FI82420C - Method and apparatus for loading an elongated piece on the train carriage - Google Patents

Description

1 82420

Method and apparatus for loading an elongate body onto a railway wagon Förfarande och anordning för lastning av ett längsträckt stycke pä tägvagnen 5

The invention relates to a method for loading elongate bodies, such as swap bodies, containers loaded on a swap body, etc. from a swap body truck or the like into a train wagon or vice versa, in which the with hoists and between the hoists of which there is also a turntable not integral to the train carriage, on the basis of which the swap body to be handled by said hoists 15 is desired to be turned to the position required for unloading or loading the train carriage. The invention also relates to an apparatus for placing under the above-mentioned swap body a turntable not integral to the railcar for loading or unloading the swap body from the railcar.

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The transport of swap bodies and sea containers connected to them on trains has become more common in recent years. Loading is mostly crane-assisted. Side and longitudinal loading of train wagons utilizing various wheeled chassis structures is becoming more common. Swap bodies or semi-trailers with wheels are driven from the end of the wagon line by a towing vehicle to the desired wagon by crossing a number of empty and later loaded wagons. Loading can also take place from the side. These forms of loading require special loading areas with driving-30 ramps.

Loading methods and equipment for loading swap bodies either transversely or diagonally from the side are also known from the prior art. These methods utilize auxiliary devices permanently mounted on the carriages, such as guides, 35 turntables, and the like. These have been clarified e.g. in patent publications FI 67506, DE 3027654 and US 3548756, 3516368.

Train loading of wheeled road vehicles requires either expensive lifting equipment or ramp and bridge structures. In addition, 2,82420 are needed during transport support structures, e.g. wheel obstacles, drawbar supports, etc. In order for the said traffic to run smoothly, the network must be equipped with sufficiently dense loading bays and the fixed equipment and facilities mentioned. The capital requirement for the tied-5 method is high. Correspondingly, large investments are required for those special wagons equipped with hydraulic rollers for queuing of swap bodies without the aforementioned gears.

The known transverse loading of train carriages is only possible with 10 so-called short swap body structures, which are special equipment and do not play a major role in swap body transport.

The known oblique loading of swap bodies into a train wagon requires turntable structures fixed to the wagon, which do not allow the wagon to be used for anything other than swap body transport. In addition, in skew loading, an asymmetrically loaded swap body causes stability problems, and the method is known to e.g. fell when loading a normal swap body.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and apparatus for enabling the smooth unloading and loading of various swap bodies into a train carriage without the need for fixed handling equipment. To achieve this, the method according to the invention is characterized by what is stated in the characterizing part of claim 1. Inventions. . The apparatus according to the invention is characterized by the characterizing part of claim 2.

The main advantage of the invention is that the swap bodies 30 can be unloaded and loaded into any suitable, conventional train carriage without the carriage being equipped with any fixed auxiliary equipment for loading the swap bodies. The apparatus according to the invention can be an integral part of a truck transporting a swap body, like tail lifts and hydraulic lifting arms. The equipment can also be a unit mounted on a separate frame, which is powered by, for example, the electrical network or another external power source. Since the method according to the invention utilizes primarily the structural components of the railway car and the body of the swap body 3 82420, the structure of the equipment can be implemented at low cost compared to known equipment.

In the following, the invention will be explained in detail with reference to the accompanying drawing.

Figure 1 shows a top view of a train carriage loaded with e.g. replacement basket, and the apparatus according to the invention brought to its side.

Figure 2 is a side view of the swap body and the container 10 thereon.

Figure 3 shows a section of a replacement basket in a train carriage in the preliminary stage of the method according to the invention.

Figure 4 shows the replacement basket in the carriage in a pedal position as seen from the end of the carriage.

Figure 5 shows a side view of a turntable according to the method of the invention.

Fig. 6 shows the same as Fig. 3, but at the stage when the replacement basket is in the raised position.

Fig. 7 shows the same as Fig. 6 but at the stage when the exchange basket 20 is lowered onto the turntable pushed under it.

Figure 8 shows the same as Figure 5 but seen from the end.

In Fig. 1, an exchange-25 body 2 known per se is loaded on the train carriage 1, which rests on the deck of the carriage 1 on its rails 3. Chains and other known mourning means can be used for securing during transport. The carriage 1 can also have other cargo 4. It is essential that there is a free space between the swap body 2 and the other load 4 or the end of the carriage by a dimension d, which dimension d is in practice preferably 10-15% of the length of the swap body 2. The swap body 2 according to the method according to the invention has container corner pieces 6 and / or forklift pockets 5 at the positions defined by the standard. From the point of view of the method according to the invention, other openings or parts of the rails 3 implemented for this purpose can also be used instead. Fig. 2 shows a swap body 2 'and a container 7 connected to it via angles, as is known per se. Fig. 1 shows a lifting and turning device 9 according to the invention, connected by known mechanisms and connected to an external power unit device 8 outlined by a dotted line. power arm-mounted lifting arms 10, preferably of telescopic construction 5, in two pieces, and between them a separately controlled turntable 11 implemented by known technology. A preferred distance between the lifting arms 10 corresponds to the distance of the truck pockets 5 of the swap body 2. The dimensions of the lifting arms 10 are chosen so that they can be pushed through the truck pockets 5 of the swap body 2 according to Fig. 3 10. The telescopic extension 12 of the lifting arm 10 comprises a cover stop 13. According to Fig. 6, the cover stop 13 is made movable relative to the lifting extension 12, e.g. via hydraulic cylinders 14. When the cylinders 14 push the cover stop 13 against the cover of the carriage 1, the lifting extension 12 rises until it corresponds to the top of the truck pockets 5. After this step, the replacement basket 2 rises from the deck of the carriage 1. The lifting control and the adaptive movements of the device 8 are controlled by known technology, e.g. by hydraulic valve control, from a list of control panels 20 known per se belonging to the device 8. The dimensions, fastening and co-operation of the cylinders 14 are chosen so as to ensure a steady rise of the replacement basket 2 to a suitable height from the cover of the carriage 1. In the previously described step of lifting the cylinders 14, the holders 15 associated with the lifting arms 10 are opened, which release the turntable 11 25 from the connection of the lifting arms 10 to the cover of the carriage 1. Further, the pushers 16 associated with the lifting arms 10 push the turntable 11 between the lifting arms 10 and their extensions 12, 13, 14 to a suitable position under the rails 3 of the swap body as shown in Fig. 7. The height of the turntable 11 and the push length of the cylinders 14 30 are thus coordinated so that the turntable can be easily pushed into its position described above. The device 8 on the turntable 11 may also have its own mechanisms and controls 19 known per se, which are expediently brought into cooperation with the controls 18 of the lifting arm 10 35. The extensions 12, 13 and 14 of the lifting arm 10 can also be implemented as a double structure so that the stops 13 are arranged symmetrically outside the rails 3. This improves the stability of the lift. In addition to the direct use of the cylinders 14, lifting can be performed e.g. with various scissor techniques, 5 82420 air springs, etc. Apart from lifting through forklift pockets 5 or the like, the method can also be implemented by utilizing e.g. the corner pieces 6 of the swap body, whereby the lifting 5 of the container corner pieces 6

When the exchange basket 2 has been raised from the cover of the carriage 1 as described above and a turntable 11 has been placed under it, the exchange basket 2 is lowered, whereby the rails 3 correspond to the rail stops 17 of the turntable 11 according to Fig. 7. The cylinders 14 are pulled 10 to their original position and the lifting arms 10 with their extensions are pulled out of the truck pockets 5 or the like. Now the replacement basket 2 can be turned to a transverse position with respect to the carriage 1 according to Fig. 4. Thereafter, the swap body 2 can be pulled on, as is known per se, on a device 8 ', e.g. a truck, provided with swap body handling equipment. Traction is facilitated by lockable rollers 20 in the rail stops of the turntable 11, which at the same time thus prevent the turntable 11 from moving on the deck of the carriage 1. Instead of rollers, the rail stops 17 can also be provided with other known means for reducing traction friction and preventing the sliding or pushing table 11 from slipping on the cover of the carriage 1. Of course, chain securing or the like can also be used for said task. The rollers 20 can also be implemented, for example, hydraulically controllable in the direction of rotation. Fig. 5 shows a ta-I "25 break in which the turntable 11 is constantly connected to the power systems of the device 8,8 'by a flexible joint 21 containing, among other things, electric cables, hydraulic and pneumatic conductors, etc. In this case, the turntable 11 The direction of rotation and locking of the rotation table 20 can be controlled by means of sensing controls per se in the device 8.8 'Figure 5 shows a turntable 11 of a basic structure known per se, in which the rail stops 17 are provided with rollers 20 which can be rotated and locked. is provided at each end with one or more wheels 22 mounted radially with respect to the pivot center, which facilitate pushing, pivoting and stabilizing it, said wheels 22 being provided with known horizontal sensors, on the basis of which the the basket 2 can be moved by the rollers 20 6 82420 with such a weapon with respect to the turning center that the center of gravity of the replacement basket resting on the turntable 11 is as close as possible to the turning center. The wheels 22 can also be implemented, for example, hydraulically driven, in which case the swivel basket 2 or the empty swivel table leading to the turntable 11 can be made from an external control device. The turning force can also be implemented from a hydraulic motor placed on the hub of the table. The translation can be carried out in a number of other ways known per se and in a simpler way.

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Loading of the swap body 2 from the carriage 1 to a device with a swap body, e.g. a truck, 8 'takes place as follows: - According to Figure 1, the apparatus 9 according to the invention is brought to the side of the carriage 1 by an external device 8,8', e.g. swap body handling equipment. The apparatus 9 is placed in such a position relative to the replacement basket 2 on the cover of the carriage 1 that the lifting arms 10 with their extensions can be pushed through the openings of the truck pockets 5 of the rails 3 expediently. At this point, the pivot-20 table 11 corresponds to the cover of the carriage 1 or is parallel to the cover.

- By means of the cylinders 14, according to Fig. 6, the cover stop 13 is pressed against the cover of the carriage 1, the lifting extension corresponds to the upper surface of the truck pockets 5 and lifts the replacement basket 2 to such a height. 25 that the turntable 11 released by the holders 15 can be pushed by the pushers 16 under the rails 3 into a suitable position.

- According to Fig. 7, utilizing the cylinders 14, the cover stops 13 are pulled to their initial position in connection with the lifting extensions 12.

The replacement basket 2 lowers until the lower surface of the rails 3 corresponds to the rail stops 17 of the turntable 11. The lifting arms 10 with their extensions are pulled out of the truck pockets and the further measures are turned to the unobstructed position.

- If the turntable is equipped with, for example, 22 weight-35 sensors, the position of the 2 center of gravity of the swap body in the longitudinal direction is checked. Based on this information, and utilizing the controlled rotation of the rollers 20, the exchange basket 2 is driven to a length position such that the center of gravity is above the pivot center of the turntable.

li 7 82420 - The swivel basket 2 is turned to the transverse position in the carriage 1 according to Fig. 4. The turning can take place either by utilizing the wheels 22 as previously described or in another way.

- Drive the onward transport vehicle 8 'to such a position under the change-over wheel 5 that the rails 3 correspond to the counterparts of the onward transport vehicle when they are adjusted in height, as is known per se.

- Utilizing the swap body handling devices provided by the on-board transport vehicle 8 ', the swap body 2 10 is pulled onto the on-board transport vehicle and secured in position as is known per se.

- The turntable 11 is turned to its original position and, by means known per se, it is fastened between the turntables 10 to the holders 15. The lifting and turning device 9 is placed in its position during transport.

- The swap body 2 is moved forward as appropriate. Wagon 1 is awaiting further processing in the form of a new load, which can be any transport suitable for an open wagon.

Loading the carriage 1 with the swap body 2 has a substantially inverse function to the above: placing the turntable in the appropriate position in the carriage 1, swiveling as an extension of the car bringing the swap body, pulling the swap body

The apparatus 9 according to the invention can also be considered to be divided between two different operating devices, so that e.g. the turntable 11 with its controls 19 is an accessory for a swap body vehicle like a tail lift and that the equipment 12,13,14,10,18 or similar for handling the swap body 2 the second lifting system known per se carrying out the operation is housed in a second, independently movable drive device. In this case, e.g. The lifting of the exchange basket 2 from the container corners 6 to place the turntable 11 becomes very useful. The lifting arms 10 with their extensions could be replaced by four working cylinders placed in container corners, the counter plate corresponding to the lid of the carriage 1 being appropriately selected. The cylinders would be left in one or more simple drive units or would be hand pump operated. In this case, truck pockets 5 or similar openings in the rails 3 would also not be required.

The dimension d shown in Fig. 1 also makes it possible to turn the swap body 2 in a wagon 1 loaded with other loads. The invention described above brings a completely new efficiency to the use of wagons, as it allows the simultaneous transport of other 10 loads in addition to or onwards in conventional and substantially open wagons.

In the method described above, the stability during loading is always better than on the other side of the carriage of the known car diagonal loading system, in which the center of gravity of the car is always located on the side of the turntable. In the method under consideration, the center of gravity is on the pivot center and the swap body is also supported on the onward transport vehicle throughout the transfer, as shown in Fig. 4.

Of course, the method under consideration also requires free working space 20 on the side opposite to the loading of the carriage. Examining the space requirements and equipment requirements of current methods and practices, it can be concluded that space requirements are not a problem in smaller and less trafficked yards, which on the other hand today are not even able to properly and swap bodies. 25 to safely handle. In large yards, the space requirements for driving ramps and cranes, etc., are substantially greater than the space requirements under consideration.

Incidentally, it should be noted that the invention has been described above with reference to only a few preferred embodiments thereof. However, it is not intended to limit the invention in any way to these examples, but many modifications are possible within the scope of the inventive idea defined by the following claims.

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Claims (5)

A method of loading elongated front rails, such as gearboxes (2), containers (7) loaded on gearboxes (21) or the like from a gearbox (81) in a tow truck (1) or unloading from the carriage (1) ), which tug 30 (1) is not provided with any fixed and during the rail transport of the gear basket (2) or similar accompanying supplementary devices or equipment for receiving and swinging the gear basket (2), which would restrict or obstruct use of said trolley (1) for other than handling or transporting '35 of gear baskets (2) or the like, characterized in that the tire of the trolley (1) is provided with per se;] known actuators (19) in a suitable position a particular swing table (11) on which, when in a *? substantially transverse position in relation to the longitudinal direction of the carriage (1) 11 82420, by means of a technique known per se, a gear basket (2) or the like is transferred from a vehicle (81) equipped with a gear basket (2) or the like. after the towing is swung parallel to the trolley (1) and is finally raised from the tire of the trolley by means of lifting devices (12,13,14,10) which support the gearbox (2) or similar frame structures (3,5,6 ) and abuts against the deck of the carriage (1), but does not in itself belong to the carriage, for removing the turntable (11) from the carriage (1). 10 2. Devices for loading elongated articles, such as gearboxes (2), gearboxes (2 ') loaded containers (7) and the like in and out of a tow truck (1), where the tow truck (1) does not exhibit any fixed and for receiving and pivoting gearboxes (2) or similarly designed additional devices or equipment which limit or obstruct the use of said trolley (1) for other than handling and transport of gearboxes (2) or the like, characterized in that devices (9) comprises a tile to one or more exterior, with a power unit (8,8 ') provided by swinging tables (11) known per se (18,19) and lifting devices (10,12,13,14) known per se by means of which lifting devices (10, 12, 13, 14) gear basket (2) or the like are purposefully raised from the deck of the trolley (1) for moving the pivot table (11) into the basket or removing it. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the position of the center of gravity of the gear basket (2) or the like to be drawn on the swing table (11) is measured with the sensor (22) known per se (22) and the gear basket (2). or the like, because of this information before the pivot, is moved to such a position on the pivot table (11) that the center of gravity of the gear basket (2) or the like is substantially above the pivot center of the pivot table (11). * 35 Method according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that the gear basket (2) drawn on the swing table (11) or the like is read in its position before the swing 12 82420 by means known per se (20) which is the swing table (11). structural parts. 5. A method according to claim 1, 3 or 4, characterized in that the movement of the gear basket (2) or the like relative to the pivot table (11) is facilitated by means of rollers (20) or the like arranged on the pivot table (11). II