DE102010018549B4 - Computer-implemented method for calculating a spectacle lens taking into account the rotation of the eye, device for calculating or optimizing a spectacle lens, computer program product, storage medium, method for manufacturing a spectacle lens, device for manufacturing a spectacle lens and use of a spectacle lens - Google Patents

Abstract

Computer-implemented method for calculating or optimizing a spectacle lens for a spectacle wearer, comprising the steps:- determining prescription data for at least one eye of the spectacle wearer;- determining a first secondary eye position and a second secondary eye position relative to a primary eye position of the eye;- calculating or optimizing at least a surface of the spectacle lens for a large number of evaluation points of the spectacle lens, the calculation or optimization for each evaluation point comprising:-- determining a tertiary eye position as a function of the determined first and second secondary eye positions such that a viewing direction of the eye in the tertiary eye position is one eye-side course of a central principal ray through the assessment point; and-- evaluating a correction effect of the spectacle lens in the evaluation center for the tertiary eye position with regard to the prescription data.

Description

The present invention relates to a method, a system and a computer program product for calculating or optimizing or for producing a spectacle lens.

In order to calculate or optimize and/or produce spectacle lenses, a model of a schematic eye is usually used in which all fixation lines or their rearward extensions intersect at a common point, the optical center of rotation Z′. In this case, the fixation line is defined in particular as the straight line connecting the viewed object point and the center of the entrance pupil.

For the conventional calculation and optimization of a spectacle lens, the center of rotation Z' is of outstanding importance in order to correctly design the optical properties of a spectacle lens in the peripheral area. This is due to the fact that the visual acuity of the eye decreases very quickly as the angle of the visual field increases, ie outside the fovea. It is therefore significantly more important that the peripheral areas of a spectacle lens have very good imaging properties with regard to direct, foveal vision (during eye movements) than with static, peripheral vision.

In order to calculate and optimize a spectacle lens for the looking eye, the schematic eye is now usually described by the position of the center of rotation Z′ and the far point sphere or the near point sphere. The position of the center of rotation of the eye then corresponds in particular to the location of the aperture stop and the distance or near point sphere to that of the image plane (or better image sphere). In particular, the far point sphere corresponds to the geometric location for the positions of the far point when the eye is looking around and the head is not moving, with the center of rotation of the eye representing the center point of the far point sphere. The far point is in particular the adjustment point, ie in particular the point imaged in the center of the foveola, when the eye is in the optometric accommodation rest position. Correspondingly, the near-point sphere represents in particular the geometric location for the positions of the near-point when the eye is looking around and the head is stationary, with the center of rotation of the eye representing the center point of the near-point sphere. The near point is in particular the adjustment point at the highest refractive index of the optical system of the eye.

In EP 0 994 336 A2 and in U.S. 2004/032565 A1 methods are described for evaluating spectacle lenses, taking into account movements of an eye around a center of rotation of the eye. In the WO 2004/038488 A1 a method was described in which the point of rotation of the eye was not used as the location of the aperture stop, but rather the actual physical stop of the eye, the entrance pupil of the eye. Here, too, the position of the entrance pupil was determined by a simple rotation around the center of rotation of the eye Z'.

One object of the invention is to improve spectacle lenses, in particular for seeing when the eye moves. This object is achieved in particular by a method for calculating or optimizing a spectacle lens for a spectacle wearer with the features specified in claim 1; a device for calculating or optimizing a spectacle lens with the features specified in claim 10; a computer program product with the features specified in claim 11; a storage medium having the features specified in claim 12; a method for producing a spectacle lens having the features specified in claim 13; a device for producing a spectacle lens with the features specified in claim 14 and a use of a spectacle lens with the features specified in claim 15. Preferred embodiments are subject of the dependent claims.

Thus, in one aspect, the invention provides in particular a computer-implemented method for calculating or optimizing a

• - Bestimmen von Verordnungsdaten bzw. Refraktionsdaten für zumindest ein Auge des Brillenträgers;
• - Bestimmen einer ersten sekundären Augenstellung und einer zweiten sekundären Augenstellung relativ zu einer primären Augenstellung des Auges;
• - Berechnen oder Optimieren zumindest einer Fläche des Brillenglases für eine Vielzahl von Bewertungsstellen des Brillenglases, wobei das Berechnen oder Optimieren für jede Bewertungsstelle umfasst:
  • -- Ermitteln einer tertiären Augenstellung in Abhängigkeit von der bestimmten ersten und zweiten sekundären Augenstellung derart, dass eine Blickrichtung des Auges in der tertiären Augenstellung einem augenseitigen bzw. bildseitigen Verlauf eines zentralen Hauptstrahls durch die Bewertungsstelle entspricht; und
  • -- Bewerten einer Korrektionswirkung des Brillenglases in der Bewertungsstelle für die tertiäre Augenstellung im Hinblick auf die Verordnungsdaten.

Spectacle lens for a spectacle wearer comprising the steps:

• - Determination of prescription data or refraction data for at least one eye of the spectacle wearer;
• - determining a first secondary eye position and a second secondary eye position relative to a primary eye position of the eye;
• - Calculating or optimizing at least one surface of the spectacle lens for a multiplicity of evaluation points of the spectacle lens, the calculation or optimization for each evaluation point comprising:
  • -- determining a tertiary eye position as a function of the determined first and second secondary eye position such that a line of sight of the eye in the tertiary eye position corresponds to an eye-side or image-side course of a central principal ray through the assessment point; and
  • -- Evaluate a corrective effect of the spectacle lens in the evaluator for the tertiary Eye position with regard to the prescription data.

Preferably, at least one viewing direction or viewing axis and one position of the entrance pupil or the aperture diaphragm of the eye is defined or can be determined by the eye positions. In a further preferred aspect, a torsion position of the eye, that is to say its position in relation to rotations about the viewing direction or viewing axis, is also determined by the eye position. In particular, the fixation line of the eye (in particular without a spectacle lens) or the eye-side course of a main beam that strikes the eye centrally or centrally is defined or can be determined as the viewing direction or viewing axis. Particularly preferably, a viewing direction or viewing axis is understood or can be determined as a line that runs through the center of the entrance pupil or the center of the aperture stop of the eye and more preferably meets the retina essentially in the center of the foveola of the eye. The alignment of the eye during eye movements is thus determined via the viewing direction or viewing axis.

By determining a reference point, which lies in particular on the viewing axis, an axial position of the eye that is dependent on the viewing direction or viewing deflection, ie the position of the eye along the viewing axis, is defined. In particular, the center of the entrance pupil or the center of the aperture stop of the eye is thus defined as the position of the entrance pupil or aperture stop.

In particular, it was recognized according to the invention that eye movements represent very complicated movements, the consideration of which in the calculation or optimization or production of spectacle lenses can offer an improvement in the spectacle lenses and better acceptance by the spectacle wearer in an efficient manner. According to the invention, not only a rotation about a fixed eye rotation point that is independent of the viewing direction is taken into account in the calculation or optimization as the eye rotation model. Instead, the invention is based on a determination of two different eye positions or eye deflections from a primary eye position, in particular the zero viewing direction. The deflections of the eyes, which lead to the first and second secondary eye position, preferably take place in different planes and in particular not around a fixed common eye pivot point. Particularly preferably, one of the at least two eye deflections takes place in a substantially horizontal plane and the other in a substantially vertical plane, i.e. one eye deflection preferably corresponds essentially to a horizontal gaze movement, while the other eye deflection preferably corresponds essentially to a vertical gaze movement.

The first and/or second secondary eye position relative to the primary eye position is preferably measured individually for the spectacle wearer in advance, e.g. by an optician. In another preferred embodiment, standard values or average values could be determined for the eye positions given standard viewing directions.

By determining the two independent eye positions or their deflection relative to a primary eye position, movements of the eye can be taken into account, which deviate in particular from a pure rotation around a fixed eye pivot point. For example, Listing's rule describes that the eye rotates around an axis that is perpendicular to the plane spanned by the primary viewing direction (zero viewing direction) and the tertiary viewing direction (oblique viewing direction). However, it has been shown that this preferably applies to versions (eye movements in the same direction) but generally not to vergences (eye movements in the opposite direction), such as the convergence of close-up visual tasks.

Furthermore, it was recognized that the attachment points of the six eye muscles are not symmetrical. For example, even simple horizontal or vertical turns always involve more than 1 muscle. This also results in shifts and deformations of the eyeball. Since the eyeball is also not an ideal sphere and for the reasons listed above, the model of the schematic eye with an idealized, fixed pivot point only partially corresponds to reality. The deviations from the idealized schematic eye, in which the fixation line or the eye-side section of the central main rays for all viewing directions through the spectacle lens run through the same eye rotation point, can be taken into account according to the invention in an efficient manner in that for the calculation of the beam path to each visual point (as an evaluation point) through the surface of the spectacle lens to be optimized, a corresponding eye position (tertiary eye position) is determined, in particular by interpolation, starting from the determined first and second secondary eye position, in such a way that the viewing direction of the eye in this tertiary eye position coincides with the image-side or The eye-side central chief ray coincides through the corresponding visual point. The exact viewing axis as well as the axial position of the eye for this viewing direction, in particular the center of the entrance pupil or the center of the aperture stop or their distance from the corresponding one The viewing point of the spectacle lens is determined individually for each evaluation point, i.e. each viewing point. In particular, an always constant position of an ocular pivot point is therefore not assumed. The combination of the individual consideration of both the direction and position of the visual axis and the distance of the entrance pupil or aperture diaphragm from the spectacle lens or the corresponding visual point for each visual point leads to a significant improvement in the imaging properties of a spectacle lens in the peripheral area.

The determination of the tertiary eye position is particularly preferably carried out by interpolation based on the at least two determined secondary eye positions relative to the primary eye position. In another preferred embodiment, the method includes specifying a predetermined eye rotation model that assigns a position of the entrance pupil or aperture diaphragm of the eye to each viewing direction or the corresponding viewing axis and has free parameters whose values are determined from the particularly individually determined secondary eye positions.

The determination of a tertiary eye position for each visual point according to the invention has an influence in particular on the imaging properties, since the light bundles strike the spectacle lens at a different angle than would possibly result if a fixed eye rotation point was specified. In addition, the distance of the entrance pupil or aperture diaphragm from the respective viewing point of the spectacle lens changes.

Determining the first or second secondary eye position relative to a primary eye position preferably includes determining a first or second secondary axis of rotation of the eye, in particular relative to the primary eye position of the eye for a movement of the eye from the primary eye position (preferably zero gaze direction) into the first secondary eye position or the second secondary eye position.

The first or second axis of rotation (also first or second secondary axis of rotation) is preferably perpendicular to a plane (first or second secondary plane of rotation) which extends from a primary viewing direction or viewing axis, i.e. the viewing direction or viewing axis in the primary eye position , and the first or second secondary line of sight or line of sight, ie the line of sight or line of sight in the first or second secondary eye position. The intersection point of the axis of rotation through the respective plane (first or second secondary plane of rotation) or its perpendicular projection onto the primary viewing axis preferably depends on the viewing direction or viewing deflection and in particular does not match for the first and second primary eye positions. Thus, by appropriately determining the first and second secondary eye position, account is taken of the fact that the eye does not rotate exactly around a fixed eye rotation point in a particularly efficient manner.

Preferably, the first and/or second secondary axis of rotation comprises a vertical and/or a horizontal axis. At least one vertical and one horizontal gaze deflection are thus preferably determined as the first and second gaze deflection. In a further preferred embodiment, at least one further (third) secondary eye position is determined, in particular in a viewing direction that deviates from the horizontal and the vertical. In particular, a third (oblique) secondary axis of rotation is determined for this purpose.

Determining the tertiary eye position preferably includes determining a tertiary axis of rotation as a function of the first and second secondary axes of rotation. The tertiary axis of rotation is particularly preferably perpendicular to a plane (tertiary plane of rotation) which extends from the primary line of sight or line of sight, i.e. the line of sight or line of sight in the primary eye position, and the tertiary line of sight or line of sight, i.e. the line of sight or line of sight in the tertiary eye position. The intersection point of the tertiary rotation axis through the corresponding tertiary rotation plane or its vertical projection onto the primary viewing axis is preferably determined as a function of the intersection points of the secondary rotation axes through the corresponding secondary rotation planes or their vertical projections onto the primary viewing axis, in particular by interpolation.

The determination of a tertiary eye position preferably includes determining a reference point position as a function of the determined first and second secondary eye position. A reference point is particularly preferably determined on the viewing axis or the fixation line, which in particular defines the position of the entrance pupil or the aperture stop of the eye. In particular, this determines the center of the entrance pupil or the center of the aperture stop of the eye.

The method preferably includes determining at least one reference point area as an area on which the reference points of the eye lie for all viewing directions. In doing so, in a before In the preferred embodiment, the vertex and/or the near point and/or the far point and/or the center of the entrance pupil or the center of the aperture diaphragm is determined as the reference point for a large number of tertiary viewing directions or eye positions, in particular for each assessment point. A vertex surface and/or a near point surface and/or a far point surface, which in particular is not a spherical surface, is thus preferably determined as the reference point surface. A torus surface is particularly preferably determined as the reference point surface. In a preferred embodiment, the reference point area is determined by rotating the reference point around a given axis of rotation (in particular the first or second secondary axis of rotation) starting from the primary viewing direction, thereby generating a circular arc segment. Due to the different positions of the at least two secondary axes of rotation, the resulting circular arcs preferably span the torus surface to be determined and/or the torus surface is adapted or fitted to the resulting circular arcs, in particular if there are more than two secondary axes of rotation.

• - Ermitteln der Vergenz einer lokalen Wellenfront zu dem zentralen Hauptstrahl an der Bewertungsstelle in Abhängigkeit von der zumindest einen Fläche des Brillenglases;
• - Ermitteln der Vergenz der lokalen Wellenfront zu diesem zentralen Hauptstrahl an der Referenzpunktfläche aus der Vergenz der lokalen Wellenfront an der Bewertungsstelle; und
• - Auswerten der Abweichung der Vergenz an der Referenzpunktfläche, insbesondere der Scheitelpunktfläche, von einer durch die bestimmten Verordnungsdaten festgelegten Refraktion.

The assessment of a correction effect of the spectacle lens preferably includes in each assessment point:

• - Determination of the vergence of a local wavefront to the central principal ray at the assessment point as a function of the at least one surface of the spectacle lens;
• - Determination of the vergence of the local wavefront to this central principal ray at the reference point surface from the vergence of the local wavefront at the assessment point; and
• - Evaluation of the deviation of the vergence at the reference point surface, in particular the vertex surface, from a refraction determined by the determined prescription data.

When determining the vergence of the local wavefront to the central main ray at the reference point area from the vergence of the local wavefront at the evaluation point, the viewing direction-dependent, oblique distance of the reference point area from the evaluation point along the central main ray is taken into account.

The method described above for calculating or optimizing a spectacle lens can be used both for single-vision spectacle lenses and for progressive spectacle lenses. The spectacle lens to be optimized is preferably a progressive spectacle lens.

• - Verordnungsdatenbestimmungsmittel, welche ausgelegt sind, Verordnungsdaten für zumindest ein Auge des Brillenträgers zu bestimmen;
• - Augenstellungsbestimmungsmittel, welche ausgelegt sind, eine erste sekundäre Augenstellung und eine zweite sekundäre Augenstellung relativ zu einer primären Augenstellung des Auges zu bestimmen;
• - Berechnungs- oder Optimierungsmittel, welche ausgelegt sind, zumindest eine Fläche des Brillenglases für eine Vielzahl von Bewertungsstellen des Brillenglases zu berechnen oder optimieren, wobei die Berechnungs- oder Optimierungsmittel umfassen:
  • -- Augenstellungsauswertemittel, welche ausgelegt sind, eine tertiäre Augenstellung in Abhängigkeit von der bestimmten ersten und zweiten sekundären Augenstellung derart zu ermitteln, dass eine Blickrichtung des Auges in der tertiären Augenstellung einem augenseitigen Verlauf eines zentralen Hauptstrahls durch die Bewertungsstelle entspricht; und
  • -- Korrektionsbewertungsmittel, welche ausgelegt sind, eine Korrektionswirkung des Brillenglases in der Bewertungsstelle für die tertiäre Augenstellung im Hinblick auf die Verordnungsdaten zu bewerten.

In addition, the invention provides a device for calculating or optimizing a spectacle lens for a spectacle wearer, which comprises:

• - Prescription data determining means, which are designed to determine prescription data for at least one eye of the spectacle wearer;
• - eye position determination means, which are designed to determine a first secondary eye position and a second secondary eye position relative to a primary eye position of the eye;
• - Calculation or optimization means which are designed to calculate or optimize at least one surface of the spectacle lens for a large number of evaluation points of the spectacle lens, the calculation or optimization means comprising:
  • -- eye position evaluation means, which are designed to determine a tertiary eye position as a function of the determined first and second secondary eye position in such a way that a line of sight of the eye in the tertiary eye position corresponds to an eye-side course of a central principal ray through the assessment point; and
  • -- correction evaluation means, which are designed to evaluate a correction effect of the spectacle lens in the evaluation point for the tertiary eye position with regard to the prescription data.

In particular, it is taken into account that a spectacle lens does not have a stationary aperture. A spectacle lens differs fundamentally from optical instruments, such as lenses, in that the aperture diaphragm or the entrance pupil or the exit pupil of the eye

While at least one surface is calculated or optimized, the second surface of the spectacle lens can be a predetermined or predeterminable surface, for example a simple spherical or rotationally symmetrical aspheric surface. It is, of course, possible to optimize both surfaces of the spectacle lens, taking into account the determined viewing angle or viewing direction dependent eye position.

The optimization or calculation means, in particular the eye position evaluation means and the correction evaluation means, can be implemented using suitably configured or programmed computers, specialized hardware and/or computer networks or computer systems, etc. It is possible for the same computer or the same computer system to be configured or programmed in such a way that both the calculation and the determination of the prescription in the viewing area len as well as the calculation or optimization of the spectacle lens, taking into account the determined prescription and the determined tertiary eye position. However, it is of course also possible for the spectacle lens to be calculated or optimized in separate computers or computer systems, for example.

The optimization or calculation means (in particular the eye position evaluation means and the correction evaluation means), the prescription data determination means and the eye position determination means can be in signal communication with corresponding memories by means of suitable interfaces and in particular read out and/or modify the data stored in the memory. The prescription data determination means and/or the eye position determination means can further comprise a preferably interactive graphical user interface (GUI) which enables a user to enter and/or modify corresponding data. All calculations are preferably done in real time.

A further aspect of the invention relates to a computer program product and a storage medium with a computer program stored thereon, the computer program or the computer program product being designed, when loaded and executed on a computer, to carry out an exemplary embodiment of the method for calculating or optimizing a spectacle lens.

• Berechnen oder Optimieren eines Brillenglases nach einem Ausführungsbeispiel des Verfahrens zum Berechnen oder Optimieren eines Brillenglases;
• Fertigen des so berechneten oder optimierten Brillenglases.

A further aspect of the invention relates to a method for producing a spectacle lens comprising:

• Calculating or optimizing a spectacle lens according to an exemplary embodiment of the method for calculating or optimizing a spectacle lens;
• Production of the spectacle lens calculated or optimized in this way.

In particular, the calculation or optimization of the spectacle lens includes providing surface data of the spectacle lens calculated or optimized according to an example of the method for calculating or optimizing a spectacle lens. As already described above, one of the two surfaces of the spectacle lens (e.g. the front surface) can be a predetermined surface, e.g. a spherical or rotationally symmetrical aspheric surface. The other surface (e.g. the rear surface) is then optimized or calculated taking into account the prescription that is dependent on the viewing direction or viewing angle.

• Berechnungs- oder Optimierungsmittel, welche ausgelegt sind, das Brillenglas nach einem bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel des Verfahrens zum Berechnen oder Optimieren eines Brillenglases zu berechnen oder zu optimieren;
• Bearbeitungsmittel, welche ausgelegt sind, das Brillenglas fertig zu bearbeiten.

According to a further aspect of the invention, a device for producing a spectacle lens is proposed. The device includes:

• Calculation or optimization means, which are designed to calculate or optimize the spectacle lens according to a preferred exemplary embodiment of the method for calculating or optimizing a spectacle lens;
• Processing means designed to finish the spectacle lens.

In particular, the device for producing a spectacle lens includes surface data provision means which are designed to provide surface data of the spectacle lens calculated or optimized using a method for calculating or optimizing a spectacle lens.

The processing means for finishing the spectacle lens can include, for example, CNC-controlled machines for direct processing of a blank according to the determined optimization specifications. Alternatively, the spectacle lens can be manufactured using a casting process. The finished spectacle lens preferably has a simple spherical or rotationally symmetrical aspheric surface and a surface optimized (e.g. aspherical or progressive) according to the design specifications calculated according to the invention and individual parameters of the spectacle wearer. Preferably, the simple spherical or rotationally symmetrical aspheric surface is the front surface (i.e., the object-side surface) of the lens. However, it is of course possible to arrange the surface optimized according to the calculated design as the front surface of the spectacle lens.

The device for producing a progressive spectacle lens can also further comprise a detection means for detecting individual data of the spectacle wearer. The detection means can in particular include graphical user interfaces.

• 1 zeigt ein Flussdiagramm eines beispielhaften Verfahrens zum Optimieren eines Brillenglases gemäß einem Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung. 2 veranschaulicht einen Strahlengang für zwei Verschiedene Blickrichtungen, d.h. zwei verschiedene Bewertungsstellen 12, 14 eines Brillenglases 10.

According to a further aspect of the invention, the use of a spectacle lens manufactured according to the manufacturing method described above is proposed in a predetermined average or individual usage position of the spectacle lens in front of the eyes of a specific spectacle wearer to correct ametropia of the spectacle wearer.

• 1 shows a flowchart of an exemplary method for optimizing a spectacle lens according to an embodiment of the invention. 2 illustrates a beam path for two different viewing directions, ie two different evaluation points 12, 14 of a spectacle lens 10.

According to a preferred embodiment, each given line of sight (secondary or tertiary) is assigned a specific axis of rotation or axis of rotation, which is perpendicular to the primary and the given line of sight. The position of this axis in the z-direction, in particular parallel to the primary viewing direction, depends on the viewing direction in a way that is yet to be determined.

1. 1. Bestimmung der Positionen dieser Achsen in z-Richtung für mindestens 2 Blickrichtungen mit einem geeigneten Messgerät oder bei vorgeschalteter unabhängiger Messung, Übermittlung der Drehachsen an die Berechnungseinheit. Die bevorzugten Drehachsen sind hierbei die vertikale und die horizontale Drehachse. Besonders bevorzugt ist es, wenn mindestens auch noch für eine schräge Drehachse die Position in z-Richtung bestimmt wird. Die Abhängigkeit der Position der Drehachse in z-Richtung wird als Funktion der Richtung der Drehachse geeignet interpoliert.
2. 2. Die Fläche, auf denen die Mitten der Eintrittspupille liegen, ergibt sich punktweise dadurch, dass die Mitte der Eintrittspupille in primärer Blickrichtung um die gegebene Drehachse rotiert wird und dabei ein Kreisbogenstück erzeugt. Entsprechend werden die Fern-, Nah und Scheitelpunktflächen konstruiert. Diese stellen nicht notwendigerweise mehr Kugelflächen dar. Bei zwei Drehachsen ist die Interpolation bevorzugt so vorzunehmen, dass die entstehenden Flächen jeweils einen Torus darstellen. Bei drei oder mehr Drehachsen ist es bevorzugt, dass durch die drei oder mehr Kreisbogenstücke pro Fläche jeweils ein Torus angepasst wird.
3. 3. Mit diesen Größen (Lage der Eintrittspupille, Scheitelpunkt, Fern- und Nahpunkt als Funktion der Blickwinkel) lässt sich nun das Brillenglas mit einem Modell, welches wesentlich näher an den realen Verhältnissen liegt, besser berechnen und optimieren als unter der Standardannahme von einheitlichen Kugelflächen.

In an exemplary preferred embodiment, the method according to the invention is described by the following steps:

1. 1. Determination of the positions of these axes in the z-direction for at least 2 viewing directions with a suitable measuring device or with an upstream independent measurement, transmission of the rotational axes to the calculation unit. The preferred axes of rotation are the vertical and the horizontal axis of rotation. It is particularly preferred if the position in the z-direction is also determined at least for an oblique axis of rotation. The dependency of the position of the axis of rotation in the z-direction is suitably interpolated as a function of the direction of the axis of rotation.
2. 2. The area on which the centers of the entrance pupil lie is obtained point by point by rotating the center of the entrance pupil in the primary viewing direction around the given axis of rotation, thereby creating a circular arc segment. Accordingly, the far, near, and vertex surfaces are constructed. These do not necessarily represent more spherical surfaces. With two axes of rotation, the interpolation should preferably be carried out in such a way that the resulting surfaces each represent a torus. In the case of three or more axes of rotation, it is preferred that one torus is adapted in each case by the three or more circular arc segments per area.
3. 3. With these variables (position of the entrance pupil, apex, far and near point as a function of the viewing angle), the spectacle lens can now be calculated and optimized better with a model that is much closer to the real conditions than under the standard assumption of uniform spherical surfaces .

Claims (15)

Computer-implemented method for calculating or optimizing a spectacle lens for a spectacle wearer, comprising the steps: - determining prescription data for at least one eye of the spectacle wearer; - determining a first secondary eye position and a second secondary eye position relative to a primary eye position of the eye; - Calculating or optimizing at least one surface of the spectacle lens for a multiplicity of evaluation points of the spectacle lens, the calculation or optimization for each evaluation point comprising: -- determining a tertiary eye position as a function of the determined first and second secondary eye position such that a line of sight of the eye in the tertiary eye position corresponds to an eye-side course of a central principal ray through the assessment point; and -- Assessing a corrective effect of the spectacle lens in the assessor for the tertiary eye position with regard to the prescription data. Computer-implemented method claim 1 , wherein determining the first secondary eye position relative to a primary eye position comprises determining a first secondary axis of rotation of the eye for movement of the eye from the primary eye position to the first secondary eye position, and/or wherein determining the second secondary eye position relative to a primary eye position includes determining a second secondary axis of rotation of the eye for movement of the eye from the primary eye position to the second secondary eye position. Computer-implemented method claim 2 , wherein the first and / or second secondary axis of rotation is a vertical and / or a horizontal Computer-implemented method claim 2 or 3 , wherein determining the tertiary eye position includes determining a tertiary axis of rotation as a function of the first and second secondary axes of rotation. Computer-implemented method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the determination of a tertiary eye position comprises determining a reference point position as a function of the determined first and second secondary eye positions. Computer-implemented method claim 5 , comprising determining a reference point surface as a surface on which the reference points of the eye lie for all viewing directions. Computer-implemented method claim 6 , wherein determining a reference point surface includes determining a torus surface. Computer-implemented method claim 6 or 7 , wherein the assessment of a correction effect of the spectacle lens in each assessment point includes: - Determination of the vergence of a local wavefront to the central principal ray at the assessment point as a function of the at least one surface of the spectacle lens; - Determination of the vergence of the local wavefront to this central principal ray at the reference point surface from the vergence of the local wavefront at the assessment point; and - evaluating the deviation of the vergence of the local wave front at the reference point area from a refraction specified by the determined prescription data. Computer-implemented method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the spectacle lens to be optimized is a progressive spectacle lens. Device for calculating or optimizing a spectacle lens for a spectacle wearer, comprising: - Prescription data determining means, which are designed to determine prescription data for at least one eye of the spectacle wearer; - eye position determination means, which are designed to determine a first secondary eye position and a second secondary eye position relative to a primary eye position of the eye; - Calculation or optimization means which are designed to calculate or optimize at least one surface of the spectacle lens for a large number of evaluation points of the spectacle lens, the calculation or optimization means comprising: -- eye position evaluation means, which are designed to determine a tertiary eye position as a function of the determined first and second secondary eye position in such a way that a line of sight of the eye in the tertiary eye position corresponds to an eye-side course of a central principal ray through the assessment point; and -- correction evaluation means, which are designed to evaluate a correction effect of the spectacle lens in the evaluation point for the tertiary eye position with regard to the prescription data. Computer program product which, when loaded and executed on a computer, is designed to provide a method for calculating or optimizing a spectacle lens according to any one of Claims 1 until 10 to perform. Storage medium with a computer program stored thereon, the computer program being designed when loaded and executed on a computer, a method for calculating or optimizing a spectacle lens according to one of Claims 1 until 10 to perform Method for producing a spectacle lens comprising: - Calculating or optimizing a spectacle lens according to the method for calculating or optimizing a spectacle lens according to one of Claims 1 until 9 ; - Manufacture of the calculated or optimized spectacle lens. Device for producing a spectacle lens, comprising: - calculation or optimization means, which are designed to process the spectacle lens according to a method for calculating or optimizing a spectacle lens according to one of Claims 1 until 10 to calculate or optimize; - Machining means, which are designed to finish the lens. Using a according to the manufacturing process Claim 13 manufactured spectacle lens in a predetermined average or individual usage position of the spectacle lens in front of the eyes of a specific spectacle wearer to correct a defective vision of the spectacle wearer.

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