JP2002267235A - Thermal load estimating method and air-conditioning energy evaluating method - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [PROBLEMS] To provide a heat load estimating method and a highly accurate air conditioning energy evaluation method for estimating a heat load of an internal space of a building having a structural heat characteristic that is inadequate. SOLUTION: An air conditioner is operated under predetermined operating conditions,
Measures the energy usage of the air conditioner and predetermined environmental data inside and outside the internal space, and based on the energy usage and the environmental data, the load that gives each partial heat load of the structural part forming the internal space and the heat load source Preliminarily derive the unknown parameters of the calculation formula, preliminarily derive each load calculation formula based on the unknown parameters and the known parameters, and perform actual measurement and preliminary measurement on predetermined environmental data under predetermined operating conditions of air conditioning equipment. By comparing the results of the simulations using the load calculation formulas derived in (1) and (2), adjustment of the preliminarily derived unknown parameters is performed, and the preliminary derivation of each load calculation formula, the simulation and the adjustment of the unknown parameters are repeated as appropriate. By doing so, an unknown parameter is derived.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a heat load estimating method for estimating a heat load of an internal space of a building having a structural body having inadequate heat characteristics, and a method of evaluating air conditioning energy in the internal space.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Compared to a newly constructed building having a wealth of building information, a building such as an existing building cannot obtain detailed building information due to deterioration, remodeling, etc. Insufficient thermal properties. In the past, the evaluation of air-conditioning energy for the interior space of a building, such as an existing building, where the thermal characteristics of the structure were inadequate, was conducted using a relatively simple measurement method such as using both heat source load measurement and extrapolation. Had gone. Therefore, in a building such as an existing building, since the thermal characteristics of the structure are inadequate, the heat load of the internal space when evaluating the air conditioning energy of the internal space (room) of the building can be accurately obtained. However, it was difficult to accurately evaluate the air conditioning energy in consideration of the thermal characteristics of the structure of the building.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to estimate a heat load of an internal space of a building having a structure having poor thermal characteristics with high accuracy. In addition to providing a heat load estimating method, a high-precision air conditioning energy evaluation method is provided.

[0004]

A first characteristic configuration of the heat load estimating method according to the present invention for achieving this object is as described in claim 1 of the claims. A heat load estimating method for estimating a heat load of an internal space of a building having inadequate characteristics, the method for deriving a partial heat load of each of a plurality of structural parts and a plurality of heat load sources forming the internal space. In the unknown parameter derivation step of deriving an unknown parameter among the parameters included in each load calculation formula,
While operating the air conditioner acting on the internal space under predetermined operating conditions, the energy consumption of the air conditioner,
Measure predetermined environmental data inside and outside the internal space, preliminarily derive the unknown parameters, and based on the preliminarily derived unknown parameters and the known parameters among the parameters, the partial heat load of each of the partial heat loads. Preliminarily deriving a load calculation formula, predetermined environmental data in the internal space under predetermined operating conditions of the air conditioner, actual measurement and simulation using the preliminary load calculation formula. And the adjustment of the preliminarily derived unknown parameter is performed by comparing the two results, and the preliminary derivation of the load calculation formulas and the simulation and the adjustment of the unknown parameter are compared between the two results. Is derived as appropriate by repeating as appropriate until it converges within a predetermined error range, and obtained in the unknown parameter derivation step. A partial heat load deriving step of deriving each of the partial heat loads based on the unknown parameters and the known parameters of the parameters, and the internal heat treatment based on the partial heat loads obtained in the partial heat load deriving step. And a heat load estimating step of estimating the heat load of the space.

[0005] As described in claim 2 of the claims, the second feature configuration includes, in addition to the first feature configuration, in the unknown parameter deriving step, a plurality of different air conditioners having different air conditioning units. The point is that the environmental data is measured under operating conditions, and the unknown parameter for the partial heat load other than the heat storage load is preliminarily derived based on the plurality of obtained environmental data.

The third characteristic configuration is, in addition to the first or second characteristic configuration, as described in claim 3 of the claims, in the unknown parameter deriving step.
The air conditioner is operated intermittently and continuously to measure the energy usage and the environmental data, the difference between the energy usage during the intermittent operation and the continuous operation, and the environmental data during the intermittent operation. Is to preliminarily derive the unknown parameter for the heat storage load based on the transient characteristics of the above.

According to a fourth feature configuration, in addition to the first, second, or third feature configuration, the environment read out from a standard weather database is described in claim 4 of the claims. The heat load outside the measurement period of the environmental data in the unknown parameter deriving step is estimated by extrapolation based on a part of annual data.

[0008] A first characteristic configuration of the air conditioning energy evaluation method according to the present invention is, as described in claim 5 of the claims, the heat load of the internal space of the building to be evaluated is determined by the first method. The present invention is characterized in that the estimation is performed by a heat load estimation method having any one of the fourth to fourth characteristic configurations, and the energy consumption of air conditioning in the internal space is evaluated based on the estimated heat load.

The second characteristic configuration is that, as described in claim 6 of the claims, the heat load before and after the energy saving measures in the internal space of the building to be evaluated is reduced. The heat load estimating method having any one of the characteristic configurations described above, and the energy consumption of air conditioning before and after energy saving measures in the internal space is comparatively evaluated based on the estimated heat load.

The operation and effect of each of the above features will be described below. According to the first characteristic configuration of the heat load estimating method according to the present invention described above, the heat load of the internal space is individually given by a load calculation formula using a parameter reflecting a thermal characteristic or the like of the structure as a variable. Since the heat load is given by synthesis, the heat load can be estimated with high accuracy. In addition, unknown parameters of the parameters of the load calculation formula are preliminarily obtained by simple measurement such as measuring environmental data relating to air conditioning such as temperature, humidity, and solar radiation inside and outside the internal space under predetermined operating conditions of the air conditioner. By increasing the accuracy by comparing the simulation and the actual measurement, it is possible to easily and accurately derive the unknown parameter, and as a result, it is possible to estimate the heat load with high accuracy and simpleness.

As a result, since the heat load of the internal space is estimated with high accuracy, various air conditioning energy evaluations for such heat load can be executed with high accuracy.

[0012] According to the second characteristic configuration, a plurality of types of environmental data and known parameters obtained under a plurality of operating conditions and a known parameter for the unknown parameters for a plurality of existing partial heat loads other than the heat storage load. A plurality of simultaneous equations including a plurality of load calculation formulas are derived from the heat load value determined by the condition, and each unknown parameter is obtained by solving the simultaneous equations. Here, as the environmental data, the temperature and humidity inside and outside the internal space, the amount of solar radiation, and the like are used according to each partial heat load.
Moreover, the effect of the heat storage load can be eliminated by operating the air conditioner for a fixed period of time.

According to the third characteristic configuration, the unknown parameters in the load calculation formula of the heat storage load, which is a kind of the partial heat load, are as follows: 1) The rise of the room temperature rise characteristic at the start of the intermittent operation of the air conditioner (at the time of heating). The start temperature is higher as the heat storage load is higher. 2) The temperature rising and cooling rate is slower as the heat storage load is higher. 3) The energy consumption after the start of the intermittent operation is higher as the heat storage load is higher than in the continuous operation. To increase,
It can be derived based on the new knowledge on the heat storage load of the present inventor.

According to the fourth characteristic configuration, the heat load estimated based on the environmental data measured at a certain time of year is used to repeat the unknown parameter deriving step including the measurement of the environmental data again at another time. Without this, the heat load that can be used throughout the year can be easily obtained.

According to the first aspect of the air conditioning energy evaluation method according to the present invention, the heat load of the internal space of the building to be evaluated is the heat load of any of the first to fourth aspects. Since the load can be estimated easily and accurately with the load estimation method,
It is possible to easily and accurately evaluate the air-conditioning energy consumption and the maximum cooling / heating load of the internal space. As a result,
For example, it is possible to easily and accurately calculate the cost required for air conditioning of the internal space, and to obtain accurate data necessary for an optimal design in the development of an air conditioner for cooling and heating the internal space.

According to the second characteristic configuration, the heat load of the internal space of the building to be evaluated can be accurately and easily estimated by the heat load estimation method according to any one of the first to fourth characteristic configurations. Therefore, it is possible to accurately determine the air-conditioning energy consumption and the maximum cooling / heating load before and after the energy saving measures in the internal space, and to accurately grasp the effect of the energy saving measures. As a result, it is possible to evaluate a number of energy conservation measures before actually implementing them,
It is possible to easily select an energy-saving measure suitable for the internal space, and furthermore, it is possible to make a proposal together with the expected effect.

[0017]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of a heat load estimating method according to the present invention (hereinafter simply referred to as "the present estimating method") will be described with reference to the drawings.

First, as shown in Table 1, the internal space of a building such as an existing building having insufficient thermal characteristics (meaning a room such as a room that can be air-conditioned. Hereinafter, a room or a room as appropriate) Is divided into a plurality of partial heat loads, and a load calculation formula (Equation 1 to give each partial heat load)
Equation 16: The correspondence between each equation and the partial heat load is shown in Table 1).

[0019]

[Table 1]

Note 1: Ignored when solar radiation is small. Work on the safe side. Note 2: Ignored. Work on the safe side. Note 3: Ignored.

[0021]

Equation 1 q _GK = (t _O −t _R ) · K _G · A _G

## EQU2 ## q _GK = k ₁ · k ₂ · Δt · K _G · A _G

## EQU3 ## q _GI = I _G · SC · A _G '

[Equation 4] q _W = ETD · K _W · A _W

## EQU5 ## q _W = k ₁ · k ₂ · Δt · K _W · A _W

[ _Equation 6] q _IW = Δt · K _IW · A _IW

## EQU7 ## q _C = (t _C −t _R ) · K _C · A _C

[Equation 8] _{q F = (t F -t R} ) · K F · A F

## EQU9 ## q _RA = 0.28Q _RA · (t _C −t _R )

## EQU10 ## q _IS = 0.28 Q _I · (t _O −t _R )

Equation 11] _{q IL = 0.715Q I · (x} O -x R)

[ _Equation 12] q _HUS = SH · N

[ _Equation 13] q _HUL = LH · N

[Equation 14] q _EL = ε · W _L

[Number 15] q _E = 860φ _U · W _E

Q _ST = Q _N · SR · SGFt where Q _N = Σ (S · f ₁ · f ₂ · f ₃ ): integrated value of inflow heat during non-air conditioning SR = A · C _T / (A ₀ + A · C _T ): heat storage ratio C _T = (1-e ^aT ) (1-e ^{-a (24-T)} ) / a (24−
^{T) (1-e -24a)} A = P1 2 / P2 A 0 = Σ (S / Rt) a = P1 / P2 P1 = Σ (S · C · γ) P2 = Σ (S · C 2 · Rt · γ) SGFt = a · e ^−aT / (1-e ^−aT ): heat storage coefficient

Each partial heat load is represented as a heat load at a plurality of structural parts and a plurality of heat load sources forming the internal space. Here, the structural body part is a window glass, an outer wall, an inner wall, a ceiling, a floor, and the like, and a heat load source is the influence of ventilation, draft, the number of occupants in the internal space, lighting, heat generation equipment, and the like. means. Next, as shown in Table 2, the parameters used in each equation are classified into three: a first known parameter, a second known parameter, and an unknown parameter. Here, the first known parameter is a parameter that can be easily obtained through a design drawing of a building, a field survey, and an interview survey.
The second known parameters are temperature and humidity inside and outside the internal space,
In addition, it is a parameter that can be easily obtained only by simple measurement of the amount of solar radiation. Unknown parameters are unknown parameters that cannot be easily derived by on-site surveys, interview surveys, simple measurements of temperature, humidity, and the like.

[0023]

[Table 2]

The parameters in Table 2 are as follows:
It is. <First Known Parameter> A_G: Glass area including sash, A_G‘: Net surface of glass
Product, A_W: Area of outer wall or roof, A_IW: Area of inner wall,
A_C: Ceiling area, A_F: Floor area, SH: Human sensible heat
Amount, N: Number of occupants, LH: Latent heat generation of human, ε: 1W equivalent
Calorific value, W _L: Electricity of lighting, φ_U:Use rate,
W_E: Calorific value of equipment, S: Area of each part, T: During operation
while. <Second known parameter> t_O: Outside air temperature, t_R: Room temperature, Δt: inside / outside temperature difference (large
(Including cooling effect by air radiation), I_G： Glass window standard solar radiation
Acquisition heat, SC: shielding coefficient, ETD: execution temperature difference (time delay
And t)_C: Temperature in ceiling, t_F: Underfloor temperature
Degree, x_O: Absolute outdoor humidity, x_R: Absolute humidity in the room,
f_Three: Time factor such as ETD. <Unknown parameter> K_G: Heat transmission coefficient of glass, k₁: Orientation coefficient, k_Two:Ceiling height
Premium factor, K_W： Thermal transmissibility of outer wall and roof,
K_IW: Coefficient of heat transmission of inner wall, K_C: Thermal transmission coefficient of ceiling, K _F:floor
Heat transfer coefficient, Q_RA： Ventilation air volume, Q_I： Draft volume, f₁: Department
Position characteristics (heat transmission coefficient of each part etc.), f_Two： Direction of each part
Number, C: heat capacity of structure, γ: heat storage response coefficient, Rt: heat
Once through resistance.

However, the type and number of the partial heat loads can be appropriately changed according to the internal space to be evaluated. Further, the load calculation formulas representing the respective partial heat loads are not limited to the load calculation formulas exemplified in Expressions 1 to 16. For example, a simple load calculation formula may be used for a partial heat load of low importance.

Next, a method of obtaining the known parameters will be briefly described. The area of each part in the first known parameter is obtained from a design drawing (building plan view, building sectional view, etc.) of the building or a field survey. The first known parameters relating to the internal heat generation (personnel, lighting, equipment) of the internal space are obtained by a field survey and a field interview. The second known parameter is obtained at the same time in a data measurement step of measuring predetermined environmental data such as the temperature and humidity inside and outside the internal space and the amount of solar radiation performed in an unknown parameter derivation step described later.

Next, as described above, the heat load of the internal space is
It is expressed as a combination of partial heat loads given by the load calculation formulas shown in Expressions 1 to 16, and the first and second known parameters in each load calculation formula are in a known state by the above-described acquisition method. Based on this assumption, a specific configuration of the present estimation method will be described.

As shown in FIG. 1, the present estimation method includes an unknown parameter deriving step for deriving an unknown parameter, and each part based on the unknown parameter obtained in the unknown parameter deriving step and the first and second known parameters. It comprises a partial heat load deriving step of deriving a heat load by a load calculation formula, and a heat load estimating step of estimating a heat load of the internal space based on each partial heat load obtained in the partial heat load deriving step. Since the partial heat load deriving step and the heat load estimating step do not require any detailed description, the unknown parameter deriving step will be described below.

In the unknown parameter deriving step, as shown in FIG. 2, the air conditioner acting on the internal space is operated under a predetermined operating condition, and the energy consumption of the air conditioner and the environmental data as inside and outside the internal space are obtained. A data measurement step of measuring temperature, humidity and solar radiation, a parameter preliminary derivation step of preliminary deriving unknown parameters based on the measured energy consumption and each environmental data, and a preliminary derivation of unknown parameters and Preliminarily derive a load calculation formula for each partial heat load based on the first and second known parameters, and obtain predetermined environmental data (for example, changes in room temperature, etc.) in the internal space under predetermined operating conditions of the air conditioner. To
An unknown parameter adjustment step of adjusting an unknown parameter which is obtained by both actual measurement and a simulation using each of the load calculation expressions derived in advance and which is preliminarily derived by comparing the results. You.

In the data measurement step, first, the outside air conditions include outdoor temperature, outdoor humidity (absolute humidity), and the amount of solar radiation, and the indoor conditions include indoor temperature, indoor humidity (absolute humidity),
A thermometer, a hygrometer, and an insolation meter that measure indoor solar radiation respectively will be installed at appropriate locations inside and outside the room, and a data logger will be installed to automatically summarize the measured data. Next, for example, in the winter, using a gas heater to heat the room as an air conditioner,
The system heats the room under various operating conditions and measures and sums up the environmental data inside and outside the room. Further, the gas usage of the gas heater during the measurement period is also measured at the same time, and the total is recorded on a data logger. Such in-situ measurements are performed for about 1-2 weeks. When the data is measured in the summer, an air conditioner or the like that cools the room is used as an air conditioner, and the electricity consumption is measured instead of the gas consumption.

The measurement of the gas usage gives the calorific value of the gas heater. In a steady operation state under a certain operation condition, an unknown parameter and each load calculation formula using each partial heat load as a variable are combined from a steady value of the measurement environment data to give one equation. Here, the entire heat load is given as a calorific value of the gas heater in a steady state. Further, since the heat storage load can be ignored in the steady state, each load calculation formula is not considered in the synthesis, and the unknown parameter relating to the heat storage load is separately derived by a method described later. Table 1
As noted in Note 2 above, in winter, the effects of occupants, lighting, and heat-generating equipment can be ignored because they affect the safe side.

As described above, for the unknown parameter of the partial heat load excluding the heat storage load, a plurality of independent equations can be obtained under a plurality of different operating conditions. By generating and solving the simultaneous equations, the unknown parameters and the partial heat load are preliminarily derived.

The unknown parameters in the load calculation formula for the heat storage load are as follows: 1) As shown in FIG. 3, the rise start temperature of the room temperature rise characteristic at the start of the intermittent operation of the gas heater (in FIG. 3, the difference between the room temperature and the outside air temperature). 2) As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, the room temperature after the start and end of the intermittent operation of the gas heater (the room temperature and the outside air temperature in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4). The rate of temperature rise and fall is slower as the heat storage load increases.
For example, in FIG. 4, after a rapid primary temperature drop (indicated by A in FIG. 4), a remarkable difference in the temperature drop rate appears depending on the heat storage load. 3) As shown in FIG. The energy consumption after the start of the intermittent operation increases as the storage heat load increases as compared with the continuous operation, and can be derived based on the inventor's new knowledge on the heat storage load. As shown in Note 3 in Table 1, the effect of heat storage load is ignored in summer.

Specifically, in the parameter preliminary derivation step, under the specific operating conditions, the starting temperature of the above 1), the temperature raising and lowering rates of the above 2) (after the first temperature lowering period in FIG. 4) Slope B or C), estimating the heat storage load, respectively, from the difference in the amount of energy used (heat generation) between the intermittent operation and the continuous operation in 3) above, and generating load calculation formulas under a plurality of different operation conditions These are simultaneously solved to find the unknown parameter in the heat storage load calculation formula. Therefore, in the data measurement step, the measurement of environmental data by the intermittent operation and the continuous operation is also performed.

In the unknown parameter adjustment step, if the unknown parameter preliminarily derived from the comparison between the first actual measurement and the simulation result does not satisfy sufficient accuracy, the unknown parameter is adjusted by an empirical rule and adjusted. Preliminary derivation of the load calculation formula using the determined unknown parameters, and simulation again using the load calculation formula preliminarily derived again, and judge the suitability of the adjustment of the unknown parameters by comparing with the actual measurement results obtained initially. . If the first adjustment of the unknown parameter is insufficient, that is, if the comparison result (for example, the difference between the simulation result and the actual measurement result) does not converge within a predetermined error range, the unknown parameter is adjusted again. The preliminary calculation of the load calculation formula using the re-adjusted unknown parameters and the simulation are repeated using the load calculation formula preliminarily derived again, and the comparison result with the actual measurement result obtained at the beginning shows a predetermined coincidence ( Until the accuracy of the unknown parameter is reached, the preliminary derivation of the load calculation formula, the simulation and the adjustment of the unknown parameter are repeated. As a result, unknown parameters can be derived with high accuracy.

When the first and second known parameters are obtained as described above and the unknown parameters are derived in the unknown parameter derivation step, in the partial heat load derivation step, each partial heat load is calculated based on the parameters. In the heat load estimating step, the heat load in the internal space is estimated based on the respective partial heat loads. Here, each step after the data measurement step of the unknown parameter derivation step, and the partial heat load derivation step and the heat load estimation step are configured to automatically execute the processing of each step using a computer. However, it may be configured such that human judgment or operation is interposed partly.

Further, after deriving the unknown parameters in the unknown parameter deriving step, it is preferable to perform a process of correcting the following energy use results. This correction process corrects the energy consumption estimated by performing the above steps when there is an error factor that cannot be adjusted in the unknown parameter derivation step. Such error factors include the error of the unknown parameter itself remaining in the unknown parameter derivation process, the effect of the parameter ignored in each of the above processes (for example, the effect of the parameter of the partial heat load ignored in notes 1 to 3 in Table 1). In addition, the performance of the air conditioner may be reduced.

Specifically, when the unknown parameter is derived in the unknown parameter deriving step, a predetermined period (1) under various operating conditions of the air conditioning equipment (room temperature set temperature, continuous air conditioning, etc.).
The air-conditioning load and the energy used in units of days or hours can be calculated by executing the partial heat load derivation process and the heat load estimation process. In addition, it is also possible to measure the energy use performance of the air conditioner under the same operating conditions. By comparing the estimated energy usage and the measured energy usage, a correction coefficient satisfying the relational expression shown in Expression 17 can be derived. As a result, it is possible to correct the estimated energy usage by multiplying the estimated energy usage obtained by executing the heat load estimation step by this correction coefficient.

[0039]

## EQU17 ## (Measured energy usage) = (Estimated energy usage) × (Correction coefficient)

Further, with respect to the heat load estimated through each of the above steps or the energy consumption further corrected by the above-mentioned correction processing, annual data of environmental data such as outdoor temperature, outdoor humidity, outdoor solar radiation and the like from a standard weather database are obtained. And get
Based on the annual data, the heat load outside the period in which the environmental data was measured in the data measurement process is estimated by extrapolation.

More specifically, data of an evaluation target area of a standard weather database (for example, AMeDAS weather data, etc.) maintained for each major city is obtained, and the number of days required for air conditioning and heating is calculated using the standard weather database. Figure out.
Note that the number of days required for cooling and heating varies with the air-conditioning set temperature. Subsequently, the air-conditioning load is calculated using the outside temperature, humidity, and solar radiation of the standard weather database. Here, since the parameters such as the thermal characteristics of the internal space to be evaluated are clear by the estimation method, the calculation can be performed.

Further, if necessary, the heat load estimated in the heat load estimation step based on the past energy use result data (for example, the result of the previous year) related to the air conditioning of the internal space, or The heat load estimated by the insertion is corrected. When the air-conditioning energy consumption derived based on the heat load estimated by the present estimation method causes a certain error in comparison with the past energy use results, it is possible to perform correction to remove these errors, It is possible to estimate the heat load with higher accuracy. For example, while an adiabatic measure was taken for the internal space, the estimated value of energy consumption in a specific period obtained from the heat load estimated value after the measure increased from the past energy use result in the period. And so on. Specifically, for example, comparing the annual energy use of the previous year with the calculated annual energy use, the estimated heat load is calculated as × 1.2, ×
Correction such as 0.8 is performed. If there is a large discrepancy in the comparison result, the unknown parameter is readjusted.

The extrapolation process based on the standard weather database and the correction process based on the energy use result data may be partially executed even if the process of each process is automatically executed using a computer. It may be configured by intervening artificial judgment or operation.

Next, another embodiment of the unknown parameter deriving step will be described. In the above-described embodiment, in the parameter preliminary derivation step, the unknown parameter is preliminarily derived based on the energy consumption measured in the data measurement step and each environmental data. Instead, for example, parameters estimated from the standard material of the structural part as exemplified in Table 3 may be given as initial values of each unknown parameter, and the unknown parameter may be derived by executing the unknown parameter adjustment step. I do not care.

[0045]

[Table 3]

Next, a case will be described in which the present estimation method is applied to the evaluation of air-conditioning energy for the internal space of a building having insufficient structural thermal characteristics.

As a first application form, the heat load of the internal space of the building to be evaluated is estimated by the present estimation method, and based on the estimated heat load, the energy consumption of air conditioning of the internal space, the maximum cooling and heating, Evaluate the load, etc. Since the heat load of the internal space can be accurately and easily estimated by the present estimation method, the air-conditioning energy consumption and the like of the internal space can be accurately and simply evaluated. For example, when installing a new air conditioner, it is possible to evaluate the necessary air conditioning capacity, etc. and estimate the cost required for air conditioning of the internal space with high accuracy and ease, and is ideal for the development of an air conditioner that cools and heats the internal space. Accurate data required for the design can be obtained, and it can be used for optimal design such as when the air conditioner is specially designed for the internal space.

As a second application form, the thermal load in the internal space of the building to be evaluated before and after energy saving measures is estimated by the present estimation method, and based on the estimated thermal load, the energy saving of the internal space is estimated. The air-conditioning energy consumption before and after the countermeasure, the maximum cooling and heating load, the cooling and heating load at each time of many rooms, the heat loss coefficient, and the like are comparatively evaluated. Here, when the energy saving measure is actually implemented, the improvement effect with respect to the actual energy saving measure can be evaluated. Further, the energy saving measures may be virtual ones other than those actually implemented. In the case of a hypothetical measure, it is possible to accurately and easily predict in advance a measure that has the highest improvement effect from among a plurality of types of measure plans or a measure that can achieve a certain improvement effect most economically in advance. It becomes possible. Examples of energy saving measures include high insulation of specific structural parts, watering of roofs, introduction of heat exchange type ventilation, set temperature of air conditioners, air volume,
Optimization of operation patterns and control methods, use of heat storage materials, introduction of outdoor air cooling, total heat exchangers, heat recovery type heat pumps, and the like can be considered.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a process chart showing one embodiment of a heat load estimation method according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a process chart for explaining each procedure of an unknown parameter deriving process of the heat load estimating method according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a characteristic diagram showing a relationship between room temperature transient characteristics during heating and a heat storage load.

FIG. 4 is a characteristic diagram showing a relationship between a room temperature transient characteristic during heating and a heat storage load.

FIG. 5 is a characteristic diagram showing a change in room temperature and a change in gas consumption during an intermittent heating operation and a continuous heating operation.

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Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A heat load estimating method for estimating a heat load of an internal space of a building having a structural heat property that is inadequate, wherein each of a plurality of structural parts and a plurality of heat load sources forming the internal space is provided. In an unknown parameter deriving step of deriving an unknown parameter among parameters included in each load calculation formula for deriving a partial heat load, an air conditioner acting on the internal space is operated under predetermined operating conditions, and the air conditioning is performed. Measure the energy usage of the device and predetermined environmental data inside and outside the internal space, preliminarily derive the unknown parameter, and based on the preliminarily derived unknown parameter and a known parameter among the parameters. In advance, load formulas for the respective partial heat loads are preliminarily derived, and predetermined environmental data in the internal space under predetermined operating conditions of the air-conditioning equipment is actually calculated. It is determined by both the simulation using each of the load calculation formulas and the preliminary calculation, and the preliminary parameter is adjusted by comparing the results of the two. The unknown parameter is derived by appropriately repeating preliminary derivation, the simulation and the adjustment of the unknown parameter until the comparison of the two results converges within a predetermined error range, and the unknown parameter obtained in the unknown parameter deriving step is obtained. A partial heat load deriving step of deriving each of the partial heat loads based on a parameter and a known parameter among the parameters, and a heat of the internal space based on the partial heat loads obtained in the partial heat load deriving step. A heat load estimating step of estimating a load. 2. In the unknown parameter deriving step,
The environmental data is measured under a plurality of different operating conditions of the air conditioner, and the unknown parameters for the partial heat load other than the heat storage load are preliminarily derived based on the obtained plurality of the environmental data. The heat load estimating method according to claim 1, wherein: 3. In the unknown parameter deriving step,
The air conditioner is operated intermittently and continuously to measure the energy usage and the environmental data, the difference between the energy usage during the intermittent operation and the continuous operation, and the environmental data during the intermittent operation. The heat load estimating method according to claim 1, wherein the unknown parameter for the heat storage load is preliminarily derived based on the transient characteristics of the heat load. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the heat load outside the measurement period of the environmental data in the unknown parameter deriving step is estimated by extrapolation, based on some annual data of the environmental data read from a standard weather database. 4. The heat load estimating method according to claim 1, 2 or 3. 5. A heat load in an internal space of a building to be evaluated is estimated by the heat load estimating method according to claim 1, and based on the estimated heat load, the internal load is estimated. An air conditioning energy evaluation method characterized by evaluating an air conditioning energy consumption amount in a space. 6. A heat load estimation method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein heat loads before and after energy saving measures in an internal space of a building to be evaluated are estimated. A method for evaluating air conditioning energy, comprising: comparing and evaluating energy consumption of air conditioning before and after energy saving measures in said internal space based on said evaluation.