DE102014009086A1 - Charging device for an electrical energy store and vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a charging device (L) for an electrical energy store (2) of a vehicle (1), comprising at least one vehicle-side coupling element (5) for connecting the electrical energy store (2) to an external supply network (8), the coupling element (5) comprises at least one fault protection switch (5.1).

Description

The invention relates to a charging device for an electrical energy storage device of a vehicle, wherein the charging device comprises at least one electrical coupling element for connecting the electrical energy storage device to a foreign supply network. Furthermore, the invention relates to a vehicle with such a charging device.

From the DE 10 2009 001 962 A1 For example, a charging system for use in a vehicle having vehicle ground ground potential is known. The charging system includes a vehicle high-voltage network, which includes a high-voltage battery with battery separator, and optionally one or more consumers. Furthermore, the charging system includes a with the high-voltage battery conductively connected, can be integrated into the vehicle charger with power disconnecting device, which is connected via power plug with a charging current network. In addition, one or more RCCBs, a protective conductor and means for permanent protective conductor function monitoring during a charging process and means for monitoring the insulation of the vehicle high-voltage network and the charger are provided before the start of a charging process. The one or more RCCBs are used for fault current monitoring during a charging process, the RCCBs are arranged such that the charging system is separable from a connected charging network via the RCCB. The protective conductor is connectable to the vehicle ground, wherein the means for protective conductor function monitoring is configured such that when impairing the protective conductor function, the battery separator of the high-voltage battery and the power disconnecting device of the charger can be triggered. The means for insulation monitoring are designed such that upon detection of an insulation fault, the battery separator of the high-voltage battery and the power disconnecting device can be triggered.

The invention has for its object to provide a comparison with the prior art improved charging device and a vehicle with such an improved charging device.

The object is achieved with respect to the charging device by the claim 1 and in terms of the vehicle by the features specified in claim 6.

Advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

A charging device for an electrical energy storage device of a vehicle comprises at least one vehicle-side coupling element for connecting the electrical energy storage device to a third-party supply network. According to the invention, the vehicle-side coupling element comprises an error protection switch.

Preferably, the vehicle-side coupling element is formed as a modular unit, wherein the error protection switch is formed as an enclosed or shielded module and is arranged in the vehicle.

By means of a charging device designed in this way with a fault protection switch arranged in the vehicle, it is possible to charge the electrical energy store, in particular a battery, with a conventional charging cable with household current, whereby the fault protection switch is protected against environmental influences, such as rain, in the vehicle, for example in the boot is.

In addition, the coupling element with integrated fault protection switch is arranged protected in the vehicle, so that an effort for watertight sealing of the coupling element is not required.

The risk that the fault protection switch and / or the coupling element lie in a puddle and / or another vehicle drives over it is at least reduced by means of the charging device according to the invention.

Due to the vehicle-mounted arrangement of the fault protection switch and the coupling element, it is therefore not necessary that the fault protection switch and the coupling element waterproof, waterproof and relatively mechanically robust perform, so that they are relatively inexpensive to produce.

In addition, the risk of contamination of the fault protection switch and / or the coupling element, for example with oil in a workshop, at least reduced, so that a relatively difficult cleaning of the fault protection switch and / or the coupling element can be omitted.

Embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to drawings.

It shows:

1 schematically a vehicle with a charging device, and

2 schematically in detail the loading device.

Corresponding parts are provided in all figures with the same reference numerals.

In the 1 is a vehicle 1 with a charging device L for charging, in particular external charging, an electrical energy storage 2 of the vehicle 1 , hereinafter as a battery 2 indicated.

The energy storage 2 is doing a third party loading by means of an on-board charging unit 3 (also called charger) via an on-board charging line 4 and one by means of a coupling element 5 Coupling, especially external charging cable 6 with a foreign network 8th connectable.

The external supply network 8th is in particular a home-own voltage network (= alternating voltage network), in particular a 230 (250, 260) V voltage network, or an external voltage network (= alternating voltage network), in particular a 400 (380, 420) V voltage network of a charging station. For vehicles with high power ratings, high HV on-board voltages of 650 V to 800 V are possible. An associated charging electronics is then designed as a high-performance electronics, which comprises power semiconductors with a blocking capability up to, for example, 360 V, 600 V or 1200 V.

The vehicle 1 is an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle with a recharging function for the battery 2 (also called plug-in), which is the battery 2 is a traction battery. In the 2 Loading device L shown in detail includes the on-board loading unit on the loading side 3 and a high-voltage electrical system B, via which the charging unit 3 with the battery 2 and the battery 2 is connected to at least one consumer V, in particular an air conditioning compressor. On the supply side, the charging device L comprises the on-board charging line 4 over which the loading unit 3 with the coupling element 5 is connected and via this with the external supply network 8th can be coupled.

Depending on the structure of the charging unit 3 This can be an encapsulated, in particular electrically and galvanically isolated, electrical system disconnecting device 3.1 , in particular a circuit breaker, and electronics 3.2 , in particular a power electronics, such as a power converter, in particular a rectifier include.

The loading unit 3 is for charging with the battery 2 coupled, wherein the electrical system disconnecting device 3.1 is provided, at least during operation of the vehicle 1 when the charging unit 3 is not needed, this from the high-voltage electrical system B of the vehicle 1 and thus from the battery 2 to separate the radio interference.

This separation serves to eliminate interference between the charging unit 3 and in the vehicle 1 arranged, electrical consumers, such as a radio to produce. This freedom from interference is also known as electromagnetic compatibility. In this case, the separation to achieve the freedom from interference preferably on the battery side and / or loading side, as described in the charging unit 3 by means of the electrical system disconnecting device 3.1 , respectively.

By means of the charging line 4 is the loading unit 3 with the coupling element 5 connected.

The coupling element 5 is formed as a modular unit and includes at least as a module an error protection switch 5.1 , also called FI switch for short, which thus also in the vehicle 1 is arranged.

In one possible embodiment, the coupling element 5 and with this the fault protection switch 5.1 in the tailgate area 1.2 of the vehicle 1 arranged.

The fault protection switch 5.1 is as an encapsulated or gehaustes module, in particular a galvanically and electrically isolated module in the trunk 1.1 of the vehicle 1 protected against environmental influences, especially weather conditions such as rain and snow. For example, the error protection switch 5.1 surrounded by a case or body. This does not require the fault circuit breaker 5.1 waterproof form. Furthermore, the error protection switch 5.1 due to the arrangement in the vehicle 1 protected against contamination.

For electrical connection of the modular coupling element 5 with integrated error protection switch 5.1 with an external charging cable 6 For example, a conventional charging cable without costly shields (a conventional household charging cable), is the coupling element 5 on the supply side with at least one charging connection adapter 5.2 coupled, in particular releasably connected. The charging port adapter 5.2 is for holding different charging plugs 6.1 or charging sockets.

The charging port adapter 5.2 can also be modular. In particular, the charging port adapter 5.2 on the to the coupling element 5 , in particular to the module fault protection switch 5.1 , coupled side coupling side a unitary connection element 5.2.1 for the electrical and mechanical connection, in particular a reversible connection, such as a plug-in, latching and / or clamping connection, of the charging connection adapter 5.2 to the fault protection switch 5.1 on.

On the supply-side terminal side of the charging port adapter 5.2 includes this for various charging plugs 6.1 or charging sockets each separate connection elements 5.2.2 for the electrical and mechanical connection, in particular a reversible connection, such as a plug-in, latching and / or clamping connection, of the charging connection adapter 5.2 to the external charging cable 6 on.

In other words: the coupling element 5 with the fault protection switch 5.1 and the dockable charging port adapter 5.2 is manufactured according to the so-called modular system, so that depending on the country-specific later use of the vehicle 1 electrical variants, such. B. with respect to 110 volts and 220 V, by means of the module of the error protection switch 5.1 as a basic unit or basic body and by means of the module of the charging connection adapter 5.2 with the uniform connection element 5.2.1 and the plurality of separate connection elements 5.2.2 according to required equipment variants are feasible. In this case, the modular coupling element 5 further electronic units, such as connection elements for a bus system, in particular a data bus system or a radio network.

Is the error protection switch 5.1 provided for securing a 3-phase line, can additionally in the coupling element 5 , in particular in the module of the error protection switch 5.1 , a safety device must be integrated, so before using the charging device 1 a phase check for correct connection is feasible.

The coupling element 5 can only use the error protection switch 5.1 with integrated connection element for coupling the charging cable 6 include. In this embodiment, there is no charging port adapter 5.2 intended. In this case, the coupling element comprises 5 according to the design of the fault protection switch 5.1 a plug or socket so that the charging device 1 via a plug connection with the charging cable 6 can be coupled.

In an expanded embodiment, with regard to the country-specific use, the coupling element can be provided 5 and in particular the fault protection switch 5.1 with the cable or charging port adapter 5.2 to couple, the coupling is preferably factory and the charging port adapter 5.2 provided is the charging device 1 and in particular the coupling element 5 to charge the battery 2 to be able to use transnationally without great effort, whereby an enormous cost advantage can be achieved.

At the charging cable 6 It is a conventional extension cable, which at one end a charging plug 6.1 (or alternatively a charging socket), which is in a socket 7 For example, at home or in an office building (or vice versa, in the charging socket a plug) is plugged to the battery 2 to load.

To the battery 2 in the fully closed and closed state of the vehicle 1 to be able to load at least, that is with the coupling element 5 connected charging cable 6 through a joint in the vehicle frame of the vehicle 1 guided. In this joint is the charging cable 6 fixed and waterproof, so that the tailgate 1.3 of the vehicle 1 without contact with the charging cable 6 close.

Since, as described above, the electrical system disconnecting device 3.1 for interference-free electrical consumers V of the vehicle 1 is set up so that this particular when driving the charging unit 3 and the charging line 4 disconnects from the high-voltage electrical system B, is a shield of the fault protection switch 5.1 and / or a relatively expensive shielding of the charging line 4 between themselves in the wet area of the vehicle 1 located loading unit 3 and the fault protection switch 5.1 not mandatory.

By means of the described charging device and the charging cable 4 is a relatively inexpensive overall arrangement for charging the battery 2 of the vehicle 1 indicated as the loading unit 3 due to the integrated wiring system disconnecting device 3.1 and the internally disposed modular coupling element 5 from fault protection switch 5.1 and optionally from the charging port adapter 5.2 without elaborate body-side connector with a correspondingly high IP protection and one in terms of a size of the battery 2 provided partial load operation can be designed relatively inexpensive.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

vehicle

1.1

trunk

1.2

tailgate area

1.3

tailgate

2

electrical energy storage, battery

3

charging unit

3.1

Wiring separation device

3.2

electronics

4

charging cable

5

coupling element

5.1

Residual current devices

5.2

Charging Port Adapter

5.2.1

uniform connection element

5.2.2

separate connection element

6

charge cable

6.1

charging plug

7

socket

8th

Foreign supply network

B

High-voltage electrical system

L

loader

V

consumer

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 102009001962 A1 [0002]

Claims (8)

Loading device ( 1 ) for an electrical energy store ( 2 ) of a vehicle ( 1 ), comprising at least one vehicle-side coupling element ( 5 ) for connecting the electrical energy store ( 2 ) with a foreign network ( 8th ), characterized in that the coupling element ( 5 ) at least one fault protection switch ( 5.1 ). Loading device (L) according to claim 1, characterized in that the coupling element ( 5 ) loading side with a charging line ( 4 ) and supply side with at least one charging port adapter ( 5.2 ), which is set up in such a way that different charging plugs ( 6.1 ) or charging sockets are receivable. Charging device (L) according to claim 2, characterized in that the charging connection adapter ( 5.2 ) is modular, wherein on the to the coupling element ( 5 ) coupling side connection side a uniform connection element ( 5.2.1 ) and on the supply side connection side for different charging plugs ( 6.1 ) or charging sockets each separate connection elements ( 5.2.2 ) are provided, wherein the coupling-side, uniform connection element ( 5.2.1 ) and the supply side, each separate connection element ( 5.2.2 ) are electrically and mechanically interconnected by a releasable connection. Loading device (L) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the modules of the coupling element ( 5 ), in particular the fault protection switch ( 5.1 ) and the charging port adapter ( 5.2 ), detachable, in particular latchable, are interconnected. Loading device (L) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a to the coupling element ( 5 ) dockable charging cable ( 6 ) for connection to the external supply network ( 8th ) in the vehicle ( 1 ) is guided, that the electrical energy storage ( 2 ) in the fully closed state of the vehicle ( 1 ) is at least chargeable. Vehicle ( 1 ) with a loading device (L) according to one of the preceding claims. Vehicle ( 1 ) according to claim 6, characterized in that the coupling element ( 5 ), in particular the fault protection switch ( 5.1 ) and the detachably connected charging connection adapter ( 5.2 ), in the rear area ( 1.3 ) inside the vehicle ( 1 ), especially in a trunk ( 1.1 ), arranged and fixed. Vehicle ( 1 ) according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that a to the coupling element ( 5 ) connectable charging cable ( 6 ) fluid-tight through a body opening in the tailgate ( 1.3 ) of the vehicle ( 1 ) in the fully closed state of the vehicle ( 1 ) is guided.

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