting force becomes stronger as the torque applied to the cam 81 increases (the differential rotation of the rear wheels 7, 7 increases).

In FIG. 4, a clutch ring (internal rotating member: a differential rotating member meshing with the side gear side) 87 is arranged on the right end face side of the left multi-plate clutch 85, and the right side gear 53 is located at the inner peripheral portion. And splined. A cam ring 89 is arranged at a position opposed to the clutch ring 87, and dog clutches 41a and 43a meshing with each other are formed on these opposed surfaces.

The inner portion in the radial direction of the cam ring 89 has a small length, and a spring space 72 is secured between the cam ring 89 and the clutch ring 87. A spring 75 is inserted in the spring space 72. The spring 75 is composed of a coil spring, a wave spring, or the like, and is supported by the boss portion 31c by the boss portion 31c of the case body 31a penetrating therethrough. The spring 75 urges the cam ring 89 in the direction away from the clutch ring 87, and therefore acts as a return spring for disengaging the dog clutches 41a and 43a.

In the second embodiment, the cam ring 8 causes the spring 75 to disengage the dog clutches 41a and 43a.
9 is urged, the dog clutches 41a, 43a are forced to move in the state where the spring force is applied to the force of the electromagnetic actuator 61.
Leaves. Therefore, the dog clutches 41a and 43a
Can be reliably removed.

Further, by connecting the outer case 31 and the clutch ring 87, the differential can be regulated and a lockup mechanism can be realized.

[0075]

According to the first aspect of the invention, since the magnitude of the moving force of the clutch member can be adjusted by changing the magnitude of the current supplied to the electromagnetic actuator, the magnitude of the supplied current can be adjusted. By doing so, the dog clutch can be prevented from coming off, and the actuator can be made compact.

Further, since the influence of atmospheric pressure is small, it is not necessary to consider the difference in atmospheric pressure, and further, the sealing member for preventing the leakage of fluid is not required, the number of parts can be reduced, and the structure is simple. Assembly workability is improved.

According to the invention of claim 2, in addition to obtaining the same effect as that of the invention of claim 1, by switching the direction of the current passing through the electromagnet between the forward and reverse directions, the clutch member Since the permanent magnets can be attracted and separated from each other, engagement and disengagement of the engaging clutch can be easily controlled.

Further, since the magnitude of the attractive force and the repulsive force can be arbitrarily adjusted by changing the magnitude of the electric current to the electromagnet, the disengagement prevention of the dog clutch can be prevented by the magnitude of the electric current, and the disengagement can be prevented. Preventive control can be easily performed. Further, since the clutch member for engaging and disengaging the dog clutch can be moved only by the electromagnet, a return spring or the like is unnecessary.

According to the invention of claim 3, in addition to obtaining the same effect as the invention of claim 1 or 2, the biasing means applies a clutch member so that the dog clutch disengages. Since it is urged, the dog clutch can be reliably disengaged.

According to the invention of claim 4, in addition to having the same effect as the invention of any one of claims 1 to 3, it is not necessary to separately provide a member for receiving the reaction force of the dog clutch. The structure is simple and can be made compact.

According to the invention of claim 5, in addition to having the same effect as that of the invention of any one of claims 1 to 3, the case-shaped torque transmitting member and the differential rotating member on the side gear side are provided. The differential can be regulated by connecting the.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a power transmission system of a vehicle to which a first embodiment is applied.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the differential device according to the first embodiment.

3 (a) and 3 (b) are cross-sectional views illustrating the operation of the electromagnet.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a differential device according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional differential device.

6 (a) and 6 (b) are cross-sectional views showing the operation of the dog clutch in the conventional differential device.

[Explanation of symbols]

13,73 Front differential (differential device) 31 Outer case (case-shaped torque transmission member) 35 ring gear 39 differential carrier 41 Inner case (Internal rotating member: Differential case) 41a, 43a dog clutch (meshing clutch) 43 Clutch member 45 pinion shaft 49 Pinion Gear 51,53 Side gear 57 differential gear groove 61 Electromagnet 63 permanent magnet 65 electromagnetic clutch 75 spring (biasing means) 87 Clutch ring (Internal rotating member: Differential rotating member)

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A case-shaped torque transmission member that is rotated by inputting a driving force of an engine, an internal rotation member that includes a differential mechanism, and is rotatably supported coaxially in the case-shaped torque transmission member, and an internal rotation. A clutch member, which is arranged adjacent to the axial direction of the member, is movable in the axial direction, and rotates integrally with the case-shaped torque transmitting member, and is provided on the facing surface of the internal rotating member and the clutch member. A differential device comprising: a dog clutch that engages and disengages by axial movement of the clutch; and an electromagnetic actuator that axially moves a clutch member so that the dog clutch engages and disengages. 2. The differential device according to claim 1, wherein the electromagnetic actuator is provided in the case-shaped torque transmission member so as to face the permanent magnet provided in the clutch member and the permanent magnet, and is energized. A differential device comprising an electromagnet that can be switched in forward and reverse directions. 3. The differential device according to claim 1, further comprising an urging means for urging a clutch member in a direction in which the dog clutch is disengaged. 4. The differential device according to claim 1, wherein the internal rotating member is a differential case arranged inside a case-shaped torque transmitting member, and the differential mechanism is a differential case. A pinion shaft fixed at a right angle to the pinion shaft, a pinion gear rotatably supported on the pinion shaft, and a pair of side gears that mesh with the pinion gear. A differential device having a wall surface portion that receives a meshing reaction force applied in a thrust direction upon engagement. 5. The differential device according to claim 1, wherein the differential mechanism is a pinion shaft fixed in a direction perpendicular to a differential case, and is rotatably supported on the pinion shaft. And a pair of side gears that mesh with the pinion gear, and the internal rotation member is a differential rotation member that meshes with one side gear side of the differential mechanism.