DE1950669C3 - Process for the manufacture of nonwovens - Google Patents

Process for the manufacture of nonwovens

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Publication number
DE1950669C3
DE1950669C3 DE1950669A DE1950669A DE1950669C3 DE 1950669 C3 DE1950669 C3 DE 1950669C3 DE 1950669 A DE1950669 A DE 1950669A DE 1950669 A DE1950669 A DE 1950669A DE 1950669 C3 DE1950669 C3 DE 1950669C3
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
threads
thread
bundles
air
nozzle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
DE1950669A
Other languages
German (de)
Other versions
DE1950669A1 (en
DE1950669B2 (en
Inventor
Franz Josef Dr. 6000 Bergen Carduck
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GEA Group AG
Original Assignee
Metallgesellschaft AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Metallgesellschaft AG filed Critical Metallgesellschaft AG
Priority to DE1950669A priority Critical patent/DE1950669C3/en
Priority to DE19691966031 priority patent/DE1966031A1/en
Priority to US865128A priority patent/US3692618A/en
Priority to JP19247069A priority patent/JPS4828386B1/ja
Priority to FR7004806A priority patent/FR2032855A5/fr
Priority to IL33894A priority patent/IL33894A0/en
Priority to CH239370A priority patent/CH527310A/en
Priority to AT180470A priority patent/AT317408B/en
Priority to AU12004/70A priority patent/AU1200470A/en
Priority to NL7006394A priority patent/NL7006394A/xx
Priority to ES379169A priority patent/ES379169A1/en
Priority to ES380122A priority patent/ES380122A1/en
Priority to SU1468165A priority patent/SU372832A1/en
Priority to GB1297582D priority patent/GB1297582A/en
Priority to BE757138D priority patent/BE757138A/en
Priority to DE19702058690 priority patent/DE2058690A1/en
Publication of DE1950669A1 publication Critical patent/DE1950669A1/en
Priority to FR7142399A priority patent/FR2115418A2/en
Publication of DE1950669B2 publication Critical patent/DE1950669B2/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE1950669C3 publication Critical patent/DE1950669C3/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/14—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers
    • B32B37/144—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers using layers with different mechanical or chemical conditions or properties, e.g. layers with different thermal shrinkage, layers under tension during bonding
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/02—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
    • D04H3/16—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between thermoplastic filaments produced in association with filament formation, e.g. immediately following extrusion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/718—Weight, e.g. weight per square meter
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2309/00—Parameters for the laminating or treatment process; Apparatus details
    • B32B2309/02—Temperature
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
    • B32B38/18—Handling of layers or the laminate
    • B32B38/1875—Tensioning
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/26—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component, the element or component having a specified physical dimension
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/27—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component, the element or component having a specified weight per unit area [e.g., gms/sq cm, lbs/sq ft, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/681—Spun-bonded nonwoven fabric

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Fadenvlies durch Ausspinnen einer Vielzahl von Endlosfäden aus synthetischem Polymerisat, Zusammenfassen der die Spinndüse verlassenden Fäden zu mehreren Bündeln, Verstrecken und Abziehen der Fäden mit hoher Geschwindigkeit, Ablegen derselben auf eine luftdurchlässige Unterlage in überlappenden Bändern in Form von aus im wesentlichen parallelen Einzelfäden kleiner Anzahl bestehenden Unterbündeln, die gegenseitig beliebig orientierte Schleifen bilden.The invention relates to a method for producing a thread fleece by spinning out a plurality of Continuous filaments made of synthetic polymer, combining the filaments leaving the spinneret several bundles, drawing and drawing off the threads at high speed, laying them down on an air-permeable base in overlapping bands in the form of essentially parallel Individual threads with a small number of existing sub-bundles that mutually form loops that are oriented in any direction.

In der NL-OS 67 17 460 wird ein solches Verfahren beschrieben, wobei jedoch über Einzelheiten der zu verwendenden Düsenkonstruktion nichts ausgesagt wird. Der Düse kommt beim erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren aber die ausschlaggebende Bedeutung zu.In NL-OS 67 17 460 such a method described, but nothing is said about details of the nozzle construction to be used will. In the process according to the invention, however, the nozzle is of crucial importance.

Die Erfindung ist ein Zusatz zur Erfindung des Patents 17 85 158.The invention is an addition to the invention of patent 17 85 158.

In den US-Patenten 33 38 992 und 33 41 394 wird vorgeschlagen, die Nachteile der Zusammenfassung der Fäden zu seilartigen Strukturen dadurch zu vermeiden, daß auf die abzulegenden Fäden eine gleichnamige elektrostatische Udung aufgebracht wird, die sie voneinander abstößt, so daß jeder einzelne Faden getrennt vom anderen und unter Vermeidung parallel verlaufender Bündel in das Vlies eingeht Hier wird versucht, eine größere Gleichförmigkeit durch eine völlig wirre Verteilung und eine Vermeidung von Parallelität der Einzelfäden zu erreichen. Bei diesem Verfahren müssen die Fäden elektrostatisch aufgeladen werden, was schwierig und störungsanfällig ist. Auch werden dadurch die Fertigungsgeschwindigkeiten eingeschränkt, und die Vliese erreichen nicht die Festigkeit von Vliesen mit parallel verlaufenden Fadenbündeln.In US Patents 33 38 992 and 33 41 394 is proposed to avoid the disadvantages of combining the threads into rope-like structures by that an electrostatic discharge of the same name is applied to the threads to be laid down, which they repel each other so that each individual thread is separate from the other and parallel to avoidance running bundle enters the fleece Here an attempt is made to achieve greater uniformity by means of a to achieve completely confused distribution and avoidance of parallelism of the individual threads. With this one In the process, the threads have to be charged electrostatically, which is difficult and prone to failure. Even the production speeds are limited as a result, and the nonwovens do not achieve the strength of fleece with parallel bundles of threads.

In einem anderen bekannten Verfahren (US-Patentschrift 34 02 227) wurden die Faden nach dem Spinnen mit größter Geschwindigkeit durch eine Luftdüse geschickt, um sie abzuziehen, zu verstrecken und als wirres Vlies auf ein in Bewegung befindliches BandIn another known process (US Pat. No. 34 02 227) the threads were after spinning sent through an air nozzle at maximum speed in order to peel them off, stretch them and as tangled fleece on a moving belt abzulegen. Um ein Vlies in praktisch nutzbarer Breite zu produzieren, wurden nebeneinanderliegende Einzelbahnen aus einer Anzahl von Luftdüsen heraus abgelegt. Dabei wurden diese Luftdüsen nacheinander über dieto discard. To get a fleece in a practically usable width produce, adjacent individual webs were deposited from a number of air nozzles. These air nozzles were successively over the ganze Breite des Ablage-Förderbandes schräg versetzt angeordnet, um eine Überlappung der von den Düsen überstrichenen Einzelbahnen zu erreichen. Dadurch trat jedoch eine Schichtung oder Schichtbildung im Vlies ein, weil die Fäden der Nachbarbahn erst dann abgelegtentire width of the delivery conveyor belt offset at an angle arranged in order to achieve an overlap of the individual webs swept by the nozzles. This stepped However, a layering or layer formation in the fleece, because the threads of the neighboring web are only then deposited

ίο wurden, wenn die eine Bahn bereits fertig abgelegt war.ίο were when the one lane was already finished.

Dadurch konnten sich die Fäden benachbarter BahnenThis allowed the threads of adjacent webs to move

nicht durchdringen, was sich nachteilig auf diedoes not penetrate what is detrimental to the

Vliesfestigkeit auswirkte.Fleece strength. Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist daher dieThe object of the present invention is therefore

is Schaffung eines Verfahrens, das die bisherigen Nachteile vermeidet und die Herstellung eines Endlosfadenvlieses aus synthetischem Polymerisat bei möglichst hohen Fertigungsgeschwindigkeiten erlaubt, dabei die Gleichmäßigkeit der Vlies-Eigenschaften gewährleistet undis creation of a process that avoids the previous disadvantages and the production of a continuous thread fleece from synthetic polymer at the highest possible Production speeds allowed, while ensuring the uniformity of the fleece properties and ein Verzwirnen der Fäden miteinander vermeidetavoids twisting the threads with one another

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch das Verfahren des Patentanspruchs gelöst. Das erzeugte Vlies zeichnet sich durch große Dicke und Gleichmäßigkeit gegenüber bisher bekannten Vliesen aus. BeimAccording to the invention, this object is achieved by the method of claim. That generated Fleece is characterized by its great thickness and uniformity compared to previously known fleece. At the

erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren wird eine Vliesbahn durch das gleichzeitige Verspinnen einer Vielzahl von Endlosfäden aus synthetischem Polymerisat hergestellt Das Spinnen erfaßt in der üblichen Weise aus der Schmelze, wobei z. B. die Schmelze des Polymerisats ausThe method according to the invention is a nonwoven web by the simultaneous spinning of a plurality of Continuous filaments made from synthetic polymer. The spinning gathers in the usual way from the Melt, where z. B. the melt of the polymer einer Vielzahl nach unten gerichteter und vorzugsweise in einer oder mehreren Reihen angeordneter Spinndüsen extrudiert wird. Während des Spinnens werden die Fäden zu in einer geradlinigen Reihe nebeneinander und in gleichmäßigem Abstand voneinander laufenden.a variety of downward and preferably is extruded in one or more rows of arranged spinnerets. During the spinning, the Threads running in a straight row next to each other and evenly spaced from each other.

•35 nichtgedrehten Bündeln mit mindestens 15, vorzugsweise aber 50 bis 150 Fäden, zusammengefaßt Jedes dieser Bündel wird gleichzeitig mit einer Geschwindigkeit von mindestens 3000 m/min, vorzugsweise 3500 bis 8000 m/ min, in mit Überschallgeschwindigkeit laufenden Gas• 35 untwisted bundles with at least 15, but preferably 50 to 150 threads, combined each of these Bundle is simultaneously at a speed of at least 3000 m / min, preferably 3500 to 8000 m / min, in gas running at supersonic speed strahlen nach unten abgezogen urd dabei so gerichtet, daß es auf eine wesentlich waagerechte Ablage aufschlägt. Das Zusammenfassen der Fäden zu Bündeln, ihr Abzug und ihr Aufschlagen auf das Abzugsband erfolgt dadurch, daß man jedes Bündel durch je einerays drawn downwards and directed so that they hit a substantially horizontal shelf. The gathering of the threads into bundles, their withdrawal and their impact on the withdrawal belt is done by passing each bundle through one

Abzugsdüse schickt, in welcher die Fäden mit einem Luftstrahl umhüllt werden, der mit Überschallgeschwindigkeit nach unten schießt Die Abzugsdüsen sind über der Ablage in gerader, senkrecht zur Bewegungsrichtung der Ablage ausgerichteter Reihe angeordnet, soSends a draw-off nozzle, in which the threads with a Air jet that shoots down at supersonic speed The exhaust nozzles are over the shelf arranged in a straight row aligned perpendicular to the direction of movement of the shelf, so

so daß die im Gasstrahl eingeschlossenen Bündel beim Aufschlagen auf das in Bewegung befindliche Ablageband sich in einer Linie bzw. Reihe rechtwinklig zur Transportrichtung der Ablage erstrecken. Die Ablage kann eine übliche Ablage sein, wie sie in derso that the bundles enclosed in the gas jet when hitting the moving depositing belt are in a line or row at right angles to Extend the transport direction of the shelf. The shelf can be a conventional shelf, as in the Vliestechnik Verwendung rindet, z. B. ein als Endlosband ausgebildetes Siebband oder eine Siebtrommel.Non-woven technology use bark, z. B. a sieve belt designed as an endless belt or a sieve drum.

Die aus einer Anzahl parallellaufender Fäden bestehenden Fadenbündel werden auf die Ablage in schleifenförmiger Anordnung abgelegt, wobei dieThe thread bundles consisting of a number of parallel threads are placed on the shelf in Filed loop-shaped arrangement, the

primären Schlaufen sich über die ganze Breite einer Einzelbahn, wie sie durch das Aufschlagen des Luftstrahls aus einer einzigen Luftdüse definiert wird, hin und her erstrecken. Vor und bei Aufschlagen auf die Ablage werden parallellaufende Fadenbündel in Unter-primary loops extend over the entire width of a single strip, as they are caused by the opening of the Air jet defined by a single air nozzle, extend back and forth. Before and when the Parallel thread bundles are placed in lower

bündel aufgespalten, die nur eine geringe Anzahl parallellaufender Fäden aufweisen und sekundäre, also kleinere Schleifen und Schlingen bilden, die nicht nur einander, sondern auch die benachbarten Einzelbahnensplit up bundles that have only a small number of parallel threads and secondary ones, that is Smaller loops and loops form not only one another, but also the neighboring individual tracks

überlappen und damit eine im wesentlichen völlige Vermischung mit den überlappenden Teilen der benachbarten Einzelbahnen erzielen. Die abgelegten Fadenbündel bilden dann ein gleichmäßiges Endlosfadenvlies, das durch Verdichten, Heißsiegeln, Nadeln oder Behandeln mit einem Bindemittel, wie z. B. Latex oder mit sonstigen in der Vliestechnik bekannten Behandlungsmethoden verfestigt und stabilisiert werden kann.overlap and thus an essentially complete mixing with the overlapping parts of the Achieve adjacent individual tracks. The deposited thread bundles then form a uniform continuous thread fleece, by compacting, heat sealing, needling or treating with a binder, such as. B. latex or solidified and stabilized with other treatment methods known in non-woven technology can.

Die in der vorliegenden Erfindung entstehenden ι ο Fäden sind orientierte, kristalline oder kristallisierbare Fäden aus jedem thermoplastischen Polymerisat, das das Verspinnen aus der Schmelze erlaubt, z. B. Polypropylen, Polyamid und Polyester.The ι ο threads produced in the present invention are oriented, crystalline or crystallizable Threads made from any thermoplastic polymer that allows melt spinning, e.g. B. Polypropylene, polyamide and polyester.

Im folgenden werden Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung im Zusammenhang mit den Zeichnungen näher beschrieben. Es zeigtIn the following, exemplary embodiments of the invention are described in conjunction with the drawings described in more detail. It shows

F i g. 1 eine schematische Darstellung der Vliesherstellung gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung,F i g. 1 a schematic representation of the nonwoven production according to the present invention,

F i g. 2a die schematische Darstellung der Feinstruktür von abgelegten Unterbündeln, in die das Fadenbündel aufgeteilt ist,F i g. 2a shows the schematic representation of the fine structure door of deposited sub-bundles into which the thread bundle is divided,

F i g. 2b die Wiedergabe einer Mikrofotografie einer gemäß der Erfindung hergestellten Vliesbahn mit den Verbindungspunkten zwischen den Unterbündeln,F i g. 2b the reproduction of a photomicrograph of a nonwoven web produced according to the invention with the connection points between the sub-bundles,

F i g. 3 ein Beispiel einer Luft- oder Abzugsdüse nach Patent 17 85 158 im QuerschnittF i g. 3 shows an example of an air or extraction nozzle according to patent 17 85 158 in cross section

Entsprechend F i g. 1 wird thermoplastisches Material in den Extruder 100 eingeführt, geschmolzen und extrudiert Angetrieben wird der Extruder durch einen Motor 101. Das extrudierte Material wird mittels einer Pumpe 103 in die Vielloch-Spinndüse 110 gepumpt Die sich bildenden Fäden werden durch eine Düse 12t abgezogen, die durch die Einlasse 22a ständig mit unter Druck stehender Luft gespeist wird. In der Abzugsdüse 121 fließt das Druckgas im wesentlichen parallel zu den aus dem Führungsrohr austretenden Fäden, ohne auf sie aufzutreffen, so daß sie sich nicht vermischen, sondern völlig getrennt voneinander fließen. Genauer gesagt, fließt das Druckgas so, daß die Fäden sich spreizen und Unterbündel mit ebenfalls im wesentlichen parallel verlaufenden Fäden bilden. Die so gebildeten Unterbündel schlagen dann auf das Ablageförderband 131 auf, das sich auf Rollen 141 bewegt. Zwischen dem Ausgang der Düse 121 und der Ablage 131 befindet sich ein Leitblech 104. Unter dem Ablageband ist eine Absaugkammer 105 angeordnet, in der die auf die Ablege 131 geblasene Luft mindestens zum Teil abgesaugt wird. Das Leitblech 104 ist ein Teil der Absaugkammer und verbessert deren Absaugwirkung. Nach der Ablage durchläuft das Vlies das Druckwalzenpaar 151.According to FIG. 1, thermoplastic material is introduced into the extruder 100, melted and extruded . The extruder is driven by a motor 101. The extruded material is pumped into the multi-hole spinneret 110 by means of a pump 103. The threads that are formed are drawn off through a nozzle 12t, which is passed through the inlets 22a is continuously fed with pressurized air. In the draw-off nozzle 121 , the compressed gas flows essentially parallel to the threads emerging from the guide tube, without hitting them, so that they do not mix, but rather flow completely separately from one another. More precisely, the pressurized gas flows in such a way that the threads spread apart and form sub-bundles with threads likewise running essentially in parallel. The sub-bundles thus formed then strike the depositing conveyor belt 131, which moves on rollers 141 . A guide plate 104 is located between the outlet of the nozzle 121 and the tray 131. A suction chamber 105 is arranged below the tray belt, in which the air blown onto the tray 131 is at least partially sucked off. The guide plate 104 is part of the suction chamber and improves its suction effect. After being deposited, the fleece runs through the pair of pressure rollers 151.

Die Spinnvorrichtung kann einen Faden mit einer Geschwindigkeit von OJ bis 15 g pro Düse pro Minute herstellen. Eine zweckmäßige Ausrüstung umfaßt eine Anzahl nach unten gerichteter Spinndüsen, die geschmolzenes Polymerisat extrudieren und die gewünschten Fäden formen. Die Spinndüsen sind zweckmäßig in einer oder mehreren Reihen parallel zur Luftdüsenbank angeordnet die j ich in einer Reihe quer über die in Bewegung befindliche Ablage 131 erstrekken. Wahlweise produziert jede Vielloch-Spinndüse 110 mindestens eine ausreichende Anzahl von Fäden für je eine Abzugs- und Luftdüse, d.h. mindestens 15 und vorzugsweise 50 bis 150 Fäden, obgleich es üblicher ist, daß eine einzige Vielloch-Spinndüse eine Vielzahl von AbzugsdOsen 121 beliefert So können z. B. Spinndüsen mit 200 bis 1000 Austrittsöffnungen verwendet werden.The spinning device can produce a filament at a rate of OJ to 15 grams per nozzle per minute. Useful equipment includes a number of downwardly directed spinnerets which extrude molten polymer and form the desired filaments. The spinnerets are expediently arranged in one or more rows parallel to the bank of air nozzles, which extend in a row across the tray 131 which is in motion. Optionally, each multi-hole spinneret 110 produces at least a sufficient number of filaments for each a haul and air nozzle, ie at least 15 and preferably 50 to 150 threads, although it is more common for a single multi-hole spinneret to supply a plurality of haul nozzles 121 z. B. spinnerets with 200 to 1000 orifices can be used.

Die Spinndüsenau?!tittsöffnungen haben Durchmesser von 0,1 bis 1,5 mm, vorzugsweise von 0,3 bis 1,2 mm, um typische Fadengrößen zu produzieren. Der Durchsatz flüssigen Polymerisats beträgt im allgemeinen 0,5 bis 1,5 g/min pro Austrittsöffnung, Die Spinntemperatur beträgt üblicherweise 250 bis 350" C, die sich nach dem Polymerisat richtet, das extrudiert wird Die extrudierten Fäden werden mit Kühlluft gekühltThe spinneret openings have diameters from 0.1 to 1.5 mm, preferably from 0.3 to 1.2 mm, to produce typical thread sizes. The throughput of liquid polymer is generally 0.5 up to 1.5 g / min per outlet opening, the spinning temperature is usually 250 to 350 "C, which depends on the Polymerisat that is extruded The extruded Threads are cooled with cooling air

Die in der Spinnmaschine produzierten Fäden werden vorzugsweise auf eine Dicke von etwa 10 bis 50 Mikron, also im Textildenierbereich, verstreckt Die Fäden können z. B. einen Titer zwischen etwa 1 und 20 Denier haben, obwohl Fäden mit niedrigerem oder höherem Titer je nach gewünschtem Endprodukt verwendet werden können. So würde man zur Bildung eines Vlieses für die Herstellung eines textilartigen Folienmaterials Fäden mit einem Denier von 1 bis 10, für die Herstellung eines papierartigen Folienmaterials jedoch Fäden mit einem Denier von 3 bis 12 verwenden. Für dickere Erzeugnisse, wie z. B. Teppichunterlagen, finden dickere Fäden mit einem Titer von 5 bis 20 Verwendung. Die verstreckten Fäden haben im allgemeinen eine Bruch- bzw. 7r;.-reißdehnung über 80% und Zug- bzw. Zerreißfcstigkei·. über 24 g/den, d. h. von 3 bis 7 g/den.The threads produced in the spinning machine are preferably cut to a thickness of about 10 to 50 microns, i.e. in the textile design area, stretched die Threads can e.g. B. have a titer between about 1 and 20 denier, although threads with lower or higher titer can be used depending on the desired end product. This is how you would go to education a fleece for the production of a textile-like Film material threads with a denier of 1 to 10, for however, making a paper-like sheet material use 3 to 12 denier filaments. For thicker products, such as B. carpet underlayment, find thicker threads with a titer of 5 to 20 Use. The drawn threads generally have an elongation at break or 7r; .- elongation at break 80% and tensile strength or tensile strength. over 24 g / den, d. H. from 3 to 7 g / den.

Die so gesponnenen Fäden werden zu einer geradlinigen Reihe nebeneinanderliegender Bündel mit mindestens je 15 Fäden, vorzugsweise jedoch 50 bis 150 Fäden, zusammengefaßt in einer Luft- oder Abzugdüse gemäß F i g. 3 verstreckt und mit hohen Geschwindigkeiten von mindestens 3000 bis 8000 m/min abgezogen. Die für diesen Zweck verwendbaren Luftdüsen sind Expansions- bzw. Abzugsdüsen. Eine solche Luftdüse besitzt einen Düsenteil, durch deren Hals primäre Druckluft gleichmäßig mit Oberschallgeschwindigkeit in eine nach außen divergierende Expansionskammer expandiert wird. Ein Führungsrohr für Fäden und sekundäre Saugluft erstreckt sich zentral durch den Hals und die Expansionskammer bis zu einem Abzugsrohr mit konstantem Durchmesser. Die primäre Druckluft fließt im wesentlichen parallel zu den aus dem Führungsrohr austretenden Fäden, ohne sie zu treffen, d. h. ohne daß ein Vermischen und Verdrallen der Fäden stattfindet Sie fließt vielmehr so, daß ein guter Abstand eingehalten und vorzugsweise eine Ausdehnung der Bündel und eine Unterteilung in Unterbündel mit parallel verlaufenden Fäden ermöglicht wird. Damit wird im wesentlichen Parallelität zwischen den Fäden innerhalb des aus dem Abzugsrohr austretenden Fadenbündels erreicht.The threads spun in this way become a straight line of juxtaposed bundles with at least 15 threads each, but preferably 50 to 150 Threads, combined in an air or exhaust nozzle according to FIG. 3 stretched and at high speeds deducted from at least 3000 to 8000 m / min. The air nozzles that can be used for this purpose are Expansion or extraction nozzles. Such an air nozzle has a nozzle part through the neck of which is primary Compressed air evenly with upper sonic speed into an outwardly diverging expansion chamber is expanded. A guide tube for sutures and secondary suction extends centrally through the neck and the expansion chamber to a constant diameter exhaust pipe. The primary compressed air flows essentially parallel to the threads emerging from the guide tube without hitting them, d. H. without the threads being mixed or twisted. Rather, it flows in such a way that there is a good spacing adhered to and preferably an expansion of the bundle and a subdivision into sub-bundles with parallel threads is made possible. This essentially creates parallelism between the threads reached within the thread bundle emerging from the draw-off tube.

Eine zweckmäßige Ausgestaltung einer Luft- oder Abzugsdüse, die Gegenstand des Hauptpatents ist, ist in F i g. 3 dargestellt Darin besteht die Luftdüse aus einem Oberteil 2, das in ein Unterteil 1 eingeschraubt ist. Das Oberteil 2 beherbergt den konischen Einfülltrichter 3 für die Fäden und die Sekundärluft, der in das Führungsrohr 4 mündet Diese konische Einlaßöffnung 3 hat einen Öffnungswinkel χ von 5 bis 15°, vorzugsweise 7 bis 11°, um bei der Getrennthaltung der Fäden während ihres Durchlaufs durch die Düse mitzuwirken. Die Höhe des Einlaßtrichters 3 darf nicht größer als der 40fache Innendurchmesser des Führungsrohrteils 4 sein. Gewöhnlich ist er nicht größer als der 10- bis 2Ofache Innendurchmesser des Rohres 4. Das Unterteil 1 des Luftdüsengerätes hat zwei ringförmige Bohrungen mit Lufteinlässen für die Zufuhr primärer Druckluft sowie eine ringförmige Verteilerkammer 12. Diese Verteilerkammer ist innen von senkrechten Innenwänden 13 begrenzt, die nach oben zu in eine abgerundete Kante 14 An expedient embodiment of an air or extraction nozzle, which is the subject of the main patent, is shown in FIG. 3, the air nozzle consists of an upper part 2 which is screwed into a lower part 1. The upper part 2 houses the conical funnel 3 for the threads and the secondary air, which opens into the guide tube 4. This conical inlet opening 3 has an opening angle χ of 5 to 15 °, preferably 7 to 11 °, in order to keep the threads separate during their passage to contribute through the nozzle. The height of the inlet funnel 3 must not be greater than 40 times the inner diameter of the guide tube part 4. Usually it is not larger than 10 to 20 times the inner diameter of the pipe 4. The lower part 1 of the air nozzle device has two annular bores with air inlets for the supply of primary compressed air and an annular distribution chamber 12. This distribution chamber is bounded on the inside by vertical inner walls 13, which according to at the top into a rounded edge 14

enden, die mit dem trichterförmigen Düsenhohlraum 15 verbunden ist, der sich nach innen zu bis zum engsten Punkt 16 im Hals verjüngt. Der Hohlraum vergrößert sich dann nach außen zur Expansionskammer 17 und endet in einem zylindrischen Abzugsrohr 18. Die konische Vergrößerung des Düsenhohlraumes 15 nach außen wird mit Winkel β gemessen. Dieser Winkel beträgt im allgemeinen 8 bis 20°, vorzugsweise jedoch 10 bis 15". Auf diese Weise bildet die Außenwand des Führungsrohres 4 mit der Expansionskammer bei Punkt 16 einen ringförmigen Hals, durch den hindurch die Druckluft bis auf Schallgeschwindigkeit beschleunigt und nach unten zur Expansionskammer 17 weitergeleitet wird. Der Öffnungswinkel des Düsentrichters 15 beträgt 20 bis 50°.end, which is connected to the funnel-shaped nozzle cavity 15, which tapers inwardly to the narrowest point 16 in the neck. The cavity then enlarges towards the outside towards the expansion chamber 17 and ends in a cylindrical exhaust pipe 18. The conical enlargement of the nozzle cavity 15 towards the outside is measured at an angle β. This angle is generally 8 to 20 °, but preferably 10 to 15 ". In this way, the outer wall of the guide tube 4 forms an annular neck with the expansion chamber at point 16 through which the compressed air accelerates to the speed of sound and down to the expansion chamber 17. The opening angle of the nozzle funnel 15 is 20 to 50 °.

Die ringförmige Fläche zwischen dem Ende des Führungsrohres 4 und dem Anfang des Abzugsrohres 18 (d.h. dem Ende der Expansionskammer 17) bildet den ringförmigen Querschnitt der fcxpansionszone. Das Ende des Führungsrohres befindet sich etwas unterhalb des Anfangs des Abzugsrohres 18, das von oben bis unten gleichmäßig zylindrisch ist.The annular surface between the end of the guide tube 4 and the beginning of the exhaust pipe 18 (i.e. the end of the expansion chamber 17) forms the annular cross-section of the expansion zone. That The end of the guide tube is located slightly below the beginning of the exhaust pipe 18, which extends from the top to is uniformly cylindrical at the bottom.

In der Düse wird ein winkeliges Aufschlagen des Druckgases auf die Fäden im allgemeinen durch eine zweckmäßige Konstruktion der Expansionskammer im Verhältnis zum Führungsrohr, aus dem die Fäden austreten, vermieden. Insbesondere soll der aus der Expansionskammer 17 kommende Treibmittelstrom keine Strömungskomponente zur Achse des Führungsrohres 4 hin besitzen, um ein Verzwirnen der abzuziehenden Fäden zu vermeiden. Das Druckmedium ist vorzugsweise Kalt- oder Warmluft, aber auch Dampf oder andere Medien können Verwendung finden. Allgemein beträgt der Eintrittsdruck des Druckgases 10 bis 50atü. Eine weitere Beschreibung zweckmäßiger Luftdüsen findet sich in der deutschen Offenlegungsschrift 17 85 158.In the nozzle, an angular impact of the pressurized gas on the threads is generally carried out by a expedient construction of the expansion chamber in relation to the guide tube from which the threads emerge, avoided. In particular, the propellant flow coming from the expansion chamber 17 should have no flow component to the axis of the guide tube 4 to prevent twisting of the to avoid threads to be pulled off. The pressure medium is preferably cold or warm air, but also steam or other media can be used. In general, the inlet pressure of the compressed gas is 10 up to 50atü. A further description of useful air nozzles can be found in German laid-open specification 17 85 158.

Ein Fadenbündel oder Unterbündel, das mit hohen Geschwindigkeiten gegen die Ablageoberfläche getrieben wird, spaltet sich in weitere kleinere Unterbündel, die dann zurückprallen und eine Wirbelschicht sich vet mischender Bündel und Unterbündel bilden, die dann abgelegt werden. An den Überlappungsstellen verketten sich Wirbelfäden benachbarter Luftdüsen wirksam zu einem endlosen, gleichmäßigen, ungeschichteten überlappenden Teil.A thread bundle or sub-bundle, which is driven at high speeds against the depositing surface, splits into further smaller sub-bundles, which then rebound and form a fluidized bed of merging bundles and sub-bundles, which then be filed. At the points of overlap, the vortex threads of adjacent air nozzles are effectively linked into an endless, uniform, unlayered overlapping part.

In Fig. 2a ist ein auf die Ablagefläche aufgeschlagenes Unterbündel a aus parallelen Einzelfäden gezeigt, welches sich in kleinere Bündel b aufgeteilt hat, und von dem ein Einzelfaden c für sich weiterläuft. Die Unterbündel bilden Schleifen und überkreuzen sich selbst, etwa im Bereich e, und/oder sie überkreuzen andere Fadenbündel. 2a shows a sub-bundle a of parallel individual threads which has been opened onto the storage surface and which has been divided into smaller bundles b , and from which a single thread c runs on by itself. The sub-bundles form loops and cross over themselves, for example in area e, and / or they cross other thread bundles.

Wenn die Vliesbahnen mit dieser Fadenstniktur durch Hitzebehandlung verfestigt worden sind, werden die Fadenbündel an den Fadenschnittpunkten der sich kreuzenden Fadenbündelschleifen zusammengeschweißt Die sich kreuzenden Fadenbündel verteilen sich über die Fläche des Faservlieses in einem isotropen Muster ohne Vorzugsrichtung. Dieser Fadenverlauf gewährleistet niedrige Dehnung, Formbeständigkeit und ungewöhnlich hohe Zerreißfestigkeit der Produkte gemäß vorliegendem Verfahren. Das Aussehen des verdichteten Fadenvlieses bzw. der Vliesfolie ist in Fig. 2b dargestellt, die eine Mikrofotografie eines solchen Fadenvliesmaterials gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung wiedergibt.When the nonwoven webs with this thread structure have been consolidated by heat treatment, are The thread bundles are welded together at the thread intersections of the intersecting thread bundle loops Distribute the intersecting thread bundles across the surface of the fiber fleece in an isotropic pattern with no preferred direction. This thread course ensures low elongation, dimensional stability and unusually high tensile strength of the products according to the present procedure. The appearance of the compressed thread fleece or the fleece film is in Fig. 2b shows a microphotograph of such a nonwoven thread material according to the present Invention reproduces.

Bei bekannten Verfahren (z.B. gemäß US-PatentIn known processes (e.g. according to US Pat

34 02 227) wird das Vlies aus Einzelbahnen gebildet, wobei jede Einzelbahn durch die Fäden einer der in Reihe angeordneten LuftdUsen gebildet wird. Die Luftdüsenreihe verläuft dabei in spitzem Winkel zur > Bewegungsrichtung der Ablagefläche. Es ist unvermeidlich, daß dabei eine Schichtung eintritt, da eine von einer einzigen Luftdüse abgelegte Einzelbahn bereits gelegt und vollständig ausgebildet ist, bevor der danach sich ausbildende überlappende Teil der benachbarten34 02 227), the fleece is formed from individual webs, with each individual web consisting of the threads of one of the in Air nozzles arranged in a row is formed. The row of air nozzles runs at an acute angle to the > Direction of movement of the shelf. It is inevitable that there will be stratification, as one of one single air nozzle deposited single web is already laid and fully formed before the afterwards forming overlapping part of the neighboring

to Einzelbahn aufgebracht wird. Im wesentlichen werden bei bekannten Verfahren innerhalb der Vliesstruktur zusammengelagerte Bereiche gebildet, in denen diese Zusammenlagerungen viel stärker als die Verknüpfungen zwischen den anliegenden Zusammenlagerungento single lane is applied. Essentially be formed in known methods within the fleece structure accumulated areas in which these Assemblies much stronger than the links between the adjacent assemblies

'■> sind, so daß die Festigkeit der Gesamtvliesbahn ungleichmäßig wird.'■> are, so that the strength of the overall nonwoven web becomes uneven.

Die vorliegende Erfindung vermeidet solche Schichtung dadurch, daß für eine gleichzeitige Bildung, verrnisciiüng üüu wucfiäppüng von ί*SGCritir.ICrCür!-The present invention avoids such stratification in that, for simultaneous formation, verrnisciiüng üüu wucfiäppüng from ί * SGCritir.ICrCür! -

-'" dein, Schleifen und Schlingen in den anliegenden abgelegten Einzelbahnen gesorgt wird.- '"yours, loops and loops in the adjoining stored single lanes is taken care of.

Aus diesem Grund sind die Abzugsdüsen in einer geraden, senkrecht zur Bewegungsrichtung der Vliesablage 131 ausgerichteten Reihe angeordnet. DabeiFor this reason, the draw-off nozzles are arranged in a straight row that is aligned perpendicular to the direction of movement of the fleece depositing device 131. Included

r. greifen die Luftkegel benachbarter Abzugsdüsen nach einigem Strömungsweg ineinander, so daß sich die mitgeführten Fäden bereits vor oder unmittelbar über der ACvege durchdringen können.r. the air cones of adjacent exhaust nozzles interlock after some flow path, so that the Entrained sutures can penetrate before or immediately above the ACvege.

w Beispiel 1 w example 1

Polypropylen-Granulat wurde in einem Extruder geschmolzen, der eine Schnecke mit einem Durchmesser von 45 mm und eine Länge hatte, die 28mal so groß war wie ihr Durchmesser. Das Polypropylen hatte einenPolypropylene granules were melted in an extruder which had a screw with a diameter of 45 mm and a length 28 times as large was like their diameter. The polypropylene had one

Ji kristallinen Schmelzbereich von 160 bis 164°C. eine Dichte von 0,906 g/cm1 und einen Schmel/index A bei 2300C von etwa 5 vor dem Extrudieren. Die Extrusion erfolgte unter einem Druck von 35 kg/cm2 und die Schmelze wies eine Temperatur von 3100C am AusgangJi crystalline melting range from 160 to 164 ° C. a density of 0.906 g / cm 1 and a melt / index A at 230 ° C. of about 5 before extrusion. The extrusion took place under a pressure of 35 kg / cm 2 and the melt had a temperature of 310 ° C. at the outlet

■•ο auf. Die Spinndüse besaß 300 Düsenaustritte. Der Durchsatz betrug 0,66 g pro Austritt und Minute. Die aus Spinndüse austretenden Polypropylenfäden wurden auf eine Temperatur unter 6O0C abgekühlt und in Bündeln von je 30 Einzelfäden aus zehn Luftdüsen■ • ο on. The spinneret had 300 nozzle outlets. The throughput was 0.66 g per outlet and minute. The emerging from spinneret polypropylene threads were cooled to a temperature below 6O 0 C and in bundles of 30 filaments of ten air nozzles

**> abgezogen, die in gleichmäßigem Abstand voneinander in einer Reihe quer zur Bewegungsrichtung des Förderbandes, das sich 13 m unterhalb der Düsen befand, angeordnet waren. Die Luftdüsen arbeiteten mit einem Druck von 22 Atm. Der Luftverbrauch betrug pro **> deducted, which were evenly spaced in a row across the direction of movement of the conveyor belt, which was 13 m below the nozzles. The air jets operated at a pressure of 22 atm. The air consumption was per Düse 30 m3 und Stunde. Die Abmessungen der Luftdüsen waren 2,0 mm 0 am Eintrittsre..r und 43 mm 0 am Austrittsrohr. Die Fäden wurden von einem Luftstrom mit einer Geschwindigkeit von etwa 520 m/sec durch die Luftdüsen gezogen. Die LuftdüsenNozzle 30 m 3 and hour. The dimensions of the air nozzles were 2.0 mm 0 on the inlet pipe and 43 mm 0 on the outlet pipe. The threads were drawn through the air nozzles by a stream of air at a speed of about 520 m / sec. The air nozzles pendelten mit einer Frequenz von 2 Hz. Die Abzugsgeschwindigkeit des vom Luftstrom mitgerissenen Fadens betrug 4000 m/min, was einen Titer von 13 den ergab. Die Festigkeit der Fäden mit 1,5 den betrug 43gAJen. Das Flächengewicht der abgelegten Vliesbahn betrugoscillated at a frequency of 2 Hz. The withdrawal speed of the thread carried along by the air stream was 4000 m / min, which resulted in a titer of 13 den. The strength of the 1.5 den threads was 43gAJen. The weight per unit area of the laid nonwoven web was 85 g/m2, was einer Durchsatzgeschwindigkeit von 103 kg/h entsprach. Das Ablage- und Förderband wurde mit einer Geschwindigkeit von etwa 3 m/min vorwärtsbewegt Die Endlosfäden wurden auf das sich in Bewegung befindliche Förderband in wirr überlap-85 g / m 2 , which corresponded to a throughput rate of 103 kg / h. The deposit and conveyor belt was moved forward at a speed of about 3 m / min.

penden Unterbündeln geblasen, die jeweils drei bis fünf im wesentlichen parallellaufende Fäden enthielten und eine Vliesbahn bildeten. Die so erzeugte Vliesbahn bestand aus einer Vielzahl seitlich nebeneinanderliegen-penden sub-bundles blown, three to five each contained essentially parallel threads and formed a nonwoven web. The nonwoven web produced in this way consisted of a large number of side by side

der Längs-Einzelbahnen aus Polypropylenfäden, die sich in Form kleiner Unterbündel mit im wesentlichen parallellaufenden Fäden in schleifenartiger Anordnung auf der Einzelbahn in einer Breite von 0,25 m bei einer Fadenlänge von 5 m hin und her verteilten und sich über einer Einzelbahn in schleifenförmiger Anordnung zu mehrfach überlappenden sekundären kleineren Schleifen und Schlingen verdichteten. Die anliegenden Ein,---!bahnen überlappten ohne Schichtung um jeweils 65 bis 70% ihrer Breite. Die Schleifen und Schlingen einer Einzelbahn vermischten sich vollständig mit denen anliegender Einzelbahnen. Das Flächeiigewichi eines Vliesbahnsegments wich vom Durchschnittsgewicht der gesamten Vliesbahn um höchstens 7% ab. Die so entstehende Vliesbahn hatte eine Breite von 70 cm und eine sehr gleichmaßige Struktur. Zur leichteren Handhabung der Vliesbahn wurde sie zwischen zwei Wal/en leicht gepreßt. Diese leicht verpreßte Vliesbahn wurde dann mit einer Geschwindigkeit von 3 m/min the longitudinal individual webs of polypropylene threads, which are distributed back and forth in the form of small sub-bundles with essentially parallel threads in a loop-like arrangement on the individual web in a width of 0.25 m with a thread length of 5 m and over a single web in a loop-shaped arrangement condensed into multiple overlapping secondary smaller loops and loops. The adjacent one-way lanes overlapped by 65 to 70% of their width without layering. The loops and loops of a single track were completely mixed with those of the adjoining single tracks. The areal weight of a nonwoven web segment deviated from the average weight of the entire nonwoven web by at most 7%. The resulting nonwoven web was 70 cm wide and had a very uniform structure. For easier handling of the nonwoven web, it was lightly pressed between two whales. This lightly compressed nonwoven web was then at a speed of 3 m / min

IA K ,,,,I ,Ur r:»i.'hu in,I,,-.Le,I /lot Λ Μ-,,,ηΚ.,η,Ι,., I IA K ,,,, I, Ur r: »i.'hu in, I ,, -. Le, I / lot Λ Μ - ,,, ηΚ., Η, Ι,., I

/wischen Band und Walze der Druckbandmaschine durchgezogen./ wipe the tape and roller of the printing tape machine pulled through.

Beispiel 2Example 2

N>lon h wurde in dem in Beispiel 1 beschrieber.cn !•Intruder geschmolzen. Die Viskosität des geschmolzenen Materials betrug 2.6 rel bei einer Temperatur von 2ΗΪ C. Der lAtruderdruck betrug 60 Atm. Die Vielloch-Spinndusc hatte 150 Dosenlocher mit einem Durchmesser von je O.f) mm. Der Durchsatz pro Dusenloch betrug 1.1 g/min. Die Nylonfäden wurden mit dem Luftstrahl um." den gleichen Betriebsbedingungen wie in Be. spiel 1 abgezogen. Die sich daraus ergebende Fadenali /upsgeschwindigkeit betrug 330Om min. was einem Titer von 3,0 den entspricht. Das Flächengewicht der abgelegten Vliesbahn betrug 350 g/m'.N> lon h was melted in the intruder described in example 1. The viscosity of the molten material was 2.6 rel at a temperature of 2ΗΪ C. The extruder pressure was 60 atm. The multi-hole spinneret had 150 can holes with a diameter of 15 mm each. The throughput per nozzle hole was 1.1 g / min. The nylon threads were pulled off with the air jet under the same operating conditions as in Example 1. The resulting thread speed was 330Om min., Which corresponds to a titer of 3.0 den. m '.

Beispiel 3Example 3

Ein Polyester mit einem Gehalt von 0.4 Gewichtspro zent an Titandioxid wurde in einem Extruder geschmolzen und wie folgt verarbeitet: A polyester with a content of 0.4 percent by weight of titanium dioxide was melted in an extruder and processed as follows:

Spinnbedingungen:Spinning Conditions:

ExtruderExtruder 45 mm 0;45 mm 0; Länge 126 cm (28 d)Length 126 cm (28 d) Vielloch-SpinndüseMulti-hole spinneret 300 Düsenaustritte 300 nozzle outlets SpinntemperaturSpinning temperature 275°C275 ° C Anzahl der LuftdüsenNumber of air nozzles 1010 DurchsatzThroughput 1.1 g pro Düsenaustritt 1.1 g per nozzle outlet und Minute and minute Fadenabzugsgeschwin-Thread take-off speed 4500 m/min4500 m / min rtiolf pitrtiolf pit
— -et- -et TiterTiter 2,2 Denier2.2 denier luftdruck für die Luft-air pressure for the air 25 Atm.25 atm. düsennozzles Innendurchmesser derInner diameter of the 2.5 mm2.5 mm l.uftdüsel. air nozzle Außendurchmesser derOutside diameter of 5,0 mm5.0 mm LuftdüseAir nozzle HächengewichtHook weight 100g/m-'100g / m- '

Die so erzeugte und abgelegte \ liesbahn wurde bei r.e- lemperatur um 102 C'und unter geringem Druck ιLK ersiegelt und auf herden Seilen geprägt.The \ thus generated and stored lies web was ersiegelt at re- lemperatur to 102 C 'and low pressure ιLK and embossed on herding ropes.

IKrzu 3 »hut /,:,I to 3 »hat /,:,

Claims (1)

Patentanspruch:Claim: Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Fadenvlieses durch Ausspinnen einer Vielzahl von Endlosfäden aus synthetischem Polymerisat, Zusammenfassen der die Spinndüse verlassenden Fäden zu mehreren Bündeln, Verstrecken und Abziehen der Fäden mit hoher Geschwindigkeit, Ablegen derselben auf eine luftdurchlässige Unterlage in überlappenden Bändern, in Form von aus im wesentlichen parallelen Einzelfäden kleiner Anzahl bestehenden Unterbündeln, die gegenseitig beliebig orientierte Schleifen bilden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Endlosfäden zu Fadenbündeln von je 15 bis 150 Fäden zusammengefaßt werden, daß jedes Fadenbündel in einer Runddüse nach Patent 17 85 158 geleitet wird, in der der ringförmige Treibmittelstrom auf Überschallgeschwindigkeit gebracht wird, daß die Fäden mit einer Geschwindigkeit von 3000 bis 8000 numin aus der Runddüse austreten, und daß mindestens 5 Fadenbünde! in einer geraden, senkrecht zur Bewegungsrichtung der Unterlage ausgerichteten Reihe parallel zueinander abgezogen werden, derart, daß die Fäden benachbarter Fadenbündel sich bereits vor oder unmittelbar über der Ablage durchdringen.Process for producing a nonwoven thread by spinning out a large number of continuous threads made of synthetic polymer, combining the threads leaving the spinneret into several Bundling, drawing and drawing off the threads at high speed, depositing them on one air-permeable pad in overlapping bands, in the form of essentially parallel Single threads with a small number of existing sub-bundles that loops that are mutually arbitrarily oriented form, characterized in that the continuous threads to thread bundles of 15 to 150 Threads are summarized that each thread bundle in a round nozzle according to patent 17 85 158 is conducted, in which the annular propellant flow is brought to supersonic speed, that the threads emerge from the round nozzle at a speed of 3000 to 8000 numin, and that at least 5 thread bundles! withdrawn in a straight, perpendicular to the direction of movement of the substrate aligned row parallel to each other be in such a way that the threads of adjacent thread bundles are already before or immediately above penetrate the shelf.
DE1950669A 1969-10-08 1969-10-08 Process for the manufacture of nonwovens Expired DE1950669C3 (en)

Priority Applications (17)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1950669A DE1950669C3 (en) 1969-10-08 1969-10-08 Process for the manufacture of nonwovens
DE19691966031 DE1966031A1 (en) 1969-10-08 1969-10-08 Continuous non-woven fabric
US865128A US3692618A (en) 1969-10-08 1969-10-09 Continuous filament nonwoven web
JP19247069A JPS4828386B1 (en) 1969-10-08 1969-12-30
FR7004806A FR2032855A5 (en) 1969-10-08 1970-02-11
IL33894A IL33894A0 (en) 1969-10-08 1970-02-13 Continuous filament non-woven web,process and apparatus for its production
CH239370A CH527310A (en) 1969-10-08 1970-02-18 Endless thread fleece
AT180470A AT317408B (en) 1969-10-08 1970-02-26 Continuous thread fleece and process for its manufacture
AU12004/70A AU1200470A (en) 1969-10-08 1970-03-02 Continuous filament non-woven web and process for producing the same
NL7006394A NL7006394A (en) 1969-10-08 1970-04-29
ES379169A ES379169A1 (en) 1969-10-08 1970-04-29 Continuous filament nonwoven web
ES380122A ES380122A1 (en) 1969-10-08 1970-05-27 Continuous filament nonwoven web
SU1468165A SU372832A1 (en) 1970-08-19 METHOD OF MANUFACTURING NONFILANT MATERIAL
GB1297582D GB1297582A (en) 1969-10-08 1970-09-21
BE757138D BE757138A (en) 1969-10-08 1970-10-06 NEW KIND OF ENDLESS FIBER
DE19702058690 DE2058690A1 (en) 1969-10-08 1970-11-28 Process for the production of random nonwovens with adjustable shrinkage behavior of the deposited threads
FR7142399A FR2115418A2 (en) 1969-10-08 1971-11-26 Random webs mfe - of polyester and polyamide fibres

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DE1950669A DE1950669C3 (en) 1969-10-08 1969-10-08 Process for the manufacture of nonwovens

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DE1950669B2 DE1950669B2 (en) 1973-05-24
DE1950669C3 true DE1950669C3 (en) 1982-05-13

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DE (1) DE1950669C3 (en)
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US3692618A (en) 1972-09-19
NL7006394A (en) 1971-04-14
BE757138A (en) 1971-03-16
AU1200470A (en) 1971-09-09
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GB1297582A (en) 1972-11-22
IL33894A0 (en) 1970-04-20
ES379169A1 (en) 1972-08-01
CH527310A (en) 1972-08-31
FR2032855A5 (en) 1970-11-27
AT317408B (en) 1974-08-26
JPS4828386B1 (en) 1973-08-31

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