DE102023102988A1 - Distributed electrical storage system and motor vehicle therewith - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an electrical storage system (1) and a motor vehicle (13) equipped therewith. The storage system (1) has a central management module (2) and a plurality of cell modules (3) which are electrically connected to it but are otherwise separate and spatially separated from one another. The cell modules (3) each comprise a cell string made up of a plurality of battery cells (4) which are electrically connected in series. Individual electrical lines (11) lead from the management module (2) to connection points between all battery cells (4) which are adjacent in pairs in the cell strings along the serial connections. An electrical parallel connection of at least some battery cells (4) of different cell modules (3) is only realized in the management module (2) via these lines (11).

Description

The present invention relates to an electrical storage system and a motor vehicle equipped therewith.

Electrical storage systems, such as batteries and accumulators, are being used in an increasing number of applications, while at the same time the demands are constantly increasing. For example, greater maximum output, greater power density, greater safety, lower weight, smaller installation space requirements and the like are being sought. There are already various approaches and concepts for the construction of such electrical storage systems. For example, a development of high-voltage storage systems for motor vehicles from a module concept to a cell-to-pack concept and further to a cell-to-open body concept has been observed. At the same time, new or additional cell chemistries, such as NMC, NCA, LFP, Na or the like, are being used or can be used in a practical way. Nevertheless, there is still a need for improvements and optimizations, for example with regard to the safety and range of battery-electric vehicles and their costs.

One approach is described by the EN 10 2009 043 384 A1 a structural part for a vehicle that has a composite structure. The composite structure forms at least one cavity. One or a plurality of electrical energy cells are accommodated in this cavity or these cavities. This is intended to improve the use of electrical energy storage devices in vehicles.

The object of the present invention is to enable a particularly flexible arrangement and use of an electrical storage system.

This object is achieved by the subject matter of the main and subsidiary claims or the independent claims. Further possible embodiments of the invention are disclosed in the subclaims, the description and the figures. Features, advantages and possible embodiments that are set out in the description for one of the subject matter of the independent claims are to be regarded at least analogously as features, advantages and possible embodiments of the respective subject matter of the other independent claims and of any possible combination of the subject matter of the independent claims, if appropriate in conjunction with one or more of the subclaims.

The electrical storage system according to the invention can also be referred to or understood as a battery system or battery device. In particular, the electrical storage system according to the invention can be intended for a motor vehicle, for example as a traction battery. However, other applications are also possible, for example in other devices or systems or the like. The storage system according to the invention has a central management module, which can also be referred to as a battery management system (BMS) or battery management unit. The storage system also has several cell modules that are electrically connected - directly or indirectly - to this central management module, but are otherwise separate and spatially separated from one another. These cell modules each comprise at least one cell string made up of several battery cells that are electrically connected to one another in series, i.e. connected in series. These can be secondary cells in particular. The cell modules can also be referred to as arms or cell arms, since they can extend in different directions from the central management module - for example, like an octopus. An indirect connection of two cell modules, for example, can be achieved if the two cell modules are connected together via one or two or more contactors and this contactor or these contactors is or are then connected to the central management module. The management module can then be set up, for example, to control this contactor or these contactors.

The individual cell modules can each be spatially spaced from the management module and then connected to the management module, for example by connecting or connection lines, in particular flexible ones, or they can extend directly from the management module, i.e. extend directly away from it, for example from its housing. The individual cell modules can have their own individual housings in which the respective battery cells are arranged. Likewise, one or more of the cell modules can be designed without a housing. The battery cells of such a housing-free cell module can, for example, be surrounded or protected by one or more surrounding components and/or connected to one another by, in particular, flexible components, which will be explained in more detail elsewhere.

According to the invention, in the electrical storage system, individual electrical lines lead from the management module to connection points between all the cell strings of the cell modules along the serial connections in pairs. neighboring battery cells. An electrical parallel connection of at least some battery cells of different cell modules is only realized via these lines in the management module. These individual electrical lines for the parallel connection can also be referred to as parallel contact lines. These parallel contact lines can also be used or function as voltage taps for monitoring the cell voltages of the individual battery cells, i.e. as corresponding sense lines. Likewise, the cell modules can only be connected to one another in terms of power, although the sense lines still run to the central management module or are brought together there.

In other words, the electrical storage system according to the invention has no physical electrical parallel connectors or nodes or switching modules or the like for parallel connection of battery cells of different cell modules outside the central management module, i.e. outside its housing. In particular, parallel connection of several or all cells of one, several or all cell modules can also be implemented via the parallel contact lines in the management module. Several parallel strings, each consisting of several battery cells connected in parallel from the same or from several different cell modules, can be formed by appropriate connection of the parallel contact lines in the central management module.

The storage system according to the invention is therefore not a classic monolithic unit, nor a simple modular system of interconnectable monolithic cell modules, each of which has, for example, only two external connection contacts and otherwise represents a black box that cannot be specifically changed from the outside. Rather, the storage system is not only made up of cell modules that can be arranged flexibly relative to one another, but also enables a centrally controlled or managed or set complex and in particular flexible interconnection of the battery cells of the cell modules at cell level, even across multiple cell modules or across cell module boundaries, through the parallel contact lines and their central merging in the management module, despite the possibly distributed arrangement of the cell modules. This makes it possible to achieve or improve both spatial-mechanical flexibility and electrical-functional flexibility of the storage system. The cell modules or their battery cells can be or can be interconnected in the central management module, at least partially in parallel, serially or variably. By eliminating the physical parallel connection between all parallel-connected or parallel-connectable battery cells in the cell modules and between the cell modules and/or the elimination of individual CSCs (Cell Supervisory Circuits) of the individual cell modules, not only the flexible arrangement but also a flexible, i.e. flexible or shape-changing design of the cell modules can be supported or implemented particularly easily.

The spatial separation of the cell modules also enables improved safety to be achieved, since in the event of thermal runaway of a battery cell, fewer other battery cells in the immediate vicinity may be affected or stimulated to thermal runaway than could be the case with a conventional monolithic battery with a single housing in which all battery cells are arranged in blocks.

Despite the potentially distributed arrangement of the cell modules, the central management module can be used to arrange or provide central facilities for controlling and/or using the cell modules, such as connections for electrical consumers, monitoring and control devices, a communication module, a charging connection and/or the like. This can enable particularly simple and convenient use of the electrical storage system and correspondingly simple maintenance, while at the same time allowing flexible arrangement of the cell modules and correspondingly optimized use of installation space, even in complex environments.

In one possible embodiment of the present invention, the management module has a switching device that is designed for flexible cell-precise setting, i.e. changing a parallel connection or an electrical parallel configuration of all cells of the storage system, i.e. also across different cell modules. For this purpose, the switching device can, for example, have several electrical or electronic switches and a corresponding control. This means that, for example, during operation of the storage system, different connections or configurations of the battery cells, in particular different parallel connections or parallel configurations, can be set. This creates or provides a particularly simple and flexible way of reacting to different situations or requirements that may arise during operation or when using the storage system in different applications. Cell-precise setting of the parallel connection or parallel configuration can be achieved in the present sense. This means that not only can an entire cell module be connected in parallel to another entire cell module as required, but this is also possible for individual battery cells.

In a further possible embodiment of the present invention, at least two of the cell modules are connected in series in the management module or by means of the management module, in particular can be connected in series flexibly. This can also be implemented or carried out, for example, by means of the switching device of the management module mentioned elsewhere or an analogous thereto. In particular, different serial or parallel configurations can be implemented, i.e. set, in a flexible manner, i.e. can be changed or adjusted as required. The storage system according to the invention can thus be used or utilized in a particularly diverse and flexible manner. In particular, the individual cell modules do not necessarily have to have a certain minimum number of battery cells to achieve a predetermined output or nominal voltage of the storage system and can therefore be correspondingly small. This can enable a particularly flexible and effective or efficient use of even correspondingly small installation spaces and thus ultimately a particularly space-saving or space-efficient design and use of the storage system as a whole. This can also apply in particular to applications that require relatively high voltages, for example in the range of several 100 V.

In a further possible embodiment of the present invention, at least two of the cell modules have internally different m _p n _s configurations of their battery cells. A specific m _p n _s configuration describes an arrangement or electrical connection of battery cells with m battery cells in parallel and n battery cells in series, where m and n are positive integers. The embodiment proposed here enables the storage system according to the invention to be designed or used in a particularly flexible manner or in accordance with requirements for a wide variety of situations. For example, the individual cell modules can then have different sizes and/or shapes. This means that different cell modules can be fitted into different or differently sized or differently shaped installation spaces or available cavities or hollow spaces, for example. The cell-precise connection option in the central management module does not restrict the electrical functionality of the storage system as a whole.

In a further possible embodiment of the present invention, the battery cells of at least one cell module, in particular all cell modules, are connected to one another by a respective flexible, i.e. bendable or pliable or soft connecting component. Depending on the embodiment, this can be or include a mechanical connection, i.e. for example one that holds the battery cells together or in a composite, and/or an electrical connection and/or the like. Such a connecting component can be used to achieve or ensure the cohesion of the battery cells of a cell module in mechanical and/or electrical terms or the like. However, the flexibility of the connecting component does not predetermine the shape of the cell module or the corresponding composite of battery cells, but rather leaves it free or changeable to at least a certain extent. This can be seen, for example, in contrast to a conventional rigid module frame or module housing and/or a rigid contact plate or the like. The flexibility of the connecting component proposed here means that the respective cell module can be fitted or inserted particularly easily, for example, into complex-shaped cavities or installation spaces. This therefore enables simplified assembly and/or particularly flexible or effective or efficient use of installation space, since the storage system according to the invention or at least one of its cell modules can be arranged in an installation space that would not be suitable or usable for a conventional rigid cuboid cell module, for example. For this purpose, in particular all connecting components that connect the battery cells of the respective cell module to one another or hold them can be designed to be correspondingly flexible.

According to a possible development of the present invention, the flexible connecting component is or comprises a cell contacting system (ZKS) and/or a sense and/or balancing line. The cell contacting system can be set up or used for electrically contacting the battery cells, in particular for their electrical serial connection within the respective cell module. Such a flexible cell contacting system can, for example, be formed at least partially from an FPC material (FPC: flexible printed circuit). A sense line can serve as a voltage tap or for monitoring the current voltage of the cell module or one or more groups of battery cells of the cell module or the individual battery cells of the cell module. A balancing line can serve for balancing, i.e. for equalizing or adjusting the charge states or voltages within the cell module, i.e. the battery cells. Depending on the design, the flexible connecting component can accordingly have several components. components, for example lines and/or cables and/or supports and/or films and/or the like. The respective flexible connecting component can be led from the respective cell module, for example, to the central management module or into it, for example to a switching or control device arranged there, which can, for example, centrally control balancing and/or monitor the voltages or the like. The development of the present invention proposed here enables the corresponding functionalities to be realized or used while at the same time providing flexible design and applicability of the cell modules or the storage system as a whole.

In a further possible embodiment of the present invention, the storage system has a cooling system that has individual temperature control for the individual cell modules and/or is set up for individual temperature control for the individual cell modules. The cooling system can here in particular mean parts arranged directly in or on the electrical storage system or its other components mentioned. This cooling system can be coupled to other components, such as a coolant pump and/or coolant lines and/or a control or regulation system, in the intended installation position. Optional. The cooling system can, for example, be decentralized or comprise several cooling circuits or independent or independently controllable partial cooling systems, in particular one or more for each cell module. Likewise, the cooling system can, for example, have a central coolant line or a central coolant circuit and, for each cell module, an individual branch extending from it with its own controllable or adjustable valve. This means that the different cell modules can be individually and independently temperature-controlled. The cooling system or at least a part of the cooling system extending in at least one cell module or along at least one cell module can be particularly flexible, i.e. bendable or pliable or soft. For example, a coolant line made of a correspondingly flexible material can be used for this purpose. The cooling system or at least one flexible part thereof can, for example, be the flexible connecting component mentioned elsewhere or form part of it. The use of cell-module-based cooling or temperature control proposed here can enable improved flexibility in the arrangement and shaping of the cell modules and, if appropriate, simplified production or assembly. In particular, with a flexible, i.e. flexible design of the at least one cell-module-side part of the cooling system, it can, for example, easily be arranged in a complex or irregularly shaped, for example curved, hollow or installation space without sacrificing effective cooling or temperature control for the battery cells. An appropriate cooling system can improve the safety and performance of the electrical storage system and, if necessary, enable a particularly space-saving arrangement or a particularly effective and efficient use of installation space by the storage system. A control or regulator for the cooling system or its multiple cooling circuits or partial cooling systems can, for example, be arranged or implemented in the central management module. This can enable a particularly efficient design of the cooling system, since, for example, individual control or regulating devices in the individual cell modules can be saved or combined or integrated in the management module. If the individual cell modules are designed differently, for example with regard to a performance requirement, and/or are used differently and/or different cell modules are or will be arranged in different installation spaces with different thermal properties and/or connections and/or environments, the cooling system can, for example, be arranged and set up only to cool or temper a part of the cell modules. Such different installation spaces can be, for example, a first installation space in an outer skin or an external body part of a motor vehicle that is therefore exposed to the environment and a second installation space in an interior or center of the motor vehicle, for example in a center tunnel or under a rear seat bench or the like. Overall, a particularly flexible and needs-based design of the storage system can be supported here.

In a further possible embodiment of the present invention, the storage system comprises battery cells with different cell chemistries. In particular, the cell chemistries of the battery cells of different cell modules can differ from one another. In other words, the battery cells of one cell module can have the same cell chemistry, but the cell chemistries of the battery cells of different cell modules can differ from one another. However, at least one of the cell modules can also comprise battery cells with different cell chemistries. The use of different cell chemistries can enable a particularly effective and efficient handling of different requirements. This can be useful, for example, if different environments or installation positions of the different cell modules require different cooling systems. possibilities and/or offer different protection against mechanical influences or loads and/or the storage system is used to supply different electrical consumers with different power requirements or load profiles, whereby, for example, the management module can be set up to assign different cell modules for supply to different consumers.

The different cell chemistries make it particularly easy and practical to create battery cells of different sizes, different performance, different charging speeds, different response times to different ambient temperatures and/or different aspects or parameters. This can enable appropriate prioritization of different battery cells or cell modules depending on the situation and particularly precise size adjustment of the cell modules to complex-shaped installation spaces or spaces that are not the same size across their entire length and/or width. This not only enables a particularly flexible arrangement of the cell modules and a particularly diverse, effective and efficient use of the installation space, but also a particularly flexible or situation-adapted operation of the storage device in different situations.

In addition, the use of different cell chemistries makes it possible to better meet increasing requirements, for example with regard to the greatest possible total capacity or the greatest possible range of a motor vehicle equipped with the storage system, as well as with regard to weight reduction and the smallest possible installation space requirement compared to conventional batteries, since a higher or stronger integration of the battery cells or cell modules into various parts of a motor vehicle, for example, is made possible. For example, load-bearing or safety-relevant vehicle areas as well as vehicle parts or vehicle areas that only provide relatively small or narrow or flat hollow or installation spaces become accessible for the integration or arrangement of a cell module of the storage system according to the invention.

The present invention also relates to a motor vehicle which has the electrical storage system according to the invention, in particular as a traction battery or as part thereof. However, the storage system can also be set up or used to supply other electrical systems or consumers of the motor vehicle. The motor vehicle according to the invention can in particular be the motor vehicle mentioned in connection with the storage system according to the invention or correspond to this. The use of the storage system according to the invention in the motor vehicle according to the invention can represent a particularly effective and useful application, since today's motor vehicles can often have complex-shaped cavities or installation spaces between various other parts or components, which can also be distributed throughout the motor vehicle, while at the same time the overall available installation space is very limited and strict packaging requirements exist and safety and stability requirements must be met. With regard to these aspects or requirements, the storage system according to the invention can be advantageous, for example, in comparison to conventional vehicle batteries. The large number of vehicle variants or derivatives of a model that often exist today also allows for a high degree of flexibility when it comes to exchanging vehicle components with an integrated cell module, as these can be flexibly connected to the management module, which is the same across multiple vehicle variants or derivatives, and can therefore also be exchanged particularly easily.

In one possible embodiment of the present invention, at least one of the cell modules of the storage system is integrated into or arranged in a body component and/or a load-bearing structural part of the motor vehicle. In particular, several different cell modules can be integrated into or arranged in different body components and/or load-bearing structural parts of the motor vehicle. In other words, at least one of the cell modules can be arranged, for example, in a body pillar and/or in a floor and/or in a roof and/or in the rear and/or in the front and/or in a side part of the motor vehicle or the like. Such an integrated arrangement of the at least one cell module or cell modules can enable particularly efficient use of installation space and a particularly precise adjustable weight distribution while at the same time providing a particularly large total capacity of the storage system. Depending on the design of the battery cells, these can contribute to reinforcing or stiffening the respective vehicle part. This makes it possible to achieve a particularly low total weight of the motor vehicle with a given level of stability.

Further features of the invention can be derived from the claims, the figures and the description of the figures. The features and combinations of features mentioned above in the description as well as those shown below in the description of the figures and/or in the figures alone. The features and combinations of features can be used not only in the combination specified but also in other combinations or on their own without departing from the scope of the invention.

• 1 eine schematische Perspektivdarstellung eines elektrischen Speichersystems;
• 2 eine ausschnittweise schematische Darstellung des elektrischen Speichersystems zur Veranschaulichung einer Verschaltung von dessen Batteriezellen; und
• 3 eine schematische Darstellung eines Kraftfahrzeugs mit dem elektrischen Speichersystem.

The drawing shows in:

• 1 a schematic perspective view of an electrical storage system;
• 2 a partial schematic representation of the electrical storage system to illustrate the interconnection of its battery cells; and
• 3 a schematic representation of a motor vehicle with the electrical storage system.

In the figures, identical and functionally equivalent elements are provided with the same reference symbols. For the sake of clarity, only a representative selection of identical or similar elements that are present multiple times is explicitly marked.

1 shows, by way of example, a schematic perspective view of an electrical storage system 1. This comprises a central management module 2 and several - in the example shown here, six - cell modules 3. The cell modules 3 in turn each comprise several battery cells 4.

The cell modules 3 can originate directly or immediately from the management module 2 or - as indicated here as an example for one of the cell modules 3 - can be electrically connected to the management module 2, for example by a flexible connecting line 5. The cell modules 3 can be spatially or mechanically independent of one another, i.e. separate from one another. This is also illustrated here by the fact that the cell modules 3 extend in different directions away from the management module 2 and have different sizes and shapes as well as sometimes different numbers and configurations of battery cells 4.

As indicated here by way of example for one of the cell modules 3, the battery cells 4 of each cell module 3 can be electrically connected to one another, in particular in series, by a flexible cell contact system 6, for example based on FPC or the like. As indicated here for another cell module 3 by two parallel strings of battery cells 4, the battery cells 4 within a specific cell module 3 can also be electrically connected or connected in parallel or in a combined serial and parallel configuration.

As an example, a sense and/or balancing line 7 is indicated for one of the cell modules 3. This allows the individual battery cells 4 of the respective cell module 3 to be electrically connected, for example in order to implement a respective voltage monitoring and/or balancing. The sense and/or balancing line 7 can comprise or represent several individual conductors or individual lines.

As is indicated here by way of example by the different representation of some battery cells 4, the battery cells 4 of different cell modules 3 and/or the battery cells 4 within a cell module 3 can have different cell chemistries.

As indicated here by way of example for one of the cell modules 3, the battery cells 4 can be cooled or tempered by means of a cooling system 8. For this purpose, a decentralized cooling system 8 or, for example, an individual cooling system 8 for each cell module 3 to be cooled or the like can be provided. In particular, a part of the cooling system 8 extending along the battery cells 4 can follow the shape or contour of the battery cells 4, in particular be flexible.

The individual battery cells 4 of the cell modules 3, in particular of all cell modules 3, or connection or contact points located between two adjacent battery cells 4, for example along a respective serial connection of the battery cells 4 within a respective cell module 3, can be connected by a respective parallel connection or parallel contact line 11 (see 2 ) electrically connected to the management module 2. In addition, a parallel connection of the battery cells 4 of several cell modules 3 or across the boundaries of the cell modules 3 can be realized within the management module 2 or by means of the management module 2, in particular it can be dynamically or flexibly adjustable or changed.

For further illustration, 2 another partial schematic representation of the electrical storage system 1. Here, a switching device 9 is indicated within the management module 2. The parallel contact lines 11 can be brought together in this switching device 9. The switching device 9 can, for example, have a circuit logic for flexible or demand-oriented or adjustable parallel connection of the battery cells 4 of the individual cell modules 3 or also across several or all cell modules 3. The switching device 9 can also be set up for, in particular, flexible or variable, serial connection of the cell modules 3 with one another. These functions can be for example, by a matrix of electrical or electronic switching elements, power semiconductor switches and/or the like of the switching device 9. As an example, three cell modules 3 are shown here, each with a plurality of battery cells 4 connected in series. A respective spatial distance 12 is indicated between the cell modules 3, by which the individual cell modules 3 are separated from one another. As an example, two of the cell modules 3 shown here have a 1 p configuration of their battery cells 4, while the third cell module 3 has a 2p configuration of its battery cells 4. The latter cell module 3 has internal parallel connectors 10 between the individual battery cells 4, by means of which the two parallel cell strands of this cell module 3 are connected to one another.

The electrical storage system 1 can be used, for example, as a battery for a vehicle, such as a traction battery and/or for the electrical supply of any electrical consumer of the vehicle, such as lighting, electronics, a coolant pump, a heat pump, electric servomotors, an air conditioning device and/or the like. 3 an exemplary schematic representation of a corresponding motor vehicle 13 that is equipped with the electrical storage system 1. The motor vehicle 13 has a plurality of vehicle components 14, which can be, for example, body and/or load-bearing structural components. The vehicle components 14 can be, for example, a front, a door, a floor, a rear, a roof, an A-pillar, a B-pillar, a C-pillar and/or the like. At least one of the cell modules 3 can be integrated into each of these vehicle components 14. The cell modules 3 or their battery cells 4 can be arranged in a cavity formed by a rigid vehicle component 14 or function as load-bearing and/or structural or shaping components for the respective vehicle component 14. The management module 2 can also be integrated into one of the vehicle components 14 or arranged outside the vehicle components 14.

Overall, the examples described show how a distributed electrical storage system that offers particularly high flexibility can be realized.

List of reference symbols

1

Storage system

2

Management module

3

Cell module

4

Battery cells

5

Connecting line

6

Cell contact system

7

Sense and/or balancing line

8th

Cooling system

9

Switching device

10

internal parallel connectors

11

Parallel contact lines

12

Distance

13

Motor vehicle

14

Vehicle component

QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of documents listed by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA accepts no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 102009043384 A1 [0003]

Claims (10)

Electrical storage system (1) having a central management module (2) and a plurality of cell modules (3) which are electrically connected thereto but are otherwise separate and spatially separated from one another and which each comprise at least one cell string made up of a plurality of battery cells (4) which are electrically connected in series, wherein individual electrical lines (11) lead from the management module (2) to connection points between all battery cells (4) which are adjacent in pairs in the cell strings along the serial connections and an electrical parallel connection of at least some battery cells (4) of different cell modules (3) is only realized via these lines (11) in the management module (2). Electrical storage system (1) according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the management module (2) has a switching device (9) which is designed for the flexible, cell-precise setting of a parallel connection of all cells of the storage system (1). Electrical storage system (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the management module (2) at least two of the cell modules (3) are connected in series, in particular can be flexibly connected in series. Electrical storage system (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least two of the cell modules (3) have internally different m _p n _s configurations of their battery cells (4). Electrical storage system (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the battery cells (4) of at least one cell module (3) are connected to one another by a flexible connecting component (6, 7, 8). Electrical storage system (1) according to Claim 5 , characterized in that the flexible connecting component comprises a cell contacting system (6) and/or a sense and/or balancing line (7). Electrical storage system (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the storage system (1) has a cooling system (8) which has an individual temperature control for the individual cell modules (3) and/or is set up for an individual temperature control for the individual cell modules. Electrical storage system (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the storage system (1) comprises battery cells (4) with different cell chemistries. Motor vehicle (13) comprising an electrical storage system (1) according to one of the preceding claims, in particular as a traction battery. Motor vehicle (13) after Claim 9 , characterized in that at least one of the cell modules (3) is integrated into a body component (14) and/or a load-bearing structural part (14) of the motor vehicle (13), in particular different cell modules (3) are integrated into different body components (14) and/or load-bearing structural parts (14) of the motor vehicle (13).

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