DE102024124309A1 - Upper for a shoe with a microstructured surface - Google Patents

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to an upper (101, 201) for a shoe, in particular a sports shoe, comprising a ball contact area ( ₁₄₀ ) which includes a microstructured surface (150); a.) wherein the microstructured surface comprises a plurality of projections (151); b.) wherein the microstructured surface is configured to assist shooting and/or passing a ball by each projection (151) of the plurality of projections (151) being elastically bendable; c.) wherein each projection (151) of the plurality of projections (151) has the form of a column.

Description

1. Technical field

The present invention relates to an upper for a shoe, in particular for a sports shoe. In particular, the upper has a ball contact area with a microstructured surface to provide improved ball control when a wearer makes contact with a ball with their foot.

2. State of the art

A shoe, or footwear in general, is generally described as a combination of an upper and a sole. Typically, the upper covers areas such as the instep, toes, medial side, lateral side, and heel of the wearer's foot and provides an opening for the wearer to step into the footwear. The sole is attached to the upper in such a way that its top surface faces the foot and its underside touches the ground during normal use of the shoe.

The upper of a shoe generally provides a range of functionalities. It provides a shell to hold the foot, stabilizes it during movement, protects it from the environment, and, in the case of certain athletic shoes, offers a surface specifically adapted to the athlete's needs. Athletic shoes, in particular, should be comfortable, stabilize the foot, support the athlete in all aspects of performance, such as acceleration, and reduce the impact of the foot striking the ground during exercises. The shoes should facilitate movement and prevent physical injuries to the wearer.

In particular, uppers for shoes used in sporting activities such as soccer, rugby, American football, and other ball sports are widespread and popular with wearers. Such uppers are becoming increasingly important and have specific requirements to improve performance in these sporting activities.

An example of such a requirement is improved grip between the shoe upper and the ball. This improved grip has the potential to allow a player to control the ball more effectively. The contact between the shoe and the ball is particularly important, and the surface of the shoe upper plays a crucial role. One way to achieve increased grip between the upper and the ball is to incorporate a textured surface on the outer surface of the shoe upper. Another way is to add raised sections to the upper. Both methods can enhance energy transfer from the upper to the ball during a shot.

It is known that various types of kicks occur. For example, there are curled passes, flat passes, straight shots, and so on. Different arrangements of elements on the upper of the shoe are necessary for the different types of kicks. Nevertheless, proper spin is desirable for every type of controlled kick. This can be helpful because otherwise the ball would wobble. However, such wobble can also be desirable for some kicks, such as ankle kicks.

For example, the following prior art documents may be mentioned in connection with the present disclosure.

The unpublished German patent application No. 10 2023 206 175,9 of this applicant relates to an upper for a shoe, in particular a sports shoe, comprising: a) a ball contact area comprising a plurality of projections; b) wherein each projection of the plurality of projections has an elongated shape with a longitudinal axis, a side section facing the sole and a side section facing the instep; and c) wherein the ball contact area is configured to assist in striking a ball by making each projection of the plurality of projections elastically bendable, such that each projection is configured to bend substantially in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis upon contact with the ball, and such that each of the plurality of projections is configured to bend such that the side section facing the instep contacts an outer surface of the upper or an adjacent projection of the plurality of projections.

The EP 3 909 459 A1 refers to an upper for a sports shoe, comprising a plurality of areas, including: a medial area, a lateral area, a toe area, an instep area, a heel area and a collar area, wherein the upper comprises at least one projection in at least four of the plurality of areas, and wherein the projections extend from an outer surface of the upper.

The EP 2 659 798 A1 This refers to a method for manufacturing an upper for a shoe, in particular a football boot. A base layer is provided for the upper. At least one tread element, comprising a rubber material, is bonded to the outer surface of the base layer. The tread element is bonded to the outer surface of the base layer by hot pressing without the use of a seam.

The EP 3 895 576 A1 refers to an upper (102) for a footwear article (100), wherein the upper (102) comprises: a layered structure, further comprising: a base layer (200) consisting of a first material; a color ink layer (210) covering at least a portion of the base layer (200), the color ink layer (210) being composed of a second material; a control surface layer (150) arranged on the color ink layer (210), the control surface layer (150) being composed of a third material; wherein the first material is different from the second material and the second material is different from the third material; and wherein portions of the color ink layer (210) are visible on an outer surface of the upper (102).

The US 2023 / 0 087 149 A1 This refers to a knitted component with a surface comprising first and second areas with different relative coefficients of friction, arranged in an alternating pattern. The first areas of the first surface comprise 40% to 80% of the total surface area. The alternating pattern can be in the form of concentric shapes. The alternating pattern can have linear or curvilinear boundaries between the first and second areas. The first areas can be formed from a single yarn that has a core and a coating. The coating at least partially surrounds the core.

The DE 1 944 609 A1 refers to a football boot suitable for refining and improving a player's technique, especially when the outer surface of the boot is wet and smooth and when the ball is wet, characterized in that its parts arranged above the sole (1), in particular the toe (2), the vamp (3), the instep (6) and the quarter (7), are provided with a profile.

Furthermore, the following state of the art can be mentioned for background knowledge.

document US 9 038 288 B2 , document EP 2 434 920 B1 and document US 2011 / 258 883 A1 .

Despite significant advances in sports footwear, further improvements are still needed. Current designs often struggle to balance durability with the flexibility required for optimal ball control. Many established systems fail to adequately address the dynamic nature of the sport, where the interaction between the shoe and the ball can vary considerably depending on the type of movement, such as dribbling, shooting, or passing.

A particular problem stemming from the proposed state-of-the-art solutions is that ball control features specifically designed to enhance grip for kicking the ball (i.e., shooting and/or passing) also provide a relatively high level of grip for softer ball touches, such as dribbling, receiving, and/or short passing. For these latter types of touches, however, a high level of grip is often not beneficial, as it results in an overly sticky feel between the shoe and the ball.

Against this background, an object of the present invention is to provide an improved upper for a shoe. The upper should provide a ball contact area that ensures increased grip for kicking, while simultaneously providing smooth ball control characteristics with less grip, suitable for dribbling, ball reception, and/or short passing. Furthermore, it is an object to improve the design options available to the manufacturer of a shoe upper. Finally, it is an object to provide a corresponding shoe that incorporates such an upper.

3. Summary of the invention

The aforementioned problems are solved, at least in part, by the subject matter of the independent claims. Preferred embodiments are the subject matter of the dependent claims, and other suitable aspects of the present invention are described by the overall disclosure of this application. It should be noted that the headings in this disclosure are provided solely to aid in maintaining an overview while reading. The headings do not imply that features of the respective embodiments cannot be combined.

Top with microstructure

In a first aspect, the tasks are solved by an upper for a shoe, in particular a sports shoe, comprising a ball contact area that includes a microstructured surface; a. wherein the microstructured surface comprises a plurality of protrusions; b. wherein the microstructured surface is configured to assist shooting and/or passing a ball by having each protrusion of the plurality of protrusions bent elastically; c. wherein each protrusion of the plurality of protrusions has the form of a column.

In this way, the upper part provides a higher grip for shooting a ball (and/or generally for ball touches with a higher foot-to-ball impact), while simultaneously a lower grip can be provided for smooth ball control (and/or generally for ball touches with a lower foot-to-ball impact). The latter is suitable for fairly soft touches on a ball (which may include dribbling, receiving, and/or short passing). Overall, this is particularly useful for ball sports such as football (soccer).

This solves a specific problem associated with the current state of the art, namely that a high level of grip when shooting always goes hand in hand with a high level of grip when dribbling. In particular, increased grip between the ball and a shoe can lead to a slowing of the ball's rotation when dribbling and/or passing. This can disrupt or even interrupt dribbling in shoes using state-of-the-art technology.

Without being bound to any specific theory, it is assumed that the proposed microstructured surface provides a force-dependent grip. Therefore, it can offer increased grip for kicking a ball, for example, for high foot-to-ball impacts. These can occur, for instance, when shooting and/or passing a ball. Simultaneously, the microstructured surface provides less grip for low foot-to-ball impacts. These can occur, for example, when dribbling, receiving the ball, and/or short passing.

Furthermore, the microstructured surface can provide a relatively high coefficient of friction and therefore generally high grip for kicking. Additionally, the microstructured surface can provide a relatively small variation in the coefficient of friction under different environmental conditions, e.g., under wet conditions compared to dry conditions. Thus, a consistent grip can be achieved under both conditions. This prevents a reduction in grip under wet conditions (which typically occurs in state-of-the-art shoes).

The microstructured surface incorporates numerous protrusions, each column-shaped and elastically flexible. The arrangement and placement of these components can be carefully designed to enhance the upper's performance during activities such as shooting and passing a ball.

The microstructured surface described herein is to be distinguished, for example, from prior art surfaces that exhibit macro-elements, such as macro-protrusions. It is assumed that these macro-protrusions impair dribbling, which can lead to the technical problem described herein, and which the present invention is intended to overcome. As described elsewhere herein, the protrusions may optionally be defined by specific dimensions, including their aspect ratio, width, height, length, and/or spacing. These dimensions may be advantageous to ensure that the microstructured surface functions effectively. It is understood that such a microstructured surface may therefore behave differently from a macrostructured surface.

The elastically flexible nature of each protrusion can help extend the contact time between the shoe and the ball, providing improved control and precision. This design can address the challenge of maintaining consistent ball control under varying conditions, such as different ball speeds and contact angles. For example, when a ball makes contact with the microstructured surface, the protrusions can flex elastically, providing controlled deformation that aids in ball handling. This elastic flexing is facilitated by the material properties and structural design of the protrusions. This ensures that they essentially return to their original shape after contact, thus maintaining the integrity of the microstructured surface. The flexing of the protrusions is thought to have the advantage of increasing the surface area of the upper that can contact a ball, facilitating an improved kick. It is understood that the degree of flexion can depend on the striking force. For example, flexion may increase with increasing striking force. The striking force is understood as the force with which the carrier's foot strikes the ball.

The columnar shape of each projection is particularly advantageous because it can provide a uniform response to the force exerted during ball contact, resulting in a more predictable and accurate ball trajectory. The columnar shape of each projection can ensure a uniform response to, for example, external forces such as the impact of a ball. This shape can be beneficial for the elastic bending mechanism because it provides a uniform deformation pattern. It should be noted that the columnar shape differs in some examples from, for example, elongated shapes commonly used in the prior art. These elongated shapes have an elongated axis that follows the surface of the upper part. In contrast, a columnar shape does not necessarily have to have such an elongated axis that follows the surface of the upper part.

The protrusions can be integrated into the microstructured surface. The protrusions can be evenly distributed across the microstructured surface. The protrusions can enable a uniform and stable configuration that improves the overall functionality of the shoe's upper.

To further highlight the advances of the present disclosure, an analysis of the motion trajectory of a ball along the upper may be helpful. The term "motion trajectory" can refer to the relative movement between the upper and the ball. In one example, the ball may first contact the upper in a first contact segment and move along the ball contact area to a second contact segment, where the ball last makes contact with the upper. From the second contact segment, the ball may accelerate away from the upper. The first contact segment may be located closer to a sole edge. The second contact segment may be located closer to an instep segment. This movement of the ball may be more or less dominant, depending on the type of kick. For example, it may differ between shooting and passing.

Various physical effects can occur during the trajectory of a ball's motion, including, but not limited to, the Magnus effect. The Magnus effect can be understood as a phenomenon in fluid dynamics that describes a force acting on a rotating object, such as a ball, moving through a fluid, such as air. As a rotating ball moves through air, it can experience a force perpendicular to the direction of its motion. For short passing, the Magnus effect may play a less prominent role.

The shots referred to herein require a different arrangement of protrusions on the upper part of the foot to accommodate the different trajectory of the ball (compared, for example, to flat passes). These shots are typically kicks, which are more powerful than other types of kicks, such as mere passes. Although there may be variations from one player to another, a professional is still able to distinguish between shots and other types of kicks, such as passes. Shots often occur during a match, and the medial and superior aspects of the first metatarsal joint and bony segments are most commonly used to make contact with the ball. In particular, the foot may be tilted laterally, and the ball may travel along the surface in a lateral posterior direction upon impact.

In contrast, flat passes, short passes, dribbling, soft passes or the like exhibit different movement trajectories of the ball.

It goes without saying that the upper of a shoe described here is advantageous for both of these types of kicks, thus overcoming disadvantages of the current state of technology.

The ball contact area can be understood as any area, section, surface part, or the like that can come into contact with a ball or similar object. In particular, the ball contact area can be the area that comes into contact with the ball during a kick. It is understood that, due to the deformation of a ball during a kick, the ball contact area could be larger than the covered area when the ball is simply resting on the top surface without being kicked.

Each of the numerous protrusions is elastically bendable. This means that the protrusions can bend, for example, under an external force, such as one applied by a ball. Furthermore, the bending is elastic, meaning that it essentially occurs within an elastic deformation range of the protrusion's material. Within such an elastic deformation range, the stress and strain of the material behave according to a linear relationship. This elastic (and linear) relationship for a material may also be known as its modulus of elasticity. In contrast, plastic bending means that some of the deformation cannot be reversed.

The upper described herein can be particularly useful in conjunction with athletic footwear, such as soccer cleats. However, it should be noted that the upper can be used with essentially any type of footwear, including but not limited to soccer cleats, hiking boots, sneakers, basketball shoes, rugby shoes, baseball cleats, golf shoes, tennis shoes, and cross-training shoes. Furthermore, the upper can be used with footwear for any type of athletic activity. The term "athletic activity" is to be understood as including one or more and/or any combination of at least the following non-exhaustive list: aerobics, exercise, running, hiking, climbing, group fitness classes, walking, cycling, yoga, soccer, tennis, American football, basketball, training, volleyball, gymnastics, weightlifting, cross-training, baseball, softball, rugby, field hockey, wrestling, squash, track and field (such as sprinting, long jump, high jump), and cross-country skiing.

In a preferred embodiment of the upper part as described herein, one or more, preferably each, projection of the plurality of projections comprises an aspect ratio defined by a height of a projection compared to a width of the projection of at least 1.1, preferably at least 1.2, preferably at least 1.3, preferably at least 1.4, preferably at least 1.5; and/or of at most 10, preferably at most 9, preferably at most 8, preferably at most 7, preferably at most 6, preferably at most 5, preferably at most 4, preferably at most 3.

The geometric relationship between the height and width of each projection can directly influence its aspect ratio. This geometric relationship ensures that the projections maintain a specific shape and size, which can be advantageous for their elastic flexibility and overall functionality.

The introduction of these specific aspect ratio zones brings several advantages to the upper of a shoe. Firstly, by defining the aspect ratio so that it falls within a specific range, the spikes are optimized for their intended function of supporting shooting and/or passing a ball. The specified aspect ratios ensure that the spikes are neither too short and wide nor too tall and narrow, which could impair their elastic properties and effectiveness.

A higher aspect ratio within the defined area ensures that the protrusions have sufficient height to interact effectively with the ball, while controlling the width to maintain stability and prevent excessive bending or deformation. This balance enhances the tactile feedback and control a player experiences when making contact with the ball, thereby improving performance in sporting activities.

Additionally, the preferred areas for the aspect ratio provide flexibility in the design while ensuring that the protrusions remain within an optimal functional range. This allows for variations in manufacturing processes and materials without compromising the performance characteristics of the shoe upper.

Overall, the introduction of these specific aspect ratio areas improves the functionality, performance, and versatility of the shoe upper, making it more effective for sports applications.

In a preferred embodiment of the upper part as described herein, one or more, preferably each, projection of the plurality of projections comprises a width of at least 0.05 mm, preferably at least 0.08 mm, preferably at least 0.1 mm; and/or of at most 1.0 mm, preferably at most 0.7 mm, preferably at most 0.5 mm, preferably at most 0.3 mm.

This embodiment can provide a precise dimensional characteristic for the projections, ensuring that they are sufficiently wide to provide the desired mechanical properties, such as elasticity and durability, which can be advantageous to support shooting and/or passing a ball.

The specified minimum width ensures that the protrusions are robust enough to withstand repeated contact with the ball without permanently breaking or deforming.

Furthermore, the embodiment ensures that the protrusions are not excessively wide, which could otherwise hinder their ability to bend elastically and negatively affect the tactile feedback and control provided to the user. By defining an upper limit to the width, this feature maintains a balance between flexibility and structural integrity, allowing the protrusions to bend elastically upon contact with the ball, thereby improving the user's ability to control the ball during play.

The protrusions, which lie within the defined width range, are able to bend elastically and provide a controlled response upon contact with the ball, thus supporting shooting and passing. This controlled response can be a direct result of the specified dimensions, which ensure that the protrusions are neither too thin to be fragile nor too thick to be inflexible.

Thus, the new features introduced by this embodiment result in a precise and optimized structural configuration of the protrusions, thereby improving the overall functionality and performance of the upper in supporting ball control during sports activities.

In a preferred embodiment of the upper part as described herein, one or more, preferably each, projection of the plurality of projections comprises a height of at least 0.2 mm, preferably at least 0.3 mm, preferably at least 0.4 mm; and/or of at most 1.2 mm, preferably at most 1.1 mm, preferably at most 1.0 mm.

This specific height range can ensure that the protrusions are sufficiently prominent to interact effectively with a ball or similar object. This can improve tactile feedback and control during shooting and/or passing.

The lower limit of the height can ensure that the projections are not too short and thus ineffective in providing the desired elastic flexibility and grip.

Conversely, the upper limit ensures that the spikes are not excessively high, which could otherwise lead to instability or discomfort during use. The specified height range balances the need for effective ball control with the comfort and structural integrity of the shoe upper.

By defining these height parameters, the new features create a controlled and/or optimized interaction between the shoe upper and the ball. This can improve the shoe's performance characteristics.

The elastic flexibility of the protrusions, combined with their columnar shape and specified height, ensures that the microstructured surface can deform appropriately under pressure. This provides a consistent and reliable grip on the ball. This controlled deformation helps improve the accuracy and performance of shots and passes, as the protrusions can flex and essentially return to their original shape. This helps maintain consistent contact with the ball.

Additionally, the specified height range contributes to the durability of the protrusions by preventing them from being too fragile or prone to breakage. Overall, these new features result in a significant improvement in the functional performance of the shoe upper, particularly in sports applications where precise ball control can be crucial.

The protrusions can have different heights, as a person skilled in the art understands. In various examples, the height can range from 0.2 mm to 1 mm. In other examples, the height can depend on the desired aspect ratio, or vice versa. For example, the height can be a maximum of 0.7 mm if a minimum aspect ratio of 1.2 is required.

In a preferred embodiment of the upper part as described herein, the distance between two adjacent projections of the plurality of projections is at least 1.1 times, preferably at least 1.2 times, preferably at least 1.3 times, preferably at least 1.4 times, preferably at least 1.4 times the width; and/or at most 4 times, preferably at most 3 times, preferably at most 2 times, preferably at most 1.8 times, preferably at most 1.6 times the width.

The distance can be the distance between the centers of two adjacent projections.

The new features introduced by this embodiment specify the spacing in relation to the width of the protrusions, thereby influencing the performance characteristics of the shoe upper.

For example, if the distance between two adjacent protrusions is at least 1.1 times the width, it ensures that the protrusions are sufficiently spaced apart to allow independent elastic bending, which can improve ball control by providing a more responsive surface.

When the distance increases to at least 1.2 times, 1.3 times, 1.4 times and/or 1.5 times the width, the distance allows for an even greater independent movement of each ledge, potentially improving the precision and effectiveness of ball handling, shooting and/or passing alike.

Conversely, if the spacing is at most 4 times, 3 times, 2 times, 1.8 times, and 1.6 times the width, the protrusions are positioned closer together, which can create a more cohesive and uniform surface. This closer spacing can improve overall grip and the entire contact area with the ball, providing a more consistent and controlled interaction.

The specific spacing of the protrusions allows for fine-tuning the balance between independent movement and coherent surface interaction, thereby optimizing the shoe's performance characteristics for different types of sport and player preferences. These variations in spacing can directly influence the tactile feedback and control a player experiences, making the shoe more adaptable to different playing conditions and styles.

By precisely defining the distance in relation to the width, these features ensure that the microstructured surface can be tailored to achieve the desired balance of flexibility, control, and responsiveness, ultimately improving the functionality and performance of the sports shoe.

The width used to define the distance in this embodiment can be the average width of the projection, as understood by a person skilled in the art.

In a preferred embodiment of the upper part as described herein, the distance between two adjacent projections of the plurality of projections is 0.1 mm to 2 mm, preferably 0.2 mm to 1 mm.

This embodiment can also contribute to the advantages mentioned in the preceding embodiment.

In particular, this embodiment can ensure a precise and controlled interaction between the shoe upper and the ball. By defining the spacing within these areas, the embodiment offers several advantages. First, it optimizes the density of the protrusions on the microstructured surface, which has the potential to significantly improve grip and control over the ball during shooting and/or passing.

The closer spacing of the protrusions, particularly within the preferred range of 0.2 mm to 1 mm, allows for a more uniform and continuous contact surface, thereby reducing slippage and increasing the accuracy of ball handling.

Additionally, the specified spacing contributes to the elastic flexibility of the protrusions, as it ensures that the protrusions are neither too sparsely nor too densely packed, which could otherwise impair their ability to bend elastically. This balance can be crucial for maintaining the intended functionality of the microstructured surface. This is because each protrusion should be able to deform and return to its original shape to effectively aid ball control.

Furthermore, the defined spacing range can also influence the durability and wear resistance of the upper. Spikes that are too closely packed can wear out faster due to increased friction and contact with the ball, while those that are too far apart may not provide sufficient grip. Therefore, the specified spacing range strikes an optimal balance, thereby improving the overall performance and longevity of the shoe upper.

By refining the structural parameters of the microstructure surface, this embodiment significantly improves the functionality and effectiveness of the shoe in sports applications, ensuring that the wearer can achieve better control, precision and durability during use.

In a preferred embodiment of the upper part as described herein, the spacing for each pair of adjacent projections of the plurality of projections is essentially uniform.

By ensuring that the distance is essentially uniform, the design achieves a consistent and predictable interaction between the shoe and the ball. This uniformity of distance contributes to more controlled and reliable performance during activities such as shooting and/or passing. The uniform distance ensures that the forces exerted on the ball are evenly distributed across the contact area, thereby improving the precision and accuracy of ball handling.

Additionally, the uniform spacing helps maintain the structural integrity of the microstructure surface, as the uniform spacing of protrusions helps prevent localized stress concentrations that could lead to premature wear or damage.

This embodiment can also facilitate the manufacturing process, as a uniform spacing can simplify the design and manufacture of molds, stencils and/or any type of production lines used to create the microstructured surface.

Furthermore, consistent spacing can contribute to the aesthetic appeal of the shoe, providing a visually uniform pattern that may be perceived by consumers as more professional or higher quality.

Overall, the design, in which the spacing between each pair of adjacent protrusions is essentially uniform, improves the shoe's performance by ensuring consistent ball contact. Furthermore, it can enhance the durability of the microstructured surface by preventing stress concentrations. It can also streamline the manufacturing process and potentially increase the product's aesthetic appeal.

According to the present disclosure, it is also included that the distance may not be uniform; for example, the distance may vary for two or more of the plurality of projections.

Aggregated upper surfaces

In a preferred embodiment of the upper part as described herein, the microstructure surface comprises a contact section defined by aggregated upper surfaces of the projections of the plurality of projections, wherein the upper surfaces face away from the upper part, wherein a contact area coverage is 3 to 50%, preferably 5 to 30%, more preferably 5 to 15%, wherein the coverage is defined by the aggregated upper surfaces of the projections of the plurality of projections in relation to the microstructure surface.

The upper surfaces of these protrusions can point away from the top, creating a distinct contact area that can interact directly with the ball.

The aggregated upper surfaces of the protrusions can collectively form a contact zone that connects with the ball during shooting and/or passing. The upper surfaces facing away from the upper can ensure that the contact zone is optimally positioned to engage the ball. This can improve the shoe's ball control capabilities.

Furthermore, the contact area coverage is specified to lie within specific areas. This coverage is defined by comparing the aggregated upper surfaces of the protrusions with the total microstructure surface. The specified coverage area introduces a quantitative measure that can ensure the microstructure surface exhibits an optimal balance between grip and flexibility.

A lower coverage percentage within the specified area can ensure that the protrusions remain sufficiently spaced to maintain their elastic flexibility, which can be crucial for supporting ball control.

Conversely, a higher percentage of coverage within the area can ensure that there is enough surface area in contact with the ball to provide the necessary grip and control during shooting and/or passing.

By defining the contact area coverage in this way, the embodiment can ensure that the upper provides consistent and reliable performance. This can improve the user's ability to effectively control the ball. Therefore, this embodiment can significantly improve the shoe's functionality by optimizing the interaction between the microstructured surface and the ball.

Length, arrangement, cross-section, material

In a preferred embodiment of the upper part as described herein, each projection of the plurality of projections comprises a length substantially perpendicular to a width and a height, wherein the length and the width extend along a contour of the upper part, wherein the length is between 0.8 and 1.2 times the width, preferably 0.9 and 1.2 times the width, and wherein the length is most preferably substantially equal to the width.

This specific configuration ensures that the protrusions maintain a consistent and predictable orientation relative to the upper's surface. This can improve control and interaction with the ball during shooting and/or passing.

The length and width of each protrusion are aligned along the contour of the upper. This means the protrusions follow the natural curvature and shape of the shoe. As a result, the protrusions can provide seamless integration with the overall construction and, for example, ensure that the micro-textured surface does not detract from the shoe's aesthetics.

The length of each projection is specified to be between 0.8 and 1.2 times the width, providing a balanced ratio that is neither too long nor too short, thus optimizing the elastic bending properties and tactile feedback during ball contact.

Preferably, the length is between 0.9 and 1.2 times the width, which further narrows the area to ensure a refined balance, thereby improving the precision and consistency of the protrusions' performance.

The most preferred configuration is one where the length is essentially equal to the width, providing an optimal configuration in which the protrusions exhibit uniform bending properties in all directions, thereby maximizing the effectiveness of the microstructured surface in supporting ball control.

This specific ratio ensures that the projections are neither too rigid nor too flexible, providing the right level of resistance and elasticity required for improved ball handling.

The new features introduced in this embodiment result in a higher level of precision and performance for the shoe upper, making it particularly suitable for sports where ball control is critical.

It is understood by a person skilled in the art that the length and/or width, as described here, can be parallel, e.g., in a line with respect to the top part. In this way, the length and/or width can be distinguished, for example, from the height, which is a normal to the top part.

In a preferred embodiment of the upper, as described herein, the microstructure surface is arranged at least partially in a medial toe section, a medial midfoot section, a medial distal foot section, a lateral toe section, a lateral midfoot section, a lateral distal foot section, an intertoe section, an intermezzanine section and/or a distal intermezzanine section of the upper.

This arrangement of the microstructured surface facilitates a more comprehensive and strategic placement of the microstructured surface, thereby improving the functionality and performance of the shoe.

These clearly defined areas of the upper ensure that the numerous column-shaped, elastically flexible projections are optimally positioned to interact with the ball during various phases of foot movement. This strategic placement allows for improved control, accuracy, and performance when shooting and/or passing. This is because the elastically flexible projections can effectively engage with the ball across multiple contact points on the shoe.

By extending the microstructured surface to these different sections, the shoe can provide more consistent and reliable performance. This can be the case regardless of the specific area of the foot that makes contact with the ball.

This embodiment provides improved versatility and adaptability to the shoe, as it ensures that the benefits of the microstructured surface are not limited to a single area, but are distributed over several critical areas of the upper.

This distribution can lead to a more balanced and effective interaction with the ball, thereby improving the athlete's overall performance.

Furthermore, the microstructured surface can be located on the tongue of the upper, if present, and/or on the heel section of the upper. The placement of the microstructured surface on the tongue, if present, can ensure that the microstructured surface is present in the midfoot and/or distal midfoot section. The placement of the microstructured surface on the heel section can provide a microstructured surface configured to support heel kicking and/or passing.

In a preferred embodiment of the upper part as described herein, each projection of the plurality of projections has a substantially circular, elliptical, rectangular, triangular or polygonal horizontal cross-section, wherein the cross-section is a section through the projection perpendicular to a direction along the height of the projection, wherein the cross-section is preferably located at half the height of the projection.

This embodiment can introduce additional features that improve the functionality and versatility of the upper part.

In particular, each of the numerous protrusions can have an essentially circular, elliptical, rectangular, triangular, or polygonal horizontal cross-section. This variety of cross-sectional shapes allows for tailored interactions between the shoe and the ball, potentially optimizing grip, control, and overall tactile response during shooting and passing.

The cross-section can be defined as a section through the projection perpendicular to a direction along the projection's height. This ensures a uniform and precise shape at any given height. This precision in defining the cross-section guarantees consistent and predictable mechanical properties, such as elasticity and flexural behavior, thereby improving the performance reliability of the upper part.

Preferably, the cross-section is taken at half the height of the projection, providing a representative sample of the projection's shape and dimensions at a critical point where bending stress is likely to be most significant. This half-cross-section ensures that the structural integrity and functional properties of the projections are optimized for their intended purpose of aiding ball control.

The introduction of these specific cross-sectional shapes and the precise definition of their position can contribute to a more refined and adaptable upper design. This can enable improved fit and performance in various sporting activities.

By offering a range of cross-sectional shapes, the design can cater to different playing styles and preferences, thereby improving the overall user experience.

In a preferred embodiment of the upper part as described herein, each projection of the plurality of projections comprises a Shore A hardness of 30 to 110 Shore A, preferably 50 to 100 Shore A, more preferably 70 to 90 Shore A.

The Shore A hardness, as specified in this embodiment, can provide advantages with regard to the bending of the projections and a corresponding restoring force once the projections are bent. This, in turn, can offer additional benefits in supporting ball control.

Furthermore, this Shore A hardness ensures a smoother transition for shots (e.g., compared to stiffer geometries known in the prior art). This has proven particularly advantageous for both shooting and passing.

Shore hardness can be a measure of a material's resistance to indentation. Different Shore hardness scales are used to measure the hardness of various materials (e.g., soft rubbers, rigid plastics, and supersoft gels). Generally, the higher the number on the scale, the harder the material. One difference between scales, such as Shore A and Shore D, is that Shore A can be specified to measure flexible rubbers, while Shore D can be specified for harder, rigid materials. The ranges may overlap at some levels, for example, at higher levels.

This embodiment refines the hardness by specifying that each projection preferably has a Shore A hardness of 50 to 100 Shore A. This narrower range further fine-tunes the material properties, thereby improving the shoe's ability to assist in shooting and passing a ball by providing a more uniform and reliable interaction between the ball and the microstructured surface.

Even more preferred, each protrusion has a Shore A hardness of 70 to 90 Shore A, resulting in an even higher degree of specificity for the material properties. This most preferred range ensures that the protrusions are optimally balanced in terms of hardness and elasticity, thus providing the best possible performance for their intended use in sporting activities.

Basic element

In a preferred embodiment of the upper part as described herein, the microstructure surface comprises a base element, wherein the plurality of projections is arranged on the base element, wherein at least two projections of the plurality of projections are connected by the base element.

This base element can act as a structural platform supporting the protrusions, ensuring their stability and even distribution across the ball contact area. The inclusion of this base element introduces a specific mechanism of communication between the protrusions and the upper, providing a cohesive structure that integrates the protrusions with the rest of the shoe's upper material. This integration can be crucial for maintaining the functional integrity of the microstructured surface, as it allows the protrusions to flex elastically while remaining securely attached to the upper.

Furthermore, the base element facilitates the precise and controlled arrangement of the protrusions, thereby optimizing their placement for effective ball control. By connecting at least two protrusions via the base element, this embodiment improves the mechanical stability and durability of the microstructured surface. The connection between the protrusions via the base element ensures that the forces exerted on a protrusion during ball contact are distributed across multiple protrusions, reducing the likelihood of individual protrusions becoming detached or damaged. This interconnected structure also contributes to a more uniform and reliable performance of the microstructured surface, as the collective behavior of the protrusions can be controlled more predictably.

Additionally, it is assumed that the role of the base element in connecting the protrusions can facilitate the manufacturing process. This can enable more efficient manufacturing techniques that ensure the uniformity and quality of the microstructure surface.

In a preferred embodiment of the upper part as described herein, the base element and each projection of the plurality of projections are formed in one piece.

This embodiment, i.e., the multitude of projections formed integrally with the base element, can have the advantage of improved manufacturing. Furthermore, it enhances mechanical integrity and thus the durability of the upper part. In particular, there may be fewer sections exposed to stress concentrations or the like. This can be attributed, in particular, to the absence of any fasteners, such as adhesives or the like.

In various examples, not all projections necessarily have to be formed integrally with the base element, as a person skilled in the art would understand. For example, at least two, three, four, five, and so on, projections can be formed integrally with the base element.

The base element and one or more of the projections of the plurality of projections, which are formed in one piece, can be understood as being formed as a single, unified piece. Therefore, the respective projections and the base element cannot be separate pieces. For example, one or more, or each, of the projections of the plurality of projections is formed into the base layer.

However, it would also be conceivable to form the protrusions separately and attach them to the shoe upper and/or the base element. In such an embodiment, the protrusions can be connected to the upper and/or the base element using an adhesive, preferably a hot-melt adhesive. Preferably, the protrusions are connected to the shoe upper and/or the base element by curing the adhesive, e.g., by thermal or UV curing.

In summary, the one-piece construction of the base element and the multitude of protrusions not only enhances the structural integrity and durability of the shoe upper, but also improves functional performance and manufacturing efficiency, making it a significant advancement over non-one-piece constructions.

However, separate construction, i.e., not forming the individual parts as single pieces, also has significant advantages. For example, providing separate pieces instead of single-piece elements offers an advantage when constructing more complex arrangements. Additionally, further functionalities can be more easily incorporated. It follows that the choice between forming the elements as single pieces and providing separate pieces can depend on various factors such as the intended use, manufacturing processes, material properties, the desired result, desired functionalities, and/or cost considerations. In various examples of this embodiment, the protrusions and the base element can be formed from different materials. For example, the material of the base element can have a lower elastic stiffness than the material of the protrusions, thus minimizing any reduction in the flexibility of the upper part. At the same time, the protrusions can be provided with a sufficient degree of bending stiffness to support shooting and/or passing a ball. Preferably, the base element comprises a thermoplastic elastomer and the plurality of projections comprises a thermoset elastomer, since thermoset elastomers typically exhibit higher stiffness compared to thermoplastic elastomers. However, other preferred examples may be conceivable in which the material of the base element may exhibit higher elastic stiffness than the material of the projections.

In a preferred embodiment of the upper as described herein, the base element forms a substantially continuous outermost layer of a portion of the upper, extending into a forefoot and/or midfoot section of the upper.

This continuous outer layer provides a coherent and uniform surface, improving the structural integrity and aesthetic appeal of the shoe. This design can offer several advantages for the shoe's construction and functionality.

Firstly, by forming a continuous outermost layer, the base element contributes to the durability and longevity of the shoe, as it provides a protective barrier against wear and tear, especially in high-stress areas such as the forefoot and midfoot.

Secondly, this configuration can improve the comfort and fit of the shoe, as a continuous layer can provide a smoother and more uniform surface that better conforms to the shape of the foot, thus reducing the potential for irritation and pressure points. Additionally, the continuous outer layer can enhance the performance characteristics of the upper, particularly in athletic shoes. This can be achieved by providing a more stable and supportive structure that helps maintain proper foot alignment and distribute pressure more evenly during dynamic movements.

The integration of this feature with the microstructured surface, which includes a variety of elastically bendable protrusions shaped like columns, as described elsewhere herein, may also improve the overall functionality of the shoe.

The continuous outermost layer can provide a stable foundation for the microstructure surface, ensuring that the protrusions maintain their intended position and effectiveness in assisting in shooting and/or passing a ball.

This synergy between the continuous outer layer and the microstructured surface can result in a shoe that offers better performance, better comfort and better durability, making it particularly suitable for sports applications where these qualities are highly valued.

In a preferred embodiment of the upper part as described herein, the base element comprises a height of at least 0.05 mm, preferably at least 0.1 mm, preferably at least 0.15 mm; and/or of at most 1 mm, preferably at most 0.7 mm, preferably at most 0.5 mm, preferably at most 0.3 mm.

The lower limit of the height of the base element can ensure sufficient durability, while the upper limit of the height of the base element can allow the top part to remain as flexible as possible.

Profile element

In a preferred embodiment of the upper part as described herein, at least one profile element is arranged on an outer surface of the upper part, wherein the at least one profile element preferably comprises the base element and the plurality of projections.

This profile element is designed to improve the functionality and performance of the shoe by providing additional structural and functional features.

The profile element can be provided directly on the outer surface of the upper, ensuring seamless integration that maintains the overall aesthetic and structural integrity of the shoe.

The inclusion of the profile element on the outer surface serves to increase the microstructure surface of the ball contact area, which already includes a variety of protrusions configured to assist shooting and/or passing a ball.

The new feature of having at least one tread element on the outer surface offers several advantages. First, it provides an additional layer of interaction between the shoe and the ball, potentially improving grip and control during play. Second, it can contribute to the durability and wear resistance of the upper by providing an extra layer of material that can absorb impact and reduce abrasion.

Furthermore, the profile element comprises a base element and a multitude of protrusions, mirroring the design of the microstructured surface. This configuration ensures that the profile element not only complements but also enhances the existing functional properties of the upper. The base element serves as the fundamental structure to which the multitude of protrusions are attached, ensuring stability and uniformity in their arrangement. The numerous protrusions on the profile element are likely designed to be elastically flexible, similar to those on the microstructured surface. This provides consistent performance characteristics across the entire upper. This design consistency ensures that the shoe offers a uniform response to ball contact, regardless of the specific area of the upper that comes into contact with the ball.

The integration of the profile element with its base element and projections thus brings about a synergistic improvement in the overall performance of the shoe. This can contribute to improved ball control, increased durability, and potentially a more refined aesthetic appeal.

In a preferred embodiment of the upper part as described herein, the at least one profile element comprises one or more sub-profile elements, which are preferably separated from one another, wherein the at least one profile element is preferably arranged in a grid-like and/or island-like pattern.

Arranging the at least one profile element in a grid or island pattern can allow the top section to remain sufficiently flexible, for example, by having gaps between the elements, where the top section is not covered by a profile element or a sub-profile element. If the rubber profile element extends essentially continuously, for example, without one or more gaps between sub-profile elements, this can make the top section relatively stiff. This increased stiffness can be caused, for example, by the properties of the profile element itself, such as the rubber that encloses it.

In particular, the one or more sub-profile elements can introduce a hierarchical structure into the microstructured surface. This hierarchical structure allows for a more nuanced interaction with the ball, potentially increasing precision and control during shooting and passing. The one or more sub-profile elements are preferably separated from one another, ensuring that each can interact independently with the ball, thus providing a more distributed and flexible contact area. This separation can also prevent the sub-profile elements from interfering with each other, thereby maintaining the integrity of the overall performance of the microstructured surface.

The grid-like pattern can provide a uniform distribution of protrusions across the ball contact area. This grid arrangement can improve consistency in ball control, as it ensures that the protrusions are evenly spaced and collectively contribute to the desired elastic flex and interaction with the ball.

Alternatively, at least one profile element can be arranged in an island-like pattern, creating distinct interaction zones on the microstructured surface. This island-like pattern can be particularly advantageous for creating specialized areas on the upper that cater to different aspects of ball handling, such as zones optimized for shooting, passing, or dribbling. The island-like arrangement can also provide a more targeted approach to ball control, allowing specific areas of the shoe to be fine-tuned for particular functions.

These additional features combine to provide a higher degree of adaptability and functionality for the shoe upper, improving the player's ability to control the ball with greater precision and effectiveness. By incorporating these features, the shoe upper can offer enhanced performance characteristics that meet the specific needs of athletes in various sporting scenarios.

Material / Functionality of the bend

In a preferred embodiment of the upper part as described herein, the microstructure surface comprises a thermoset elastomer, preferably polyurethane, PU, rubber and/or silicone, and/or the microstructure surface comprises a thermoplastic elastomer, preferably thermoplastic polyurethane, TPU, polyamide, PA, thermoplastic polyether block amide, PEBA, and/or thermoplastic polyester elastomer, TPEE.

The inclusion of materials such as polyurethane, rubber, silicone, thermoplastic polyurethane, polyamide, thermoplastic polyether block amide, and thermoplastic polyester elastomer introduces specific mechanisms of communication between the components of the microstructured surface and the ball contact area. These materials are known for their unique properties, such as flexibility, durability, and elasticity, which enhance the performance characteristics of the upper.

In a preferred embodiment of the top part as described herein, a large proportion of the weight of the top part is made of a base material, and a large proportion of the weight of the microstructured surface is made of the same base material. In this embodiment, the preferred base material may be thermoplastic polyurethane, polyamide, thermoplastic polyether block amide, or thermoplastic polyester elastomer. This offers the advantage that the entire top part can be more easily recycled. The large proportion of the weight may preferably correspond to more than 50%, more preferably more than 70%, and more preferably more than 90% of the weight of the top part or the microstructured surface.

In a preferred embodiment of the upper as described herein, the ball contact area is configured to assist shooting and/or passing a ball by making each projection of the plurality of projections elastically bendable, such that each projection of the plurality of projections is configured to bend substantially upon contact with the ball.

This elastic flexibility ensures that the protrusions can deform upon contact with the ball, providing a more controlled and precise ball handling experience.

Furthermore, each protrusion is designed in the form of a column, which contributes to the structural integrity and consistency of the microstructure surface.

The configuration of each protrusion to essentially flex upon contact with the ball introduces a new level of adaptability and responsiveness to the boot upper. This flexing mechanism allows the protrusions to absorb and redistribute the force exerted by the ball, thereby improving the player's control over the ball during shooting and passing maneuvers.

The specific shape and elastic properties of the protrusions work together to create a surface that not only effectively grips the ball but also adapts to the varying forces that occur during the game.

In various examples, each projection can be configured to essentially bend around a base point of each projection on the microstructure surface.

In a preferred embodiment of the upper part as described herein, each projection of the plurality of projections is configured to essentially not bend upon contact with the ball during a dribbling event.

This embodiment introduces a specific communication mechanism between the protrusions and the ball, whereby the protrusions are tailored to provide a distinct interaction during dribbling as opposed to shooting or passing. For example, this mechanism can be achieved through an appropriate stiffness of the protrusions.

The structural stiffness of the protrusions can ensure that they remain largely inflexible when subjected to the forces exerted during dribbling. This stiffness is likely achieved through material selection or structural design, as described elsewhere herein. This can ensure that the protrusions maintain their shape and position even under the dynamic and repetitive forces that occur during dribbling.

This new feature brings several advantages to the upper of a shoe. First, it improves ball control during dribbling by providing a consistent and predictable surface interaction, allowing the player to maintain better control of the ball. The unyielding nature of the protrusions ensures that the ball does not unexpectedly slip or deviate, which is crucial for precision in dribbling maneuvers. Second, this feature complements the elastic flexibility of the protrusions during shooting and/or passing, as described elsewhere herein. This can be achieved by differentiating the functional response of the protrusions based on the type of ball contact.

This dual functionality ensures that the shoe upper can adapt to different phases of the game and, in particular, to different types of ball contact. This can provide optimal performance regardless of whether the player is dribbling, shooting, and/or passing.

In a preferred embodiment of the upper part as described herein, each projection of the plurality of projections is elastically bendable such that each projection of the plurality of projections is configured to bend, so that a side portion of each projection or an upper portion of each projection contacts an outer surface of the upper part or an adjacent projection upon contact with the ball.

The elastic flexibility of each projection ensures that the projections can bend and deform in a controlled manner when the ball makes contact with the upper. This deformation allows the sides or top sections of the projections to make contact with the outer surface of the upper or with adjacent projections, creating a dynamic interaction that improves grip and control of the ball.

This new feature offers several advantages for the upper of a shoe, particularly in the context of athletic footwear. First, the protrusions' ability to flex and touch the upper or adjacent protrusions increases the surface area in contact with the ball, thereby improving friction and providing better ball control. This is especially beneficial for activities like shooting and passing, where precise ball control is crucial. Second, the elastic nature of the protrusions allows them to return to their original shape after deformation, ensuring that the upper retains its functional properties over time and with repeated use. This durability is essential for athletic footwear, which is subject to significant wear and tear.

Additionally, the interaction between the projections and the top or adjacent projections can create a damping effect that absorbs some of the impact forces when the ball hits the The upper part of the garment beats. This can improve comfort for the wearer and potentially reduce the risk of injury.

Overall, the elastic flexibility of each protrusion to touch the upper or adjacent protrusions upon ball contact introduces a sophisticated mechanism that improves ball control, durability, comfort, and the aesthetic appeal of the shoe upper.

It should be noted that, in particular, projections that are of a greater height may be able to become deformed in such a way that the upper part of the projection can touch the outer surface of the top part.

Top part with profile element

1. a. wobei das mindestens eine Profilelement eine Mikrostrukturoberfläche umfasst, die eine Vielzahl von Vorsprüngen umfasst;
2. b. wobei das Profilelement konfiguriert ist, um Schießen und/oder Passen eines Balls zu unterstützen;
3. c. wobei jeder Vorsprung der Vielzahl von Vorsprüngen die Form einer Säule aufweist.

In a second aspect of the invention, the problems are solved by an upper part for a shoe, in particular a sports shoe, comprising a ball contact area which includes at least one profile element which is arranged on the outer surface of the upper part;

1. a. wherein the at least one profile element comprises a microstructured surface comprising a plurality of protrusions;
2. b. wherein the profile element is configured to support shooting and/or passing a ball;
3. c. wherein each projection of the plurality of projections has the form of a column.

It is understood that the features, technical characteristics, embodiments, advantages, and improvements compared to the prior art described for the first part of the above section are also applicable to the second part of the above section (insofar as this is technically sensible, as understood by a person skilled in the art). The same applies conversely.

The upper part of the second aspect reveals a profile element that may be similar to that of the upper part of the first aspect.

However, in this second aspect, the flexibility of the projections may not be necessary, although this is not excluded in various examples.

As described elsewhere herein, a preferred aspect ratio of the projections of the second aspect may be lower compared to the first aspect.

Nevertheless, the microstructured surface still provides increased specific contact pressure, thereby adding further grip to the tread elements. Overall, similar advantages to those outlined regarding the first aspect can be achieved. In particular, improved shooting is provided, while a less disruptive feel is offered for dribbling. Furthermore, grip in wet conditions can be enhanced.

In a preferred embodiment of the upper part as described herein, the profile element comprises thermosetting elastomers, rubber and/or silicone.

These materials have the advantage of providing sufficient stiffness and support, and can contribute to improved ball control for shooting and/or passing. Additionally, these materials are relatively easy to source, inexpensive, and widely accepted in the field of shoe soles.

Furthermore, the inclusion of thermosetting elastomers, rubber and/or silicone in a profile element offers several advantages, especially in applications where durability, flexibility and resistance to various environmental factors are critical.

Thermoset elastomers are known for their excellent mechanical properties and resistance to deformation under stress. Once cured, they will not melt or soften upon reheating, making them ideal for applications requiring long-term stability. Furthermore, thermoset elastomers are generally resistant to a wide variety of chemicals, oils, and solvents, making them suitable for harsh chemical environments. Thermoset elastomers provide a good balance of stiffness and flexibility, which is important to maintain shape while allowing some movement.

Rubber offers excellent elasticity, flexibility, and resistance to wear and tear. It can withstand repeated stretching and compression, making it suitable for dynamic applications. Depending on the type (e.g., nitrile, EPDM), rubber can offer good resistance to oils, fuels, and other chemicals. Rubber can be very flexible and elastic, making it ideal for applications requiring frequent movement or deformation.

Silicone is known for its excellent thermal stability and can maintain its properties over a wide temperature range. It is also resistant to UV light, ozone, and weathering, which contributes to its durability in outdoor applications. Silicone exhibits excellent resistance to many chemicals, including acids, bases, and solvents, making it ideal for use in chemically aggressive environments. Silicone offers excellent flexibility and elasticity, even at low temperatures, which is crucial for maintaining performance in cold environments.

In summary, the use of thermosetting elastomers, rubber and/or silicone in a profile element provides a robust solution that utilizes the unique properties of each material to meet the requirements of the upper part, as described herein.

In a preferred embodiment of the upper part as described herein, one or more, preferably each, projection of the plurality of projections comprises an aspect ratio defined by a height of a projection compared to a width of the projection of at least 1.1, preferably at least 1.2, preferably at least 1.3, preferably at least 1.4, preferably at least 1.5; and/or of at most 10, preferably at most 8, preferably at most 6, preferably at most 4, preferably at most 3.

The respective advantages are mentioned in relation to the first aspect, as described herein.

In a preferred embodiment of the upper part as described herein, one or more, preferably each, projection of the plurality of projections comprises a width of at least 0.05 mm, preferably at least 0.08 mm, preferably at least 0.1 mm; and/or of at most 1.0 mm, preferably at most 0.7 mm, preferably at most 0.5 mm, preferably at most 0.3 mm.

The respective advantages are mentioned in relation to the first aspect, as described herein.

In a preferred embodiment of the upper part as described herein, the distance between two adjacent projections of the plurality of projections is 1.2 to 3 times the width, preferably 1.2 to 2 times the width of a projection of the two adjacent projections.

The respective advantages are mentioned in relation to the first aspect, as described herein.

In a preferred embodiment of the upper part as described herein, each projection of the plurality of projections comprises a height of 0.2 to 1.2 mm.

The respective advantages are mentioned in relation to the first aspect, as described herein.

In a preferred embodiment of the upper part as described herein, the microstructure surface comprises a contact section defined by aggregated upper surfaces of the projections of the plurality of projections, wherein the upper surfaces face away from the upper part, wherein a contact surface coverage is 20% to 70%, preferably 25% to 50%, more preferably 30% to 40%, wherein the coverage is defined by the aggregated upper surfaces of the projections of the plurality of projections in relation to the microstructure surface.

The respective advantages are mentioned in relation to the first aspect, as described herein.

In a preferred embodiment of the upper part as described herein, each projection comprises a Shore A hardness of 30 to 110 Shore A, preferably 35 to 60 Shore A, more preferably 40 to 55 Shore A.

The respective advantages are mentioned in relation to the first aspect, as described herein. It should be noted that the preferred hardness values are lower compared to the first aspect, as described herein.

In a preferred embodiment of the upper part as described herein, the microstructure surface comprises a base element, wherein the plurality of projections and the base element are formed by shaping the profile element such that the plurality of projections are formed integrally with the base element.

The respective advantages are mentioned in relation to the first aspect, as described herein.

In a preferred embodiment of the upper part as described herein, the at least one profile element comprises at least one macroprotrusion that is larger than one of the protrusions of the plurality of protrusions.

The macroprotrusion can provide additional functionalities to the upper part. This macroprotrusion (or a multitude thereof, if provided) can interact with the remaining protrusions of the microstructure surface, thereby providing more tailored functionality.

In a preferred embodiment of the upper part as described herein, the macroprotrusion has a width of 0.8 mm to 5 mm and/or a height of 1.3 mm to 5 mm.

This also contributes to improved ball control.

In a preferred embodiment of the upper part as described herein, the at least one profile element extends at least partially into a medial toe section, a medial midfoot section and/or a medial distal foot section of the upper part.

The respective advantages are mentioned in relation to the first aspect, as described herein.

In a preferred embodiment of the upper part as described herein, the at least one profile element has a substantially rhombic, circular and/or grid-like shape.

The grid-like pattern can provide a uniform distribution of protrusions across the ball contact area. This grid arrangement can improve consistency in ball control, as it ensures that the protrusions are evenly spaced and collectively contribute to the desired elastic flex and interaction with the ball.

Furthermore, the rhombic and circular shapes can provide their own specific advantages in improving ball control, while also offering specific advantages in terms of manufacturing and the like.

In a preferred embodiment of the upper part as described herein, the profile element is a first profile element, wherein the upper part comprises a second profile element, wherein the second profile element is spaced apart from the first profile element.

This allows for refined ball control, as the additional profile element enables fine-tuning of the upper's functionalities.

In another aspect, the tasks are solved by a shoe, in particular a sports shoe, wherein the shoe comprises: an upper according to one of the aspects/designs described herein; and a sole attached to the upper.

It is understood that the technical characteristics shown or described for the upper, the advantages and improvements over the state of the art are also applicable to the shoe, especially the sports shoe.

The upper can be attached to the sole by any type of suitable fastener. As the expert understands, attaching the upper of a shoe to the sole can involve various methods and techniques depending on the type of shoe, the materials used, and/or the desired level of durability and robustness of the upper. For example, the attachment may involve cementing/gluing, which is a common procedure where, for example, a strong adhesive is applied to one or both of the upper and the sole. They can then be pressed together and left to bond.

In another aspect, the tasks are solved by an upper for a shoe, in particular a sports shoe, comprising a ball contact area that includes a microstructured surface; a. wherein the microstructured surface comprises a plurality of protrusions; b. wherein the microstructured surface is configured to assist shooting and/or passing a ball by making each protrusion of the plurality of protrusions elastically bendable; c. wherein each protrusion of the plurality of protrusions has a shape dimensioned to allow anisotropic bending behavior, for example, each protrusion of the plurality of protrusions may have an elongated shape as seen along a contour of the upper.

It is understood that the features, technical characteristics, embodiments, advantages, and improvements compared to the prior art described for the upper part of the first and second aspects are also applicable to the upper part of this further aspect (insofar as this is technically sensible, as understood by the person skilled in the art). The same applies conversely.

This aspect has the additional advantage that the protrusions allow for direction-dependent bending.

Each projection of the plurality of projections with an elongated shape can mean that there can be a dimension along one axis of the shape that is larger than one, and preferably larger than both, dimensions along the remaining one axis, preferably both axes that are substantially perpendicular to the one axis. It is understood that when dimensions are described herein, manufacturing tolerances must normally be taken into account. Although not always explicitly stated (e.g., by using the term "substantially"), it is understood that the parts, elements, units, and shapes described herein include such manufacturing tolerances. Thus, the dimensions described herein may vary slightly.

For example, the length of each projection may differ from the length of each projection of the first and/or second aspect.

For example, the length of each projection can be approximately at least 1.5 times the width, preferably at least 2 times the width, preferably at least 2.5 times the width, preferably at least 3 times the width and/or at most 6 times the width, preferably at most 5.5 times the width, preferably at most 5 times the width, preferably at most 4.5 times the width, preferably at most 4 times the width.

4. Brief description of the characters

• 1: zeigt ein beispielhaftes Oberteil für einen Schuh, insbesondere einen Sportschuh, gemäß einer ersten Ausführungsform des ersten Aspekts der vorliegenden Offenbarung.
• 2: zeigt die Ausführungsform von 1 in einer anderen Perspektive.
• 3: zeigt die Ausführungsform von 1 in einer Nahaufnahme A-A, wie in 2 angegeben.
• 4: zeigt eine schematische Figur der Mikrostrukturoberfläche zusammen mit Vorsprüngen in einem gewöhnlichen Zustand gemäß einer Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Offenbarung.
• 5: zeigt eine schematische Figur von zwei Vorsprüngen von oben und einem Vorsprung von einer Seitenansicht gemäß einer Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Offenbarung.
• 6: zeigt eine beispielhafte Darstellung von Materialien, die für die Mikrostrukturoberfläche verwendet werden, gemäß einer Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Offenbarung.
• 7: zeigt ein beispielhaftes Oberteil für einen Schuh, insbesondere einen Sportschuh, gemäß einer zweiten Ausführungsform des ersten Aspekts der vorliegenden Offenbarung.
• 8: zeigt die Ausführungsform von 7 in einer Nahaufnahme B-B, wie in 7 angegeben.
• 9: zeigt die Ausführungsform von 8 in einer Nahaufnahme C-C, wie in 8 angegeben.
• 10: zeigt ein beispielhaftes Oberteil für einen Schuh, insbesondere einen Sportschuh, gemäß einer ersten Ausführungsform des zweiten Aspekts der vorliegenden Offenbarung.
• 11: zeigt eine detaillierte schematische Figur eines Teils der Mikrostrukturoberfläche der Ausführungsform von 10.
• 12: zeigt eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Teils der Mikrostrukturoberfläche der Ausführungsform von 10.
• 13: zeigt eine schematische Figur einer Mikrostrukturoberfläche gemäß einer Ausführungsform eines weiteren Aspekts der vorliegenden Offenbarung.

The invention is described in more detail below with reference to the following figures:

• 1 : shows an exemplary upper for a shoe, in particular a sports shoe, according to a first embodiment of the first aspect of the present disclosure.
• 2 : shows the embodiment of 1 from a different perspective.
• 3 : shows the embodiment of 1 in a close-up AA as in 2 specified.
• 4 Figure 1 shows a schematic figure of the microstructure surface together with projections in an ordinary state according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
• 5 Figure 1 shows a schematic figure of two projections from above and one projection from a side view according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
• 6 Figure 1 shows an exemplary representation of materials used for the microstructure surface according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
• 7 : shows an exemplary upper for a shoe, in particular a sports shoe, according to a second embodiment of the first aspect of the present disclosure.
• 8 : shows the embodiment of 7 in a close-up BB as in 7 specified.
• 9 : shows the embodiment of 8 in a close-up CC, as in 8 specified.
• 10 : shows an exemplary upper for a shoe, in particular a sports shoe, according to a first embodiment of the second aspect of the present disclosure.
• 11 Figure 1 shows a detailed schematic figure of a portion of the microstructure surface of the embodiment of 10 .
• 12 : shows a perspective view of part of the microstructure surface of the embodiment of 10 .
• 13 : shows a schematic figure of a microstructured surface according to an embodiment of a further aspect of the present disclosure.

5. Detailed description of preferred embodiments

Only a few possible embodiments of the invention are described in detail below. However, the present invention is not limited to these, and a multitude of other embodiments are applicable without deviating from the scope of the invention. The presented embodiments can be modified and combined with one another in a number of ways, whenever they are compatible, and certain features can be omitted to the extent that they appear dispensable. In particular, the disclosed embodiments can be modified by combining certain features of one embodiment with one or more features of another embodiment.

It is understood that not all features of the described aspects/embodiments need to be present to realize the technical advantages provided by the present disclosure, which is defined by the subject matter of the claims. The disclosed aspects/embodiments can be modified by combining certain features of one aspect/embodiment with one or more features of another aspect/embodiment. In particular, the person skilled in the art will understand that features and/or functional elements of one aspect/embodiment can be combined with technically compatible features and/or functional elements of any other aspect/embodiment of the present disclosure, provided that the resulting combination falls within the definition of the present disclosure.

While the embodiments described below are mainly described with reference to an upper part for a shoe, in particular a sports shoe, the person skilled in the art will recognize that the disclosure according to the invention can be applied equally to a variety of different technical fields and/or applications.

In the present figures and description, the same reference numerals refer to the same elements. For the sake of clarity and brevity, certain features, parts, elements, aspects, components and/or steps of certain embodiments are presented without undue detail if such detail would be obvious to the person skilled in the art in light of the teachings herein and/or if such detail would obscure an understanding of more relevant aspects of the embodiments.

As the person skilled in the art understands, and/or to avoid redundancies, reference is also made to the explanations in the preceding sections, which also apply to the following detailed description. Furthermore, for the sake of brevity and clarity, not all features, parts, elements, aspects, components, and/or steps are explicitly indicated by reference numerals. This applies in particular where the person skilled in the art recognizes that such features, parts, elements, aspects, components, and/or steps are present in multiples. The projections 151 can be an example of this.

Definitions

The ‘toe section’ as used herein may include sections near the big toe and/or the big toe knuckle.

Unless otherwise stated, the term "substantial" or "essentially", as used in the present context, may mean to a large or significant extent, or for the most part, or in the majority of the material. Essentially, this term should be understood as including manufacturing tolerances.

The term "and/or" is simply an associative relationship that describes associated objects and indicates that three relationships can exist. For example, A and/or B can represent three conditions: the independent existence of A, the existence of both A and B, and the independent existence of B. Additionally, the symbol "/" in the revelation usually indicates that preceding and next associated objects form an "or" relationship.

The terms “bottom”, “top”, “one end”, “the other end”, “outside”, “upper”, “above”, “inside”, “under”, “below”, “horizontal”, “coaxial”, “center”, “end”, “part”, “length”, “outer end”, etc., which indicate the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings.

The terms “upper”, “above”, “below”, “under” and the like, as used in the present invention to indicate a relative position in space, are used to facilitate the explanation of a garment, element, part, object and/or feature shown in the drawings relative to the relationship of another garment, element, part, object and/or feature.

Description of the characters

1 until 3 show an exemplary upper for a shoe, in particular a sports shoe, according to a first embodiment of the first aspect of the present disclosure ( 1 , 2 , 3 ).

The upper part 101 comprises: a ball contact area 140, which includes a microstructured surface 150. The microstructured surface 150 comprises a multitude of projections 151 (not all projections are labelled for brevity). Due to their microstructured nature, the projections 151 may not be easily discernible from only 1 recognizable. The protrusions 151 are best seen in 3 to be seen. The microstructured surface 140 is configured to support shooting and/or passing a ball by making each projection 151 of the plurality of projections elastically bendable. Each projection 151 of the plurality of projections 151 has the shape of a column (as, among others, in 4 (specified).

The Microstructured Surface 150 is configured to support shooting (e.g., kicking, powerful passes, etc.) and passing (e.g., dribbling, ball control, and/or short passing). As a result, the Microstructured Surface 150 provides advantages in a wide variety of game situations, as described in more detail elsewhere herein.

It should be noted that shooting and/or passing, as referred to herein, can encompass any possible action in which the player positions the shoe so that the upper comes into contact with the ball. Shooting, as referred to herein, can mean the player kicking the ball with a fairly quick foot movement in an attempt to score a goal. In particular, shooting can include powerful shots, such as a power shot, i.e., a shot struck with maximum force, often used for long-range attempts. Another example might be a curled shot, i.e., a shot struck with the medial side of the upper, with the player typically wrapping their leg around the ball and following it to the outside of their body. Another example might be a volley, i.e., a shot taken directly out of the air, generating significant power. Another example might be a half-volley, i.e., a shot struck just as the ball bounces off the ground, allowing for a powerful strike. Another example might be a free kick (when struck with power), i.e., a direct shot on goal from a set piece situation, struck with significant force. Another example might be a penalty kick (when struck with power), i.e., a shot taken from the penalty spot, often struck with considerable power to beat the goalkeeper. Another example might be a placed shot, i.e., a shot focused on accuracy and aimed at placing the ball beyond the goalkeeper's reach. Another example might be a chip shot, i.e., a delicate shot intended to lob the ball over the goalkeeper with minimal power. Another example might be a sidefoot shot, i.e., a controlled and accurate shot using the side of the foot, typically less powerful, but typically It is less difficult to place. Further examples are also included in the present disclosure.

Passing, as referred to herein, can include less forceful kicks and can mean that the player kicks the ball towards another player in an attempt to transfer possession to that player. In particular, passing can include high passes and/or low passes, with high passes typically having the ball bounce more towards the top of the foot when kicked, compared to low passes. Another example might be a curled pass, which is similar in technique to the curled shot as explained above. Another example might be a sidefoot pass, which is similar in technique to the sidefoot shot as explained above, with the sidefoot pass typically being used for low and/or short passes. Further examples are also included in the present disclosure.

However, as noted above, the person skilled in the art understands that different types and/or examples of shots, as listed above, can overlap, and that different types and/or examples of passes, as listed above, can occur. These may partially overlap. Furthermore, the person skilled in the art understands that a possible speed range for shots may overlap with a possible speed range for passes.

On the other hand, low-impact ball contacts, as referred to here, can include dribbling, i.e., moving the ball with a series of controlled touches that often focus on maneuverability rather than power. Another example might be ball reception, i.e., the initial touch used to control the ball, which emphasizes precision and control. Short passes, when played at a relatively slow speed, could also be an example.

The microstructure surface 150 can be arranged at least partially in a medial toe section 105, a medial midfoot section 110, a medial distal foot section 115, a lateral toe section 120, a lateral midfoot section 125, a lateral distal foot section 1230, an intertoe section, an intermezzanine section and/or a distal interfoot section of the upper part 101.

The medial toe section 105, as referred to herein, may include a portion of the upper part corresponding to the respective toes. However, the medial toe section is not limited to this. In particular, it is not specifically limited to the respective toes as such. As understood by those skilled in the art, it may also include adjacent tissue, e.g., tissue adjacent to the toes.

The medial midfoot section 110, as referred to herein, may, for example, include a medial and/or superior side of the first metatarsal bone.

The medial distal foot section 115, as referred to herein, may, for example, include a medial and superior facet of the first cuneiform bone and/or the navicular bone. It may be particularly advantageous if profile elements, as described elsewhere herein, can be located near and/or extend into the navicular bone.

The lateral toe section 120, as referred to herein, may, for example, include a lateral and/or superior side of the 5th toe.

The lateral midfoot section 125, as referred to herein, may, for example, include a lateral and/or superior side of the 5th metatarsal bone.

The lateral distal foot section 130, as referred to herein, may, for example, include a lateral and superior side of the lateral cuneiform bone and/or the cuboid bone.

It should be noted that the respective “intermediate section”, i.e. the intertoe section, the intermetatarsal section and/or the distal intermetatarsal section, lies essentially between the respective lateral and medial sections, viewed along the medial to lateral (and lateral to medial) direction of the upper part.

One or more, or each, projection 151 of the plurality of projections 151 has a substantially circular, elliptical, rectangular, triangular, or polygonal horizontal cross-section, wherein the cross-section is a section through the projection 151 perpendicular to a direction along the height of the projection 151. The cross-section may preferably be located at half the height of the projection 151. This shape is best suited to the 4 , 5 , 9 , 11 , 12 to see.

One or more or each projection 151 of the plurality of projections 151 of embodiments of the first aspect as shown herein may comprise a Shore A hardness of 30 to 110 Shore A, preferably 50 to 100 Shore A, more preferably 70 to 90 Shore A.

This embodiment has one of the microstructured surfaces 150 extending substantially continuously over the front section of the upper part 151. The microstructured surface 150 is formed as a substantially whole plate, which incorporates a base element 156 (best in 4 to see and also with reference to 4 (described in more detail) and forms the projections 151 in a one-piece manner, as described elsewhere herein.

The microstructured surface 150 is then combined with one or more further layers. This combination allows the structure to form a layered structure for the front section of the upper part 101. The layered structure can then be cut and joined to further sections, parts, elements, components, or the like of the upper part 101 (e.g., including, but not limited to, sewing). The material of the microstructured surface 150 can be any type of material. For example, the microstructured surface 150 can comprise a thermoset elastomer, such as polyurethane (PU), rubber, and/or silicone, and/or the microstructured surface can comprise a thermoplastic elastomer, such as thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), polyamide (PA), thermoplastic polyetherblock amide (PEBA), and/or thermoplastic polyester elastomer (TPEE). Preferably, the material of the microstructured surface 150 comprises TPU or consists substantially of TPU.

With reference to 1 - 3 Is it conceivable that the base element 156 can form an essentially continuous outermost layer of a part of the upper 101, extending into a forefoot and/or midfoot section of the upper 101?

As generally applicable to each embodiment here, the ball contact area 140 is configured to assist shooting and/or passing a ball by making each projection 151 of the plurality of projections 151 elastically bendable, such that each projection 151 of the plurality of projections 151 is configured to bend substantially upon contact with the ball. Furthermore, as generally applicable to each embodiment here, each projection 151 of the plurality of projections 151 is configured to remain substantially unchanged upon contact with the ball during a dribbling event.

In this way, it is understood that the upper provides 101 different advantages. Without wanting to be bound to a theory, it is assumed that such a microstructured surface 150 provides a force-dependent grip and therefore increased grip for shooting a ball, e.g., for high-impact ball contacts. These can occur, for example, when kicking a ball. At the same time, the microstructured surface 150 provides less grip for low-impact ball contacts. These can occur, for example, when dribbling, receiving the ball, and/or short passing.

Furthermore, as is generally applicable to each embodiment here, each projection 151 of the plurality of projections 151 is elastically bendable such that each projection 151 of the plurality of projections 151 is configured to bend such that a side section of each projection 151 or an upper section of each projection 151 contacts an outer surface of the upper part 101 or an adjacent projection 151 upon contact with the ball.

1 Figure 100 also shows a shoe 100, in particular a sports shoe, wherein the shoe 100 comprises the upper 101 and a sole 102 attached to the upper 101.

As in 1 As an example, the shoe 100 can be fitted with studs 180 (only two are shown for brevity), which can also be called cleats. These can serve to provide the player with traction on a surface, especially soft surfaces such as grass fields or the like. The use of studs is known in ball sports such as soccer or football (e.g., American football), rugby, or the like. In some examples, the studs can be formed integrally with the sole 102 of the shoe 100. The studs 180 can be at least They may be partially injection-molded onto a base material. In various examples, prefabricated bolt tips can be placed in a mold and overmolded with a base material. The base material may include sections of the sole 102. In various examples, the bolts 180 may comprise TPU. One-piece molded or injection-molded bolts 180 have the advantage that no screws are required and/or that the bolts 180 do not need to be replaced. Nevertheless, it is also possible to install replaceable or screw-on bolts 180.

It is noted that the microstructured surface 150 may additionally or alternatively be arranged on a tongue of the upper part 101, if present, and/or on a heel section of the upper part 101.

4 Figure 150 shows a schematic figure of the microstructure surface together with projections in an ordinary state according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. 5 shows a schematic figure of two projections 151 from above and one projection from a side view according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

As can be seen, one or more, preferably each, projection 151 of the plurality of projections 151 comprises an aspect ratio defined by a height p_h (among other things in 4 and 5 specified) of an advantage compared to a width p_w (among other things in 4 and 5 specified) of the projection 151 is defined as at least 1.1, preferably at least 1.2, preferably at least 1.3, preferably at least 1.4, preferably at least 1.5; and/or as at most 10, preferably at most 8, preferably at most 6, preferably at most 4, preferably at most 3.

As from 4 and 5 As can be seen, one or more, preferably each, projection 151 of the plurality of projections 151 can have a width p_w of at least 0.05 mm, preferably at least 0.08 mm, preferably at least 0.1 mm; and/or of at most 1.0 mm, preferably at most 0.7 mm, preferably at most 0.5 mm, preferably at most 0.3 mm.

As from 4 and 5 As can be seen, one or more, preferably each projection 151 of the plurality of projections 151 comprises a height p_h of at least 0.2 mm, preferably at least 0.3 mm, preferably at least 0.4 mm; and/or of at most 1.2 mm, preferably at most 1.1 mm, preferably at most 1.0 mm.

As from 4 and 5 As can be seen, the distance pt between two adjacent projections 151 of the plurality of projections 151 is at least 1.1 times, preferably at least 1.2 times, preferably at least 1.3 times, preferably at least 1.4 times, preferably at least 1.4 times the width p_w; and/or at most 4 times, preferably at most 3 times, preferably at most 2 times, preferably at most 1.8 times, preferably at most 1.6 times the width p_w of a projection 151.

Furthermore, the distance pt between two adjacent projections 151 of the plurality of projections 151 can be approximately between 0.1 mm and 2 mm, preferably 0.2 mm and 1 mm.

As can be seen from the schematic 4 As can be seen, the distance pt for each pair of adjacent projections of the multitude of projections is essentially uniform.

As described elsewhere herein, it is also included in the present disclosure that the distance pt may not be uniform, e.g. the distance pt may vary for two or more of the plurality of projections 151.

As from 4 and 5 As can be seen, the microstructured surface 150 comprises a contact section defined by aggregated upper surfaces of the projections 151 of the plurality of projections 151, the upper surfaces facing away from the top part 101. Furthermore, the contact area coverage is 3 to 50%, preferably 5 to 30%, more preferably 5 to 15%. As mentioned elsewhere herein, the coverage can be defined by the aggregated upper surfaces of the projections 151 of the plurality of projections 151 in relation to the microstructured surface 150. With reference to 4 The squares can represent the upper surfaces of the projections 151. The aggregated upper area can be the sum of these upper areas divided by the total area of the microstructure surface 150 (in 4 Only the basic element 156 is specified, the area of which may correspond to the area of the microstructure surface 150 in some specific examples).

As from 4 and 5 As can be seen, one or more or each projection 151 of the plurality of projections 151 can comprise a length p_1 substantially perpendicular to a width p_w and a height p_h, wherein the length p_h and the width p_w run along a contour of the upper part 101, wherein the length p_1 is between 0.8 and 1.2 times the width, preferably 0.9 and 1.2 times the width, wherein the length is most preferably substantially equal to the width p_w.

The microstructured surface 150 can comprise a base element 156, wherein the plurality of projections 151 can be arranged on the base element 156, with at least two projections 151 of the plurality of projections 151 being connected by the base element 156. The base element 156 is also in 11 and 12 specified.

The base element 156 and one or more or each projection 151 of the plurality of projections 151 can be formed in one piece. However, as described elsewhere herein, one or more or each projection 151 of the plurality of projections 151 can be formed separately.

Single-piece elements, which, for example, form the base element 156 and one or more, or each, of the plurality of projections 151 as a single unit, may also be known as a monolithic or one-piece construction. This can offer several advantages in various contexts. For example, strength and durability can be provided because single pieces often have fewer weak points and/or potential failures compared to assemblies of multiple components. This can lead to increased overall strength and durability. Furthermore, single pieces can substantially eliminate the need for separate parts, fasteners, or connectors, although this is not entirely impossible. This can also lead to cost savings in manufacturing. In addition, single pieces can reduce the overall weight of the resulting structure and/or product. This can be particularly advantageous in the context of shoe soles, where weight savings can be a significant factor. Furthermore, single pieces can provide improved performance because wear, vibration, noise associated with separate moving parts, or the like, can be reduced. Furthermore, standardized components can reduce material costs, labor costs, and/or assembly time by eliminating the need for additional components, parts, elements, or the like, resulting in cost savings. Additionally, fewer components often mean simplified designs, which could lead to reduced material waste during manufacturing and disposal. This can contribute to more sustainable and environmentally friendly products.

In a particularly preferred example, one or more, or each, of the projections 151 of the plurality of projections 151 is formed into the base layer 156. This results in the base layer 156 and the respective projection(s) 151 being formed in one piece. For example, this is achieved with reference to the embodiment of 1 - 3 described.

It is noted that the projections 151 described herein in all embodiments can be understood as microstructural projections 151. To determine their dimensions, it is practical to use a dimension that can be prominently representative of the projection 151. For the width p_w, the midpoint of the height was found to be useful for determining this dimension. This is because the width p_w at the very top/bottom of the projection 151 can be relatively small/large.

Also in 4 and 5 A lateral angle α is specified. The respective angled side surface of the projection 151 can extend along the entire height p_h of the projection 151 or alternatively only partially from the upper surface along the height p_h of the projection 151.

The lateral angle α can be at least 0°, preferably at least 1°, preferably at least 2°, preferably at least 3°, preferably at least 4°, preferably at least 5°, preferably at least 10°, preferably at least 15°, preferably at least 20° and/or at most 40°, preferably at most 30°, preferably at most 25°, preferably at most 20°, preferably at most 15°, preferably at most 10°, preferably at most 5°. A person skilled in the art can readily select the respective ranges, provided that the combination of the upper and lower limits is technically reasonable.

5 is a schematic drawing of a projection 151 with a circular cross-section.

6 shows an exemplary representation of materials used for the microstructure surface 150 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

In particular, the graph shows a coefficient of friction (CoF) (y-axis) versus a respective crushing pressure (x-axis) for samples A, D, and a reference sample (R). The reference sample does not include a microstructured surface and is a textile coated with PU film. The crushing pressure is measured for the microstructured surface under investigation against a reference surface, such as a sphere. All test results are shown for dry (A, D, R) and wet conditions (A', D', R'). The samples are described in more detail in the table below.

As from 6 As can be seen, sample A and especially sample D provide a greater increase in CoF with respect to a crushing pressure compared to the reference type R. This can ensure that a force-dependent friction property is provided under both wet and dry conditions.

Some specific examples of the microstructured surface and projections are shown in the following table. This table is shown solely for the purpose of illustrating the invention and without the intention of limiting the scope of protection defined by the claims. sample cross-section Width mm Height mm Distance mm Side angle ° Contact surface coverage aspect ratio A square 0.1 0.4 0.35 0 9.4% 4 B circular 0.2 0.6 0.5 0 12.6% 3 C circular 0.13 0.7 0.5 0 5.3% 5.4 D circular 0.125 0.5 0.385 10 9.6% 4 F circular 0.4 0.5 0.58 0 37% 1.25

7 until 9 show an exemplary upper 101 for a shoe, in particular a sports shoe, according to a second embodiment of the first aspect of the present disclosure ( 7 , 8 , 9 This embodiment corresponds to the other embodiments described herein, and the main differences are highlighted, but common features are also presented. The reference numerals correspond to those used in the other embodiments.

The upper part 101 comprises a ball contact area 140 and a microstructured surface 150, as described elsewhere herein.

At least one profile element 160 (preferably in 8 and 9 (as can be seen) is arranged on an outer surface of the upper part 101, wherein the at least one profile element 160 is preferably the base element 156 (best in 8 and 9 (to be seen) and comprises the multitude of protrusions 151.

The at least one profile element 160 comprises one or more sub-profile elements 165 (of which in 7 (only one of which is specified by reference numeral 165), which are preferably separated from one another. The at least one profile element 160 is preferably arranged in a grid-like and/or island-like pattern, as best shown in 7 to see.

In the 7 - 9 The profile element 160 is arranged together with the microstructure surface 150 in a medial and interdigital section, a medial and intermetatarsal section and a medial distal foot section.

A first profile element 160 is provided with a microstructured surface 150 which has a grid-like shape.

Furthermore, at least one second profile element 160' is provided with a microstructured surface 150 having a rhombus-like shape. This second profile element 160' is located within the first profile element 160.

Macroprotrusions 155 are arranged on the first profile element 160, which is adjacent to the microstructure surface 150. These macroprotrusions 155 are approximately 1 mm wide and 1-3 mm high.

The material of the profile elements 160, 160' can be rubber.

Manufacturing: The profile elements are molded in a rubber mold. They are then bonded to an outer surface of a layered structure of a top part. The layered structure can be any type of prior art material, e.g., comprising woven or knitted fabrics, non-woven textiles, leather, imitation leather, foam layers, etc., and finally a coating on top, e.g., a TPU or PU film layer. An adhesive, preferably a hot-melt adhesive, can be used to bond the profile elements to the layered structure, preferably by hot pressing.

The arrangement of the at least one profile element in a grid or island pattern allows the top part to remain sufficiently flexible by creating gaps between the elements, where the top part is not completely covered by a profile element. If the rubber profile element were to extend continuously, this would make the top part relatively stiff due to the properties of rubber.

Different microstructured surfaces 150 can be arranged on different profile elements 160, thereby providing different friction properties for different zones, which is valued by the beam. For example, profile elements 160 can be arranged in any of the lateral and/or intermediate sections, which may have a lower width and/or aspect ratio compared to profile elements 160 arranged in any of the medial sections.

10 until 12 show an exemplary upper for a shoe, in particular a sports shoe, according to a first embodiment of the second aspect of the present disclosure. 11 shows a detailed schematic figure of a part of the microstructure surface of the embodiment of 10 . 12 shows a perspective view of part of the microstructure surface of the embodiment of 10 This embodiment corresponds to the other embodiments described herein, particularly with regard to the first aspect, and mainly highlights differences, but also presents common features. The reference numerals correspond to those used in the other embodiments.

The upper part 101 comprises a ball contact area 140, which includes at least one profile element 160 arranged on the outer surface of the upper part 101; the at least one profile element 160 comprises a microstructured surface 150 comprising a plurality of projections 151 (three projections 151 are shown by reference numeral). The profile element 160 is configured to assist in shooting and/or passing a ball. Each projection 151 of the plurality of projections 151 has the form of a column, as described elsewhere herein.

The upper part 101 is not limited to a single profile element 160. For example, at least one second profile element 160' is shown in 10 specified with a reference mark. However, as in 10 As can be seen, the upper part 101 can comprise several profile elements 160; in particular, 9 (nine) profile elements 160, 160' are provided. It may be possible that there are one or more profile elements, e.g., located on the medial side of the upper part 101, that do not comprise a microstructured surface 150.

The profile elements 160, 160' have a rhombus-like shape. In this embodiment, the second profile element 160' is not located within the first profile element 160, but adjacent to it.

In particular, the profile element 160 can be a first profile element 160, and the further profile element 160' can be a second profile element 160' spaced apart from the first profile element 160. This ensures that the upper part 101 remains flexible, since the profile elements 160 are preferably made of elastomers or rubber material. The space between the profile elements 160 (which can be provided, for example, by an island-like or grid-like pattern, as described elsewhere herein) provides this flexibility.

Macro advantages 155 (in 10 (not shown) can be arranged on the first profile element 160, which is adjacent to the microstructure surface 150. These macroprotrusions 155 are larger than any of the protrusions 151 of the plurality of protrusions 151. These macroprotrusions 155 have a width of approximately 1 mm and/or a height of approximately 1-3 mm.

The material of the profile elements 160, 160' can be rubber.

Profile element 160 comprises thermosetting elastomers, rubber and/or silicone. The spacing, height, width, length, and aspect ratio can be similar to the embodiments of the first aspect.

One or more or each projection 151 can comprise a Shore A hardness of 30 to 110 Shore A, preferably 35 to 60 Shore A, more preferably 40 to 55 Shore A.

As from 10 As can be seen, at least one of the profile elements 160 extends at least partially into a medial toe section, a medial midfoot section and/or a medial distal foot section of the upper part.

As an example, the in 10 until 12 The embodiment shown has the dimensions listed for specimen F in the table above.

The profile elements 160, each provided with a microstructured surface 150, are arranged in strategically advantageous sections of the upper part 101, i.e., in a toe section, midfoot section and/or distal foot section of the upper part 101 (as for example in 1 (specified).

11 Figure 150 shows the microstructured surface of a profile element 160 in more detail. The optional base element 156 is also shown. The dimensions are listed in the table above (see sample F). The height of the base element b_h can be approximately 0.5 mm (not shown in the table above).

As described elsewhere herein, the profile elements 160, as such (preferably made of rubber), provide improved grip. The microstructured surface 150, encompassed by the profile elements 160, advantageously enhances the functionalities by increasing a specific contact pressure. This can further improve grip, particularly under wet conditions.

13 shows a schematic figure of a microstructured surface 150 according to an embodiment of a further aspect of the present disclosure.

The microstructured surface 150 shown herein can be combined with another aspect described herein, in which the projections 151 (not all projections 151 are in 13 (with a reference symbol) are described as having an elongated shape that is seen along a contour of the upper part.

By having an elongated shape, the projections 151 provide a first direction D1, which can be substantially perpendicular to the elongated axis of the projections 151. This first direction D1 can provide increased friction. By having an elongated shape, the projections 151 also provide a second direction D2, which can be substantially parallel to the elongated axis of the projections 151. Less friction can be provided along this direction. As described elsewhere herein, this has the advantage of allowing direction-dependent bendability.

For example, the length of each projection may differ from the length of each projection of the first and/or second aspect.

For example, the length of each projection can be approximately at least 1.5 times the width, preferably at least 2 times the width, preferably at least 2.5 times the width, preferably at least 3 times the width and/or at most 6 times the width, preferably at most 5.5 times the width, preferably at most 5 times the width, preferably at most 4.5 times the width, preferably at most 4 times the width.

Manufacturing the shoe upper

The embodiments can be provided via various manufacturing processes.

For example, the first embodiment of the first aspect (i.e., comprising a continuous microstructured surface as part of the layered structure of the top, as in 1 - 3 (shown) can be obtained by an extrusion process. This allows the material to be transferred from an extruder to a cylindrical shape with the negative pattern of the microstructured surface (i.e., including the protrusions). This allows a continuous sheet of the microstructured surface 151 to be produced, which is then cut and joined with further layers of a layered structure, and the layered structure can then finally be joined with further pieces of the upper 101 of the shoe 100.

All embodiments described herein, comprising profile elements 160 (see 7 - 9 and/or 10 - 12 ), can also be produced using the process described above.

However, a manufacturing process can preferably be used in which initial elements are formed in a mold under heat and pressure. The profile elements 160 formed in this way remain in the mold, and adhesive is applied to the lower surface of the profile elements 160. Subsequently, the mold containing the profile elements 160 is hot-pressed to form a layered structure of a top part 101, thereby joining the two.

It is also possible to apply such a process to the first embodiment of the first aspect ( 1 - 3 to apply.

In an alternative manufacturing method, particularly when the material is TPU, an initial element and/or an outer layer, which may already be arranged on the layered structure of the top part, are hot-pressed using a mold. This allows them to be embossed and/or lowered to create the microstructured surface 150, while the profile elements 160 are already arranged on the top part. The remainder of the top part 101 can be embossed and/or lowered simultaneously.

In an alternative manufacturing method, the formation of a microstructured surface on the outer layer and/or the initial element can be achieved by milling or punching.

In an alternative manufacturing method, the profile elements and/or the microstructured surface plate can be formed by high-frequency welding or vacuum forming.

In an alternative manufacturing method, the microstructured surface can be formed by printing the protrusions onto the base element. For example, by screen printing or additive manufacturing.

In an alternative manufacturing method, the base element is covered by a top layer, e.g. a film, which includes openings, with the projections extending through the openings.

These are various examples, and the specific manufacturing method is not limited to these examples.

In one or more of the embodiments described herein, the mention of "first", "second", or the like merely corresponds to the naming of elements, parts, groups, or the like. This naming is not to be interpreted as restrictive, but serves solely to illustrate the present disclosure.

It is noted that one or more of the embodiments and/or examples described herein may be combined with further aspects as described herein, and details of the embodiments and/or examples may also be omitted, as a person skilled in the art would understand. The scope of protection is determined by the claims and is not limited by the embodiments and/or examples disclosed in the preceding figures.

6. List of reference symbols used

100

shoe

101

Top

102

sole

105

medial toe section

110

medial midfoot section

115

medial distal foot section

120

lateral toe section

125

lateral midfoot

130

lateral distal foot section

140

Ball contact area

150

microstructured surface

151

projection

155

Macro advantage

156

Basic element

160

(first) profile element

160'

second profile element

165

Subprofile element

p_w

Width of the lead

p_l

Length of the lead

p_h

Height of the lead

bra

Height of the base element

pt

Distance

α

Side angle

D1

first direction

D2

second direction

X

x-axis

y

y-axis

QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of documents cited by the applicant was automatically generated and is included solely for the reader's convenience. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA accepts no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• EP 3 909 459 A1 [0009]
• EP 2 659 798 A1 [0010]
• EP 3 895 576 A1 [0011]
• US 2023 / 0 087 149 A1 [0012]
• DE 1 944 609 A1 [0013]
• US 9 038 288 B2 [0015]
• EP 2 434 920 B1 [0015]
• US 2011 / 258 883 A1 [0015]

Claims (36)

Upper (101) for a shoe, in particular a sports shoe, comprising a ball contact area (140) which includes a microstructured surface (150); a. wherein the microstructured surface (150) comprises a plurality of projections (151); b. wherein the microstructured surface (150) is configured to assist shooting and/or passing a ball by having each projection (151) of the plurality of projections (151) be elastically bendable; c. wherein each projection (151) of the plurality of projections (151) has the form of a column. Upper part (101) according to the preceding claim, wherein one or more, preferably each, projection (151) of the plurality of projections (151) comprises an aspect ratio defined by a height of a projection compared to a width of the projection of at least 1.1, preferably at least 1.2, preferably at least 1.3, preferably at least 1.4, preferably at least 1.5; and/or of at most 10, preferably at most 8, preferably at most 6, preferably at most 4, preferably at most 3. Upper part (101) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein one or more, preferably each projection (151) of the plurality of projections (151) comprises a width of at least 0.05 mm, preferably at least 0.08 mm, preferably at least 0.1 mm; and/or of at most 1.0 mm, preferably at most 0.7 mm, preferably at most 0.5 mm, preferably at most 0.3 mm. Upper part (101) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein one or more, preferably each, projection (151) of the plurality of projections (151) comprises a height of at least 0.2 mm, preferably at least 0.3 mm, preferably at least 0.4 mm; and/or of at most 1.2 mm, preferably at most 1.1 mm, preferably at most 1.0 mm. Upper part (101) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the distance between two adjacent projections (151) of the plurality of projections (151) is at least 1.1 times, preferably at least 1.2 times, preferably at least 1.3 times, preferably at least 1.4 times, preferably at least 1.4 times the width; and/or at most 4 times, preferably at most 3 times, preferably at most 2 times, preferably at most 1.8 times, preferably at most 1.6 times the width. Upper part (101) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the distance between two adjacent projections (151) of the plurality of projections (151) is 0.1 mm to 2 mm, preferably 0.2 mm to 1 mm. Top (101) after Claim 5 or Claim 6 , wherein the spacing for each pair of adjacent projections (151) of the plurality of projections (151) is essentially uniform. Upper part (101) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the microstructured surface (150) comprises a contact section defined by aggregated upper surfaces of the projections (151) of the plurality of projections (151), wherein the upper surfaces point away from the upper part, wherein a contact area coverage is 3 to 50%, preferably 5 to 30%, more preferably 5 to 15%, wherein the coverage is defined by the aggregated upper surfaces of the projections (151) of the plurality of projections (151) in comparison to the microstructured surface (150). Upper part (101) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein each projection (151) of the plurality of projections (151) comprises a length substantially perpendicular to a width and a height, wherein the length and the width extend along a contour of the upper part, wherein the length is between 0.8 and 1.2 times the width, preferably 0.9 and 1.2 times the width, wherein the length is most preferably substantially equal to the width. Upper part (101) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the microstructure surface (150) is arranged at least partially in a medial toe section (105), a medial midfoot section (110), a medial distal foot section (115), a lateral toe section (120), a lateral midfoot section (125), a lateral distal foot section (130), an intertoe section, an intermezzanine section and/or a distal intermezzanine section of the upper part. Upper part (101) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein each projection (151) of the plurality of projections (151) has a substantially circular, elliptical, rectangular, triangular or polygonal horizontal cross-section, wherein the cross-section is a section through the projection perpendicular to a direction along the height of the projection, wherein the cross-section is preferably located at half the height of the projection. Upper part (101) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein each projection (151) of the plurality of projections (151) comprises a Shore A hardness of 30 to 110 Shore A, preferably 50 to 100 Shore A, more preferably 70 to 90 Shore A. Upper part (101) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the microstructure surface (150) comprises a base element (156), wherein the plurality of projections is arranged on the base element (156), wherein at least two projections (151) of the plurality of projections (151) are connected by the base element (156). Top (101) after Claim 13 , wherein the base element (156) and each projection (151) of the plurality of projections (151) are formed in one piece. Top (101) after Claim 13 or 14 , wherein the base element (156) forms an essentially continuous outermost layer of a part of the upper, extending into a forefoot and/or midfoot section of the upper. Top (101) after Claim 13 or 14 , wherein at least one profile element (160) is arranged on an outer surface of the upper part, wherein the at least one profile element (160) comprises the base element (156) and the plurality of projections. Top after Claim 16 , wherein the at least one profile element (160) comprises one or more sub-profile elements (165) which are preferably separated from each other, wherein the at least one profile element (160) is preferably arranged in a grid-like and/or island-like pattern. Upper part (101) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the microstructured surface (150) comprises a thermosetting elastomer, preferably polyurethane, PU, rubber and/or silicone; and/or wherein the microstructured surface (150) comprises a thermoplastic elastomer, preferably thermoplastic polyurethane, TPU, polyamide, PA, thermoplastic polyether block amide, PEBA, and/or thermoplastic polyester elastomer, TPEE. Upper part (101) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the ball contact area (140) is configured to assist shooting and/or passing a ball by making each projection (151) of the plurality of projections (151) elastically bendable, such that each projection (151) of the plurality of projections (151) is configured to bend substantially upon contact with the ball. Top (101) after Claim 19 , wherein each projection (151) of the plurality of projections (151) is configured to essentially not bend upon contact with the ball during a dribbling event. Top after Claim 19 , wherein each projection (151) of the plurality of projections (151) is elastically bendable such that each projection (151) of the plurality of projections (151) is configured to bend such that a side section of each projection (151) or an upper section of each projection (151) contacts an outer surface of the upper or an adjacent projection upon contact with the ball. Upper (101) for a shoe, in particular a sports shoe, comprising a ball contact area (140) which includes at least one profile element (160) arranged on the outer surface of the upper; a. wherein the at least one profile element (160) comprises a microstructured surface (150) which includes a plurality of projections (151); b. wherein the profile element (160) is configured to assist in shooting and/or passing a ball; c. wherein each projection (151) of the plurality of projections (151) has the form of a column. Top (101) after Claim 22 , wherein the profile element (160) comprises a thermosetting elastomer, preferably polyurethane, PU, rubber and/or silicone. Top (101) after Claim 22 or 23 , wherein one or more, preferably each, projection (151) of the plurality of projections (151) comprises an aspect ratio defined by a height of a projection compared to a width of the projection of at least 1.1, preferably at least 1.2, preferably at least 1.3, preferably at least 1.4, preferably at least 1.5; and/or of at most 10, preferably at most 8, preferably at most 6, preferably at most 4, preferably at most 3. Top (101) according to one of the Claims 22 until 24 , wherein one or more, preferably each, projection (151) of the plurality of projections (151) comprises a width of at least 0.05 mm, preferably at least 0.08 mm, preferably at least 0.1 mm; and/or of at most 1.0 mm, preferably at most 0.7 mm, preferably at most 0.5 mm, preferably at most 0.3 mm. Top (101) according to one of the Claims 22 until 25 , wherein the distance between two adjacent projections of the plurality of projections is 1.2 to 3 times the width, preferably 1.2 to 2 times the width. Top (101) according to one of the Claims 22 until 26 , where each projection of the multitude of projections has a height of 0.2 to 1.2 mm. Top (101) according to one of the Claims 22 until 27 , wherein the microstructure surface (150) comprises a contact section defined by aggregated upper surfaces of the projections (151) of the plurality of projections (151), the upper surfaces facing away from the top part, wherein a contact surface coverage is 20% to 70%, preferably 25% to 50%, more preferably 30% to 40%, the coverage being defined by the aggregated upper surfaces of the projections (151) of the plurality of projections (151) in relation to the microstructure surface (150). Top (101) according to one of the Claims 22 until 28 , wherein each projection comprises a Shore A hardness of 30 to 110 Shore A, preferably 35 to 60 Shore A, more preferably 40 to 55 Shore A. Top (101) according to one of the Claims 22 until 29 , wherein the microstructure surface (150) comprises a base element (156), wherein the plurality of projections and the base element (156) are formed by shapes of the profile element (160) such that the plurality of projections is formed integrally with the base element (156). Top (101) according to one of the Claims 22 until 30 , wherein the at least one profile element (160) comprises at least one macroprotrusion that is larger than one of the protrusions (151) of the plurality of protrusions (151). Upper part (101) according to the preceding claim, wherein the macroprotrusion has a width of 0.8 mm to 5 mm and/or a height of 1.3 mm to 5 mm. Top (101) according to one of the Claims 22 until 32 , wherein the at least one profile element (160) extends at least partially into a medial toe section, a medial midfoot section and/or a medial distal foot section of the upper part. Top (101) according to one of the Claims 22 until 33 , wherein the at least one profile element (160) has a substantially rhombic, circular and/or grid-like shape. Top (101) according to one of the Claims 22 until 34 , wherein the profile element (160) is a first profile element (160), wherein the upper part comprises a second profile element (160'), wherein the second profile element (160') is spaced apart from the first profile element (160). Shoe (100), in particular a sports shoe, wherein the shoe (100, 200, 300) comprises: an upper according to one of the Claims 1 - 35 ; and a sole (102, 202) attached to the upper (101).