HK1230686B - Thermal insulation panel - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to the technical field of thermal insulation, in particular thermal insulation of buildings.

The present invention relates to a thermal insulation composite system (WDVS) which has a thermal insulation plate and an insulation cleaning system.

While thermal insulation of buildings was considered secondary to new construction and property acquisition until the 1980s, it is becoming increasingly important due to rising energy prices, increased environmental awareness and, not least, legislative measures such as the Energy Saving Ordinance (EnEV).

The insulation of new and old buildings is mainly carried out by means of so-called external insulation, i.e. the exterior of the buildings is equipped with insulating materials.

The thermal insulation is usually done by means of thermal insulation composite panels (WDVS) which are composed of a plate-shaped insulation material, an external reinforcement layer consisting of a reinforcement mortar, reinforcement fabric and a top finish. The insulation panels are usually made of plastics, in particular polystyrene hard moulds (PS), such as polystyrene particle foam (EPS) or polystyrene extruder foam (XPS), or polyurethane resin foams (PUR). The composite panels based on the so-called reinforcement plates are ideal under theoretical conditions of use, but they often have thermal conductivity that cannot be achieved by the use of the thermal insulation system (ISO 6946), which in practice does not allow the formation of heat and humidity, and therefore the heat transfer efficiency of the moulds is not achieved.

In addition, such thermal insulation composite systems (WDVS) have thicknesses of 15 to 20 cm to achieve sufficient thermal insulation, which often leads to a visual deterioration of the insulated façade and a reduced light input into the building through the windows. To reduce the thickness of the thermal insulation composite systems (WDVS), thermal insulation plates, so-called vacuum insulation panels (VIP), are increasingly being used in recent times, which allow effective thermal insulation with thermal insulation composite systems of about 10 cm. But even these thermal insulation composite systems are crucial because they do not diffuse, i.e. no moisture can be emitted from the vacuum wall to the surrounding area.

The alternative diffusion-free insulators, such as those based on mineral wool or natural organic fibres such as wood, cork, hemp and reeds, often lack the necessary mechanical stability and structural integrity, are designed to be flexible rather than form-stable and have a significantly lower insulating effect than plastic sheets or vacuum insulators.

All composite thermal insulation systems based on or containing organic polymers have in common that they are flammable and generally require special chemicals to reduce flammability, which often results in increased environmental and health hazards.

In addition, insulation finishes containing a binder and thermal insulation additives are also used.Such finishes are usually diffusion-free, i.e. moisture from the masonry can be released into the environment, but the insulation effect and mechanical strength of such finishes are significantly reduced compared to composite systems with thermal insulation, which limits the use of thermal insulation finishes to a few applications.

The current state of the art has not failed to improve existing insulation systems for building insulation:

For example, DE 10 2012 101 931 A1 concerns a façade insulation system with a wooden support structure, an insulation layer made of mineral wool sheets and a plaster layer, on which a supporting fabric is placed to give the insulation an increased mechanical strength.

Furthermore, DE 10 2010 029 513 A1 concerns a mixture of thermal insulation powder which is processed into thermal insulation moulds and which consists of a mixture of silica and at least one fibre material.

DE 10 2011 109 661 A1 concerns an insulation plate and a special arrangement of several insulation plates on a building wall, connected by a capillary adhesive for humidity control.

While the above systems can at least partially improve certain aspects of conventional thermal insulation systems, they do not eliminate the fundamental disadvantages of conventional thermal insulation systems.

In addition, it is attempted to improve the efficiency of thermal insulation systems by using special materials. In particular, attempts are made to incorporate aerogels into insulating materials or systems to increase their insulation effect. Aerogels are highly porous solids composed of pores, more than 90% by volume. Due to their extremely high porosity, aerogels are at least theoretically excellent for thermal insulation and have thermal conductivity values λ in the range of 0.012 to 0.020 W/mK. The aerogels normally used for insulation purposes are composed of silicon dioxide.

However, due to the good thermal insulation properties of silicate-based aerogels in particular, numerous attempts have been made to incorporate aerogels into insulation materials, including the incorporation of aerogel into stone wool insulation plates, a product of this type being commercially available under the trade name Aerowolle®.

In addition, attempts have been made to incorporate aerogels into insulation finishes, but the machinability, in particular the operation of the insulation finish by means of cleaning machines, has proved difficult, since the fragile aerogel particles are usually destroyed by pressure when applied to the building wall.

DE 10 2011 119 029 A1 concerns an insulator for the manufacture of a dam element, where the insulator contains aerogel particles and at least one inorganic or organic binder, the proportion of binder shall be less than 3% by volume of the total volume of the insulator and the insulator shall continue to contain expanded or extruded styrene polymerase particles.

EP 2 522 785 A2 concerns a process and system for insulating the interior of a building's exterior wall. The process described includes at least one capillary active diffusion open thermal insulation plate to form a layer of thermal insulation by means of an adhesive on the inside of the building's exterior wall, the adhesive being used at the same time to form a moisture-regulating intermediate layer capable of absorbing, temporarily storing and releasing moisture, in particular abnormal dew. The internal insulation system includes at least one capillary active diffusion open thermal insulation plate and an adhesive to fix the thermal insulation plate to the interior of the building, while at the same time using a diffuser to form a moisture-repellent system in a remote insulation.

FR 2 936 583 A1 also covers a plate for thermal insulation and/or sound insulation or soundproofing. The plate for thermal and/or sound insulation consists of at least one rigid wood or plaster board and a thermal insulation multilayer structure applied to it which is permeable to water vapour. The multilayer structure has two reflective surfaces which are permeable to water vapour. Between the reflective surfaces there is an open thermal insulation structure.

DE 10 2011 113 287 A1 concerns a thermal insulation module with a first and second calcium silicate layer and a thermal insulation that can be placed between the first and second calcium silicate layer. In this context, it is provided that the thermal insulation can be placed in a reception space between the calcium silicate layers, which is limited by a frame connecting the first calcium silicate layer to the second calcium silicate layer and which is also made of calcium silicate.

US 2003/0077438 A1 also covers a composite material containing 5 to 97% by volume of aerogel particles, at least one binder and at least one fibre material, with an aerogel particle diameter ≥ 0,5 mm.

DE 20 2011 050 487 U1 concerns an insulation element with two spaced surface substrates, having a support structure placed between them, transmitting forces distributed over the surface, with at least one cavity, the cavity being filled or formed to be filled with a gas filling optimized for thermal insulation and essentially gas-tight.

Furthermore, WO 2006/076492 A1 concerns open melamine resin foams filled with nanoporous particles, in particular aerogels or aerosols, their manufacture and use.

Finally, European patent application EP 2 402 150 A1 concerns an insulation component consisting of at least one sheet of fibre, aerosol particles and at least one binder. To obtain an insulation component that is easy to handle and produce and has excellent insulation properties, the sheet contains 20 to 40% by weight of mineral wool fibres, 45 to 70% by weight of aerosol particles and 8 to 12% by weight of binder. The components are compressed and hardened to obtain a sheet with a density of 130 kg/m3 to 200 kg/m3.

However, even with the above systems, the main disadvantages of the use of aerogels, namely the lower mechanical strength and consequent reduced durability and the significantly reduced insulating effect of the insulating substances in practice, have not been significantly improved.

The present invention is therefore based on the task of providing thermal insulation systems, the purpose of which is to avoid or at least mitigate to a large extent the problems and disadvantages arising from the state of the art described above.

In addition, a further task of the present invention is to provide thermal insulation composite systems which are diffusion-proof, have a significantly reduced thickness compared to previous systems and at the same time have improved thermal insulation properties.

The above problem is solved by a thermal insulation composite system, comprising a thermal insulation plate and an insulation cleaning system, as described in claim 1; further advantages and modifications of the invention are the subject of the related subclaims.

It is self-evident that the following indication of values, numbers and ranges is not to be understood as restrictive of the values, numbers and ranges indicated in this respect; it is rather self-evident to the practitioner that individual or application-related deviations from the indicated ranges or indications may be made without leaving the scope of the present invention.

In addition, all the values, parameters or similar data listed below can be determined in principle by means of standardised or standardised or explicitly specified determination methods or by means of the usual methods of determination used by the professional in the field.

The present invention is described in more detail below.

The present invention is thus based on a first aspect of the present invention, which is a thermal insulation composite system comprising a thermal insulation plate and an insulation cleaning system, whereby the thermal insulation plate is first placed on a surface to be insulated and then the insulation cleaning system, whereby the thermal insulation composite system has a thickness of 4 to 12 cm, whereby the thermal insulation composite system has a thermal conductivity in the range of 0,017 to 0,040 W/mK,

where the thermal insulation plate contains at least one aerogel and is open to diffusion along its main insulation direction, where the aerogel is arranged in a loose deposit in the thermal insulation plate and where the thermal insulation plate has a thickness of 1 to 8 cm,

where the insulation cleaning system has a thickness of 1 to 5 cm, where the insulation cleaning system has one layer of insulation containing one aerogel and at least one other layer of insulation containing no aerogel, where the layer of insulation containing one aerogel has a thickness of 1,5 to 3 cm and the other layer of insulation containing no aerogel has a thickness of 0,2 to 1,5 cm, where the layer of insulation containing an aerogel has a lime-based binder and a cement-based binder.

The thermal insulation composite system according to the invention therefore has a thermal insulation plate containing at least one aerogel and diffusion open along its main insulation direction.

The thermal insulation plate thus allows water vapour to be transported from the masonry to the surrounding area.The main insulation direction of the thermal insulation plate is therefore perpendicular to the main surface, i.e. the largest surface, the thermal insulation plate, which is also known as the flat surface or the wide surface.

The present invention involves arranging the aerogel in a loose deposit in the thermal insulation plate, which allows a particularly low water vapour diffusion resistance to be achieved, since no binder prevents water vapour diffusion.

The thermal insulation plate generally has an aerogel with absolute particle sizes in the range of 1 to 8 mm, in particular 2 to 6 mm, preferably 3 to 5 mm. The use of aerogels with the above-mentioned particle sizes allows particularly good water vapour diffusion and at the same time a very effective insulation effect, with the particles being robust enough to withstand shocks during storage and transport, cutting and installation of the thermal insulation plate.

The water vapour diffusion resistance of the thermal insulation plate can vary widely, but it is preferred for the purpose of the present invention if the thermal insulation plate has a water vapour diffusion resistance number μ, determined in accordance with DIN EN ISO 12542, in the range 1 to 8, in particular 1 to 6, preferably 2 to 5.

Thermal insulation boards made of polymer foams have significantly higher water vapour diffusion resistance values as determined in accordance with DIN EN ISO 12542.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the thermal insulation plate has a thermal conductivity in the range of 0.008 to 0.040 W/mK, in particular 0.010 to 0.035 W/mK, preferably 0.011 to 0.030 W/mK, preferably 0.012 to 0.020 W/mK. The thermal insulation plate according to the invention thus achieves almost the extremely low thermal conductivities of pure aerogel.

Furthermore, the present invention prefers that the thermal insulation plate has at least a basically square structure, which facilitates both storage and installation of the thermal insulation plates.

The thickness of the thermal insulation plate is in the range of 1 to 8 cm, in particular 2 to 7 cm, preferably 2.5 to 6 cm, preferably 3 to 5 cm. The thickness of the thermal insulation plate is therefore significantly reduced compared to conventional thermal insulation plates based on polystyrene or polyurethane, with a reduction of 3 to 4 times possible.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the thermal insulation plate is designed to have a base consisting of the narrow sides of the thermal insulation plate and an internal structure with spaces, in particular cavities, which may be single or multi-piece.

The thermal insulation plate should preferably have an internal structure parallel to the main insulation direction with at least one open space, in particular cavities, to absorb the aerogel. This may be provided for with the spaces being open on both sides and extending over the entire thickness of the thermal insulation plate. The internal structure with the cavities to absorb the aerogel, on the one hand, provides the thermal insulation plate with increased mechanical stability, and, on the other hand, the loose discharge of the aerogel into the thermal insulation plate of the invention is divided into smaller units, which, during transport and assembly, i.e. during shaking, results in a reduction in the force of the aerogel and its effect on the aerogel.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the spaces are formed n-angle, in particular four- to eight-sided, preferably hexagonal, and the internal structure preferably creates vaulted cavities in the thermal insulation plate, preferably fully open perpendicular to the direction of diffusion or the main thermal insulation direction.

The present invention gives particularly good results when the openings of the spaces have a surface area parallel to the main surface of 1 to 64 cm2, in particular 3 to 36 cm2, preferably 4 to 16 cm2. The interior design thus preferably forms a grid within the insulation plate, especially by rails. This grid of the insulation plate protects the aerosol, as mentioned above, but allows the insulation plate to be easily assembled on the construction site or to be adjusted to the size and shape of the insulating surface.

In general, the core of the thermal insulation board consists or is at least substantially made of wood, plastics or mineral materials. Within the scope of the present invention, a variety of thermoplastic or duroplastic plastics are suitable for forming the core of the thermal insulation board, in particular plastics based on (i) polyolefin, preferably polyethylene (PE) or polypropylene (PP); (ii) polymethacrylates (PMA); (iii) polymethyl methalates (PMMA); (iv) polyvinyl chloride (PVC); (v) polyvinyl anhydride, in particular polyvinyl fluoride (PVC) or polyvinyl chloride (PVDC); (vi) polyvinyl/vinyl-carbonyl (APA); (vii) polyvinyl-vinyl-butadiol (PVC); (vi) phenylamine (PVDC); (vi) polyvinyl-vinyl-butadiol (PVC); (vi) butadiol (APA); (viii) butadiol (APA); (vi) or (viii) butadiol (V) can be used for the treatment of acids; (viii) butadiol (V) butadiol (V) butadiol (V) butadiol (V) butadiol (V) butadiol (V) butadiol (V) butadiol (V (V) butadiol (V) butadiol (V) butadiol (V (V) butadiol (V) butadiol (V) butadiol (V (V) butadiol (V) butadiol (V) butadiol (V (V) butadiol (V) butadiol (V (V) butadiol (V) butadiol (V (V) butadiol (butadiol (V) butadiol (butadiol (V) butadiol (V) butadiol (butadiol (V) butadiol (butadiol (V) butadiol (adiol (adiol (adiol (adiol (adiol butadiol) butadiol (adiol butadiol butadiol (adiol) butadiol (adi

However, for the purposes of the present invention, it is preferable for the core of the thermal insulation plate to be made of mineral materials, since in this case the thermal insulation plate has a flammability of A1 or A2 according to DIN 4102.

In general, the openings of the spaces between the two parts, in particular by means of a sieve, are at least partially closed. In this connection, provision is made for an open, especially flow-open, surface structure to be placed on the spaces between the thermal insulation plates, preferably if the surface structure covers the spaces between the thermal insulation plates. At least partial or partial closure of the opening of the spaces between the two parts by means of a sieve, in particular by means of a surface structure, prevents the unwanted release of the aerogel from the spaces between the thermal insulation plates. On the other hand, only a surface surface surface structure provides a means of preventing the diffusion of heat vapour through the uncovered surface of the insulated plate.

For the purposes of the present invention, it is preferable if the surface shape is a textile or mineral, preferably a mineral, surface shape, in particular a fabric, fabric, knitting, braiding, sewing, nonwoven and/or felt, or a lattice; in this context, it is preferable if the surface shape is a fabric with a mesh width or mesh spacing of 0,5 to 5 mm, in particular 1 to 4 mm, preferably 1,5 to 3 mm, preferably 1,7 to 2,5 mm, using preferably fibreglass fabric.

The above-mentioned surface forms are all open to diffusion or flow and allow the unimpeded passage of water vapour. In addition, the use of a surface, in particular a glass fibre fabric, with the mesh widths mentioned above is not only intended to protect against the accidental release of the aerogel from the spaces between the insulating plates, but also to reinforce a coating or a putty applied to the insulating plate, in particular a heat insulating putty, which, in particular, when used, can be attached to the flame lamp but which does not penetrate into the insulating plate.

The present invention generally applies the thermal insulation plate by means of an adhesive, in particular a two-component adhesive, preferably on a methyl methacrylate or polyurethane base, to the surface to be insulated. The use of adhesives has the advantage over the use of insulation covers that the thermal insulation plate and, consequently, a thermal insulation composite system in which it is integrated, is not damaged and, in addition, the use of an insulation covering prevents damage to a cold bridge.

As shown above, the WDVS comprises a thermal insulation plate and an insulation cleaning system as described above, whereby the invention provides that the thermal insulation plate is located on a surface to be insulated and the insulation cleaning system is subsequently located on the outside or on the side of the thermal insulation plate opposite the surface to be insulated.

The insulation cleaning systems used in accordance with the invention are multilayered heat insulation systems based on brushes.

The composite thermal insulation system of the invention is characterised in particular by its extremely low thickness, its diffusion resistance to water vapour and its high mechanical strength, which, despite its low layer thickness, gives equivalent or even better damping properties than conventional composite thermal insulation systems.

The thermal insulation system has a thickness of 4 to 12 cm, in particular 5 to 10 cm, preferably 5.5 to 9 cm, preferably 6 to 8 cm.

The thermal insulation composite system according to the invention thus allows efficient thermal insulation with a thickness of the thermal insulation composite system reduced by more than 2/3 compared to conventional thermal insulation composite systems with layer thicknesses in the range of 18 to 20 cm. According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the thermal insulation composite system has a water vapour diffusion resistance μ, determined in accordance with DIN EN ISO 12542, in the range of 4 to 12, in particular 5 to 10, preferably 6 to 8.

Furthermore, the present invention provides that the thermal insulation composite system has a thermal conductivity in the range of 0,017 to 0,040 W/mK, preferably 0,020 to 0,035 W/mK, preferably 0,022 to 0,027 W/mK.

Particularly good results will be obtained in the present invention by using special insulation cleaning systems based on aerogel-containing insulation cleaning agents as described below.

The preferred insulation finishes of the invention are available on the basis of novel dry mixtures of building materials.

A dry mixture of building materials, in particular a putty mortar, is described below, preferably for the production of an insulating putty, where the dry mixture of building materials contains at least one aerogel.

For the purposes of the present invention, it is preferable if the aerogel is silicate based, in particular at least consisting essentially of silicon dioxide, preferably a pure silicon dioxide aerogel.

The aerogel may be hydrophobic, which has a positive effect on the water repellent properties of the insulation material and on the production of the aerogel, but also reduces the porosity of the aerogel and thus weakens the insulation effect, albeit only slightly.

Err1:Expecting ',' delimiter: line 1 column 319 (char 318)

The dry mixture of construction materials preferred according to the invention provides insulation finishes which have a significantly improved mechanical resistance compared to conventional aerogel-containing insulation finishes.

The dry mixture of building materials can be processed, as with conventional aerogel-free cleaning systems, by simple starting with water to produce an insulating cleaning agent which can be applied mechanically to building walls and which has significantly improved thermal insulation properties compared to the state of the art, both alone and in the combined insulation system.

In addition, the insulation finish containing an aerogel is diffusion-free, i.e. moisture from the masonry can be released into the environment, thus actually achieving the theoretically achievable coefficients of thermal conductivity of the insulating materials.

In general, the dry mixture of construction materials contains the aerogel in quantities of 1 to 50% by weight, in particular 2 to 45% by weight, preferably 3 to 40% by weight, preferably 5 to 35% by weight, preferably 10 to 30% by weight, and preferably 15 to 25% by weight, depending on the dry mixture of construction materials.

The results obtained in the present invention are particularly good if the aerogel contained in the drying mixture of construction materials has a particle size of 0.01 to 10 mm, in particular 0.05 to 8 mm, preferably 0.1 to 7 mm, preferably 0.2 to 6 mm, preferably 0.5 to 5 mm, preferably 0.5 to 4 mm, preferably 0.5 to 2 mm. The aerogels used in the present invention, in particular, with particle sizes in the areas mentioned above, have a relatively high mechanical stability in general and are particularly compatible with the other particles present in the drying mixture.

The aerogel usually has a bulk density of 0,05 to 0,30 g/cm3, in particular 0,08 to 0,27 g/cm3, preferably 0,12 to 0,25 g/cm3, preferably 0,13 to 0,22 g/cm3, preferably 0,14 to 0,20 g/cm3, preferably 0,15 to 0,16 g/cm3.

The results obtained in the present invention are particularly good if the aerogel has an absolute pore diameter in the range from 2 to 400 nm, in particular from 5 to 300 nm, preferably from 8 to 200 nm, preferably from 10 to 130 nm, preferably from 10 to 70 nm. Aerogels having pore sizes in the above range have, on the one hand, an extremely low thermal conductivity and, on the other hand, a comparatively high mechanical stability.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the aerogel is at least substantially stable in shape under the contract conditions of the appropriate dry mixture of building materials, i.e. in particular as an insulating cleaner. In particular, it is preferred that at least 70%, preferably at least 80%, preferably at least 90%, preferably at least 95%, of the aerogel particles used remain stable in shape under contract conditions. It is a characteristic of the aerogel used in accordance with the invention that the aerogel particles, especially when machined specifically with the help of blowing machines, in which a pressure of up to 7 or 8 bar on the aerogel particles results in a stable and non-destructive shape, which at the same time provides particularly good thermal resistance to the mechanical heat resistance of the blowing machine.

Aerogels which have the above parameters and properties can be used to obtain a mechanically particularly resistant, durable and excellent insulating insulation.

The thermal conductivity of such hydrophobic aerogels may be in the range of 0,015 to 0,032 W/mK, in particular, 0,019 to 0,025 W/mK, preferably 0,020 to 0,022 W/mK. However, particularly good results are obtained in the present invention if the thermal conductivity of the aerogels is in the range of 0,015 to 0,016 W/mK.

In addition, the present invention may provide that the dry mixture of building materials shall also contain at least one additional layer.

Err1:Expecting ',' delimiter: line 1 column 180 (char 179)

In this connection, the present invention gives particularly good results if the aggregate is a light aggregate, in particular with a grain density of not more than 2.0 kg/dm3.It has been shown to be advantageous here that the light aggregate is selected from the group of volcanic rock, perlite, vermiculite, bims, foam and blow glass, perlite, blow shale, styrofoam, tuff, blow-lime, lava sand, lava sand, foam plastics and mixtures thereof, for example, perlite.

The present invention also provides particularly good results if the lightweight aggregate has a grain size of not more than 4 mm, and in particular not more than 3 mm. Lightweight aggregates with the above-mentioned particle sizes, particularly in the case of perlite, can interact with the aerogel particles without being subject to this theory, the aerogel being stored in particular in the cavities between the individual perlite particles in the dry mixture of construction materials and in the insulation cleaning, and protected there from mechanical destruction.

Where the dry-bulk mixture contains a lightweight surcharge, provision may be made for the dry-bulk mixture to contain the lightweight surcharge in amounts of 20 to 90% by weight, in particular 30 to 80% by weight, preferably 40 to 75% by weight, preferably 45 to 70% by weight, preferably 50 to 65% by weight, depending on the dry-bulk mixture.

Particularly good results are obtained in the present invention when the dry mixture of building materials contains the aerogel and the lightweight additive in a weight-based ratio of aerogel to lightweight additive from 6:1 to 1:50; in particular, 5:1 to 1:40, preferably 2:1 to 1:25, preferably 1:1 to 1:1:13, preferably 1:2 to 1:1:6 and preferably 1:2 to 1:4:4.

In particular, the above weight-based ratios of aerogels for lightweight applications show that the aerogel particles are retained in the insulation cleaner, especially even when machined.

In general, the dry-cleaning mixture of construction materials contains at least one binder. In particular, particularly good results are obtained when the dry-cleaning mixture of construction materials contains the binder in amounts of 5 to 98 g/l, in particular 8 to 75 g/l, preferably 10 to 50 g/l, preferably 12 to 40 g/l, preferably 15 to 35 g/l. Thus, the dry-cleaning mixture and the insulating cleaner preferably contain the binder in a rather low amount, while aerogels and additives are present in a significantly higher amount, resulting in significantly improved thermal insulation properties.

The dry-bonding mixture of construction materials has two different binders for the purpose of the present invention. The dry-bonding mixture of construction materials has a lime-based binding agent, in particular hydraulic lime, and a cement-based binding agent, in particular white cement. Mixtures of the above-mentioned binding agents have particularly good binding properties, have a consistency and viscosity that ensure good wear resistance of the insulating finish and lead to excellent final strength despite the high proportion of additives. In addition, the lime-bonding component, due to its high alkalinity, additionally inhibits the formation of mold and algae. The insulation obtained by the mixing of the dry-bonding material is so diffused that, although it is effective in the case of use of a thin insulating agent, it is also effective in preventing the formation of mold and algae, but also in the case of use of a non-alkali-based insulating agent.

The hydraulic fraction of the binding agent is hardened by hydration and does not require carbon dioxide to bind, which gives the binding agent a high initial strength, while the non-hydraulic fraction of the lime is slowly hardened or detached by diffusion of carbon dioxide in the insulation pit.

If the dry aggregate mixture contains a lime-based binder, it has been shown to be effective if the dry aggregate mixture contains the lime-based binder in quantities of 4 to 97 g/l, in particular 5 to 75 g/l, preferably 7 to 50 g/l, preferably 8 to 40 g/l, preferably 10 to 30 g/l, preferably 15 to 30 g/l, depending on the dry aggregate mixture.

Similarly, good results are obtained in the present invention if the dry mixture of building materials contains cement based binder in quantities of 1 to 20 weight per cent, in particular 1 to 15 weight per cent, preferably 1.5 to 12 weight per cent, preferably 1.5 to 10 weight per cent, preferably 2 to 8 weight per cent, and preferably 2 to 5 weight per cent, depending on the dry mixture of building materials.

According to a particular preferred embodiment of the present invention, the construction material drying mixture contains the lime-based binder and the cement-based binder in a weight-based ratio of lime-based binder to cement-based binder of 1 5 to 30: 1, in particular 1 2 to 20: 1, preferably 1 1 to 15: 1, preferably 2 1 to 10: 1, preferably 3 1 to 8 1: 1, preferably 4 1 to 7 1: 1.

Furthermore, the present invention may provide that the dry mixture of building materials contains at least one additive, in particular at least one additive, which may be selected from the group of liquefiers, thickeners, retardants, accelerators, stabilizers, rheological agents, water retention agents, dispersants, sealants, air pore formers and mixtures thereof.

The amount of additive in the dry mixture of construction materials used in the preferred manner according to the invention may vary widely, but good results are obtained in particular when the dry mixture contains the additive in amounts of 0.01 to 10% by weight, in particular 0.1 to 5% by weight, preferably 0.3 to 3% by weight, preferably 0.5 to 1% by weight, depending on the dry mixture.

The present invention gives particularly good results with a dry mixture of building materials which is (A) Aerogel in quantities of 3 to 40% by weight, in particular 5 to 35% by weight, preferably 10 to 30% by weight, preferably 15 to 25% by weight, in relation to the dry mixture of building materials; (B) at least one light additive, in particular perlite, in quantities of 30 to 80% by weight, in particular 40 to 75% by weight, preferably 45 to 70% by weight, preferably 50 to 65% by weight, in relation to the dry mixture of building materials; (C) at least one lime-based binder, in particular hydraulic lime, in quantities of 7 to 50% by weight, in particular 8 to 40% by weight, preferably 10 to 30% by weight, preferably 15 to 30% by weight, in relation to the dry mixture of building materials; (D) at least one white-based additive, in particular 0,01 to 0,01%, preferably 1 to 0,01%, preferably 1 to 1,5%, preferably 10 to 2%, preferably 0,01 to 0,01%, preferably 0,1% by weight, in relation to the dry mixture of building materials; (E) at least one white-based additive, in particular 0,01 to 0,01%, preferably 1 to 0,1% by weight, in relation to 0,01 to 0,1% by weight, preferably 1 to 0,1% by weight, preferably 1 to 0,1% by weight, 10 to 2%, preferably 0,1% by weight, in relation to 0,01 to 0,1% by weight, preferably 0,1% by weight, 1 to 0,1% by weight, preferably 0,1% by weight; (C) at least 1 to 0,1% by weight, 1 to 0,1% by weight, preferably 0,1% by weight, 1 to 0,1% by weight, 1 to 0,1% by weight, preferably 0,1% by weight, 1 to 0,1% by weight, preferably 0,1% by weight, 1 to 0,1% by weight, preferably 0,1% by weight, by weight, by weight, by weight, by weight, by weight, by weight, by weight, by weight, by weight, by weight, by weight, by weight, by weight, by weight, by weight, by weight, by weight, by weight, by weight, by weight, by weight, by weight, by weight, by

In addition, the present invention may be used to provide that the dry mixture of building materials has a bulk density in the range of 100 to 400 kg/m3, in particular 150 to 350 kg/m3, preferably 175 to 300 kg/m3, preferably 200 to 250 kg/m3.

The dry mixture of building materials described above, in particular the putty mortar, allows the manufacture of an insulation finish, in particular a thermal insulation finish, which is the preferred method of insulation of structures, in particular buildings.

The invention prefers an aerogel-containing insulation finish, in particular a thermal insulation finish, for the thermal insulation of buildings, which is obtained from a previously described dry mixture of building materials, in particular a plaster mortar.

The present invention is particularly useful when the insulation is obtained by starting with water in quantities of 70 to 150 g/l, in particular 80 to 130 g/l, preferably 90 to 110 g/l, depending on the dry mixture of construction materials.

The cured aerogel-containing insulation finish usually has an excellent barrier effect on liquid water without further coating, whereas water vapour can diffuse through the cured insulation finish relatively easily.

In general, the insulating powder containing an aerogel is applied to the surface to be treated by common methods, in particular by means of a machine spraying process. A special feature of the insulating powder used in accordance with the invention is that, despite its high aerogel content, it can be applied by a machine spraying process, in particular by means of a polishing machine, to the surface to be insulated, in particular to the wall of the house. As already shown, the characteristic of the insulating powder preferred in accordance with the invention is that the aerogel contained in it is at least substantially stable in form under contract conditions, in particular when machine-operated, with at least 70%, in particular at least 80%, in particular at least 90%, preferably at least 95%, of the aerogel remaining in the formulation.

The present invention uses an aerogel-containing insulation finish, which contains at least one aerogel and is available in particular from a dry mixture of building materials described above, whereby the hardened aerogel-containing insulation finish has a thermal conductivity in the range of 0.02 to 0.055 W/mK, in particular 0.022 to 0.050 W/mK, preferably 0.024 to 0.045 W/mK, preferably 0.026 to 0.040 W/mK, preferably 0.028 to 0.032 W/mK. The (thermal) insulation finish thus has thermal conductivities normally observed only in thermal insulation systems.

In general, the cured aerogel-containing insulation finish has a compressive strength of 0.4 to 2.5 N/mm2, in particular 0.4 to 2.0 N/mm2, preferably 0.45 to 1.6 N/mm2, preferably 0.45 to 1.4 N/mm2.

For the purposes of the present invention, it is preferable that the hardened aerogel-containing insulation finish has a water vapour diffusion resistance μ, determined in accordance with DIN EN ISO 12542, in the range 2 to 9, in particular 3 to 7, preferably 4 to 6. As mentioned above, the insulation finish is characterized by being diffusion-proof and allowing moisture to be released from the masonry to the environment, which prevents the formation of mould and algae and further increases the durability of the thermal insulation system.

The dry-bulk density of the aerogel-containing cured insulation finish is normally in the range of 200 to 350 kg/m3, in particular 225 to 325 kg/m3, preferably 250 to 300 kg/m3.

The thickness of the layer with which the insulation is applied to a surface, in particular to a building wall, can vary widely. The thickness of the layer of insulation applied to the surface to be insulated, in particular the interior or exterior of a building, can be 1 to 14 cm, in particular 1 to 8 cm, preferably 2 to 7 cm. It is still preferable if the insulated layer is applied to the exterior of a building, i.e. before it is used as insulation. The task of the insulation preparer is to apply heat insulation directly to the wall, in particular to the wall or to the wall, without any further special equipment being necessary, such as a concrete wall reinforcement, which can be installed on the wall or the ground floor, so that the work of the insulation preparer can be carried out directly on the wall or wall without any additional equipment being necessary.

As regards the layer thickness of the cured aerogel-containing insulation, the above ranges are applicable only to a non-invention-specific single order of the insulation or an insulation system containing the insulation according to the invention, whereas the use of the insulation according to the invention in a thermal insulation composite system (TIC), in particular in a thermal insulation composite system (TIC) with a thermal insulation plate after the invention, uses significantly lower layer thicknesses of the preferred insulation, as will be shown below.

A special feature of the insulation cleaner containing an aerogel is that it can be used for both indoor and outdoor applications, in particular, even when the insulation cleaner or an insulation cleaner system containing it is used alone, excellent insulation results in the field of outdoor insulation are achieved while at the same time very good mechanical strength. The sole function of the insulation cleaner or an insulation cleaner is recommended, for example, when the contours of a building are to be accurately drawn. Otherwise, a thermal insulation system (WSS) according to the invention is preferable, since it can achieve even better insulation.

The present invention may further provide that the hardened insulating paint shall have a flammability of A1 or A2 according to DIN 4102; as the preferred insulating paint is preferably purely mineral based, it is non-combustible and has a flammability of A1 according to DIN 4102; when hydrophobic aerogels and organic additives are used, the preferred insulating paint is still not flammable, but this must be demonstrated to be equivalent to a flammability of A2 according to DIN 4102.

The present invention uses aerosol-containing insulation systems. The invention provides for a multilayer insulation system that has at least one layer of insulation, consisting of at least one aerogel-containing insulation as described above, and a surface coating, with the surface coating located at least on one surface facing the insulation layer, in particular on the facing side of a building facing the insulation layer, and preferably with the surface coating covering at least the facing side of the insulation layer facing the insulation layer.

The surface coating may be applied continuously or only in a partial way, with preference being given to continuous surface coating, particularly on the outside of the insulation system, i.e. on the side of the insulation system facing away from the surface to be insulated.

The surface coating is generally waterproof, particularly rainproof, and/or diffusion-resistant. The preferred surface coatings according to the invention thus prevent the penetration of liquid water into the insulation cleaning system, but on the other hand allow the diffusion of water vapour from the masonry into the surroundings, thereby constantly dehumidifying the masonry.

Particularly good results are obtained in the present invention when the surface coating has a layer thickness of 50 to 400 μm, in particular 100 to 300 μm, preferably 150 to 250 μm. The surface coating can be produced by single or optional multiple application, i.e. the surface coating can be composed of several layers in the present invention, but the total thickness of the surface coating is preferably within the range specified above.

The most suitable surface coatings are polymer based, especially acrylate based, which are permeable to water vapour but impermeable to liquid water and have an excellent tensile strength of up to 150%. This gives them a crack-breaking effect, i.e. if any cracks occur in the insulation, the surface coating does not necessarily break as well, thus allowing water to enter the insulation system, but rather maintains its protective function. This increases the durability of the insulation system or insulation system considerably.

Furthermore, the present invention may provide that at least one layer of foundation may be placed between the layer of insulating finish containing the aerogel and the surface coating. The foundation layer may also consist of one or more layers and in particular have a layer thickness of 25 to 100 μm, in particular 35 to 75 μm, preferably 45 to 60 μm. In principle, all foundations that ensure an improved adhesion of the surface coating to the coating and also cover the material to be coated with a predominantly mineralist based sealing system are suitable as foundation. The foundation layer is known and common to the mason. However, the type of foundation used is preferable if the dehumidification of the wall is not opposed to a greenhouse.

According to the present invention, at least one other non-aerogel layer of insulation is placed between the aerogel-containing layer of insulation and the grounding layer or surface coating, and it is also preferable to place the additional layer of insulation on the side of the aerogel-containing layer opposite the surface equipped with the insulation system.

The use of the additional thermal insulation increases in particular the mechanical strength, such as the compressive strength of the entire insulation system, and continues to protect the aerogel-containing insulation, especially when placed externally.

The additional layer of insulation not containing an aerogel has a layer thickness in the range of 0.2 to 1.5 cm, preferably 0.3 to 1.0 cm, preferably 0.4 to 0.7 cm. Thus, for the purpose of the present invention, the additional layer of insulation not containing an aerogel is applied only with an extremely low layer thickness to the outside of the layer of insulation containing an aerogel to protect the latter from mechanical effects.

In addition, the present invention prefers that the further insulation layer has a thermal conductivity in the range of 0.02 to 0.12 W/mK, in particular 0.03 to 0.10 W/mK, preferably 0.05 to 0.09 W/mK, preferably 0.06 to 0.08 W/mK.

Similarly, particularly good results are obtained in the present invention if the additional insulation layer has a compressive strength of 1.3 to 4.0 N/mm2, in particular 1.4 to 3.5 N/mm2, preferably 1.5 to 3.2 N/mm2, preferably 1.6 to 3.0 N/mm2.

In general, the additional insulation layer has a water vapour diffusion resistance μ, determined in accordance with DIN EN ISO 12542, in the range 3 to 10, in particular 4 to 8, preferably 5 to 7.

The additional layer of insulation may also be provided with a dry-bulk density in the range of 200 to 350 kg/m3, in particular 250 to 325 kg/m3, preferably 290 to 310 kg/m3.

The use of the additional layer of insulation, which does not contain an aerogel, can improve the mechanical properties of the insulation system, while the low layer thickness of the additional layer of insulation only slightly affects the thermal insulation and water vapour diffusion resistance of the insulation system.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the further insulation layer contains a light surcharge; the amount of light surcharge in the further insulation layer may vary widely; however, particularly good results are obtained when the further insulation layer contains a light surcharge in amounts of 30 to 90 wt.%, in particular 40 to 85 wt.%, preferably 50 to 80 wt.%, based on the further insulation layer or a corresponding dry mixture of building materials.

In addition, the further insulation layer generally contains at least one binder; however, for the purposes of the present invention, it is preferable if the further insulation layer contains at least one lime-based binder, particularly hydraulic lime, and at least one cement-based binder, particularly white cement; and, according to the invention, it is preferable if the further insulation layer contains the lime-based binder in amounts of 5 to 60% by weight, in particular 10 to 40% by weight, preferably 10 to 30% by weight, in relation to the further insulation layer or a corresponding dry building material mixture, and the cement-based binder in amounts of 1 to 15% by weight, in particular 10 to 2% by weight, preferably 3% by weight, in relation to the further insulation layer or a corresponding dry building material mixture, and the cement-based binder in amounts of 1 to 2% by weight, in particular 10 to 3% by weight, in relation to the further insulation layer or a corresponding dry building material mixture.

The lightweight aggregate used for the further insulation layer shall in particular have a rough grain density of not more than 2,0 kg/dm3 and shall be selected from the group of volcanic rock, perlite, vermiculite, beams, foam and blown glass, blown clay, blown shale, styrophor, tuff, blown sludge, lava sands, lava sands, foam plastics and mixtures thereof, preferably perlite, in particular with grain sizes of not more than 3 mm and in particular not more than 2 mm.

The above weight ratios give very good strengths and a very good and uniform bonding of the other layer of the insulation, and also increase the adhesion to the layer of the insulation containing an aerogel, since similar systems of binders are preferably used in each case.

The use of a support layer, particularly in the form of a reinforcement, gives the insulation system of the invention additional mechanical strength and avoids the formation of R, since stresses can be balanced. A reinforcement allows the two insulation layers to remain in direct contact with each other and thus form a particularly close joint, with both layers of insulation and the glass fibre in the reinforcement. The use of glass insulation of up to 400 mm2 or 100 mm2 is particularly desirable, as these are not particularly resistant to welding, especially in the case of glass insulation, with a diameter of up to 400 mm2, especially in the case of glass insulation, and in particular in the case of glass insulation of up to 49 mm2.

The following structure is used for the insulation cleaning system according to the invention:insulation layer containing at least one aerogel,carrier layer,additional insulation layer,grounding layer and surface coating ng.

Such insulation systems combine both high thermal insulation and high mechanical strength.

Preferably, the water vapour diffusion resistance μ of the insulation cleaning system of the present invention, determined in accordance with DIN EN ISO 12542, is in the range 4 to 12, in particular 5 to 10, preferably 6 to 8.

In addition, the present invention prefers that the insulation cleaning system has a flammability of A1 or A2 according to DIN 4102, which means that the insulation cleaning system according to the invention is non-combustible and therefore meets the highest fire protection requirements, which makes it easy to install in sensitive areas.

In general, the insulation cleaning system has a layer thickness of 1.5 to 14 cm, in particular 2.5 to 9 cm, preferably 3.5 to 8 cm.

The above-mentioned layer thicknesses or thicknesses of the insulation cleaning system are, however, only applicable if the insulation cleaning system is applied directly to a building wall, in particular a masonry structure.

When the insulation cleaning system of the invention is used in a thermal insulation composite system of the invention, the layer of insulation cleaning material containing the aerogel has a layer thickness in the range of 1,5 to 3 cm, preferably 1,5 to 2,5 cm.

According to the invention, the insulation layer containing further aerogel is intended to have a layer thickness in the range of 0.2 to 1.5 cm, preferably 0.3 to 1.0 cm, preferably 0.4 to 0.7 cm. The above-mentioned layer thicknesses of the insulation system or layers of insulation as part of the thermal insulation composite system according to the invention provide excellent results in the present invention.

Finally, the thermal insulation composite system of the invention may have an insulation cleaning plate consisting of an insulation cleaning system as described above.

The insulating panel according to the invention is particularly suitable for interior construction, in particular for roof construction, especially for under and interlock barriers.

The use of other coatings and coatings is commonly used for indoor use than for outdoor insulation, but this is familiar to the professional so that no further explanation is necessary.

The thickness of the insulating board used in accordance with the invention may vary widely, but particularly good results are obtained in the present invention if the insulating board has a thickness in the range of 1 to 5 cm, preferably 2 to 4 cm.

For further details on the insulating layer, reference may be made to the previous paragraphs, which apply accordingly to the insulating layer.

Further advantages, properties, aspects and features of the present invention are shown in the following description of the embodiment of the invention, as described in the drawing.

In the figure, the following is shown:Fig. 1the schematic design of a thermal insulation panel according to the invention 1.Fig. 2a schematic representation of a thermal insulation system 6 according to the invention mounted on a building wall 7;Fig. 3a schematic representation of a thermal insulation system 6 according to the invention mounted on a building wall 7;

In particular, Figure 1 shows a preferred embodiment of the thermal insulation plate used 1. The thermal insulation plate 1 has a base body formed by the narrow sides 2 of the thermal insulation plate and an inner structure 3. The inner structure 3 is characterised by hexagonal, especially wavy cavities 4 which extend uniformly over the entire thickness of the thermal insulation plate 1 and contain an aerogel. The main surfaces or widths of the thermal insulation plate 1 are covered with a surface shape 5, in particular with a glass fibre fabric covering a machine area of 2 x 2 mm, in particular the width of the thermal insulation plate 1 is covered with an airtigator. The glass membrane 1 serves as a thermal insulator against thermal shock on the one side and the aerogel plate 1 on the other side.The heat insulation system 6 of the invention consists of the heat insulation plate 1 and an insulation cleaning system 8 mounted on the outside of it, whereby the insulation cleaning system 8 is multilayered. It is also possible that the insulation cleaning system 8 is in the form of an insulation cleaning plate and is, for example, coated with the heat insulation plate. The insulation system 6 is modified by means of a 2-component 9K diffuser and is both integrated and integrated into the house.

Fig. 3 shows in particular a schematic representation of a thermal insulation system 6 according to the invention, which consists of a thermal insulation plate 1 and an insulation system 8 according to the invention. The thermal insulation plate 1 is attached to the wall of the house 7 by means of a 2-component adhesive 9 directly to the thermal insulation plate 1 in the direction of the main insulation, i.e. on the main surface or width of the thermal insulation plate 1, the upper surface of the thermal insulation system 8 according to the invention, containing at least one aerogel layer containing an insulation layer 10 directly below the glass layer of the insulation plate 13. The thermal insulation layer of the invention is provided for the insulation layer 8 in addition to a layer of insulation layer 11 and a pre-implantation layer 11 between the 10 and 13 mm, which is a good insulation layer. The air-pressure system is a solid insulation layer 10 which is located directly below the glass layer of the insulation layer 13. The layer of insulation layer 11 is a layer of insulation layer 8 which is located between the 10 and 12 mm of the air-pressure system.

Examples of implementation 1. manufacture of a heat insulation plate

A wooden structure of 1 m x 0,5 m in size with a wavy inner structure with a mesh size of 2 cm x 2 cm is glued on one side by means of a glass fibre mesh with a mesh size of 2 mm x 2 mm. The waves of the inner structure are filled with a coarse-grained aerogel with particle sizes in the range of 3 to 5 mm and the second surface of the basic structure is also glued with a glass fibre mesh with a mesh size of 2 mm x 2 mm. The thickness of the thermal insulation plate is 5 cm.

The first is the use of a heat-insulation system. 2.1. Manufacture of an aerogel-containing thermal insulation cloth A) Manufacture of aerogel

The aerogel used to produce an airtight seal containing an aerogel shall be produced in a multi-stage process, including the following steps: 1. Manufacture of hydrosol A commercial sodium silicate solution is diluted with deionized water and then passed through a highly acidic cation exchange resin based on sulphonated and divinylbenzene-interlaced polystyrene. Manufacture of a hydrogel The hydrosol obtained in step 1 is heated to 50 °C and stirred continuously with N,N-dimethylformamide.The hydrosol is aged for several hours at constant temperature to form the gel. The resulting hydrogel is then reduced to particles of 0,5 to 1 cm by adding deionised water at constant temperature and stirring. The mixture containing the hydrogel is cooled to 35 °C and aged again for several hours. Production of alcohol The hydrogel obtained in step 3 is mixed with methanol until the volume ratios of water and methanol are approximately equal, and then the gel is left to stand for several hours.The solvent is then separated from the reaction mixture by filtration. The remaining residue is then mixed with methanol. A slow solvent exchange occurs, in which water is replaced by methanol. The separation of the solvent mixture and the addition of methanol are repeated if necessary. An alcohol gel is formed, which matures for several hours at constant temperature. The separated solvent mixture is transferred to a distillation apparatus and separated distillating. 4. surface modification The alcohol obtained in step 3 is stirred at constant temperature with a solution of hexamethyldisilazan and n-hexane using nitric acid as catalyst.Other 5. exchange of solvents The reaction mixture obtained in step 4 is separated from a large part of the solvent by filtration and the remaining residue is replaced with n-hexane, and the step is repeated several times if necessary, thus largely replacing the methanol with n-hexane. The separated solvent mixture is transferred to a distillation apparatus and separated distillating. The drying process The remaining solvent, mainly n-hexane, is removed by distillation and the alcohol granules still wrapped with solvent residues are dried from the reaction vessel under vacuum at 50°C, stirring and shaking gently for several hours.

Partikelgröße:	0,5 bis 5 mm,
Dichte:
Kontaktwinkel:	110 bis 150 °,
Wärmeleitfähigkeit:	0,024 bis 0,026 W/(mK),
Porendurchmesser:	100 bis 300 nm,
Lichtdurchlässigkeit:	keine.

Other The resulting aerogel is divided into the desired size fractions by seven. Other

B) Manufacture of insulation

a thickness of not more than 0,05 mm Hydraulic lime (21 parts by weight), White cement (3 parts by weight), Perlite (55 parts by weight), Aerogel, manufactured as described above, with particle sizes in the range of 0,5 to 3 mm (20 parts by weight); and Additives (1 part by weight) The water is then used to make a waterproof wash with a density of 250 kg/m3.

50 litres of the putty are added to 15 litres of water, resulting in 40 litres of fresh mortar.

The thermal insulation putty containing aerogel has a thermal conductivity of 0,034 W/mK. The water absorption coefficient w is 1,24 kg/m2 •.h0,5), i.e. the putty is waterproof.

2.2. Construction and installation of the combined heat insulation system

A total of 9 of the thermal insulation panels manufactured in accordance with point 1 are placed on a wall in an arrangement of 3 x 3 thermal insulation panels, i.e. three thermal insulation panels on top of each other and three thermal insulation panels side by side, by means of a 2-component polyurethane adhesive. The bonding is done in a point-like manner. A 2 cm thick layer of the aerogel-containing insulation material manufactured in accordance with point 2.1 is then split and then covered with a glass fibre reinforcement of a glass fibre fabric with a mesh size of 10 x 10 mm. After the thermal insulation layer has been applied, a further thermal insulation layer containing a layer of aerogel containing up to 0.5% by volume of water is added. It is obtained on a perlite base of 0.5% by volume of water. It is based on a perlite of pure mineral resin, which is obtained by applying a perlite of up to 50 per cent by volume of water.

After drying the additional layer of thermal insulation, the surface of the thermal insulation system is coated with a primer, and an acrylate-based surface coating is applied in the form of an aqueous acrylate dispersion with a dry layer thickness of 200 to 300 μm. Bezugszeichenliste:

1	Wärmedämmplatte	8	Dämmputzsystem
2	Schmalflächen der Wärmedämmplatte	9	Klebstoff
		10	Dämmputzschicht, enthaltend ein Aeorgel
3	Innenstruktur der Wärmedämmplatte
		11	Oberflächenbeschichtung
4	Zwischenräume	12	Grundierungsschicht
5	Flächengebilde	13	weitere Dämmputzschicht
6	Wärmedämmverbundsystem	14	Trägerschicht
7	Gebäudewand

Claims (3)

1. A thermal insulation composite system (6), having a thermal insulation board (1) and an insulating plaster system (8), wherein on a surface to be insulated (7) first the thermal insulation board (1) is arranged, followed by the insulating plaster system (8), wherein the thermal insulation composite system (6) has a thickness of 4 to 12 cm, wherein the thermal insulation composite system (6) has a thermal conductivity in the range of 0.017 to 0.040 W/(mK), wherein the thermal insulation board (1) contains at least an aerogel and is open to diffusion along its principal insulation direction, wherein the thermal insulation board (1) has a thickness of 1 to 8 cm, wherein the insulating plaster system (8) has a thickness of 1 to 5 cm, wherein the insulating plaster system (8) has an aerogel-containing insulating plaster layer (10) and at least one additional insulating plaster layer (13) not containing aerogel, wherein the one aerogel-containing insulating plaster layer (10) has a layer thickness in the range of 1.5 to 3 cm and wherein the additional insulating plaster layer (13) containing no aerogel has a layer thickness in the range of 0.2 to 1.5 cm, characterised in that the aerogel is arranged, loosely packed, in the thermal insulation board (1) and that the aerogel-containing thermal insulation plaster layer (10) has a lime-based binder and a cement-based binder.
2. The thermal insulation composite system (6) according to claim 1, characterized in that the insulating plaster system (8) has a thickness of 1.5 to 4 cm, preferably 2 to 3 cm.
3. The thermal insulation composite system (6) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by the following layer structure:

   Thermal insulation board (1),

   Insulating plaster layer (10), containing at least an aerogel,

   Supporting layer (14),

   Additional insulating plaster layer (13),

   Primer coat (12) and

   Surface coating (11).