DE102023134648A1 - Device and method for applying labels - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for monitoring and ensuring the quality of a labelling process, comprising the steps:
- Providing a label (10),
- providing an object with a surface (20) to be provided with the label (10),
- Attaching the label (10) to the surface (20) to be provided with the label (10),
- Detection of at least one parameter characteristic of the quality of the labelling process,
- Comparing the detected value with a target value and
- Adjusting at least one parameter for the label application process if the detected value deviates from the target value beyond a tolerable level. Furthermore, the invention relates to a labeling device suitable and configured for carrying out this method.

Description

The present invention relates to a device and a method for monitoring and ensuring labeling quality.

Numerous devices and methods for applying labels to containers are known from the prior art. Typically, labels for containers, such as bottles, are coated with cold or hot glue in such devices and then applied to the container. The coating of the labels with cold or hot glue is usually carried out by first moving pallets or similar transfer elements along a gluing unit on a pallet carousel and bringing them into contact with a glue roller to produce a coating of glue on the pallets. This coating of glue enables the labels to be picked up from a magazine using adhesive and is essentially transferred to the labels. The labels can then be turned using a gripper cylinder and subsequently transferred to the containers.

In other devices known from the prior art, the labels are first picked up individually using vacuum pallets, then coated contactlessly with glue jets by a gluing unit and then transferred directly to an outer surface of a container.

Embodiments of both types of devices mentioned above are described, for example, in the published patent application DE 10 2020 130 531 A1 described by the applicant.

Current developments in the field of container treatment equipment, particularly in the field of bottling plants for filling beverages into bottles, allow the treatment of very large quantities of containers in a short time.

This directly results in a labeling system downtime being particularly serious, as the usual large number of containers cannot be labeled during this time. Accordingly, the loss caused by a system downtime increases. Therefore, there is a need for a labeling system that can avoid or at least significantly reduce downtime.

To solve this problem, it was found that it is advantageous to monitor the quality of the labeling process as continuously as possible in order to be able to counteract any possible loss of quality during ongoing operation.

This can be ensured by the subject matter of the independent patent claims. Preferred further developments are the subject matter of the independent patent claims.

• - Bereitstellen eines Etiketts,
• - Bereitstellen eines Objekts mit einer mit dem Etikett zu versehenden Fläche,
• - Anbringen des Etiketts auf der mit dem Etikett zu versehenden Fläche,
• - Detektion mindestens einer für die Qualität des Etikettiervorgangs charakteristischen Größe,
• - Vergleichen der detektierten Größe mit einem Sollwert und
• - Anpassen mindestens eines Parameters für den Prozess des Anbringens des Etiketts, falls die detektierte Größe über ein tolerierbares Maß hinaus vom Sollwert abweicht.

A method according to the invention for monitoring and ensuring the quality of a labelling process therefore comprises the steps:

• - Providing a label,
• - Providing an object with an area to be labelled,
• - Applying the label to the surface to be labelled,
• - Detection of at least one parameter characteristic of the quality of the labelling process,
• - Comparing the detected value with a target value and
• - Adjusting at least one parameter for the label application process if the detected size deviates from the target value beyond a tolerable level.

This method makes it possible to monitor the labeling process and detect early on any characteristic quality deviating from a target value. This allows for early countermeasures to be taken to ensure that subsequent labeling processes also meet the specified quality requirements.

For example, if it is detected that the adhesive is no longer being applied in sufficient quantity, the application quantity could be readjusted.

In a preferred variant of the method, the adhesive force of the label on the surface to be labeled is selected as a parameter characteristic of the quality of the labeling process.

For example, if it is detected that the label does not adhere sufficiently to the surface to be labeled, the amount of adhesive applied could be increased. Insufficient adhesion of the label to the surface to be labeled could be detected, for example, by the label slipping after being pressed onto the surface to be labeled, forming waves, or protruding from the surface to be labeled at the edges.

Such deficiencies in the quality of the labeling process can be counteracted in various ways. In addition to the aforementioned change in the application quantity of the adhesive, the adhesive strength could also be changed. It is also conceivable that the setting time of the adhesive could be shortened. This would allow the necessary adhesive strength to be achieved earlier. This could be achieved, for example, by changing the temperature and/or applying radiation.

In a preferred method variant, the adhesive force of the label on the surface to be labeled is increased by exposure to radiation. This is preferably achieved by exposure to electromagnetic radiation in the UV and/or visible wavelength range.

In this regard, it is conceivable that the adhesive contains an activatable substance that, upon activation due to insufficient adhesive strength, triggers the polymerization of other substances contained in the adhesive. The activatable substance could, for example, be a photoinitiator. The polymerization triggered upon activation could, for example, occur catalytically.

It is also conceivable that the radiation exposure causes a temperature change in the adhesive, which, for example, initiates and/or accelerates a chemical reaction. It is also conceivable that the radiation exposure and temperature increase expel a substance, such as a solvent, from the adhesive, thus increasing the relative proportion of adhesive-active substances. It is not necessarily necessary for the substance to be completely removed. Rather, a reduction in the proportion of this substance (for example, a solvent) could be sufficient to increase the relative proportion of adhesive-active substances to such an extent that a sufficiently strong adhesive force can be ensured between the label and the surface to be labeled.

Preferred catalysts have proven to be one or more catalysts from a group comprising polyvalent metal ions, for example zinc acetate or zirconium carbonate, metal chelates, particularly preferably trivalent complexes, metal acid esters, (optionally polyfunctional) isocyanates, polycarbodiimides, N-methylolacrylamide, N-(alkoxymethyl)acrylamide, allyl N-methylolcarbamate, N-formyl-N'-acryloylmethylenediamine, vinylsilanes, acryloxysilanes, organofunctional silanes, (optionally polyfunctional) ethyleneimines and propyleneimine derivatives.

Peroxides, particularly hydrogen peroxide, have also proven suitable as an alternative or supplement to the catalysts mentioned above as a reagent for increasing adhesive strength. These, like hydrogen peroxide, often have the advantage that the peroxide functionality can be easily destroyed, and the resulting reaction product is harmless, and in the case of hydrogen peroxide, for example, is water. This is particularly advantageous when the container to be labeled is a food container, such as a beverage bottle.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the power of a radiation device (also referred to as a radiation exposure device) is increased until a sufficient adhesive force is ensured between the label and the surface to be labeled. In particular, the power of an emitter for electromagnetic radiation in the UV range is increased according to the respective requirements. It has been shown that in this way the adhesive force can be increased particularly easily to such an extent that a sufficient adhesive force is ensured. Furthermore, such a process has comparatively little influence on the throughput or the speed of the container treatment. For example, it is conceivable that the objects are all conveyed past the UV radiation emitter together at the intended speed and only those objects for which a lack of adhesive force between the label and the surface to be labeled was determined to be exposed to UV radiation by the UV emitter during this transport.

A particularly high number of labeling processes per unit of time often take place in the packaging industry. In this sector, downtimes - i.e. times during which no labeling process can be carried out, for example due to maintenance work - are particularly detrimental to the efficiency of a labeling device. It is therefore particularly preferred that the object with the surface to be provided with the label is a container, preferably a bottle. The method for labeling a can or a glass bottle or a pulp bottle or a plastic bottle, particularly preferably a bottle comprising PET, has proven to be further preferred. The application of labels to the above-mentioned containers takes place at particularly high speeds, so that the method according to the invention offers particular advantages with regard to reduced downtimes.

A pulp bottle can be a container made of cellulose or fibrous material.

If the container is made of plastic, it can be made of any UV-stable plastic.

The area to be labelled is preferably a section of an outer surface of a food container, preferably a beverage bottle.

The label is preferably a label for a food container, preferably a beverage bottle.

In a preferred method variant, the detection of at least one parameter characteristic of the quality of the labeling process is performed optically. This has the advantage that the detection can be performed contactless, which in turn reduces potential damage (both to the detector and to a label and/or container). Furthermore, friction losses and wear are reduced.

A detector can comprise a single sensor or a plurality of sensors. However, a detector preferably comprises at least one sensor which can determine a value characteristic of the labeling process. Since a detector in this variant comprises at least one sensor, all properties described for a sensor within the scope of this invention should also apply to a detector as a whole. It should also be understood that at least one sensor can determine at least one of the values detected by the detector device and characteristic of the labeling process. In simplified terms, all properties disclosed for a sensor should also apply to the detector as a whole, and all properties disclosed for the detector should also apply to at least one sensor. The terms "detector device", "detector", and "detection device" should be understood as synonyms within the scope of this invention. A "detection device" is also referred to as an "inspection device".

A method variant has proven particularly preferred in which the optical detection of any quality defects occurs when the surface bearing the label is exposed to electromagnetic radiation in the UV and/or visible wavelength range. This exposure to electromagnetic radiation in the UV and/or visible wavelength range can be reflective or transmissive, i.e. using incident or transmitted light. Multiple detection of quality defects is also conceivable, for example, reflective at one position along the object's transport path and transmissive at another. Alternatively or in addition to this, it would be conceivable for both reflective and transmissive exposure to electromagnetic radiation to occur at the same position along the transport path. The electromagnetic radiation used for this purpose could, for example, differ in wavelength and/or polarization.

In a preferred method variant, an object for which a deviation from the target value of the parameter characteristic of the quality of the labeling process is detected that exceeds the tolerable level is removed from a transport path for labeled objects. The transport path from which the object is removed is preferably the transport path on which objects are transported whose labels are applied with sufficient quality.

This makes it possible to transport at least those objects that have been labeled with sufficient quality at the intended speed. This ensures that even if quality defects are detected in individual objects, the production process following the labeling process can continue as usual.

In this context, it would also be conceivable for the labeled objects to first be fed into a buffer zone and then transferred from this buffer zone to further processing steps, such as the assembly of larger packaging units. Such a buffer zone can ensure that a sufficient number of the labeled objects are available for the subsequent process steps without having to reduce the process speed for the subsequent process steps.

• - einer Nachbehandlungsstrecke zugeführt wird, oder
• - dem Etikettiervorgang erneut zugeführt wird.

If it is intended that individual objects can be ejected, it is particularly preferred that an ejected object

• - is fed to a post-treatment line, or
• - is fed back into the labeling process.

In a post-treatment section, for example, a temperature and/or radiation exposure could be applied, which improves the adhesive force between a label and the surface to be labeled. This could be achieved, for example, by activating corresponding substances in an adhesive composition. It would also be conceivable – for example, when using stocking labels – that a further temperature exposure could trigger or intensify the shrinkage of the label.

Preferably, a post-treatment section also includes a detector, which essentially corresponds to the detector described above and by means of which the quality of the labeling or, in this case, the post-processing, can be checked. However, it is also conceivable for the post-treatment section not to have a separate detector, but rather to feed the post-treated objects to the transport path upstream of the detection device described above, so that the post-treated objects can also be checked together with the objects treated for the first time by the same detection device.

It is also conceivable that a rejected object is returned to the labeling process. In this case, it is preferable that a previously unapplied label, or one that was not applied with sufficient quality, is removed. This could be done mechanically, for example, by peeling off the non-adherent or poorly adhered label. However, for some adhesives, a process variant has also proven advantageous in which the label and/or the object are wetted with a solvent, which can reduce the adhesive strength between the label and the surface to be labeled.

With the process variants described above, it should be noted that discharge into a post-treatment line and return to the labeling process are not fundamentally mutually exclusive. While an individual object can only be discharged into one of the lines described above, it is conceivable that an object with inadequate labeling could first be discharged into a post-treatment line and – should the post-treatment be unsuccessful – returned to the labeling process. This type of process can further reduce the reject rate of objects that are not labeled or are not labeled with sufficient quality. This is particularly economically viable for high-value objects or filling goods. In addition, this type of process offers advantages in terms of process sustainability and reduced reject rate.

In a preferred embodiment, at least two different adhesive compositions are used to apply a label to a surface to be labeled. For example, it is conceivable that a different adhesive is used in the edge regions of a label than in a central region of the label. This allows a particularly strong adhesive to be used in the areas subject to the greatest stress, while a cheaper and possibly less strongly adhesive can be used in areas subject to less stress.

Alternatively or additionally, the amount of adhesive applied using a single adhesive could be varied across the surface of the label. This variation can achieve an effect similar to using different adhesives. Locally varying amounts of adhesive applied can also ensure that areas of the label that are subject to particular stress adhere more strongly to the surface to be labeled than areas that are subject to less stress. This process also enables savings, as the amount of adhesive applied can be reduced in certain areas, particularly in the large interior area of a label. Furthermore, this embodiment is easier to implement in terms of equipment than the variant described above using multiple adhesives, as only a single adhesive needs to be kept in stock and only a single application device needs to be provided.

In a preferred embodiment, different areas of a label or the adhesive composition holding the label are exposed to electromagnetic radiation of different wavelengths. By varying the wavelength in this way, and thus also the energy applied per unit area and/or the energy absorbable by the adhesive composition, it is also possible to vary the adhesive strengths in different surface areas. This process variant can also ensure that particularly stressed areas adhere more strongly to the label and/or the surface to be labeled than others.

A radiation source that can emit the desired radiation and/or several of the desired radiations has been shown to be preferred for exposure to electromagnetic radiation.

LEDs are particularly preferred. These are particularly energy-efficient and capable of generating high energy densities. They also offer the possibility of mounting several LEDs, which are suitable for emitting electromagnetic radiation of different wavelengths, in close proximity to one another or even on a common carrier, such as a common circuit board. This makes it possible to create an emitter for different wavelengths in a small space. Furthermore, it is possible to equip the emitter by arranging different LEDs so that the different wavelengths are emitted in different ranges with different intensities. For example, the range with which the edge regions of a label exposed to UV radiation have a higher density of LEDs emitting UV radiation than an area exposed to an interior of the label. By forming such patterns in an LED array or LED matrix, complex optics can be eliminated, which would direct the emitted radiation to specific areas of the label or the adhesive layer between the label and the surface to be labeled at a later time.

In particular, it is preferred that the electromagnetic radiation be emitted in the form of pulses or flashes. By varying the length of such a flash or pulse, the amount of radiation can be dosed. By selecting the time of emission of the pulse or flash, it is possible to define which area of the object is exposed to the radiation when an object is moved past the emitter. If an emitter has a pattern of different radiation sources (e.g., LEDs), as described above, this pattern and the local variation in the radiation exposure generated by this pattern can also be transferred to the object to be labeled, i.e., the label or the adhesive layer. Emitting the radiation as a pulse or flash also has the advantage that there are rest phases between the pulses and flashes, during which the LEDs emit no radiation and accordingly produce no or only extremely small amounts of heat. During these times, heat can be dissipated and the radiation emitter can be cooled.

In the context of the description of this invention, the terms "adhesive", "adhesive agent", "glue" and "adhesive composition" are used synonymously. A "glue" is an example of an "adhesive composition". Accordingly, any disclosure of this invention using the example of a "glue" shall also be deemed to be disclosed analogously for an "adhesive" or "adhesive agent". Conversely, any disclosure of this invention using the example of an "adhesive" or "adhesive agent" shall also be deemed to be disclosed analogously for a "glue".

Neither the terms "glue" nor "adhesive" or "bonding agent" should be understood as limiting the way in which a bond is formed between two materials. For example, chemical setting (e.g., through (progressive) polymerization or cross-linking), physical setting (e.g., through solvent evaporation, diffusion, or cooling), and combinations thereof are conceivable within an adhesive composition.

In the context of this invention, a polymer is understood to be a substance that comprises macromolecules, each of which is in turn made up of several repetitive units. The repetitive units do not have to be identical, but can also differ within a macromolecule (e.g., copolymers). The macromolecules can each form a single chain or be branched. A macromolecule can be synthetically produced or of natural origin. It is also conceivable for a naturally occurring molecule to be synthetically converted into a macromolecule. Polymers can also comprise mixtures of synthetic and natural macromolecules. The chain length and/or molecular mass of individual macromolecules within a polymer mass usually differs. However, the chain lengths and/or molecular mass are preferably within a predefined range.

An adhesive composition can be, for example, a solution, emulsion, suspension, or mixture. A mixture can be homogeneous or heterogeneous.

The adhesive composition preferably exhibits viscoelastic behavior, which enables its rapid application. For example, a solution, emulsion, suspension, or mixture could have a viscosity very similar to that of water. This helps, for example, during spraying, during satellite formation, and during the tear-off behavior of the jet, and thus in avoiding contamination of the nozzle surfaces. The latter, in particular, enables long operating times for corresponding labeling devices and long maintenance intervals. Preferably, the adhesive composition has a viscosity of ≤ 25,000 mPa s and more preferably ≤ 10,000 mPa s at 20 °C, measured according to DIN EN ISO 2555 and/or DIN 51810-1. Unless otherwise stated, all viscosity data in the context of this invention refer to a viscosity at 20 °C measured according to DIN EN ISO 2555 and/or DIN 51810-1.

However, the adhesive composition should be sufficiently viscous to prevent running or dripping.

Preferably, the solution, emulsion, suspension, or mixture (homogeneous or heterogeneous) is applied to the label and/or the surface to be labeled using a glue roller, in particular by rolling the label or surface onto the glued roller. The viscosity of the adhesive composition in this case is preferably ≤ 250,000 mPa s and > 10,000 mPa s, preferably ≤ 100,000 mPa s and > 25,000 mPa s. It has been shown that a viscosity in the range of these values is particularly suitable for high flow velocities. This allows for a very homogeneous distribution on the label or the surface to be labeled.

The glue used is preferably cold glue. Hot glue can also be used, but this is the exception and less preferred.

The adhesive preferably comprises an acrylate. This can be, for example, an oligoacrylate or (long-chain) polyacrylate. Polyacrylates have proven to be particularly suitable adhesives for applying labels to containers.

In a preferred process variant, the temperature of the adhesive composition at the time of any necessary post-treatment is ≥ 15°C, preferably ≥ 20°C, more preferably ≥ 30°C, and especially preferably ≥ 40°C. It has been shown that a temperature in this range has a positive effect on the reaction rate and, in particular, enables a rapid increase in adhesive strength, for example through post-polymerization. For example, a polymerization reaction is significantly accelerated at elevated temperatures. Cross-linking of polymers can also proceed more quickly at elevated temperatures. In addition to the increased reaction rate, a positive effect on adhesive strength can also be achieved at these temperatures through evaporating solvent.

Preferably, at least individual steps of the method described above or at least parts of this method are carried out computer-aided, preferably as a computer-implemented method step. In particular, it is preferred that all steps necessary to carry out the selected method variant are carried out computer-aided, preferably as a computer-implemented method step. A single (in particular processor-based) computer system or several separate computer systems can be used. A computer system can comprise several computing devices which can carry out (optionally in parallel) different or identical method steps (optionally multiple times). These several computing devices can, for example, be arranged on a common chip or be designed as virtual computing devices on a computer system.

A computer and/or processor device is preferably designed such that it can execute program code that encodes the method described above or at least parts of this method. This program code can be stored in the data storage device. In particular, in combination with the above-described possibility of the processor device also storing data in the data storage device, this creates the possibility of changing the program code and, for example, adapting it to changed conditions. For example, it is possible to react to other labels, containers to be labeled, adhesive compositions, polymers, adhesive-active substances, solvents, emulsifiers, catalysts, viscosities, adhesive forces, application speeds, transport speeds and other process parameters, in particular of the labeling process.

The method, i.e. at least one method step, is preferably carried out using a machine learning model, in particular a trainable one. The model preferably comprises a set of parameters, in particular trainable ones, which are set to values learned as a result of a training process. This makes it possible to detect deviations from a target value detected by the detection device at a stage in which they have no noticeable negative impact on the labeling process or product quality. Through training as described above, a machine-trainable system can derive correlations between such deviations and labeling errors that could arise in the future. This makes it possible to counteract the occurrence of these labeling errors even before they occur.

At least one computer device is preferably connected, at least temporarily, to a data network. This makes it possible for the computer system or the computer device to receive updates and thus, for example, to be trained to detect new labeling errors or to improve, i.e., make more precise, an algorithm for calculating a labeling error risk (derivable, for example, from the occurrence of an anomaly). The data network can comprise a computer device with an artificial intelligence system that receives data from a plurality of computer devices (in particular, different labeling devices) and, from this data and from labeling errors that actually occur and those that do not actually occur in individual labeling devices, generates improved algorithms for calculating a labeling error risk.

The machine learning model is preferably used to execute a (computer-implemented suitable) computer method and determines in which (computer-implemented) perception and/or detection tasks are carried out, for example (computer-implemented) methods for semantic segmentation and/or (computer-implemented) object classification. During object classification, a signal detected and/or displayed in the measured values (or in the sensor data characteristic of the measured values) is assigned to a (previously learned and/or predetermined) class. The classes can be (among other things) a meaning (particularly with regard to a labeling error) of a detected signal and/or a notification variable characteristic of a meaning of the detected signal.

The machine learning model is preferably based on an (artificial) neural network (AI - Artificial Intelligence). Sensor data (or data derived therefrom) are preferably fed to the artificial neural network as input variables. The artificial neural network preferably maps the input variables to output variables depending on a parameterizable or parameterized processing chain (using the trainable or trained parameters).

Such a neural network can, for example, be designed as a deep neural network (DNN), in which the parameterizable processing chain has a plurality of processing layers, and/or a so-called convolutional neural network (CNN) and/or a recurrent neural network (RNN). The parameterizable processing chain is preferably parameterized through training. Datasets related to the (base) datasets and/or training datasets described above are preferably used as training data. Training is preferably carried out using supervised learning. However, it would also be possible to train the artificial neural network using unsupervised learning, reinforcement learning, or stochastic learning.

The present invention is further directed to a computer program or computer program product comprising program means, in particular a program code, which represents or encodes at least individual and preferably several method steps (individually or in combination with one another) of the method according to the invention and preferably one of the described preferred embodiments and is designed to be executed by a processor device.

The present invention is further directed to a data memory on which at least one embodiment of the computer program according to the invention or a preferred embodiment of the computer program is stored.

Furthermore, the invention is directed to a labeling device that is preferably configured, suitable, and/or intended to carry out the method described above as well as some or all of the method steps already described above in connection with the method, individually or in combination with one another. Conversely, the method can preferably be carried out with all of the features described in the context of the labeling device, individually or in combination with one another.

A labeling device according to the invention for applying a label to a surface of an object to be provided with the label comprises a transport device by means of which an object provided with the label can be brought into the detection range of a detection device. The detection device is in data communication with a computer device and is provided and configured to determine at least one variable characteristic of the quality of the labeling process and to transmit a value correlating thereto to the computer device. The computer device is provided and configured to compare the value correlating to the detected variable with a target value. It is in data communication with a control device of the labeling device and is provided and configured to send at least one piece of data to the control device if the value correlating to the detected variable deviates from the target value beyond a tolerable level.

The data connection between the detection device and the computer device, as well as between the computer device and the control device, makes it possible for the control device to adapt the control of the labeling device based on the detection result. In a very simple embodiment, this makes it possible for objects whose label is not arranged or attached as desired on the surface to be labeled to be rejected. In particular, however, it is provided that operating parameters of the labeling device are adapted based on the detection result. For example, it is possible for the control device to adjust parameters of the labeling process as soon as deviations from a target value are detected by the detection device so that the deviations no longer occur.

A detected deviation from a target value does not necessarily have to be a value already determined by a A deviation can be a defect on the label or the labelled object that is recognizable to the consumer. It is also conceivable that a deviation is so small that it is not noticeable to a user or does not even represent a limitation in the usability of the labelled object. Such a deviation could, for example, be an uneven application of the adhesive and/or the adhesive precursor. Such uneven application does not necessarily result in the label not adhering sufficiently firmly. Nevertheless, it is desirable that such a defect does not become more pronounced over the course of a production cycle. It is therefore advantageous that steps are taken to eliminate such a deviation as soon as it is detected for the first time. This preferably leads to maintenance intervals being able to be extended further.

The labeling device preferably comprises an ejection device, by means of which an object for which the correlating value deviates from the target value beyond a tolerable level can be fed to a post-treatment section or a return section. The object can preferably be fed back to the labeling process via the return section. To prevent multiple labels from being applied to one object, it is preferred that a label removal device be arranged in the region of the return section.

In a preferred embodiment, the detection device comprises a sensor sensitive in the UV and/or visible wavelength range. Preferably, an exposure device and/or transillumination device with electromagnetic radiation in the UV and/or visible wavelength range is also provided, by means of which the label and/or the surface provided with the label can be exposed while the object is within the detection range of the sensor. Even if a detection device with a sensor sensitive in the UV and/or visible wavelength range can already deliver good results in the detection of labels that are not applied with sufficient quality, the detection rate can be further increased with an exposure device and/or transillumination device. In particular, this makes it possible to use radiation in a wavelength range in which the label and/or the object are transparent or at least absorb or reflect little radiation. In such a case, for example, the homogeneity of the adhesive application can be checked particularly well.

In a preferred embodiment, the labeling device has a reservoir for a subsequently activatable adhesive, which is in fluid communication with an application device for the adhesive. Furthermore, the labeling device preferably comprises a first transport device, by means of which the label and/or the surface to be provided with the label can be brought into the effective range of the application device, as well as a second transport device arranged downstream of the application device along a transport path of the label. By means of this second transport device, the label is movable relative to the surface to be provided with the label for application of the label.

The detection device is preferably arranged along the transport path downstream of the second transport device.

The labeling device preferably comprises a transfer surface for applying the adhesive to the label and/or the surface to be labeled. The transfer surface is preferably a peripheral surface of a glue roller. It has been shown that applying the adhesive to the label and/or the surface to be labeled using a transfer surface, for example, a glue roller, is particularly easy and, in particular, enables a homogeneous application of the glue.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the labeling device comprises a cold glue unit with a glue roller.

Preferably, the labeling device, which may be a cold glue unit, for example, comprises rotatable pallets for transporting the labels and/or a label magazine for holding individual labels. Such an embodiment has proven particularly advantageous for making the labeling device relatively compact, enabling high throughput rates, and yet still ensuring easy maintenance. Feeding and/or refilling labels is also easily possible with such a configuration.

The control device is preferably provided and configured to adjust a process parameter of the labeling process in order to bring the labeling quality back into a desired range in the event of a detected deviation from a target value. This is achieved, for example, by adjusting a property or component from a group comprising a labeling speed, adhesive application, adhesive selection, adhesive activation, cross-linking of the adhesive, temperature adjustment, and radiation exposure.

In the above example of uneven application of adhesive to the label or the surface to be labeled, it is conceivable, for example, that the control device increases the application quantity of adhesive and/or adhesive precursor. This could ensure that the adhesive is now present in the intended quantity even in areas where a smaller amount of adhesive was applied. It would also be conceivable to compensate for such a deviation by increasing the performance of the catalyst in such an area. This could be achieved, for example, by increasing the temperature in the area where the adhesive force deviates from a predetermined target value. Such a local increase in catalytic activity could, alternatively or additionally, be achieved, for example, by focusing electromagnetic radiation in this area.

Preferably, the control device is connected to a server via a data line (optionally also wirelessly). This makes it possible to provide updates to the control device. These updates can, for example, serve to provide improved algorithms. This could, for example, as described above in terms of the method, allow future errors that are indicated by such deviations to be better detected or counteracted more efficiently when deviations from a target value occur. The server could, for example, be part of a network, preferably a neural network and particularly preferably an artificial intelligence network.

The labeling device preferably has at least one valve and/or at least one pump. This valve and/or the pump are preferably controllable by the control device. The control device is particularly provided and configured to control the valve and/or the pump within the framework of a method as described above such that the value that correlates with the quantity characteristic of the quality of the labeling process approaches a target value.

In a further preferred embodiment, the labeling device has a temperature control device, preferably a heating device. By means of such a temperature control device, in particular a heating device, the adhesive and/or the adhesive precursor can be set to a desired temperature. This temperature can, for example, be selected such that the reaction of the adhesive sets sufficiently within a certain period of time so that the label can then securely adhere to the surface to be labeled. By adjusting the temperature, for example by means of a corresponding control command from the control device, it is thus possible to vary the adhesion of the adhesive and/or the adhesive precursor obtained after a certain time and thus preferably also the adhesion of the label to the surface to be labeled, and to approximate the corresponding value, which thus correlates to a variable characteristic of the quality of the labeling process, to a target value.

In a further preferred embodiment, the labeling device comprises a transport device that individually transports objects to be labeled, preferably containers. In particular, the objects or containers are gripped individually. It is possible for the transport device to grip the containers at least by their neck or opening. The transport device is preferably designed as a rotary device.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the device comprises several transport units, which are preferably arranged one after the other and which transport the containers. It is also possible to provide a transfer device in the area of which the transport changes from a bottom-guided transport of the containers to a neck-guided transport of the containers, or vice versa.

In a preferred embodiment, the labeling device comprises a cutting unit, by means of which label precursors can be cut into labels. Such a cutting unit can be arranged along the transport path upstream or downstream of an adhesive composition application device. Such a cutting unit can, for example, cut labels from a label precursor and is preferably arranged upstream of an adhesive composition application device, so that the label is cut before the adhesive is applied.

Further advantages and embodiments can be seen in the attached drawings:

• 1 eine schematische Darstellung einer eine Etikettiereinrichtung in einer Anlage zur Behandlung von Behältnissen;
• 2 eine schematische Darstellung einer Ausführungsform einer Etikettiereinrichtung zum Überwachen der Qualität der Aufbringung eines Etiketts;
• 3 eine Etikettiereinrichtung wie sie in einer Anlage integriert sein könnte mit einer Rückführeinrichtung für Behältnisse, und
• 4 eine schematische Schrägansicht einer Ausführungsform einer Etikettiereinrichtung zum Aufbringen eines Etiketts.

Showing:

• 1 a schematic representation of a labelling device in a plant for treating containers;
• 2 a schematic representation of an embodiment of a labeling device for monitoring the quality of the application of a label;
• 3 a labelling device such as could be integrated into a system with a return device for containers, and
• 4 a schematic oblique view of an embodiment of a labeling device for applying a label.

1 shows a schematic of a labeling device 10 as it could be integrated into a system 1 for treating containers 20. However, such a system configuration is purely illustrative. Individual or multiple process steps or system components contained in the system 1 in the illustrated embodiment could be carried out/arranged at different times and/or locations from other process steps or system components. For example, it would be conceivable for the containers to be filled and sealed in a first system component and labeled only at a later time and/or in another system.

In the embodiment shown, preforms 20 are first sorted in a sorting device 30 and then fed to a temperature control device 40 via a feed rail 36. If desired, the preform lengths could also be subjected to a sterilizing agent in a (not shown) application device, which could be activated, for example, by the subsequent temperature application in the temperature control device 40. In the blow molding device designated by reference numeral 50, the preforms 20 are formed into the containers 20. Since preforms are also suitable for receiving a filling material and differ essentially in dimension from a container formed therefrom, preforms are also referred to as containers and are also designated by reference numeral 20.

The elements designated by reference numeral 60 and shown only schematically represent various blow molds that are kept ready to convert the blow molding device 50 to different shapes of the containers 20. After leaving the blow molding device 50, the formed containers 20, in the example shown, are fed to a filling station 80 via a plurality of transport devices 70. Reference numeral 90 designates a closing device in which the filled containers 20 are closed. Reference numeral 100 represents only schematically illustrated format carriages with which the filling device 80 can be converted to different container shapes.

Reference numeral 110 designates an optionally available rotating device. This device allows the filled containers 20 to be rotated—particularly when hot contents are being removed. This ensures that all parts of the inner container surface are contacted by the hot contents and that any sterilizing agent present can be activated.

Reference numeral 120 denotes a buffer device. This device comprises several conveyor belts 120A (not further identified). Such a buffer device 120 makes it possible to compensate for fluctuations in production speed and to provide a continuous number of containers 20 per unit of time for subsequent steps.

The conveyed containers are separated by the separating device designated by reference numeral 130. Preferably, this process also adjusts the distance between two containers following one another along the transport path. After separation, the containers are then freed in the drying device 140 of any liquids that may be present, which—particularly if they are located on the outer surface—could potentially negatively influence the subsequent labeling process.

In the embodiment shown, the labeling device 10 is arranged downstream of this drying device 140. The labeling device 10 comprises a control device 510 which is in data communication with other parts of the labeling device via data connections 14A, 14B and 14C. The control device 510 is connected to a labeling unit 370 via a data connection 14A. This makes it possible to dynamically adjust the parameters of the labeling process. For example, it would be conceivable to vary a contact pressure or a contact duration. It would also be conceivable to vary the glue application via an adhesive application device 380. The application quantity, the application area, a selection of different adhesives or a pattern with which one or more different adhesives are applied could be changed. Therefore, the adhesive application device 380 is preferably also in data communication with the control device 510.

Furthermore, a radiation exposure device 22 is preferably connected to the control device 510 via a data connection 14B. This radiation exposure device 22 can, for example, serve to activate an adhesive. This radiation exposure device 22 is preferably designed such that it can respectively can be exposed to different radiation intensities. This can result in different activations of these areas. In particular, it is possible for the different areas to exhibit different adhesive strengths after exposure to radiation.

In addition, the control device 510 is in data communication with an inspection device 500. The inspection device 500 preferably comprises a sensor that optically inspects the labeled containers. However, "optical" in this regard should not be understood to mean that the inspection is limited to the (wavelength) range visible to humans. Rather, it is conceivable that the optics (also) operate in a wavelength range that lies outside the light visible to humans. In particular, it is preferred in this regard that the sensor is at least also UV-sensitive.

If the inspection device 500 detects deviations from a target value that lie outside a tolerance range, the control device 510 calculates options for how the labeling parameters can be changed, preferably during operation, such that the detected parameter(s) lying outside the tolerance range are shifted back within the tolerance range. For example, if an excessively low adhesive force is detected in an area of the label, the radiation device 22 can be controlled such that the radiation emitters acting on this area emit more radiation. This could, for example, increase the adhesive force in an adhesive.

Reference numeral 150 denotes format carriages through which various adapters, carrier labels and other changeable parts are kept ready in order to convert the labeling device 10 to different shapes of the containers 20 and/or labels.

In the illustrated embodiment, a further drying device 160 is arranged downstream of the labeling device 10. This could, for example, serve to expel solvent from the adhesive and/or to cure an adhesive.

Further downstream, the labeled containers are distributed among several transport paths T in a line distributor 170. In the example shown, two transport paths T _A and T _B are provided. The individual containers can then be combined into bundles, each containing several of these containers. A bundle manufacturing device 180 is provided for this purpose. In such a bundle manufacturing device 180, the individual containers could also be inserted into corresponding larger containers. The larger containers could be, for example, beverage crates or packages.

Subsequently, the containers are optionally sealed. This could be done, for example, by thermally treating a shrink film. A sealing device 190 is provided for this purpose, which could, for example, be a stocking tunnel.

Reference numeral 210 denotes format carriages for the container manufacturing device 180. These provide modules that enable the container manufacturing device 180 to be adapted to different formats of containers and/or containers.

Optionally, it is conceivable that a carrying aid is attached to the individual containers and/or packages by means of a so-called “handle applicator” 220.

Reference numeral 230 designates robot arms that move the containers to different levels, thus forming multiple layers of containers. These multiple layers are then formed into pallets in a palletizer 240.

The reference number 250 designates molded carriages for the palletizers 240, by which they can be adjusted to different containers, bundles or pallets.

2 schematically shows a labeling device 10 for monitoring the quality of label application. Labels are identified in this figure by reference numeral 300. The labels 300 to be applied are held ready in a storage container 310. A single label 300 can be removed from this storage container 310. This is done by means of a rotatable transport element 350, which can, for example, pick up a label 300 through the application of negative pressure and bind it to the surface of the rotating carrier 340. A transport element 350 for receiving a label is also referred to as a pallet 350. The entirety comprising the rotatable carrier 340 and at least one transport element 350, preferably a plurality of transport elements 350 arranged thereon, can be designed as a pallet carousel 400.

Once a label 300 has been picked up by a transport element 350, the transport element 350 continues to rotate in the direction of rotation D. The label 300 thus reaches a first inspection device 360, which can be used to determine whether the label is correctly picked up and aligned.

After a further rotation along the direction of rotation D, the label 300 carried by the transport element 50 reaches a treatment station 370. This treatment station 370 can, for example, be a device 370 for applying an adhesive. Particularly preferably, the treatment station 370 comprises a glue roller designated by reference numeral 380.

After a further rotation along the direction of rotation D, the label 300 reaches another inspection device 390. At this point, for example, it can be checked whether the adhesive has been applied correctly. Preferably, this inspection device 380 also determines at least one parameter that is characteristic of a (preferably local) adhesive strength. It is also conceivable that the inspection device 390 checks the homogeneous distribution of the adhesive over the entire label surface 300a. If the inspection is successfully completed, the label 300 can be rotated further along the direction of rotation D to a transfer position 390. Otherwise, the label should be ejected.

At the transfer position 320, the label 300 is transferred from the transport device 350 to the container 20 to be labeled. For this purpose, a container 20 is preferably brought into the transfer area 390 on a circular path K. The container 20, preferably a bottle 20, is preferably transported individually. This can be done, for example, by holding the bottle 20 on a gripping ring. It is preferably held by a clamp (not shown). Furthermore, it is preferred that the container 20 is supported by a counterforce element at the level of the label to be applied. This counterforce element (not shown) ensures that the bottle is held close to the transport element 350 for the labels 300 and thus comes into secure contact with the adhesive surface 300a of the label 300. As a result, the label 300 adheres to the container 20 and is taken over by it. Additional pressure on the 300 label is usually no longer necessary.

Once the label 300 is attached to the container 20, the container 20 is transported further along the circular path K. This transport can take place continuously, for example by means of a rotating transport device (not shown in detail). It is generally not necessary for the container 20 to be stopped on this path K for the transfer of the label 300. Preferably, the container 20 is guided along the circular path K to a pressing device 410, at which the label 300 is applied over its entire surface to the container 20. This can preferably be done by means of brushes 420. The circular path K on which the containers 20 are guided is 2 only shown in sections and marked with the reference symbol K. The transport direction T on which the containers 300 are guided on this circular path K along the transport path is marked with T.

In addition, 2 a further inspection device 500 and a control device 510 are shown. If the inspection device 500 detects that the label 300 is not correctly attached to the container 20 or that the adhesion between the label 300 and the container 20 is not sufficiently strong, corresponding information can be sent to the control device 510 via a (possibly wireless) data connection 530. The control device can then control individual parts of the labeling device via corresponding data connections 14A, 14B in such a way that the quality of the labeling is improved. This feedback preferably occurs before the quality of the labeling is so poor that a poorly labeled container 20 would have to be rejected and is no longer usable.

To analyze the label quality, the inspection device 500 preferably includes a computer device 520. In the example shown, this is depicted as part of the inspection device 500. However, it is also conceivable that the computer device 520 is connected to the inspection device 500 via a data connection and arranged at a distance from it. For example, the computer device 520 could be part of a computer network, for example, the Internet. The (image) data provided by the inspection device 500 is preferably analyzed by an artificial intelligence system installed on the computer device 520.

3 shows a labeling device 10 as it is also used, for example, in a 1 In contrast to the system shown in Annex 1, 1 The labeling device 10 shown in 3 In the labeling device 10 shown, a return device 260 is provided for containers 20 whose labeling does not meet the required quality standards. If, during the inspection of the labeled containers 20 by the inspection device 500, it is recognized that the quality of the labeling is not sufficiently good, for example because the label 300 is not correctly positioned and/or the adhesion of the label 300 to the container 20 is not sufficiently strong, this container 20 can be removed from the Transport path of the correctly labeled containers 20. Such a discharged container 20 is fed back to the labeling device 10 on the return path 260. During the transport of such a container 20 on the return path 260, the incorrectly adhered label 300 can be removed if necessary. This makes it possible for the container 20 to then be fed to the transport path T together with other unlabeled containers 20 and to be fed back to the labeling device 10 on this path.

Preferably, a relative position of a returned container 20 with respect to the non-returned containers 20 is transmitted to the computer device 520 or the control device 510. This ensures that a container 20 that has already been returned once is recognized as such based on its position. This makes it possible for a container 20 to only be able to undergo a certain number of returns. For example, if a container is recognized by the inspection device 500 as incorrectly labeled, but has already been returned several times and subjected to a new labeling attempt, the control device 510 can be controlled such that such a container 20 is discarded and is not fed again for relabeling on the transport path 260.

4 shows schematically an embodiment of a radiation exposure device 22. Such a radiation exposure device 22 comprises several radiation emitters 280, 290. The radiation emitters 280 and 290 are in 4 different, since they can also differ with regard to a radiation property. For example, it is conceivable that different radiation emitters emit radiation of different wavelengths and/or different intensities. Preferably, at least one class of radiation emitters 280 or 290 is LEDs (light emitting diodes). Regardless of the type of radiation emitter, it is preferred that at least one class of radiation emitters 280 or 290 emits radiation in the UV and/or visible range (UV-Vis).

Each of the radiation emitters can be provided, individually or in a group, with an optical system that directs the respective radiation onto a point and/or area of the label 300, the surface to be labeled, and/or a pressure-sensitive adhesive. Adjacent areas preferably contact or overlap one another, creating a continuous row and/or area of irradiated areas. This ensures that all areas relevant to the adhesion of the label 300 are exposed to radiation.

It has been shown that the edge regions of a label 300 adhering to a container are subject to particular mechanical stress. Therefore, it is desirable for the adhesive force of an adhesive to be particularly strong in these regions. This can be achieved, for example, by the radiation emitters 280 arranged in this region and/or irradiating this region emitting radiation that causes stronger adhesion in the pressure-sensitive adhesive. For example, the radiation density and/or energy density of the radiation emitters 280 could be greater than that of the radiation emitters 290. The radiation emitters 290 are located in regions from which sections of the label and/or the pressure-sensitive adhesive are irradiated, which are subject to less stress and can therefore have a lower adhesive force. Therefore, it is conceivable, for example, that less electrical energy is supplied to the radiation emitters 290 and that they can thus be operated more economically than the radiation emitters 280.

In 4 The radiation exposure device 22 is depicted as an array having the various radiation emitters 280, 290 at different positions in a two-dimensional space. Such an embodiment is preferred for many applications, since such an array can be used to expose a two-dimensional surface of a label and/or a pressure-sensitive adhesive to radiation, for example, with short radiation flashes.

Typically, however, the labels and/or the pressure-sensitive adhesive are guided past the radiation exposure device 22. Accordingly, for some applications, it is sufficient to design the radiation exposure device 22 not as a two-dimensional array, but as a line along which radiation emitters 280, 290 are arranged. If a label and/or a pressure-sensitive adhesive is guided past such a linear radiation exposure device 22, a two-dimensional area can be irradiated depending on the duration of the radiation emission or the speed at which the label and/or the pressure-sensitive adhesive is guided past the radiation source.

It is conceivable that by changing the radiation of one or more radiation emitters 280, 290 a 4 For example, it would be conceivable that a strong radiation exposure would initially be applied in a central area of the label. The radiation is then reduced and then increased again to ensure the strongest possible adhesion of the label in the edge areas. In contrast, radiation could be permanently imitated in the upper and lower areas of the label so that these equally highly stressed areas can adhere sufficiently firmly to the surface to be labeled.

The applicant reserves the right to claim all features disclosed in the application documents as essential to the invention, provided that they are novel, individually or in combination, over the prior art. It is further noted that the individual figures also describe features that may be advantageous in and of themselves. The skilled person will immediately recognize that a particular feature described in a figure may be advantageous even without adopting further features from that figure. Furthermore, the skilled person will recognize that advantages may also arise from a combination of several features shown in individual or different figures.

List of reference symbols

1

Container treatment plant, plant

10

Labeling device

14A, 14B, 14C

Data connection

20

container, bottle, preform

22

radiation exposure device, radiation device

30

Sorting device

36

Feed rail

40

Tempering device

50

Blowing device

60

Format trolley blowing device

70

Transport device

80

filling station

90

Closing device

100

Format trolley filling device

110

Rotating device

120

Control device

120A

conveyor belt

130

Separation device

140

Drying device

150

Format trolley labeling device

160

Drying device

170

Line distributor

180

Container production facility

190

Closing device

210

Format trolley container production device

220

Handle applicator

230

Robot arms

240

palletizer

250

Form trolley palletizer

260

Return device

280, 290

Radiation emitter

300

label

300a

Label surface

310

Storage container for labels, label storage

320

Inspection facility

340

rotatable carrier

350

Transport element, pallet

360

Inspection facility

370

Treatment station

380

glue roller

390

Transfer area

400

pallet carousel

410

Pressure device

420

brush

500

Detection device, inspection device

510

Control device

520

Computer setup

530

Data connection

D

Direction of rotation

K

circular orbit

T

Transport direction, transport path

TA, TB

Transport paths

QUOTES CONTAINED IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of documents submitted by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the convenience of the reader. This list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 10 2020 130 531 A1 [0004]

Claims (10)

A method for monitoring and ensuring the quality of a labeling process, comprising the steps of: - providing a label (300), - providing an object with a surface to be provided with the label (300), - applying the label (300) to the surface to be provided with the label (300), - detecting at least one variable characteristic of the quality of the labeling process, - comparing the detected variable with a target value, and - adjusting at least one parameter for the process of applying the label if the detected variable deviates from the target value beyond a tolerable level. Procedure according to Claim 1 , characterized in that an adhesive force of the label on the surface to be provided with the label (300) is selected as a variable characteristic of the quality of the labeling process. Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an adhesive force of the label on the surface to be provided with the label (300) is increased by exposure to radiation, preferably exposure to electromagnetic radiation in the UV and/or visible wavelength range. Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the object with the surface to be provided with the label (300) is a container (20), preferably a bottle (20), more preferably a can or a glass bottle or a pulp bottle or a plastic bottle, particularly preferably a bottle comprising a PET. Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the detection of the at least one variable characteristic of the quality of the labeling process takes place optically, preferably during exposure, optionally during x-raying, of the label and/or the surface provided with the label (300) with electromagnetic radiation in the UV and/or visible wavelength range. Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an object for which a deviation from the target value of the variable characteristic of the quality of the labeling process is detected which exceeds the tolerable level is removed from a transport path for labeled objects whose label is applied in each case in sufficient quality. Method according to the preceding claim, characterized in that a discharged object - is fed to a post-treatment section (260), or - is fed again to the labeling process, preferably after removal of the label (300) which was not previously applied or was not applied in sufficient quality. Labeling device (10) for applying a label (300) to a surface of an object to be provided with the label (300), with a transport device by means of which an object provided with the label (300) can be brought into the detection range of a detection device, wherein the detection device (500) is in data communication with a computer device (520) and is provided and configured to determine at least one variable characteristic of the quality of the labeling process and to transmit a value correlating thereto to the computer device (520), characterized in that the computer device (520) is in data communication with a control device (510) of the labeling device and is provided and configured to compare the value correlating to the detected variable with a target value and to send at least one datum to the control device (510) if the value correlating to the detected variable exceeds a tolerable level deviates from the target value. Labeling device (1) according to Claim 8 , characterized in that it comprises a discharge device by means of which an object for which the correlating value deviates from the target value by more than a tolerable amount can be fed to a post-treatment section or a return section (260), wherein the object can preferably be fed again to the labeling process via the return section (260), and a label removal device is preferably arranged in the region of the return section (260). Labeling device (1) according to Claim 8 or 9 , characterized in that the detection device (500) comprises a sensor sensitive in the UV and/or visible wavelength range, wherein preferably an exposure device and/or transillumination device with electromagnetic radiation in the UV and/or visible wavelength range is provided, by means of which the label (300) and/or the surface provided with the label (300) is exposed can be struck while the object is within the detection range of the sensor.

Images